The inhibitive effect of a seaweed (SM) alcoholic extract on MS corrosion immersed in 1 M HCl, for 30 min, was evaluated by the WL method and PPD technique. The protective film was investigated by the Vickers hardness test. WL revealed that 500 ppm SM offered 84 % IE against MS corrosion in 1 M HCl. The inhibitor molecules adsorption onto the metal surface obeyed Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The R 2 value was very high (0.998). The PPD study showed that E corr slightly shifted to the anodic side. It was inferred that SM functions as a mixed type of corrosion inhibitor, since the shifts were relatively small. In SM presence, LPR value increased and I corr decreased. Due to the blanket effect (formation of a protective film on the metallic surface, which was found to be a monolayer, blocking anodic and cathodic sites), the electrons transfer from the metal into the solution was blocked. Vickers hardness of the inhibited MS surface was lower than that of the polished one, but higher than that of the corroded one. The outcome of the study may be used in the pickling industry, where HCl is used to remove the rust from the metal surface, simultaneously not attacking it.
{"title":"Mild Steel Corrosion Inhibition in 1 M HCl by an Alcoholic Extract of Sargassum Muticum","authors":"V. Jeslina, S. Kirubavathy, A. Al-Hashem, al et","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410204","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibitive effect of a seaweed (SM) alcoholic extract on MS corrosion immersed in 1 M HCl, for 30 min, was evaluated by the WL method and PPD technique. The protective film was investigated by the Vickers hardness test. WL revealed that 500 ppm SM offered 84 % IE against MS corrosion in 1 M HCl. The inhibitor molecules adsorption onto the metal surface obeyed Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The R 2 value was very high (0.998). The PPD study showed that E corr slightly shifted to the anodic side. It was inferred that SM functions as a mixed type of corrosion inhibitor, since the shifts were relatively small. In SM presence, LPR value increased and I corr decreased. Due to the blanket effect (formation of a protective film on the metallic surface, which was found to be a monolayer, blocking anodic and cathodic sites), the electrons transfer from the metal into the solution was blocked. Vickers hardness of the inhibited MS surface was lower than that of the polished one, but higher than that of the corroded one. The outcome of the study may be used in the pickling industry, where HCl is used to remove the rust from the metal surface, simultaneously not attacking it.","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70921712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[dimOHmIm] + ,I - and [dimOHmBim] + ,I - were investigated as a corrosion inhibitors for MS in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 using gravimetric, PDP and EIS techniques. Polarization curves revealed that both compounds acted as mixed-type inhibitors
{"title":"Experimental Evaluation and Theoretical Study of Imidazolium and Benzimidazolium Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors of Mild Steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4 Solution","authors":"M. E. Said, M. Bouchouit, A. Zaiter, al et","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410201","url":null,"abstract":"[dimOHmIm] + ,I - and [dimOHmBim] + ,I - were investigated as a corrosion inhibitors for MS in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 using gravimetric, PDP and EIS techniques. Polarization curves revealed that both compounds acted as mixed-type inhibitors","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70921818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work examined MLE as Zn corrosion inhibitor in a NaOH medium. MLE was subjected to qualitative and quantitative Pc analyses. Thermometric and gravimetric techniques were employed in the corrosion inhibition study. In the thermometric method, reaction numbers for Zn dissolution in blank and inhibited NaOH media were used to determine MLE IE(%). The gravimetric method was carried out using one factor at a time and RSM. CCD of DES was employed in RSM. The analyses of the experimental results revealed that MLE was predominantly made up of flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins (471.7, 458.3 and 115.0 mg/100 g, respectively). Zn by the extract increased with higher inhibitor C, but decreased with a rise in T. A quadratic model adequately described the relationship between IE(%), C, T and time factors. High IE(%) of 83.75% was obtained at an inhibitor C of 1.0 g/L, T of 303 K and IT of 5 h. Hence, MLE is a suitable inhibitor for Zn corrosion in a NaOH medium.
{"title":"Investigation of Mango (Mangnifera Indica) Extract as Zinc Corrosion Inhibitor in a Sodium Hydroxide Medium","authors":"M. Omotioma, O. Onukwuli, C. O. Nevo","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410501","url":null,"abstract":"This work examined MLE as Zn corrosion inhibitor in a NaOH medium. MLE was subjected to qualitative and quantitative Pc analyses. Thermometric and gravimetric techniques were employed in the corrosion inhibition study. In the thermometric method, reaction numbers for Zn dissolution in blank and inhibited NaOH media were used to determine MLE IE(%). The gravimetric method was carried out using one factor at a time and RSM. CCD of DES was employed in RSM. The analyses of the experimental results revealed that MLE was predominantly made up of flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins (471.7, 458.3 and 115.0 mg/100 g, respectively). Zn by the extract increased with higher inhibitor C, but decreased with a rise in T. A quadratic model adequately described the relationship between IE(%), C, T and time factors. High IE(%) of 83.75% was obtained at an inhibitor C of 1.0 g/L, T of 303 K and IT of 5 h. Hence, MLE is a suitable inhibitor for Zn corrosion in a NaOH medium.","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70922881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In continuation of our previously published work entitled Mechanical and Corrosion Behavior of Inconel 718 Nickel-Based Super Alloy Doped with Graphene Nanoplatelets , the present study investigated the tribological performance of modified IN 718 doped with GrNs. Friction and wear properties were analised using an advance universal tribometer, while surface mophologies were studied by SEM. The modified SA tribological properties validation was done in relative comparison to those of pure IN 718 . Mechanical properties with higher , younger modulus values, better morphologies, higher AWI, lower SWR and µ values were noted on the modified IN 718. Nonetheless, an increase in the load proved to affect the tribological oxide layer properties of both pure and modified IN 718. room temperature. The tests were run under dry lubrication conditions that are explained further ahead. A steel ball was used as the counterpart material against both standard and modified materials. The diameter size of the steel ball was 1.50 mm, and the acquisition rate was 3.14 Hz, with an equivalent stroke length of 6 mm. The measurements were intended to incorporate friction and wear properties from both pure and modified IN 718.
