T. Tsuda, Yohei Maeda, M. Hayama, K. Takeda, H. Inohara
Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is a subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) that is characterized by eosinophilic nasal polyposis. Because several types of cells play a role in pathogenesis, ECRS is a heterogenous disease. To identify each cell function is important for the individualization of therapy. The eosinophil is a granulocyte that contain eosinophil granule proteins (EGPs). EGPs have antiparasitic activity, on the other hand, closely related allergic inflammation due to its cytotoxicity. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) is one of the eosinophil granule proteins. In this study, we evaluated the function of EDN in ECRS pathogenesis. Serum EDN levels were significantly higher in patients with ECRS than in those with other nasal and paranasal diseases and were positively correlated with clinical disease activity. EDN expressed in the eosinophils of ECRS nasal polyps. Human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs) were stimulated with EDN, and the resultant changes in gene expression were detected by RNA sequencing. Pathway analysis revealed that the major canonical pathway affected by EDN stimulation was “regulation of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway”; the only gene in this pathway to be up-regulated was matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). EDN may be involved in the pathogenesis of ECRS and also be an important therapeutic target.
{"title":"Analysis of eosinophil granule proteins in ECRS","authors":"T. Tsuda, Yohei Maeda, M. Hayama, K. Takeda, H. Inohara","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.37.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.37.223","url":null,"abstract":"Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is a subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) that is characterized by eosinophilic nasal polyposis. Because several types of cells play a role in pathogenesis, ECRS is a heterogenous disease. To identify each cell function is important for the individualization of therapy. The eosinophil is a granulocyte that contain eosinophil granule proteins (EGPs). EGPs have antiparasitic activity, on the other hand, closely related allergic inflammation due to its cytotoxicity. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) is one of the eosinophil granule proteins. In this study, we evaluated the function of EDN in ECRS pathogenesis. Serum EDN levels were significantly higher in patients with ECRS than in those with other nasal and paranasal diseases and were positively correlated with clinical disease activity. EDN expressed in the eosinophils of ECRS nasal polyps. Human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs) were stimulated with EDN, and the resultant changes in gene expression were detected by RNA sequencing. Pathway analysis revealed that the major canonical pathway affected by EDN stimulation was “regulation of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway”; the only gene in this pathway to be up-regulated was matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). EDN may be involved in the pathogenesis of ECRS and also be an important therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127718594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epstein-Barr virus infection and expression of Activation-induced cytidine deaminase/Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide 3 in adenoids and palatine tonsils","authors":"Noriko Seishima, S. Kondo, T. Yoshizaki","doi":"10.5648/JJIAO.37.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/JJIAO.37.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121370173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"第6回日本耳鼻咽喉科免疫アレルギー学会奨励賞","authors":"","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.38.s51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.38.s51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115315877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"第3回日本耳鼻咽喉科免疫アレルギー学会奨励賞","authors":"","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.38.s46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.38.s46","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124780073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case study of allergic fungal rhinosinuses in which only specific IgE antibody against Schizophyllum commune was detected","authors":"Natsuki Inoue, M. Yoshikawa","doi":"10.5648/JJIAO.37.