Samia Razaq, Amna Batool, Umair Ali, M. S. Khalid, U. Saif, Mustafa Naseem
Routine early age child immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools such as Immunization Information Systems (IIS) to improve efficiency of vaccination programs has shown mixed but encouraging results in terms of success. The objective of this paper is to present evidence of Evaccs -- a successfully deployed smartphone based vaccinator monitoring app, discuss the need to create a smartphone enabled IIS (called Har Zindagi -- every life matters) that can store digital records of every child, discuss various design and implementation features of Har Zindagi's android application, and present findings of the usability testing performed on the Har Zindagi android app. Given that the vaccinators are non tech-savvy, and the real estate on a smartphone is limited, this application was particularly designed to allow easy record entry process, and smoothen the workflow. This paper builds upon previous work on user interface design for low-literate users, and identifies techniques to iteratively design interfaces with government employees, who may be uncomfortable with giving usability feedback due to fear of repercussions or might have different field reality when compared to their supervisors and policy makers.
{"title":"Iterative Design of an Immunization Information System in Pakistan","authors":"Samia Razaq, Amna Batool, Umair Ali, M. S. Khalid, U. Saif, Mustafa Naseem","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001925","url":null,"abstract":"Routine early age child immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools such as Immunization Information Systems (IIS) to improve efficiency of vaccination programs has shown mixed but encouraging results in terms of success. The objective of this paper is to present evidence of Evaccs -- a successfully deployed smartphone based vaccinator monitoring app, discuss the need to create a smartphone enabled IIS (called Har Zindagi -- every life matters) that can store digital records of every child, discuss various design and implementation features of Har Zindagi's android application, and present findings of the usability testing performed on the Har Zindagi android app. Given that the vaccinators are non tech-savvy, and the real estate on a smartphone is limited, this application was particularly designed to allow easy record entry process, and smoothen the workflow. This paper builds upon previous work on user interface design for low-literate users, and identifies techniques to iteratively design interfaces with government employees, who may be uncomfortable with giving usability feedback due to fear of repercussions or might have different field reality when compared to their supervisors and policy makers.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124015090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anurata Prabha Hridi, Dipto Das, M. Anjum, Tanmay Das
This poster presents an app that can help disaster affected communities find efficient and safe evacuation routes to reduce the loss of human and resources, both during and after a disaster has hit. This proposed app will navigate people seeking evacuation through suitable routes based on geographical condition, structural vulnerability, disaster severity, traffic density, human mobility, etc. The choice of most effective and safe evacuation paths primarily relies on stochastic probability of human movement and requires frequently updated data. In order to achieve this, the app uses real time GPS data by simulating the movement pattern of its users connected to network as well as their previous movement patterns when they are found offline. This simulation process will find out the less congested and safer routes for faster traversal. Users can use these path suggestions to safely drive themselves out of the disaster stricken area. In case of a user being offline, this app will use data stored on the device to suggest evacuation routes based on human mobility pattern. The implementation of this idea will help the app users evacuate safely and quickly, thus minimizing human casualty due to disaster fatality.
{"title":"Faster Evacuation after Disaster: Finding Alternative Routes using Probable Human Behavior","authors":"Anurata Prabha Hridi, Dipto Das, M. Anjum, Tanmay Das","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006632","url":null,"abstract":"This poster presents an app that can help disaster affected communities find efficient and safe evacuation routes to reduce the loss of human and resources, both during and after a disaster has hit. This proposed app will navigate people seeking evacuation through suitable routes based on geographical condition, structural vulnerability, disaster severity, traffic density, human mobility, etc. The choice of most effective and safe evacuation paths primarily relies on stochastic probability of human movement and requires frequently updated data. In order to achieve this, the app uses real time GPS data by simulating the movement pattern of its users connected to network as well as their previous movement patterns when they are found offline. This simulation process will find out the less congested and safer routes for faster traversal. Users can use these path suggestions to safely drive themselves out of the disaster stricken area. In case of a user being offline, this app will use data stored on the device to suggest evacuation routes based on human mobility pattern. The implementation of this idea will help the app users evacuate safely and quickly, thus minimizing human casualty due to disaster fatality.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114349231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashlesh Sharma, Varun Chandrasekaran, F. Amjad, D. Shasha, L. Subramanian
Many banking and commerce payment systems in developing regions require users to share private or sensitive information in clear-text with untrusted providers, exposing them to different forms of man-in-the-middle attacks. In this paper, we introduce Alphacodes, a new paradigm that enables users to secure transactions with untrusted parties using the notion of human-computable visual puzzles. We describe how Alphacodes can be applied in different use cases and also explain two simple applications that we have built using this framework. We motivate our solution using security vulnerabilities in existing systems, and show how our protocol overcomes them. We demonstrate the ease of use of Alphacodes with minimal training using two simple crowdsourcing studies. Using another simple real world user study involving 10 users who speak Kannada (a regional Indian language), we show that the Alphacodes paradigm can be easily extended to languages beyond English.
