Our Android application, ClickHealth, helps the homeless locate the nearest health care facilities to help treat their health needs. There were two stages to developing the app: researching/planning and developing. Our app has numerous features including a Google Maps view, markers which show the closest hospitals and drugstores, info pages about hospitals, and a favorites tab. ClickHealth provides all important information about each hospital in a convenient fashion, and without using too much data. ClickHealth will help reduce the number of homeless who are in need of health care because of the way it guides users to facilities that accept walk-in patients and allow appointments to be made over the phone.
{"title":"ClickHealth, an App to Provide Info on Healthcare to the Homeless","authors":"E-Seul Song, P. Maheshwari, D. Lewis, S. Figueira","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006634","url":null,"abstract":"Our Android application, ClickHealth, helps the homeless locate the nearest health care facilities to help treat their health needs. There were two stages to developing the app: researching/planning and developing. Our app has numerous features including a Google Maps view, markers which show the closest hospitals and drugstores, info pages about hospitals, and a favorites tab. ClickHealth provides all important information about each hospital in a convenient fashion, and without using too much data. ClickHealth will help reduce the number of homeless who are in need of health care because of the way it guides users to facilities that accept walk-in patients and allow appointments to be made over the phone.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132614354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is considered one of the promising pillars for Egypt's economic growth. Recent social responsibility initiatives aim at leveraging the potentials of ICT industry to achieve inclusive development. Nonetheless, the current workforce is technically-oriented due to the rise of global outsourcing. There is a need for a workforce that is willing to engage with the bottom the pyramid as a potential market. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) discipline puts the user in the heart of the design process, and thus it is argued that teaching HCI could build a capacity necessary to fulfil the workforce gap. HCI education is underrated by engineering students due to the way by which its courses are integrated in the Egyptian curriculum along with other inherited pedagogical challenges. Following the best practices of introductory HCI courses, an interactive two-weeks Winter School activity was designed for sensitising 31 engineering undergraduates to user-experience in technology design. The students' feedback, the instructor's reflections, and the implications on future offerings are presented.
{"title":"A Case Study for Sensitising Egyptian Engineering Students to User-Experience in Technology Design","authors":"Shaimaa Y. Lazem","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001916","url":null,"abstract":"Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is considered one of the promising pillars for Egypt's economic growth. Recent social responsibility initiatives aim at leveraging the potentials of ICT industry to achieve inclusive development. Nonetheless, the current workforce is technically-oriented due to the rise of global outsourcing. There is a need for a workforce that is willing to engage with the bottom the pyramid as a potential market. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) discipline puts the user in the heart of the design process, and thus it is argued that teaching HCI could build a capacity necessary to fulfil the workforce gap. HCI education is underrated by engineering students due to the way by which its courses are integrated in the Egyptian curriculum along with other inherited pedagogical challenges. Following the best practices of introductory HCI courses, an interactive two-weeks Winter School activity was designed for sensitising 31 engineering undergraduates to user-experience in technology design. The students' feedback, the instructor's reflections, and the implications on future offerings are presented.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129471418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
People with visual impairment use Braille as a medium of textual representation having palpable dots. While the more privileged among us use OCR based text readers as preferential alternative, the lesser privileged ones are still bundling with conventional Braille tools. Our endeavor in this paper is to develop a low-cost and easy-to-use solution for less-privileged people. Here, we propose EyePen, a system that enables less-privileged visually-impaired people reading Braille characters, printed using conventional ink-jet and laser printers. The use of printed Braille characters using ink-jet printers offers a cost-effective alternative in place of the more expensively printed conventional palpable Braille dots. Besides, EyePen demands a very short learning period and offers a smooth learning experience ensuring ease-of-use while being in operation. We perform user evaluation over our developed system to confirm these findings. The user evaluation results show that the accuracy of reading printed Braille characters using EyePen converges to 100% within a very short period of time for all users. Finally, we present a potential writing aid that can facilitate low-cost and easy writing of Braille characters on normal paper exploiting our system.
