Preventive Nutrition and Food Science最新文献

Endometrial cancer, the most common gynecologic malignancy, originates within the epithelial lining of the uterus. Although early diagnosis can lead to effective treatment and improved recovery rates, the worldwide incidence and mortality rates of this cancer continue to rise. The prognosis is particularly poor in cases of metastatic or recurrent disease. Tangeretin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, is known for its various biological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. It has demonstrated anticancer effects against a range of cancers, including bladder, colorectal carcinoma, and breast cancer. However, its effects on endometrial cancer cells have not been previously examined. Here, we investigate the effects of tangeretin on cell viability, proliferation, migration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and apoptosis in Ishikawa cells, a well-characterized epithelial model used in endometrial research. Our results show that tangeretin treatment significantly inhibits the viability and proliferation of Ishikawa cells. In addition, it suppresses cell migration, as evidenced by wound healing assays. The 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay revealed that tangeretin enhances ROS generation. Moreover, an annexin V/propidium iodide assay confirmed that tangeretin induces apoptotic death in Ishikawa cells. The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein was analyzed to validate the induction of apoptosis. These findings suggest that tangeretin exhibits anticancer effects on endometrial cancer cells by inhibiting proliferation and migration while promoting apoptosis.

Curcuminoids from turmeric exhibit beneficial health effects. However, their practical application is limited because of poor stability and solubility. The present study investigated the effects of propylene glycol (PG), a common food additive, on the chemical properties, photostability, and antioxidant activity of turmeric oleoresin (TO). PG significantly improved the solubility and dispersion stability in aqueous solutions (P<0.05). PG at 20%－30% concentration effectively prevented pigment sedimentation and maintained pigment integrity similar to organic solvents. PG also improved the photostability of TO in a concentration-dependent manner, extending its half-life under irradiation with fluorescent light (FL) and blue light-emitting diode. The results of high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that TO stored with PG in the dark or under FL irradiation had significantly higher retention of individual curcuminoids (P<0.05). In addition, PG conferred a concentration-dependent protective effect on the antioxidant properties of TO, increasing its reducing power in aqueous solutions. These findings suggest that incorporating optimal levels of PG can extend the shelf life of and preserve the quality of curcuminoid-containing products.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely utilized in various fermented food products and possess a Generally Recognized as Safe status. LAB produce exopolysaccharides (EPS), which are one of the components of postbiotics. Studies on EPS from LAB have attracted considerable interest because of their potential biological functions and associated health benefits, including hypoglycemic and antioxidant functions. However, there is still a lack of reviews that summarize available studies regarding the relationship between EPS characteristics and hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to identify the characteristics of EPS that influence its hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Twenty-seven articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus, which reported the sources of EPS-producing LAB, fermentation media, and conditions, as well as their EPS yields, molecular weights (MWs), and monosaccharide components, were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and whole literature screening. The MWs of EPS ranged from 10.75 to 9,549 kDa and from 2.4 to 9,549 kDa based on hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity assays, respectively. Generally, glucose and mannose were found in almost all EPS that were produced. This study indicated that MW and monosaccharide components influence hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities (in vitro). Further investigations with more comprehensive supporting data are needed to understand how all related factors influence EPS bioactivity.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of coriander seed supplementation on serum lipid profiles, glycemic indices, and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In total, 40 such patients aged 30－60 years were allocated into two groups receiving either coriander seed powder (1,000 mg/d, n=20) or placebo (1,000 mg/d, n=20) for 6 weeks. Serum lipid profile: total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs); anthropometric measurements; dietary intake; and biochemical parameters including fasting blood serum (FBS), serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and malondialdehyde (MDA); and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed before and after supplementation. Coriander seed powder markedly reduced the FBS (156.15±23.19 to 130.30±21.15 mg/dL), serum insulin (17.72±0.47 to 17.12±0.76 µU/mL), HOMA-IR (6.82±0.95 to 5.52±0.99), TC (183.85±55.68 to 145.20±31.36 mg/dL), TG (152.50±37.59 to 130.40±27.96 mg/dL), LDL-C (127.35±23.45 to 111.40±25.71 mg/dL), and MDA (1.65±0.15 to 1.49±0.15 nmol/mL). However, the serum TAC significantly increased (1.93±0.12 to 1.97±0.09 mmol/L) (P<0.05). Anthropometric measurements did not differ remarkably between groups. Post-dose significant inter-group differences in FBS, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA, and TAC levels were identified after adjusting for baseline values (P<0.05). This study demonstrated that coriander seed supplementation positively improved glycemic indices, lipid profile, and oxidative stress status in patients with T2DM, suggesting its potential as a useful complementary treatment for managing this condition.