{"title":"Alphacodes: Usable, Secure Transactions with Untrusted Providers using Human Computable Puzzles","authors":"Ashlesh Sharma, Varun Chandrasekaran, F. Amjad, D. Shasha, L. Subramanian","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001924","url":null,"abstract":"Many banking and commerce payment systems in developing regions require users to share private or sensitive information in clear-text with untrusted providers, exposing them to different forms of man-in-the-middle attacks. In this paper, we introduce Alphacodes, a new paradigm that enables users to secure transactions with untrusted parties using the notion of human-computable visual puzzles. We describe how Alphacodes can be applied in different use cases and also explain two simple applications that we have built using this framework. We motivate our solution using security vulnerabilities in existing systems, and show how our protocol overcomes them. We demonstrate the ease of use of Alphacodes with minimal training using two simple crowdsourcing studies. Using another simple real world user study involving 10 users who speak Kannada (a regional Indian language), we show that the Alphacodes paradigm can be easily extended to languages beyond English.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134151602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amna Batool, A. Asghar, Tayeba Tariq, Mohsin Badar, Iqra Shahzad, Umair Anwar, Mustafa Naseem
This paper presents findings from initial user research to understand key work-related problems that Lady Health Workers (LHWs) face in their day-to-day duties, potential technology-based solutions to identified ICT addressable problems, and design methods that can help overcome fear of technology and enable end-users to participate in co-design. We conducted 3 rounds of interviews with 10 LHWS and 2 supervisors. Our main results show that LHW's have fear of technology that can be reduced through colorful, user-friendly wizard-of-ox prototypes before training LHWs on high fidelity prototypes.
{"title":"Design Methods to Reduce Technology Fear and Solicit Feedback from Lady Health Workers (LHWs) in Pakistan","authors":"Amna Batool, A. Asghar, Tayeba Tariq, Mohsin Badar, Iqra Shahzad, Umair Anwar, Mustafa Naseem","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006646","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents findings from initial user research to understand key work-related problems that Lady Health Workers (LHWs) face in their day-to-day duties, potential technology-based solutions to identified ICT addressable problems, and design methods that can help overcome fear of technology and enable end-users to participate in co-design. We conducted 3 rounds of interviews with 10 LHWS and 2 supervisors. Our main results show that LHW's have fear of technology that can be reduced through colorful, user-friendly wizard-of-ox prototypes before training LHWs on high fidelity prototypes.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131748347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A smart city is a vision to adopt multiple information and communication technology (ICT) solutions in the management of public affairs. Waste management problem is acute in the cities and urban areas now a days. Number of trucks roaming around, collecting waste at any time, excessive manpower requirement and inefficient monitoring are some of the difficulties we face with the conventional waste collection approach. The purpose of our work is to introduce a smart and intelligent waste management system that is able to handle the process dynamically and cost effectively. In our approach weight and volume of waste thrown in the waste bins are collected by economical sensors and then sent to cloud server using a micro-controller and GPRS. This data is used to find the waste collection schedule to maximize the collection. Location of vehicles and waste bins are used to find the shortest possible collection route for each truck which is implemented by Ant Colony Optimization(ACO) technique. The system is adaptable to dynamic changes i.e. routes blocked during waste collection process. The whole process can be monitored centrally and thus provide a high quality service to the citizens of a smart city.
{"title":"A Cloud-based Dynamic Waste Management System for Smart Cities","authors":"S. Sharmin, Sikder Tahsin Al-Amin","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006629","url":null,"abstract":"A smart city is a vision to adopt multiple information and communication technology (ICT) solutions in the management of public affairs. Waste management problem is acute in the cities and urban areas now a days. Number of trucks roaming around, collecting waste at any time, excessive manpower requirement and inefficient monitoring are some of the difficulties we face with the conventional waste collection approach. The purpose of our work is to introduce a smart and intelligent waste management system that is able to handle the process dynamically and cost effectively. In our approach weight and volume of waste thrown in the waste bins are collected by economical sensors and then sent to cloud server using a micro-controller and GPRS. This data is used to find the waste collection schedule to maximize the collection. Location of vehicles and waste bins are used to find the shortest possible collection route for each truck which is implemented by Ant Colony Optimization(ACO) technique. The system is adaptable to dynamic changes i.e. routes blocked during waste collection process. The whole process can be monitored centrally and thus provide a high quality service to the citizens of a smart city.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133253856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Doupe, Emilie Bruzelius, James H. Faghmous, Samuel G. Ruchman
High-resolution population density maps are a critical component for global development efforts, including service delivery, resource allocation, and disaster response. Traditional population density efforts are predominantly survey driven, which are laborious, prohibitively expensive, infrequently updated, and inaccurate -- especially in remote areas. Furthermore, these maps are developed on a regional-basis where the methods used vary region to region, hence introducing notable spatio-temporal heterogeneity and bias. The advent of global-scale satellite imagery provides us with an unprecedented opportunity to create inexpensive, accurate, homogeneous, and rapidly updated population maps. To fulfill this vision, we must overcome both infrastructure and methodological obstacles. We propose a convolutional neural network approach that addresses some of the methodological challenges, while employing a publicly available, albeit low resolution, remote sensed product. The method converts satellite images into population density estimates. To explore both the accuracy and generalizability of our approach, we train our neural network on Tanzanian imagery and test the model on Kenyan data. We show that our method is able to generalize to unseen data and we improve upon the current state of the art by 177 percent.
