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Conventional and Zero Trust Security Measures for Precision Agriculture Devices: the mySense’s VineInspector Case-study 精准农业设备的传统和零信任安全措施:mySense的VineInspector案例研究
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.118
Luís Carvalho , Telmo Adão , Raul Morais , António Rio Costa , Emanuel Peres
Precision Agriculture (PA) systems, crucial for modern farming, heavily rely on data gathered from various sensors often connected through an Internet of Things (IoT)-based environment, wherein cybersecurity challenges must not be neglected. To address such challenges, this paper explores conventional security approaches and Zero Trust (ZT) principles oriented to PA. To that end, a practical case-study focusing a precision viticulture device known as VineInspector is assessed in terms of susceptibilities, encompassing unauthorized physical access, manipulation of sensor readings, and tampering of data communication. As a result of that assessment, a set of recommendations are provided to ensure integrity, confidentiality, and availability of agricultural data, with applicability to PA devices operating in conditions similar to the one considered for the referred case-study.
精准农业(PA)系统对现代农业至关重要,它严重依赖于从各种传感器收集的数据,这些传感器通常通过基于物联网(IoT)的环境连接,其中网络安全挑战不容忽视。为了应对这些挑战,本文探讨了传统的安全方法和面向PA的零信任(ZT)原则。为此,本文对一个名为VineInspector的精确葡萄栽培设备进行了实际案例研究,对其敏感性进行了评估,包括未经授权的物理访问、对传感器读数的操纵和对数据通信的篡改。作为评估的结果,提供了一组建议,以确保农业数据的完整性、保密性和可用性,并适用于在与所述案例研究相似的条件下运行的PA设备。
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引用次数: 0
Research Insights on the Ethical Aspects of AI-Based Smart Learning Environments: Review on the Confluence of Academic Enterprises and AI 基于人工智能的智能学习环境伦理问题的研究洞察——学术企业与人工智能融合述评
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.122
Sini Raj Pulari , Shomona Gracia Jacob
Dramatic progress in the use of AI for the design of smart learning systems has undoubtedly enhanced the professional competence of students across the globe. However, the sudden access to unlimited autonomy has posed unprecedented risks to moral and ethical practices in educational standards that far outweigh the rewards. In this research, the authors attempt to present a succinct review on the ethical implications of employing artificial intelligence in classroom education both from the educator and the student’s perspective. Summarizing the loopholes in establishing strong ethical practices by virtue of AI leverage, especially in the realm of education is of utmost importance. The findings of this study revealed two main spheres of educational transformation that need to be addressed in smart academic enterprises: (a) automated review generation based on student and evaluator scores (b)infallible system to ensure adherence to ethical practices during assessments.
人工智能在智能学习系统设计中的应用取得了巨大进展,无疑提高了全球学生的专业能力。然而,突然获得无限自主权对教育标准中的道德和伦理实践造成了前所未有的风险,而风险远远大于回报。在这项研究中,作者试图从教育者和学生的角度对在课堂教育中使用人工智能的伦理含义进行简要的回顾。总结利用人工智能建立强有力的道德实践的漏洞,特别是在教育领域,是至关重要的。本研究的发现揭示了智能学术企业需要解决的教育转型的两个主要领域:(a)基于学生和评估者分数的自动审查生成(b)确保在评估过程中遵守道德实践的可靠系统。
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引用次数: 0
From Many to One: A Case Study of Cooperative Enterprise Systems in B2B Digital Platform Creation 从多到一:B2B数字平台创建中的合作企业系统案例研究
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.089
Jaakko Vuolasto, Kari Smolander
Enterprise systems are complex solutions to diverse needs of companies, but their extent does not typically span firm boundaries. Instead, there are different ways to handle inter-organizational IT requirements, including digital platforms that have established their position in the recent years. Despite the significance of enterprise systems for the companies and the growing interest in business-to-business digital platforms, the relationship of the two remains largely unexplored. Our qualitative case study utilizing grounded theory analysis portrays the trajectory from multiple enterprise systems into a new B2B platform. We show how shared problem space powers an intentional and clearly defined change, leading to a co-existence of the enterprise systems and the digital platform, and an alignment of interests between the stakeholders. This relationship of the platform and enterprise systems is more balanced than the one-way dependency presented in the literature, where the complementing systems are subject to the platform core.