Integrating andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) and kuweni (Mangifera odorata) into a functional powdered beverage provides a novel method for maximizing the bioactive potential of these indigenous ingredients. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and safety of powdered beverages formulated using varying proportions of andaliman and kuweni: F1 (25% andaliman:75% kuweni), F2 (50% andaliman:50% kuweni), and F3 (75% andaliman:25% kuweni). The results showed that the solubility (95.04% in F1 to 97.74% in F3) and pH (3.74 in F1 to 4.21 in F3) increased with higher andaliman proportions. The total flavonoid content ranged from 21.18 mg/g (F1) to 25.06 mg/g (F3), whereas the antioxidant activity (expressed as IC₅₀) ranged from 114.14 ppm (F1) to 88.20 ppm (F3), demonstrating a strong antioxidant potential. All formulations met the Indonesian National Standard for traditional powdered beverages, ensuring microbial safety and the absence of heavy metals. Our findings highlight the potential of andaliman and kuweni as key ingredients in the innovation of functional beverages, contributing to health-promoting products and the valorization of North Sumatra's food heritage.

Diet-derived nitrite can benefit cardiovascular function. However, the effects of nitrite supplementation on idiopathic intracerebral hemorrhage (spontaneous ICH) are unclear. This study, therefore, investigated the impacts of chronic nitrite supplementation on the survival rate and risk for spontaneous ICH in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive/Izumo strain (SHRSP/Izm) rats fed with a high-salt diet. Experimental study I-six-week-old male rats were categorized into two groups: (1) SHRSP+salt, in which rats were administered saline drinking water, and (2) SHRSP+salt+nitrite, in which rats were administered nitrite-added saline drinking water for 14 weeks each. The survival curves during this period did not vary significantly between the groups. However, nitrite administration markedly reduced the incidence of ICH and the extent of cerebral hemorrhage. Experimental study II-the impacts of nitrite supplementation on blood pressure in salt-loaded 8-week-old male SHRSP/Izm rats were evaluated for >4 weeks. During the first week, systolic blood pressure was remarkably lower in the nitrite group than in the control (without nitrite feeding). Similarly, at week 4, cardiac mass and brain mass were significantly lower. In conclusion, nitrite treatment reduced the extent of cerebral hemorrhage caused by hypertension and administration of a high-salt diet.

In this study, a novel antimicrobial bilayer film was developed to enhance the shelf-life of raw meat and poultry. The film comprised a fish skin gelatin bottom layer with excellent water absorption capacity and a pullulan top layer incorporating lauric arginate and/or nisin Z, which are both Generally Recognized as Safe antimicrobials. The film's antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Brochothrix thermosphacta on inoculated chicken breast and sirloin beef. Compared with a commercial absorbent pad, the bilayer film incorporating antimicrobials (bilayer film containing nisin Z and lauric arginate, NiLF) demonstrated the most significant antimicrobial activity (P<0.05). This film reduced P. aeruginosa populations on chicken breast and sirloin beef by 2.51 and 3.40 log₁₀ CFU/cm², respectively, by day 21 of refrigerated storage. Notably, it also eliminated B. thermosphacta from chicken breast and sirloin beef within 14 and 7 days, respectively. The bilayer film containing nisin Z was more effective against B. thermosphacta (3.06 and 5.12 log₁₀ CFU/cm² reduction on chicken breast and sirloin beef, respectively), whereas the bilayer film containing lauric arginat better inhibited P. aeruginosa (1.64 and 2.75 log₁₀ CFU/cm² reduction on chicken breast and sirloin beef, respectively). By contrast, the commercial absorbent pad showed minimal to no inhibition of either bacterium. Sensory evaluation further demonstrated that the bilayer NiLF consistently achieved the highest scores (P<0.05) across all sensory attributes for chicken and beef. This innovative approach offers a promising alternative to conventional absorbent-pad-based meat preservation methods, potentially improving food safety, reducing food waste, and minimizing environmental impact.