{"title":"Equitable development through deep learning: The case of sub-national population density estimation","authors":"P. Doupe, Emilie Bruzelius, James H. Faghmous, Samuel G. Ruchman","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001921","url":null,"abstract":"High-resolution population density maps are a critical component for global development efforts, including service delivery, resource allocation, and disaster response. Traditional population density efforts are predominantly survey driven, which are laborious, prohibitively expensive, infrequently updated, and inaccurate -- especially in remote areas. Furthermore, these maps are developed on a regional-basis where the methods used vary region to region, hence introducing notable spatio-temporal heterogeneity and bias. The advent of global-scale satellite imagery provides us with an unprecedented opportunity to create inexpensive, accurate, homogeneous, and rapidly updated population maps. To fulfill this vision, we must overcome both infrastructure and methodological obstacles. We propose a convolutional neural network approach that addresses some of the methodological challenges, while employing a publicly available, albeit low resolution, remote sensed product. The method converts satellite images into population density estimates. To explore both the accuracy and generalizability of our approach, we train our neural network on Tanzanian imagery and test the model on Kenyan data. We show that our method is able to generalize to unseen data and we improve upon the current state of the art by 177 percent.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123930364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Developing world microgrids often balance insufficient supply with growing, unpredictable demand. Deterministic and probabilistic simulators exist to model these microgrids, and each focuses on different technical aspects. With the addition of smart meters into microgrids, monitoring and control is now available at high granularity, which enriches microgrid planning and operation. This research is designing a new simulator that incorporates models of smart meters that allow real-time power clipping for demand side management, effectively smoothing the system load curve as needed to represent inherent uncertainty. Individual supplies and demands are modeled as discrete probability mass functions (PMFs). To compare clipping schemes for grid operation and generation mixes for planning, we aggregate the probabilistic inputs by convolution and then compute expected energy sold and probability of avoiding power cuts. We compare these values for load profiles of different days of the week and test microgrid reliability with different numbers of customers clipped.
{"title":"Stochastic Simulator for Smart Microgrid Planning","authors":"J. Thornburg, B. Krogh, T. Ustun","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006631","url":null,"abstract":"Developing world microgrids often balance insufficient supply with growing, unpredictable demand. Deterministic and probabilistic simulators exist to model these microgrids, and each focuses on different technical aspects. With the addition of smart meters into microgrids, monitoring and control is now available at high granularity, which enriches microgrid planning and operation. This research is designing a new simulator that incorporates models of smart meters that allow real-time power clipping for demand side management, effectively smoothing the system load curve as needed to represent inherent uncertainty. Individual supplies and demands are modeled as discrete probability mass functions (PMFs). To compare clipping schemes for grid operation and generation mixes for planning, we aggregate the probabilistic inputs by convolution and then compute expected energy sold and probability of avoiding power cuts. We compare these values for load profiles of different days of the week and test microgrid reliability with different numbers of customers clipped.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126324613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Holzer, Bruno Kocher, Isabelle Vonèche Cardia, J. Mazuze, S. Bendahan, D. Gillet
Knowledge management is particularly important in humanitarian organization operating in situations of emergency. One of the challenges in designing systems to support knowledge management is to increase knowledge sharing. In this research-in-progress we explore attitudes of humanitarian workers of Médecins Sans Frontières towards knowledge sharing and propose novel designs to visualize individual and group contributions on a knowledge management system.