{"title":"EyePen: Ease of Reading for Less-Privileged Visually-Impaired People","authors":"Tusher Chakraborty, T. Khan, A. Alim, Al Islam","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001915","url":null,"abstract":"People with visual impairment use Braille as a medium of textual representation having palpable dots. While the more privileged among us use OCR based text readers as preferential alternative, the lesser privileged ones are still bundling with conventional Braille tools. Our endeavor in this paper is to develop a low-cost and easy-to-use solution for less-privileged people. Here, we propose EyePen, a system that enables less-privileged visually-impaired people reading Braille characters, printed using conventional ink-jet and laser printers. The use of printed Braille characters using ink-jet printers offers a cost-effective alternative in place of the more expensively printed conventional palpable Braille dots. Besides, EyePen demands a very short learning period and offers a smooth learning experience ensuring ease-of-use while being in operation. We perform user evaluation over our developed system to confirm these findings. The user evaluation results show that the accuracy of reading printed Braille characters using EyePen converges to 100% within a very short period of time for all users. Finally, we present a potential writing aid that can facilitate low-cost and easy writing of Braille characters on normal paper exploiting our system.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125799420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobile devices have become ubiquitous. However, they often do not equate with access to communication services. Indeed, many of the 60 million people forcibly displaced worldwide who have access to mobile devices, lack communication services due to lack of infrastructure or lack of Internet credits. In this research-in-progress, we provide the basis to create cloudless co-located social media on Android. To do so, we present a novel middleware solution called PadocAndroid, which allows multihop ad hoc communication between off-the-shelf Android devices. We also present experimental results and a proof-of-concept chat application to illustrate the usage of the middleware.
{"title":"Towards Cloudless Co-located Social Media on Android","authors":"A. Holzer, Gabriel De Tiberge, D. Gillet","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006625","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile devices have become ubiquitous. However, they often do not equate with access to communication services. Indeed, many of the 60 million people forcibly displaced worldwide who have access to mobile devices, lack communication services due to lack of infrastructure or lack of Internet credits. In this research-in-progress, we provide the basis to create cloudless co-located social media on Android. To do so, we present a novel middleware solution called PadocAndroid, which allows multihop ad hoc communication between off-the-shelf Android devices. We also present experimental results and a proof-of-concept chat application to illustrate the usage of the middleware.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133844746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Protecting user privacy has become an important research problem in recent years. We introduce the first approach for collecting feedback and opinions from workers about the poor workplace condition in a privacy preserving manner and empower them at their workplaces. In our system, a worker's feedback remains hidden in an aggregate form but at the end the actual scenario of the workplace could be revealed. Thus, our system protects workers from facing troubles and losing jobs for sharing their sufferings to the public. On the other hand, the revealed feedback can motivate the management authority to improve the quality of their workplaces in the fear of losing trust and reputation. We propose two techniques: in one technique, workers in cooperation with the server hide their individual feedback from other and in other technique, workers protect their privacy in a crowdsourced manner. We show a comparative analysis of our techniques with experiments.
{"title":"Ensuring Feedback Data Privacy in the Context of Developing Countries","authors":"Tahsina Hashem, T. Hashem, Anindya Iqbal","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006627","url":null,"abstract":"Protecting user privacy has become an important research problem in recent years. We introduce the first approach for collecting feedback and opinions from workers about the poor workplace condition in a privacy preserving manner and empower them at their workplaces. In our system, a worker's feedback remains hidden in an aggregate form but at the end the actual scenario of the workplace could be revealed. Thus, our system protects workers from facing troubles and losing jobs for sharing their sufferings to the public. On the other hand, the revealed feedback can motivate the management authority to improve the quality of their workplaces in the fear of losing trust and reputation. We propose two techniques: in one technique, workers in cooperation with the server hide their individual feedback from other and in other technique, workers protect their privacy in a crowdsourced manner. We show a comparative analysis of our techniques with experiments.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117281377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a method to leverage mobile interaction design knowledge for low-literacy, moving from falsifiable hypotheses (claims) to actionable solutions (patterns). In prior work, claims and patterns have been used separately for different application areas and in different contexts. This research asserts that the transition from claims to patterns will enhance the design value, leveraging claims for uncertain situations and inexplicit user behavior and patterns for proven solutions for recurrent problems. This paper examines how these two structures can be combined in a claims-to-patterns approach to leverage mobile interaction design for low-literacy. To demonstrate this method, an example that highlights how claims evolve into patterns through research and design is discussed.