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/JJIAO.37.21","url":null,"abstract":"大気中に浮遊している胞子や菌糸断片を吸入することで アレルギー性気道疾患を来すことはよく知られている。上 気道疾患であるアレルギー性真菌性鼻副鼻腔炎(allergic fungal rhinosinusitis: AFRS) は, 吸入した真菌が副鼻腔に定 着したのちに非浸潤性に増殖し,真菌に対する I型・III型 のアレルギー反応や T細胞応答などにより病態が形成され ると考えられている。原因真菌の特定が困難なことから詳 細な報告は乏しいが,AFRSの多いインドではアスペルギ ルスが最多であるとの報告がある。最近では, インドで もスエヒロタケ(Schizophyllum commune)の報告も散見さ れるようになり,本邦でも同様の報告が増加している。 しかし,保険診療下ではスエヒロタケ(Schizophyllum commune)に対する特異的 IgE抗体を測定することができ ないのが現状である。 今回,当院で内視鏡下鼻内副鼻腔手術(endoscopic sinus surgery: ESS) を施行したAFRS患者のうち,術前に検査を 行った各種真菌特異的 IgE抗体(アスペルギルス, アルテ ルナリア,カンジダ,クラドスポリウム)はすべて陰性で あったが,術後にスエヒロタケ (Schizophyllum commune) 特異的 IgE抗体が陽性であることが判明し,手術時に採取 した好酸球性ムチンの培養検査からもスエヒロタケが検出 された 2症例を経験したので報告する。","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125207877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"免疫アレルギー学会の沿革","authors":"","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.38.s2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.38.s2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121975826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basic & Clinical Conference","authors":"","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.37.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.37.37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130026208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
过敏性鼻炎的症状是“打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻塞”，这是我们比较熟悉的疾病。作为季节性过敏性鼻炎的代表的杉树花粉症，包括小儿在内的各个年龄层都患有，近年来患者急速增加已成为日本的社会问题之一。根据我们的调查，在20—40岁左右的成年人中，对杉树花粉的血清特异性IgE约有60%呈阳性。过敏性鼻炎是识别度高，治疗药物选择也比较容易的疾病，如果鼻子症状不能通过治疗得到有效控制，就会影响学业、劳动生产率、睡眠质量等“生活质量”。杉树花粉飞散的2月到4月是迎接考试和新年度的时期，对于杉树花粉症耳鼻喉科医生的作用很大。由过敏性鼻炎产生的症状，除了鼻子症状以外，喉头症状也被承认，不过，关于那个机制和治疗不明确的地方也很多。对于“咳嗽”“咳痰”“声音嘶哑”“喉咙痒”“喉咙痛”等症状，日本过敏性鼻炎标准QOL调查表(Japan rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire)JRQLQ)中也有记载，作为对患者生活质量和治疗效果的评价项目非常重要。喉头症状，在日常诊疗中，不仅是耳鼻喉科，也是普通门诊就诊频率高的主诉之一。这些症状有时也会在小儿身上被认可，是由什么疾病引起的(特应性还是非特应性)，怎样的治疗是合适的，很多临床医生都有过这样的烦恼。杉树花粉症时期是耳鼻喉科门诊就诊的患者增多的时期，有必要倾听患者的各种症状，采取正确的措施。我们以137名杉树花粉症患者为对象，研究了杉树花粉症伴随的喉头症状是否与鼻部症状有关，以及使用组胺H1受体拮抗剂会产生怎样的症状变化。杉树花粉飞散前开始使用白三烯受体拮抗剂montelcasto，鼻部症状JRQLQ No1，喉部症状JRQLQ No2项眼睛、喉咙痛、咳嗽、有痰、声音嘶哑、喉咙痒、喉咙痛等项目的总和。TPLSS)进行了计算和验证。杉花粉飞散高峰时期鼻症状的Visual 2020年1月8日收稿别册请求地址:意元义政茂910-1104福井县吉田郡永平寺町松冈下合月23-3福井大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科·头颈外科学电话:0776-61-8407,FAX: 776-61-8118邮箱:yimoto@u-fukui.ac.jp抗组胺对因花粉症引起的喉部过敏症状的效果
{"title":"The beneficial effect of anti-histamine pharyngo-laryngeal symptoms related to Japanese cedar pollinosis","authors":"Y. Imoto, T. Takabayashi, M. Sakashita, Y. Kato, Taiyo Morikawa, Takahiro Ninomiya, Masayuki Okamoto, N. Narita, S. Fujieda","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.38.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.38.21","url":null,"abstract":"アレルギー性鼻炎は “くしゃみ, 鼻汁, 鼻づまり” という 症状で容易に連想できる比較的なじみのある疾患である。 季節性アレルギー性鼻炎の代表であるスギ花粉症は,小児 を含めた幅広い年齢層が罹患していることや,近年急速に 患者が増加していることが本邦における社会問題の一つと なっている。我々が行った調査により,スギ花粉に対す る血清特異的 IgEは 20–40歳代の成人において約 60%が陽 性を示していることがわかった。アレルギー性鼻炎は認 知度が高く,治療薬の選択も比較的容易な疾患であるが, 鼻症状が治療により十分に制御されないと学業の低下,労 働生産性の悪化,睡眠の質の低下といった “生活の質” に 影響を与えてしまう。スギ花粉が飛散する 2月から 4月 は受験や新年度を迎える時期であり,スギ花粉症に対する 耳鼻咽喉科医の役割は大きい。 アレルギー性鼻炎により生じる症状には,鼻症状以外に も咽喉頭症状を認めることが知られているが,そのメカニ ズムや治療については不明瞭な点も多い。「せきがでる」 「痰がでる」「声がかれる」「のどがかゆい」「のどが痛い」 といった症状については, 日本アレルギー性鼻炎標準QOL 調査票(Japan rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire: JRQLQ) にも記載されており,患者の生活の質や,治療効 果に対する評価項目として重要である。咽喉頭症状は,日 常の診療において耳鼻咽喉科だけでなく一般外来を受診 する頻度の高い主訴の一つである。これらの症状は小児で も認められることもあり,どの疾患により生じているのか (アトピー性か非アトピー性か),どのような治療が適切で あるかの判断に悩む経験をしている臨床医も多いと思われ る。スギ花粉症の時期は耳鼻咽喉科の外来を受診する患者 が多くなる時期であるが,患者の多彩な症状に耳を傾け, 的確な対処を行う必要がある。 我々はスギ花粉症に伴う咽喉頭症状が鼻症状と関連が あるか,そしてヒスタミンH1受容体拮抗薬の投与でどの ような症状の変化が生じるかについて,スギ花粉症患者 137名を対象に検討した。スギ花粉飛散前からロイコトリ エン受容体拮抗薬であるモンテルカストを投与し,鼻症状 については JRQLQ No1で,咽喉頭症状は JRQLQ No2の項 目のうち,のどがぜいぜいする,せきがでる,痰が出る, 声がかれる,のどがかゆい,喉が痛いという項目の合計ス コア (total pharyngo-laryngeal symptom scores: TPLSS) を算 出し検証した。スギ花粉飛散ピーク時期に鼻症状のVisual 2020年 1月 8日受稿 別冊請求先:意元義政 〒910-1104 福井県吉田郡永平寺町松岡下合月 23-3 福井大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科・頭頸部外科学 TEL: 0776-61-8407,FAX: 776-61-8118 E-mail: yimoto@u-fukui.ac.jp スギ花粉症に伴う咽喉頭症症状に対する抗ヒスタミンの効果","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132388366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kota Takemoto, S. Takeno, Atsuko Ohtani, Daisuke Takahara, Manabu Nishida, T. Ishino