企业系统是满足公司不同需求的复杂解决方案,但其范围通常不会跨越公司边界。相反,有不同的方法来处理组织间的IT需求,包括近年来已经确立了地位的数字平台。尽管企业系统对企业的重要性和企业对企业数字平台日益增长的兴趣,但两者的关系在很大程度上仍未被探索。我们的定性案例研究利用基础理论分析描绘了从多个企业系统到一个新的B2B平台的轨迹。我们展示了共享的问题空间如何推动有意的和明确定义的变更,从而导致企业系统和数字平台的共存,以及涉众之间的利益一致。平台和企业系统的这种关系比文献中提出的单向依赖更为平衡,在这种关系中,互补的系统服从于平台核心。
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引用次数: 0
The Design of Self-Paced Learning for Structured Learning Environments 结构化学习环境中自定进度学习的设计
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.097
Kurt Englmeier
This paper addresses self-paced learning within digital courses, focusing on instructional design paradigms to cater to the needs of individual learners. Through content structuring and leveraging large language models (LLMs), digital learning platforms can provide learners with a clear understanding of the subject matter while enabling flexible learning. However, challenges arise in measuring and managing learners’ study efforts and cognitive loads effectively. Strategies such as setting minimum reading times, recommending study breaks, and assigning individual Learning Complexity Indices (LCIs) help optimize the learning experience. The paper also explores the role of metacognition in self-regulated learning, emphasizing learners’ responsibility in managing their learning processes. Despite advancements in digital learning environments, challenges persist in supporting learners with diverse backgrounds and abilities, especially in chat-based learning settings. Examples from the prototypical implementation of a learning platform demonstrate how personalized learning experiences can be enhanced through data-driven insights and tailored recommendations.
本文讨论了数字课程中的自定进度学习,重点是教学设计范例,以满足个体学习者的需求。通过内容结构化和利用大型语言模型(llm),数字学习平台可以为学习者提供对主题的清晰理解,同时实现灵活的学习。然而,在有效地测量和管理学习者的学习努力和认知负荷方面出现了挑战。设定最小阅读时间、建议学习休息时间、分配个人学习复杂性指数(LCIs)等策略有助于优化学习体验。本文还探讨了元认知在自我调节学习中的作用,强调学习者在管理学习过程中的责任。尽管数字学习环境取得了进步,但在支持不同背景和能力的学习者方面仍然存在挑战,特别是在基于聊天的学习环境中。来自学习平台原型实现的示例演示了如何通过数据驱动的见解和量身定制的建议来增强个性化学习体验。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of information systems for the long-term reuse of data in humanities research 在人文研究中实现数据的长期重用的信息系统
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.099
Thomas Asselborn , Ralf Möller , Sylvia Melzer
In today’s rapidly evolving business landscape, organizations are increasingly reliant on enterprise information systems (EIS) to effectively manage and utilize their data. These EIS often require significant investment in terms of resources, expertise and infrastructure to develop and maintain. However, the benefits of EIS extend beyond large enterprises, and the principles underlying the approach proposed in this article can be of great benefit to organizations of all sizes, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We present a novel approach to build individual information systems with low resources and low overhead, focusing on the long-term reuse of data using humanities research as an example. Although the context is specific to the humanities domain, the underlying concepts and technologies can be easily adapted and applied to the EIS domain and offer several benefits for organizations seeking to optimize their data management and collaboration practices.
在当今快速发展的商业环境中,组织越来越依赖于企业信息系统(EIS)来有效地管理和利用他们的数据。这些环境影响报告书通常需要在资源、专业知识和基础设施方面进行大量投资,以发展和维护。然而,环境信息系统的好处超出了大型企业,本文中提出的方法的基本原则对各种规模的组织都有很大的好处,包括中小型企业(SMEs)。本文以人文学科研究为例,提出了一种构建低资源、低开销的个性化信息系统的新方法,重点关注数据的长期重用。尽管上下文特定于人文学科领域,但底层概念和技术可以很容易地适应并应用于EIS领域,并为寻求优化其数据管理和协作实践的组织提供一些好处。
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引用次数: 0
WhatsApp as an improvisation of health information systems in Southern African public hospitals: A socio-technical perspective WhatsApp作为南非公立医院卫生信息系统的即兴创作:社会技术视角
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.182
Meke Kapepo , Jean-Paul Van Belle , Edda Weimann
Digital health interventions, particularly electronic referrals (e-referrals) and health information systems, have revolutionised clinical workflows in public hospitals by automating processes. However, the utilization of e-referrals has yielded mixed outcomes, with varying levels of success in organisational processes. This paper explores improvisation of health information systems in Southern African public hospitals from a socio-technical perspective. In particular, the paper explains the design-reality gaps giving rise to improvisations of mandated health information systems in order to understand their occurrence and impact on referral outcomes. We employed the design-reality framework and the Process framework for Healthcare Information System Workarounds and Impacts to explain the socio-technical issues related to the phenomenon of interest. We conducted semi-interviews with 31 respondents from health organisations as case studies. Respondents from two public hospitals in South Africa and two in Namibia were interviewed to examine how they devised improvisations to various health information systems in each setting. The findings indicated that use of WhatsApp in the absence of mandated health information systems (HIS) or improvisation of existing HIS was reported to be advantageous for healthcare practitioners (HCPs), leading to improved efficiency and productivity in the execution of referral activities. Additionally, HCPs reported positive outcomes for health organisations related to continual professional development in the given settings. The findings further show a relationship between design-reality gaps and improvisations enacted by HCPs in both case studies. The observed gaps are related to poor management systems and structures, lack of HCPs’ involvement in the roll-out of HIS and inadequacies of existing HIS to support referral tasks. These study findings can be insightful and useful to system developers and other stakeholders for devising measures to address the gaps. Improvisations and use of WhatsApp for healthcare service delivery present opportunities for innovation and process improvements for health organisations.