{"title":"Claims-to-Patterns Approach to Leverage Mobile Interaction Design for Low-Literacy Users","authors":"E. G. Belay, D. McCrickard, Solomon A. Besufekad","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3001928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3001928","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method to leverage mobile interaction design knowledge for low-literacy, moving from falsifiable hypotheses (claims) to actionable solutions (patterns). In prior work, claims and patterns have been used separately for different application areas and in different contexts. This research asserts that the transition from claims to patterns will enhance the design value, leveraging claims for uncertain situations and inexplicit user behavior and patterns for proven solutions for recurrent problems. This paper examines how these two structures can be combined in a claims-to-patterns approach to leverage mobile interaction design for low-literacy. To demonstrate this method, an example that highlights how claims evolve into patterns through research and design is discussed.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133658205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the university setting, global software development (GSD) projects involve teams of students distributed across several countries and working collaboratively on the development of software artifacts and software. Students are confronted with issues related to distance, time and culture. In 2014, students from the State University of Zanzibar in Tanzania and Pace University in the US united in the annual GSD project to develop mobile apps targeting the Tanzanian context. In this paper, we focus on the roles and experience with GSD of Tanzanian students. We describe their motivations for participating, the challenges they encountered, and what they learned. We explore how GSD can be used to speed up skills acquisition for both entrepreneurs and IT professionals in developing countries. The results we present are useful for academic institutions, tech hubs and capacity building organizations.
在大学环境中，全球软件开发(GSD)项目涉及分布在几个国家的学生团队，并在软件工件和软件的开发上协同工作。学生们面临着与距离、时间和文化有关的问题。2014年，来自坦桑尼亚桑给巴尔州立大学(State University of Zanzibar)和美国佩斯大学(Pace University)的学生在年度GSD项目中联合起来，开发针对坦桑尼亚背景的移动应用程序。在本文中，我们关注坦桑尼亚学生在GSD中的角色和经验。我们描述了他们参与的动机，他们遇到的挑战，以及他们学到了什么。我们将探讨如何利用GSD加快发展中国家企业家和IT专业人员获得技能的速度。我们提出的结果对学术机构、技术中心和能力建设组织很有用。
{"title":"Global Software Development Projects as a Framework for Capacity Building in Developing Countries","authors":"C. Scharff, Y. Sheikh, Idris A. Rai","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006649","url":null,"abstract":"In the university setting, global software development (GSD) projects involve teams of students distributed across several countries and working collaboratively on the development of software artifacts and software. Students are confronted with issues related to distance, time and culture. In 2014, students from the State University of Zanzibar in Tanzania and Pace University in the US united in the annual GSD project to develop mobile apps targeting the Tanzanian context. In this paper, we focus on the roles and experience with GSD of Tanzanian students. We describe their motivations for participating, the challenges they encountered, and what they learned. We explore how GSD can be used to speed up skills acquisition for both entrepreneurs and IT professionals in developing countries. The results we present are useful for academic institutions, tech hubs and capacity building organizations.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122423487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indoor localization or zonification in disaster affected settings is a challenging research problem. Existing studies encompass localization and tracking of first-responders or fire fighters using wireless sensor networks. In addition to that, fast evacuation, routing, and planning have also been proposed. However, the problem of locating survivors or victims is yet to be explored to the full potential. State-of-the-art literature often employ infrastructure dependent solutions, for example, WiFi localization using WiFi access points exploiting fingerprinting techniques, Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) starting from known locations, etc. Owing to unpredictable and dynamic nature of disaster affected environments, infrastructure dependent solutions are seldom useful. Therefore, in this study, we propose an ad hoc WiFi zonification technique (named as AWZone) that is independent of any infrastructural settings. AWZone attempts to perform localization through exploiting commodity smartphones as a beaconing device and successively searching and narrowing down the search space. We perform two testbed experiments. The results reveal that, for a single survivor or victim, AWZone can identify the search space and estimate a location with an approximate 1.5m localization error through eliminating incorrect zones from a set of possible results.
