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Implicit Impact of English Language Pedagogical Enhancement Policies in Higher Education Under the Indian NEP 2020: Challenges, Curriculum, Approaches, Opportunities, and Implementations 印度新经济政策2020下高等教育英语教学强化政策的隐性影响:挑战、课程、方法、机遇和实施
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i4.1117
Meenakshi Sharma Yadav, M. Yadav
A country’s societal and economic growth needs well-planned, dedicated, open, and technological advancements in education systems and learning policies (Archer, 2013). Since ancient times, India has dominated education, and university education is widespread there. Before and after independence, India’s education system had many improvements. The current research critically explores the influences of English teaching and learning pedagogies and enhancement strategies in higher education under the Indian National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The research employed a descriptive-quantitative approach that collected quantifiable information for statistical analysis of the population sample. Moreover, the study uncovers challenges, curriculum, approaches, opportunities, and implementations under the NEP 2020. The study used a questionnaire to randomly collect data from 200 students to investigate the implicit impact of executing English language teaching and learning programs. The impact was evaluated across four categories: high, medium, neutral, and low, and the analysis of the data showed the high impact of implementing the NEP in India. This study is a preliminary analysis of a policy document that will be used as a starting point for future studies using empirical methods to examine the effects of the NEP once it is fully implemented. Focusing on changes in higher education, the paper has elucidated the holistic, transformative understanding of NEP and highlighted the significance of technology interventions for innovative teaching and learning. This article can be considered as a reference to the policy implementation of English language pedagogical enhancement policies in higher education by the NEP 2020 teams of the Government of India.
一个国家的社会和经济增长需要教育系统和学习政策的精心规划、专注、开放和技术进步(Archer, 2013)。自古以来,印度一直主导着教育,大学教育在那里很普遍。在独立前后,印度的教育体系有了很多改进。目前的研究在印度国家教育政策(NEP) 2020下批判性地探讨了英语教学和学习教学法以及高等教育中的增强策略的影响。本研究采用描述性定量方法,收集可量化的信息,对人口样本进行统计分析。此外,该研究还揭示了新经济政策2020下的挑战、课程、方法、机遇和实施。本研究采用问卷调查的方式,随机收集200名学生的数据,调查实施英语教学计划的隐性影响。对影响的评估分为四个类别:高、中、中性和低,对数据的分析表明,在印度实施新经济政策的影响很大。这项研究是对一份政策文件的初步分析,将作为未来研究的起点,使用实证方法来检验新经济政策全面实施后的影响。本文以高等教育的变革为重点,阐述了对新经济政策的整体性、变革性理解,并强调了技术干预对创新教与学的重要性。本文可作为印度政府新经济政策2020团队在高等教育中实施英语教学强化政策的参考。
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引用次数: 0
School Culture Typology and Leadership in Ateneo De Iloilo 雅典耀大学的学校文化类型与领导力
Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.676
Herman M Lagon
This descriptive study aims to determine the school culture typology and school leadership category of a Jesuit school, Ateneo de Iloilo. Using stratified random sampling, 76 teachers were asked to fill out two standardized instruments of the ASCD, namely: (a) School Culture Typology (SCT) worksheet and (b) School Culture Survey (SCS) sheet. Analysis of data was done using central tendencies and standard deviation. The SCT survey showed that the most dominant typology in Ateneo is the “collaborative” type of school culture. However, it also has a secondary blend of “contrived collegiality” and “comfortable collaboration.” “Collaborative” culture is found to be prevailing in the following areas: “decision making,” “openness,” “communication,” “socialization,” and “organizational history.” But results also showed that the school needs to further improve on areas of “trust” among teachers and “parent relations.” Meanwhile, the SCS survey revealed that the teachers “strongly agree” in the high level of “professional development” and “unity of purpose” in school. However, it was also found that teachers still need to develop more their “trust to each other” and to be more “open in discussing disagreements over instructional practices.” The administration must also be more aggressive in structurally giving space, reward, and recognition to curricular innovators. It is hereby recommended that the results of this study must cascade down to the teachers through school summits, institutional meetings, and PLCs for affirmation, dialogue, and reflection. Similar study may also be made with the other stakeholders of the school for triangulation.