数字卫生干预措施,特别是电子转诊(e-referral)和卫生信息系统,通过流程自动化彻底改变了公立医院的临床工作流程。然而,利用电子转诊产生了不同的结果,在组织过程中取得了不同程度的成功。本文从社会技术的角度探讨了南非公立医院的卫生信息系统的即兴创作。特别是,本文解释了设计与现实之间的差距,这些差距导致了强制性卫生信息系统的即兴发挥,以便了解其发生情况及其对转诊结果的影响。我们采用设计-现实框架和医疗保健信息系统解决方案和影响的过程框架来解释与感兴趣现象相关的社会技术问题。我们对来自卫生组织的31名受访者进行了半访谈作为案例研究。对来自南非两家公立医院和纳米比亚两家公立医院的受访者进行了访谈,以检查他们如何在每种情况下为各种卫生信息系统设计临时方案。研究结果表明,在缺乏强制性卫生信息系统(HIS)或现有HIS的临时使用WhatsApp对医疗从业人员(HCPs)有利,从而提高了转诊活动的执行效率和生产力。此外,卫生保健专业人员报告了与特定环境中持续专业发展相关的卫生组织的积极结果。研究结果进一步表明,在这两个案例研究中,设计-现实差距和HCPs的即兴发挥之间存在关系。所观察到的差距与管理系统和结构不良、卫生专业人员缺乏参与卫生保健系统的推广以及现有卫生保健系统不足以支持转诊任务有关。这些研究结果对于系统开发人员和其他利益相关者设计解决差距的措施是有见地的和有用的。即兴创作和使用WhatsApp提供医疗保健服务为医疗机构的创新和流程改进提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
A Dashboard for the Visualisation of Areas of Collaboration Analytics 协作分析领域可视化仪表板
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.131
Martin Just, Petra Schubert
In this paper, we present the ArCA Dashboard, a tool for the analysis of collaborative work carried out in Enterprise Collaboration Systems. The dashboard is organised around the Areas of Collaboration Analytics suggested by the ArCA Framework. ArCA is a classification scheme, which was developed from an in-depth literature review of studies on the use of Enterprise Social Systems. We use the event, content and organisational data from a large operational Enterprise Collaboration System as a case example to illustrate the use of the dashboard. The literature contains a large number of highly specialised studies that use data sets only once and only show the situation in the user organisation at a given point in time. It was our aim to develop a tool that could provide longitudinal Business Intelligence on the use of Enterprise Collaboration Systems and allows researchers and user organisations to monitor and study changes in the digital support of collaborative work over time.
在本文中,我们介绍了 ArCA 仪表板,这是一种用于分析企业协作系统中开展的协作工作的工具。该仪表盘围绕 ArCA 框架提出的协作分析领域进行组织。ArCA 是一种分类方案,是在对企业社交系统使用情况的研究进行深入文献回顾后开发出来的。我们以一个大型运营企业协作系统中的事件、内容和组织数据为例,说明仪表板的使用。文献中包含大量高度专业化的研究,这些研究只使用一次数据集,只显示用户组织在特定时间点的情况。我们的目标是开发一种工具,提供有关企业协作系统使用情况的纵向商业智能,使研究人员和用户组织能够监测和研究协作工作的数字支持随时间推移而发生的变化。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Smart Home Technology on Insurance Claims: Insights for Information Systems 智能家居技术对保险索赔的影响:信息系统的见解
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.137
Ole Morten Sahlin Joneid , Jefferson Seide Molléri
This study examines the impact of smart home security systems on property insurance claims. By analyzing insurance contract and claim case records from an insurance company, the research aims to identify correlations between the adoption of these technologies and the frequency and extent of burglary and property damage claims. Expert interviews highlight practical implications and strategies for integrating SHS into insurance products. The findings could influence insurance industry practices and the integration of these systems to enhance home security.