Drying is commonly used to extend the shelf life and use of herbal leaves, such as Alstonia scholaris (pulai) leaves. However, it can lead to the degradation of heat-sensitive antioxidant compounds. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the changes in the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant capacity of pulai leaf tea prepared from fresh and dried leaves following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion in order to predict the biofunctional changes of the leaves before and after drying. The results showed that dried pulai leaf tea (DPLT) had lower antioxidant capacity than fresh pulai leaf tea (FPLT) prior to digestion. This was supported by a corresponding decrease in the TPC and TFC of dried samples. After gastric digestion, FPLT and DPLT exhibited reductions in antioxidant capacity, TPC, and TFC. Interestingly, these values increased following the intestinal phase of digestion. The bioaccessibility index after gastrointestinal digestion, TPC, and antioxidant capacity [as measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays] were higher in FPLT than in DPLT. The results of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry showed that flavonoids were the dominant class of antioxidant compounds prior to digestion, different from those after digestion wherein substantial levels of antioxidant organic acids and amino acids were present.

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) peptides derived from food sources have been extensively researched. These peptides can be derived during the germination process. This study investigated the ACE-I activity of lamtoro gung seeds during the germination process. This work used in vitro and in silico methodologies to address the research issues. Lamtoro gung seeds were germinated for 120 h. The sprouts exhibiting the highest ACE-I activity were assessed for low-molecular-weight (LMW) peptide content and molecular distribution. Subsequently, the peptide sequence of the peptide fraction with a 1－3.5 kDa molecular weight range was characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The peptide sequence with the highest support vector machine score was chosen for molecular docking simulation to examine the interaction between peptides and ACE. The sample germinated for 48 h had the highest ACE-I activity (70.62%) as confirmed by the increased amount of LMW peptides (<1 and 1－3.5 kDa). Forty peptide sequences with ACE-I activity were identified in the <1 to 3.5 kDa fractions. Two peptide sequences (VEIKVTVK and KNEVAINELK) were predicted to interact with the active site of ACE according to molecular docking simulations. This research suggests that germination could serve as an alternative method for producing functional food substances that act as antihypertensive agents.

SPB-201, a water extract of Artemisia annua L., was investigated for its gastroprotective effects against hydrochloric acid/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats and oxidative stress-induced damage in gastric cell models, with a focus on the mechanisms underlying its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with SPB-201 (50 mg/kg) showed significantly reduced gastric lesion areas, improved histological architecture, modestly decreased gastric acid secretion, and increased gastric pH compared to non-treated controls. SPB-201 significantly restored antioxidant capacity by elevating glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase levels while reducing malondialdehyde levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation. SPB-201 also suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase, indicating anti-inflammatory effects. Most notably, SPB-201 reduced the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit, thereby preventing NF-κB activation. In human gastric adenocarcinoma cells, SPB-201 improved cell viability and upregulated the expression of key antioxidant genes, including heme oxygenase-1, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic, and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunits. In LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, SPB-201 significantly reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β (IL1β), and IL6. The findings demonstrated that SPB-201 enhances GSH-dependent antioxidant defenses and attenuates oxidative stress-induced inflammation, thereby protecting gastric mucosal integrity. SPB-201 might serve as a promising natural therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of gastric mucosal injuries associated with oxidative damage, such as gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.