本描述性研究旨在确定阿特尼奥伊洛伊洛耶稣会学校的学校文化类型和学校领导类别。采用分层随机抽样的方法,76名教师填写了ASCD的两项标准化工具,即:(a)学校文化类型学(SCT)工作表和(b)学校文化调查(SCS)表。使用集中趋势和标准差对数据进行分析。SCT调查显示,雅典耀最主要的类型是“合作”型学校文化。然而,它也有“人为的合作”和“舒适的合作”的次要混合。“协作”文化被发现在以下领域盛行:“决策”、“开放”、“沟通”、“社会化”和“组织历史”。但结果也表明,学校需要进一步改善教师之间的“信任”和“家长关系”。与此同时,问卷调查亦显示,教师对学校的“专业发展”及“目标统一”的高度认同。然而,研究也发现,教师仍然需要培养更多的“相互信任”,并更加“开放地讨论教学实践中的分歧”。政府还必须在结构上更加积极地给予课程创新者空间、奖励和认可。在此建议,本研究的结果必须通过学校峰会、机构会议和plc的肯定、对话和反思传递给教师。类似的研究也可以与学校的其他利益相关者进行三角测量。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Grade 8 Students’ Academic Performance and Attitude in Teaching Science through Augmented Reality 利用增强现实技术提高八年级学生科学教学的学习成绩和态度
Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.840
J. S. Berame, M. L. Bulay, Rissa L. Mercado, Annie Rose C Ybanez, Gladys Claire A Aloyon, Anna Mae F Dayupay, Regine D. Hunahunan, Novabelle J Jalop
Strategic Intervention Material for Teaching Augmented Reality (SIMaTAR) is a collection of teaching and learning materials in Science which uses augmented reality technology to greatly improve learning experience through digital immersion in different 3D and 4D worlds and is under the innovative approaches in science education project of DOST-SEI. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of using SIMaTAR mobile application as a tool on improving the Grade 8 students’ academic performance, motivation, and attitude towards learning science as well as the teachers’ assessment upon using the application. Results showed that all indicators on the teachers and students’ assessment on SIMaTAR mobile augmented reality application were rated as strongly agree. All indicators of students’ attitude towards science showed improvement after implementing the AR application in science teaching. Further, the scores of the student participants in pre-test and post-test were remarkably increased after using the application. As for the challenges, results revealed that students do not have the gadgets to use and they lack the knowledge on how to manipulate the application. Through data analysis using paired samples t-test, it is concluded that the integration of SIMaTAR in teaching science increases the engagement and interest of the students in learning the subject and the application of mobile augmented reality could substantially improve the teaching and learning process.
《增强现实教学策略干预材料》(Strategic Intervention Material for Teaching Augmented Reality, simar)是一套科学类教学材料的集合,它利用增强现实技术,通过数字化沉浸在不同的3D和4D世界中,极大地改善了学习体验,是教育部科学教育项目的创新方法。本研究旨在评估使用SIMaTAR移动应用程序作为工具对提高八年级学生学习成绩、学习动机和学习态度的有效性,以及教师在使用该应用程序后的评价。结果表明,教师和学生对SIMaTAR移动增强现实应用评估的各项指标均被评为高度一致。在科学教学中实施AR应用后,学生对科学态度的各项指标均有改善。此外,学生参与者在使用应用程序后的前测和后测得分显著提高。至于挑战,结果显示,学生们没有可以使用的小工具,他们缺乏如何操作应用程序的知识。通过配对样本t检验的数据分析,得出结论:simar在科学教学中的整合提高了学生对学科学习的参与度和兴趣,移动增强现实的应用可以大大改善教学过程。
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引用次数: 1
Best Practices of Language Teachers Towards Professional Development: Challenges, Changes, and Reflections 语言教师专业发展的最佳实践:挑战、变化与反思
Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.991
Sam Rhoy B Dela Cruz
This research made use of a phenomenological approach to understand profoundly the lived experiences of language teachers towards professional development and optimizing their teacher factors. It aimed to highlight the views of English teachers regarding the teacher factor and professional development, the barriers they encounter in English language teaching, and the ways where they could improve themselves as professional teachers. This qualitative study made use of remote interviews via zoom in analyzing the professional development activities employed by English teachers and the other facets connected to them during the school year 2022-2023. Fifteen (15) English teachers teaching in SUCs or Private HEIs were chosen to be the participants of the study. Semi-structured open-ended questions were asked. Data were manually organized and structured from the interviews and thorough scrutiny of themes and identification of essential features were conducted. It was found that teachers’ ongoing reflection, evaluation, and analysis of their own practices are necessary elements of their professional development as these can support them to construct new teaching theories and improve their performances. Therefore, optimizing the teacher factor must be every teacher’s hunger, concern, and intended purpose. Such development does not only depend on formal learning, but it can also be self-initiated by teachers.