本研究探讨了智能家居安全系统对财产保险索赔的影响。通过分析保险公司的保险合同和索赔案例记录,本研究旨在确定这些技术的采用与入室盗窃和财产损失索赔的频率和程度之间的相关性。专家访谈强调了将SHS整合到保险产品中的实际意义和策略。研究结果可能会影响保险业的实践和这些系统的整合,以提高家庭安全。
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引用次数: 0
Analyses of pandemics’ quantitative data and economic indicators 流行病定量数据和经济指标分析
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.150
Kathleen Carvalho , Luis Paulo Reis , João Paulo Teixeira
The proposed work is a study that attempts to evaluate the financial impacts of pandemic mitigation strategies in order to be part of a central model that forecasts different scenarios in pandemic situations considering the impact of mitigation procedures in the Economic System and Healthcare System. Economic fluctuations impose a more significant challenge on prediction models, and pandemic modeling methodologies are primarily concerned with the variability of epidemic features, the efficiency of control measures over time, and the development of different viral variants. In this context, this paper correlates economic indicators with quantitative parameters of the last three respiratory virus pandemics, specifically the GDP and the unemployment rates, with a sample encompassing three European countries, the United Kingdom (UK), France, and Germany, that pass through the pandemics under study. The results provide intriguing information, such as the moderated and weak correlation factor between deaths with GDP in the Spanish flu and Swine flu, and the WWI and the 2009 crises can explain which. On the other hand, the correlation factors associated with COVID-19 show a weak to moderate correlation parameter with GDP and unemployment rates but present interesting numbers when the number of people fully vaccinated is compared with GDP. Also, as the correlation factor does not presente a strong relation between daily deaths and GDP, this indicates a necessity for comparison with other economic parameters.
拟议的工作是一项研究,试图评估大流行病缓解战略的财务影响,以便成为一个中心模型的一部分,该模型考虑到缓解程序对经济系统和医疗保健系统的影响,预测大流行病情况下的不同情景。经济波动对预测模型提出了更大的挑战,而大流行病建模方法主要关注流行病特征的可变性、控制措施随时间推移的效率以及不同病毒变种的发展。在此背景下,本文将经济指标与最近三次呼吸道病毒大流行的定量参数(特别是国内生产总值和失业率)相关联,样本包括英国、法国和德国这三个欧洲国家,它们都经历了所研究的大流行。研究结果提供了一些耐人寻味的信息,如西班牙流感和猪流感中死亡人数与国内生产总值之间的相关系数缓和且较弱,一战和 2009 年危机可以解释其中的原因。另一方面,与 COVID-19 相关的相关系数显示出与国内生产总值和失业率的弱中度相关参数,但当完全接种疫苗的人数与国内生产总值相比时,却呈现出有趣的数字。此外,由于相关系数在每日死亡人数和国内生产总值之间没有显示出很强的关系,这表明有必要与其他经济参数进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
The digital transformation of government. A bibliometric study and research agenda 政府的数字化转型。文献计量学研究和研究议程
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2025.02.160
Cameron Guthrie , Samuel Fosso-Wamba
The professional and scholarly interest in digital government has been rapidly growing and fragmenting over the past three decades. This article presents a bibliometric analysis of the academic literature to improve our understanding of the evolution and current state of the field. The analysis covers 19525 published journal and conference papers identified using the Scopus database. We first describe the evolution of the field, before conducting a performance analysis of the corpus using Bibliometrix software. The most influential works, authors, sources, institutions, and countries within the field are ranked. An examination of the conceptual structure revealed seven themes in the extant literature, confirming its fragmented nature. We conclude by highlighting potential opportunities for future research.
在过去的三十年里,专业和学术对数字政府的兴趣一直在迅速增长和分裂。本文对学术文献进行了文献计量学分析,以提高我们对该领域的演变和现状的理解。该分析涵盖了使用Scopus数据库确定的19525篇已发表的期刊和会议论文。在使用Bibliometrix软件对语料库进行性能分析之前,我们首先描述了该领域的发展。对该领域最具影响力的作品、作者、来源、机构和国家进行排名。对概念结构的考察揭示了现存文献中的七个主题,证实了其碎片化的本质。最后,我们强调了未来研究的潜在机会。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Procedia Computer Science
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