{"title":"Tribological Behavior of Inconel 718 Nickel-Based Super Alloy Doped with Graphene Nanoplatelets","authors":"K. Khoele, O. M. Ama, D. Disai, Al Et","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410102","url":null,"abstract":"In continuation of our previously published work entitled Mechanical and Corrosion Behavior of Inconel 718 Nickel-Based Super Alloy Doped with Graphene Nanoplatelets , the present study investigated the tribological performance of modified IN 718 doped with GrNs. Friction and wear properties were analised using an advance universal tribometer, while surface mophologies were studied by SEM. The modified SA tribological properties validation was done in relative comparison to those of pure IN 718 . Mechanical properties with higher , younger modulus values, better morphologies, higher AWI, lower SWR and µ values were noted on the modified IN 718. Nonetheless, an increase in the load proved to affect the tribological oxide layer properties of both pure and modified IN 718. room temperature. The tests were run under dry lubrication conditions that are explained further ahead. A steel ball was used as the counterpart material against both standard and modified materials. The diameter size of the steel ball was 1.50 mm, and the acquisition rate was 3.14 Hz, with an equivalent stroke length of 6 mm. The measurements were intended to incorporate friction and wear properties from both pure and modified IN 718.","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70921631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of Avocado Seeds as New Green Corrosion Inhibitor for 7075-T6 Al Alloy in a 3.5% NaCl Solution: Electrochemical, Thermodynamic, Surface and Theoretical Investigations","authors":"M. Radi, R. Melián, M. Galai, al et","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70923007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization and Performance of TiO2 Nanoparticles Prepared by Microwave in Different Mixtures of Water and Ethylene Glycol for the Food Dye E131 VF Degradation","authors":"F. Kassir, M. Azoury, P. Damacet, al et","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70921947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Nanomaterials in the Recent Development of Electrochemical Biosensors","authors":"S. Abdulhussein, F. F. Al-Kazazz, A. Rheima","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70922149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MS acceptability for nowadays structural construction is premised on its availability and low cost. However, due to MS poor corrosion resistance, most especially in acidic and alkaline environments, there have been increasing concerns about its use. The use of inhibitors, as proposed by different researchers, mitigates MS CR, thus reducing the economic losses experienced by all chief users of this alloy. In recent years, scientists have focused on green inhibitors obtained from plant, fruit and vegetable extracts, and essential oils. Besides being environmentally friendly, in terms of corrosion resistance, plant extracts are becoming increasingly important, due to their low cost and toxicity, and high availability. Additionally, they are rich in organic compounds with polar atoms, such as O, P, S and N, containing multiple bonds in their molecules, through which they can adsorb onto the metal surface, forming a protective film, by various adsorption isotherms. This paper provides a review on research works done so far on MS corrosion control by naturally occurring plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors, in both acidic and alkaline environments, where this alloy is mainly applied.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Plant Inhibitors as Used against Structural Mild Steel Corrosion: A Review","authors":"U. S. Nwigwe, C. Nwoye","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410505","url":null,"abstract":"MS acceptability for nowadays structural construction is premised on its availability and low cost. However, due to MS poor corrosion resistance, most especially in acidic and alkaline environments, there have been increasing concerns about its use. The use of inhibitors, as proposed by different researchers, mitigates MS CR, thus reducing the economic losses experienced by all chief users of this alloy. In recent years, scientists have focused on green inhibitors obtained from plant, fruit and vegetable extracts, and essential oils. Besides being environmentally friendly, in terms of corrosion resistance, plant extracts are becoming increasingly important, due to their low cost and toxicity, and high availability. Additionally, they are rich in organic compounds with polar atoms, such as O, P, S and N, containing multiple bonds in their molecules, through which they can adsorb onto the metal surface, forming a protective film, by various adsorption isotherms. This paper provides a review on research works done so far on MS corrosion control by naturally occurring plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors, in both acidic and alkaline environments, where this alloy is mainly applied.","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70922599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protective Compositions Based on Modified Colza Oil Refining Products against Carbon Steel Atmospheric Corrosion","authors":"V. Vigdorovich, E. Tanygina, A. Tanygin, al et","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410605","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70923197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study has investigated electrolysis conditions, in which spatiotemporal structures onto the cathode surface could be observed for the first time, under strictly controlled settings, during Cu-Sb alloy ED. Self-organization phenomena, such as in depth self-assembled deposits structures, appeared when Sb content was higher than 70 wt% in the coatings. The layers and their structures different optical and morphologic areas were characterized
{"title":"Structure Formation and Multi-layering in an Electrodeposited Copper-Antimony Alloy","authors":"V. Kostov, T. Dobrovolska","doi":"10.4152/pea.2023410502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.2023410502","url":null,"abstract":"The present study has investigated electrolysis conditions, in which spatiotemporal structures onto the cathode surface could be observed for the first time, under strictly controlled settings, during Cu-Sb alloy ED. Self-organization phenomena, such as in depth self-assembled deposits structures, appeared when Sb content was higher than 70 wt% in the coatings. The layers and their structures different optical and morphologic areas were characterized","PeriodicalId":20334,"journal":{"name":"Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70922823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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