本研究运用现象学方法,深入了解语言教师在专业发展和优化教师因素方面的生活经验。旨在强调英语教师对教师因素和专业发展的看法,他们在英语教学中遇到的障碍,以及他们作为专业教师可以提高自己的途径。本定性研究采用远程访谈的方法,通过放大分析了2022-2023学年英语教师的专业发展活动以及与之相关的其他方面。本研究选取了15名在suc或私立高校任教的英语教师作为研究对象。他们问了一些半结构化的开放式问题。从访谈中手动组织和组织数据,并对主题进行彻底审查和确定基本特征。研究发现,教师对自身实践的不断反思、评价和分析是教师专业发展的必要要素,可以支持教师构建新的教学理论,提高教师的教学绩效。因此,优化教师因素必须是每个教师的渴望、关心和预期目的。这种发展不仅依赖于正式的学习,也可以由教师自己发起。
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引用次数: 1
New Education Model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era 斯里兰卡后Covid- 19大流行时代的新教育模式
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.834
I. U. Wanigasekera, G. Wijayarathna
High quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all is among the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. This paper aims for New Education Model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era to survive the Sri Lankan education. As a education model in pandemic era it has to be eLearning model. This is achieved adopting an object-oriented approach and Unified Modeling Language (UML). The functional and dynamic views of the system are presented and explained within this framework. The functional system includes Use Case diagrams and activity diagrams which are developed based on predefined functional requirements of the system. Furthermore, in the dynamic view of the system, interaction diagrams are developed and explained in detail. The proposed models are a step towards efficient implementation of a complete Education model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era.
高质量教育和促进全民终身学习机会是联合国可持续发展目标之一。本文旨在为斯里兰卡在后Covid- 19大流行时代的新的教育模式,以生存斯里兰卡的教育。作为大流行时代的教育模式,必须是电子学习模式。这是采用面向对象的方法和统一建模语言(UML)来实现的。系统的功能视图和动态视图在此框架内进行了展示和解释。功能系统包括用例图和活动图,它们是根据系统预定义的功能需求开发的。此外,从系统的动态视图出发,绘制了系统的交互图,并进行了详细的说明。拟议的模式是朝着有效实施斯里兰卡后Covid- 19大流行时代完整教育模式迈出的一步。
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引用次数: 0
Students in the New Normal: Their Experiences in the Pandemic’s Limited Face-to-Face Classes 新常态下的学生:他们在大流行有限的面对面课程中的经历
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.979
Michael L. Bordeos, K. R. M. Lagman, Imelda P Sta Cruz
To better understand how students adjusted to the limited face-to-face learning environment during the Covid-19 pandemic, this study focused on their experiences, challenges, and motivations acquired during that time. The study employed phenomenological research and Collaizi’s seven steps of data analysis. Twenty students were purposively selected and consulted to share their learning experiences during the pandemic’s limited face-to-face classes. The findings showed that students’ main challenges with attending limited face-to-face classes were a lack of instructional time and collaboration, difficulty understanding the lessons and activities, and an adjustment period. Nevertheless, despite these challenges, they are highly motivated to keep learning in class. Thus, emerging themes were also detected, such as completing studies for the future, steadfast commitment to learning, fulfilling their life’s dreams, and appreciating education despite challenges. The findings demonstrated that students must focus on their motivation to learn in adjusting to the limited face-to-face classes. However, because there were only twenty participants in this study, those individuals’ viewpoints do not fairly reflect the student body across the country. In this regard, the researchers recommended including teachers in the later years of the pandemic researching difficulties and motivations. Primary education institutions should strengthen the limited face-to-face classes, reevaluate the curriculum, equip the staff, modernize the facilities, implement a strategic plan, and evaluate every part of the plan to maintain teaching and learning continuity in the new normal of education.