Measurement of factional exhaled NO (FeNO) and nasal NO has the potential to be useful for diagnosis and assessment in paranasal sinus infection. NO production is regulated by activities of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and bioavailability of L-arginine as a substrate. We consider measuring FeNO can be a valid marker to differentiate chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) phenotypes based on distinct difference in arginase and NOS isoform activities. Although previous studies have reported that nasal NO levels generally decreased in CRS patients, the usefulness of NO measurement remains controversial. We found that eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) patients showed higher oral FeNO levels compared to non-ECRS patients. The increased FeNO levels in the ECRS patients are possibly related with augmented inducible NOS (NOS2) expression and airway eosinophilia. In addition, the role of endothelial NOS (NOS3) in nasal polyp formation has been proposed. NOS3 expression was found to be in glands, epithelial and vascular endothelial cells, the positive staining of which accounting for secretion and vascular dilatation. NOS2 gene expression is predominantly transcriptionally regulated. The existence of NOS2 promoter gene polymorphisms may influence CRS pathophysiology as shown in asthmatic patients. As for NOS3, several stimuli have been shown to initiate or enhance the enzyme activity and consequently the NO production both in calcium-dependent and -independent manners. The post-translational modification such as phosphorylation also influences eNOS activities. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the deeper role of the NOS isoforms in the pathogenesis of CRS phenotypes.
{"title":"Perspective of the regulatory and functional roles of nasal nitric oxide in chronic rhinosinusitis","authors":"Kota Takemoto, S. Takeno, Atsuko Ohtani, Daisuke Takahara, Manabu Nishida, T. Ishino","doi":"10.5648/jjiao.37.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5648/jjiao.37.233","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of factional exhaled NO (FeNO) and nasal NO has the potential to be useful for diagnosis and assessment in paranasal sinus infection. NO production is regulated by activities of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and bioavailability of L-arginine as a substrate. We consider measuring FeNO can be a valid marker to differentiate chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) phenotypes based on distinct difference in arginase and NOS isoform activities. Although previous studies have reported that nasal NO levels generally decreased in CRS patients, the usefulness of NO measurement remains controversial. We found that eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) patients showed higher oral FeNO levels compared to non-ECRS patients. The increased FeNO levels in the ECRS patients are possibly related with augmented inducible NOS (NOS2) expression and airway eosinophilia. In addition, the role of endothelial NOS (NOS3) in nasal polyp formation has been proposed. NOS3 expression was found to be in glands, epithelial and vascular endothelial cells, the positive staining of which accounting for secretion and vascular dilatation. NOS2 gene expression is predominantly transcriptionally regulated. The existence of NOS2 promoter gene polymorphisms may influence CRS pathophysiology as shown in asthmatic patients. As for NOS3, several stimuli have been shown to initiate or enhance the enzyme activity and consequently the NO production both in calcium-dependent and -independent manners. The post-translational modification such as phosphorylation also influences eNOS activities. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the deeper role of the NOS isoforms in the pathogenesis of CRS phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":204414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japan Society of Immunology & Allergology in Otolaryngology","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114304258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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