知识管理对于在紧急情况下开展工作的人道主义组织尤其重要。设计支持知识管理的系统的挑战之一是增加知识共享。在这项正在进行的研究中，我们探讨了msamdins Sans frontires的人道主义工作者对知识共享的态度，并提出了新的设计，以可视化个人和团体对知识管理系统的贡献。
{"title":"Gamifying Knowledge Sharing in the Humanitarian Context","authors":"A. Holzer, Bruno Kocher, Isabelle Vonèche Cardia, J. Mazuze, S. Bendahan, D. Gillet","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006630","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge management is particularly important in humanitarian organization operating in situations of emergency. One of the challenges in designing systems to support knowledge management is to increase knowledge sharing. In this research-in-progress we explore attitudes of humanitarian workers of Médecins Sans Frontières towards knowledge sharing and propose novel designs to visualize individual and group contributions on a knowledge management system.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"24 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121276841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article highlights the emergence of Indian urban customers willing to use alternative electricity supply solutions in the context of a discontinuous public electricity supply service in Bangalore. The research identifies how the off-grid service developed by a social enterprise, SELCO, and initially designed for poor rural customers is slowly reaching the urban upper-middle class customers attracted by its practical use and financial incentive. The article aims to address two intertwined questions: (1) how the service of that visionary company is being diffused into the urban society through the nexus of its potential customers? (2) what are the motivations driving these customers in using off-grid options? The case of SELCO helps us to illustrate this market evolution of solar photovoltaic systems. We observe a built-in corporate entrepreneurship culture of the organization playing an important role in bridging projects into a new context by creating an interactive relationship with their existing and potential customers. A small number of individuals in the organization starts working to understand the needs of the client, and slowly identifies new meanings of its service in an urban context recently explored as a market. This demonstrated development of a niche market constitutes an early signal of the emergence of a social group willing to change its consumption behavior and contribute to the environment through their day-to-day activity.
{"title":"The role of the customers in the diffusion of alternative electricity supply solution in Bangalore: A case study of SELCO bringing its rural solution to an urban niche market","authors":"A. Amiraly, Haruki Sawamura","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006643","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the emergence of Indian urban customers willing to use alternative electricity supply solutions in the context of a discontinuous public electricity supply service in Bangalore. The research identifies how the off-grid service developed by a social enterprise, SELCO, and initially designed for poor rural customers is slowly reaching the urban upper-middle class customers attracted by its practical use and financial incentive. The article aims to address two intertwined questions: (1) how the service of that visionary company is being diffused into the urban society through the nexus of its potential customers? (2) what are the motivations driving these customers in using off-grid options? The case of SELCO helps us to illustrate this market evolution of solar photovoltaic systems. We observe a built-in corporate entrepreneurship culture of the organization playing an important role in bridging projects into a new context by creating an interactive relationship with their existing and potential customers. A small number of individuals in the organization starts working to understand the needs of the client, and slowly identifies new meanings of its service in an urban context recently explored as a market. This demonstrated development of a niche market constitutes an early signal of the emergence of a social group willing to change its consumption behavior and contribute to the environment through their day-to-day activity.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134166503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sam Castle, Fahad Pervaiz, Galen Cassebeer Weld, Franziska Roesner, Richard J. Anderson
Digital money drives modern economies, and the global adoption of mobile phones has enabled a wide range of digital financial services in the developing world. Where there is money, there must be security, yet prior work on mobile money has identified discouraging vulnerabilities in the current ecosystem. We begin by arguing that the situation is not as dire as it may seem---many reported issues can be resolved by security best practices and updated mobile software. To support this argument, we diagnose the problems from two directions: (1) a large-scale analysis of existing financial service products and (2) a series of interviews with 7 developers and designers in Africa and South America. We frame this assessment within a novel, systematic threat model. In our large-scale analysis, we evaluate 197 Android apps and take a deeper look at 71 products to assess specific organizational practices. We conclude that although attack vectors are present in many apps, service providers are generally making intentional, security-conscious decisions. The developer interviews support these findings, as most participants demonstrated technical competency and experience, and all worked within established organizations with regimented code review processes and dedicated security teams.
{"title":"Let's Talk Money: Evaluating the Security Challenges of Mobile Money in the Developing World","authors":"Sam Castle, Fahad Pervaiz, Galen Cassebeer Weld, Franziska Roesner, Richard J. Anderson","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001919","url":null,"abstract":"Digital money drives modern economies, and the global adoption of mobile phones has enabled a wide range of digital financial services in the developing world. Where there is money, there must be security, yet prior work on mobile money has identified discouraging vulnerabilities in the current ecosystem. We begin by arguing that the situation is not as dire as it may seem---many reported issues can be resolved by security best practices and updated mobile software. To support this argument, we diagnose the problems from two directions: (1) a large-scale analysis of existing financial service products and (2) a series of interviews with 7 developers and designers in Africa and South America. We frame this assessment within a novel, systematic threat model. In our large-scale analysis, we evaluate 197 Android apps and take a deeper look at 71 products to assess specific organizational practices. We conclude that although attack vectors are present in many apps, service providers are generally making intentional, security-conscious decisions. The developer interviews support these findings, as most participants demonstrated technical competency and experience, and all worked within established organizations with regimented code review processes and dedicated security teams.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134298410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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