为了更好地了解学生在Covid-19大流行期间如何适应有限的面对面学习环境,本研究重点关注他们在此期间获得的经历、挑战和动机。本研究采用现象学研究和科莱兹的数据分析七步法。有目的地选择并咨询了20名学生,以分享他们在大流行有限的面对面课程中的学习经验。调查结果显示,参加有限的面对面课程的学生面临的主要挑战是缺乏教学时间和合作,难以理解课程和活动,以及适应期。然而,尽管面临这些挑战,他们仍然有很强的动力继续在课堂上学习。因此,我们也发现了一些新兴的主题,如完成未来的学业、坚定的学习承诺、实现自己的人生梦想、在挑战中欣赏教育。研究结果表明,学生在适应有限的面对面课程时必须关注学习动机。然而,由于这项研究只有20名参与者,这些个人的观点并不能公平地反映全国的学生群体。在这方面,研究人员建议包括教师在大流行的后期研究困难和动机。为了在教育新常态下保持教与学的连续性,小学教育机构应加强有限的面授教学,重新评估课程,装备师资队伍,实现设施现代化,实施战略规划,并对规划的每一部分进行评估。
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引用次数: 4
The Mediating Effect of Work Values on the Relationship Between Reflective Thinking Skills and Positive Personality Traits Among Public School Elementary School Teachers 公办小学教师工作价值观对反思性思维技能与积极人格特质关系的中介作用
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.823
Sheryl S. Salinas, Lyndon A. Quines
This study determined the mediating effect of work values on the relationship between reflective thinking skills and positive personality traits among 310 teachers in the Division of Davao del Sur, Philippines using a non-experimental quantitative descriptive-correlational research design. Weighted mean, Pearson r, and path analysis using AMOS were used to analyze the data. Findings revealed significant relationships between reflective thinking skills and positive personality traits, between reflective thinking skills and work values, and between work values and positive personality traits. Employing path analysis, results revealed a complete mediation of work values on the relationship between reflective thinking skills and personality traits among public elementary teachers. This indicates that work values are only one of the reasons how reflective thinking skills can influence positive personality traits.
本研究以菲律宾南达沃省310名教师为研究对象,采用非实验定量描述性相关研究设计,探讨了工作价值观对反思性思维技能与积极人格特质之间关系的中介作用。采用加权均值、Pearson r和AMOS通径分析对数据进行分析。结果表明,反思性思维技能与积极人格特质、反思性思维技能与工作价值观、工作价值观与积极人格特质之间存在显著的相关关系。运用路径分析,结果显示工作价值观对公办小学教师反思思维能力与人格特质的关系具有完全的中介作用。这表明,工作价值观只是反思性思维技能如何影响积极人格特质的原因之一。
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引用次数: 0
Teachers’ Information and Communication Technology Competencies: The Basis for a Competency-based Training Plan 教师信息与通信技术能力:基于能力的培训计划的基础
Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.762
Benjamin F. Mijares
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education pertains to using information and communication technology to support, enhance, and optimize information delivery. The study sought to ascertain the ICT competencies of elementary teachers in District 2 of the SDO Malolos City. The study employed a descriptive-quantitative method. The standardized questionnaire was adopted from the National ICT Competency Standards for Teachers (NICS), which covered the four domains of the ICT framework in education. Data were analyzed using the mean Kruskal-Wallis Test and the Mann-Whitney U test to determine significant differences between teacher respondents’ profile and their level of National ICT Competency Standards. Results showed that teachers have a high level of competencies in Technology Operations and Concepts, Social and Ethical, and Pedagogical Domains, but an average level in the Professional domain. Likewise, a significant difference was not established in their gender, age, educational attainment, position, number of ICT-related training, and years of using ICT in teaching but found in teachers’ length of service. The findings suggest that teachers must increase their level of competence in the Professional Domain to become more proficient and effective in carrying out their duties and responsibilities. This can be accomplished through seminar workshops on professional growth and development, research, innovation, and collaboration. To maximize their ICT skills, a competency-based training program should be provided in District 2 of SDO City of Malolos schools.