{"title":"AWZone: Ad hoc WiFi Zonification in Post-Disaster Settings","authors":"T. Khan, Tusher Chakraborty, A. Islam","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006651","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor localization or zonification in disaster affected settings is a challenging research problem. Existing studies encompass localization and tracking of first-responders or fire fighters using wireless sensor networks. In addition to that, fast evacuation, routing, and planning have also been proposed. However, the problem of locating survivors or victims is yet to be explored to the full potential. State-of-the-art literature often employ infrastructure dependent solutions, for example, WiFi localization using WiFi access points exploiting fingerprinting techniques, Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) starting from known locations, etc. Owing to unpredictable and dynamic nature of disaster affected environments, infrastructure dependent solutions are seldom useful. Therefore, in this study, we propose an ad hoc WiFi zonification technique (named as AWZone) that is independent of any infrastructural settings. AWZone attempts to perform localization through exploiting commodity smartphones as a beaconing device and successively searching and narrowing down the search space. We perform two testbed experiments. The results reveal that, for a single survivor or victim, AWZone can identify the search space and estimate a location with an approximate 1.5m localization error through eliminating incorrect zones from a set of possible results.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"74 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128977337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a new approach for improving efficiency and performance of language translation process by a translator. The goal of this research is to develop efficient translation system for any language through enhancing existing approaches of language translation. In reality, it requires huge amount of time and resources to cover all the languages as all the languages possess numerous words having multiple meanings and also have sentences having multiple grammatical structures while expressing the same meaning. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to perform right semantic analysis. In this paper, we focus on efficient semantic analysis. We demonstrate efficiency of our approach through experimentation covering Bengali and English translation.
{"title":"Polygot: Going Beyond Database Driven and Syntax-based Translation","authors":"Md. Adnanul Islam, A. Islam","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006637","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new approach for improving efficiency and performance of language translation process by a translator. The goal of this research is to develop efficient translation system for any language through enhancing existing approaches of language translation. In reality, it requires huge amount of time and resources to cover all the languages as all the languages possess numerous words having multiple meanings and also have sentences having multiple grammatical structures while expressing the same meaning. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to perform right semantic analysis. In this paper, we focus on efficient semantic analysis. We demonstrate efficiency of our approach through experimentation covering Bengali and English translation.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130520723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tusher Chakraborty, T. Khan, Mahmuda Naznin, Chowdhury Sayeed Hyder, A. Islam
Air pollution is a serious threat to public health. The city residents often spend significant time in public transports owing to long traffic tailbacks. So, the air quality inside public transports is an important factor that needs to be considered for the welfare of city residents. In this paper, we study the air quality inside public transports in a metropolitan city from the perspective of a developing country. To capture the diversity of city life, we consider the variation in traffic pattern and public transports, and analyze the data in temporal and spatial domain. Our custom-built sensing module collects data at regular intervals and detects the presence of pollutants above recommendation level. Our temporal analysis shows that concentration of air pollutants inside different public transports do not remain consistent in peak and off-peak hours. Our analysis also reveals that public transports with lower fares are more exposed to air pollutants than those with higher fares.
{"title":"What We Breathe As We Commute: From the Perspective of a Developing Country","authors":"Tusher Chakraborty, T. Khan, Mahmuda Naznin, Chowdhury Sayeed Hyder, A. Islam","doi":"10.1145/3001913.3006628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3001913.3006628","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is a serious threat to public health. The city residents often spend significant time in public transports owing to long traffic tailbacks. So, the air quality inside public transports is an important factor that needs to be considered for the welfare of city residents. In this paper, we study the air quality inside public transports in a metropolitan city from the perspective of a developing country. To capture the diversity of city life, we consider the variation in traffic pattern and public transports, and analyze the data in temporal and spatial domain. Our custom-built sensing module collects data at regular intervals and detects the presence of pollutants above recommendation level. Our temporal analysis shows that concentration of air pollutants inside different public transports do not remain consistent in peak and off-peak hours. Our analysis also reveals that public transports with lower fares are more exposed to air pollutants than those with higher fares.","PeriodicalId":204042,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125674828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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