教育中的信息和通信技术(ICT)涉及使用信息和通信技术来支持、增强和优化信息传递。本研究旨在确定SDO马洛洛斯市第2区小学教师的ICT能力。本研究采用描述定量方法。标准化问卷采用了国家教师ICT能力标准(NICS),涵盖了教育中ICT框架的四个领域。使用平均Kruskal-Wallis检验和Mann-Whitney U检验对数据进行分析,以确定教师受访者的概况与其国家ICT能力标准水平之间的显着差异。结果显示,教师在技术操作和概念、社会和伦理以及教学领域的能力水平较高,但在专业领域的能力水平为平均水平。同样,在性别、年龄、受教育程度、职位、ICT相关培训次数和在教学中使用ICT的年数方面没有发现显著差异,但在教师的服务年限方面发现了显著差异。研究结果表明,教师必须提高他们在专业领域的能力水平,以更加熟练和有效地履行他们的职责和责任。这可以通过专业成长和发展、研究、创新和合作的研讨会来实现。为了最大限度地提高他们的信息通信技术技能,应该在SDO市马洛洛斯的第二区学校提供基于能力的培训计划。
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引用次数: 1
Authoritative Parenting: The Best Style in Children’s Learning 权威父母:孩子学习的最佳方式
Pub Date : 2022-10-30 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.687
Arjun Prasad Tiwari
The study purposes to analyses the influence of parents’ roles in their children’s learning, and claim the suitable parenting style with argumentations. The parents’ roles or accountability in children’s overall learning have been categorized into various parenting styles, i.e. authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. A few types of research have indicated that parents in traditional societies have been exercising authoritarian parenting as a solution to make their children true followers. The national and international legal provisions are against this authoritarian parenting. On the contrary, most research has shown that authoritative parenting is the best style for children’s learning. It makes the children create socially valued self-esteem, develop social skills, democratic values, and personality traits, and value discipline. This theoretical study concludes that authoritative parenting makes children learn about humanism, mutual relationships, receptivity, conscientiousness, administer fair and consistent discipline, encourage independence, and express warmth and nurturance. The argumentations and claims under the discussion section signify the value of authoritative parenting.
本研究旨在分析父母角色对子女学习的影响,并以论证方式提出合适的教养方式。父母在孩子整体学习中的角色或责任被分为不同的养育方式,即专制,权威,宽容和不参与。一些类型的研究表明,传统社会的父母一直在运用专制教育作为一种解决方案,使他们的孩子真正的追随者。国内和国际法律条文都反对这种专制的教育方式。相反,大多数研究表明,权威型父母是孩子学习的最佳方式。它使孩子们建立社会重视的自尊,发展社会技能,民主价值观和人格特征,以及重视纪律。本理论研究的结论是,权威型父母使孩子学会了人文主义、相互关系、接受性、尽责性、管理公平和一致的纪律、鼓励独立性、表达温暖和养育。讨论区下面的论证和主张表明了权威型育儿的价值。
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引用次数: 1
Upgrading the Problem-Solving Experiences of the Primary Students Using an Online Singapore Mathematics Platform 利用新加坡在线数学平台提升小学生解决问题的体验
Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.54536/ajet.v1i3.750
Barcelona Alvin
This convergent parallel mixed-methods study examined the effectiveness of a self-directed online platform that promotes the use of the Singapore model method in solving mathematics problems among primary students in a private school in the Philippines. There were 275 students and 4 mathematics teachers that were involved in the study using stratified sampling method. Mathematics achievement test, survey, and interviews were utilized in gathering data. Findings show significant learning gains among the primary students on their pretest and posttest scores. Both the quantitative and qualitative data reveal that students’ problem solving experiences improved because they can visualize the abstraction of the problems using pictorial and bar modeling methods. The respondents enjoyed the self-directed nature of the platform, where they could solve problems in the comfort of their own homes. However, the respondents shared that unstable internet connection and the overwhelming number of lessons in the integrated curriculum were some areas for improvement. Overall, the initial assessment shows promising results on the integration of the online self-directed platform that promotes an innovative and creative way of solving mathematical problems among primary students. Further assessments in the future should be made to ensure that integration can bring positive learning outcomes in the long run.
这项融合并行混合方法研究检验了一个自主在线平台的有效性,该平台促进了在菲律宾一所私立学校的小学生中使用新加坡模型方法解决数学问题。采用分层抽样方法对275名学生和4名数学教师进行了调查。采用数学成绩测试、问卷调查、访谈等方法收集数据。研究结果显示小学生在测试前和测试后的成绩上有显著的学习收益。定量和定性数据都表明,学生的问题解决体验得到了改善,因为他们可以使用图形和条形建模方法将问题的抽象可视化。受访者喜欢这个平台的自我导向性质,他们可以在自己舒适的家中解决问题。然而,受访者认为网络连接不稳定,以及综合课程的课程过多是需要改善的地方。总体而言,初步评估显示了在线自主平台整合的良好结果,该平台促进了小学生解决数学问题的创新和创造性方式。未来应该进行进一步的评估,以确保从长远来看,整合能够带来积极的学习成果。
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引用次数: 0
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American Journal of Education and Technology
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