The post-medieval cemetery site Drawsko 1 located in western Poland has yielded several unusual burials with anti-vampire mortuary treatments. There are many possible reasons why these individuals received atypical mortuary treatment, including health problems such as birth defects, disease, and violent injuries. A sample of approximately 300 adult individuals (>18 years) from Drawsko 1, including five “vampire” burials, was analyzed for the presence of various health-related conditions, such as traumatic injuries, infectious disease, stress markers, and dietary deficiency. The deviant and normative burials were compared for the prevalence of each specific condition. Results (Fisher’s exact, p<0.05) suggest that based on these indicators, health-related conditions do not account for the atypical treatment of the “vampire” burials. Instead, deviancy was likely culturally defined and mediated rather than biologically determined.
{"title":"Does Health Define Deviancy?","authors":"Tracy K Betsinger, A. Scott","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.21","url":null,"abstract":"The post-medieval cemetery site Drawsko 1 located in western Poland has yielded several unusual burials with anti-vampire mortuary treatments. There are many possible reasons why these individuals received atypical mortuary treatment, including health problems such as birth defects, disease, and violent injuries. A sample of approximately 300 adult individuals (>18 years) from Drawsko 1, including five “vampire” burials, was analyzed for the presence of various health-related conditions, such as traumatic injuries, infectious disease, stress markers, and dietary deficiency. The deviant and normative burials were compared for the prevalence of each specific condition. Results (Fisher’s exact, p<0.05) suggest that based on these indicators, health-related conditions do not account for the atypical treatment of the “vampire” burials. Instead, deviancy was likely culturally defined and mediated rather than biologically determined.","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122355162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"List of Figures","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121491362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The island of Sicily is home to a large number of spontaneously mummified remains, dating from the 16th to 19th centuries CE, most of which are located in the renowned Capuchin Catacombs of Palermo, where the oldest mummy is buried (Brother Silvestro da Gubbio, who died in 1599). These remains represent unique evidence of deviant practices within the South of Italy, as the large majority of remains was interred in communal graves, cemeteries, or burials within religious buildings. Only a selection of the local population, mainly formed by members of the aristocracy, middle class citizens, and the clergy, underwent a complex treatment that included dehydration of the corpses, cleaning, and filling of the cavities with either animal or vegetal matter, and eventually clothing and exposure in either a wall niche or a coffin. Since 2007, the Sicily Mummy Project has aimed to scientifically investigate this important biocultural heritage and understand local mummification practices. This study sheds new light on mortuary customs and funeral variability in the region and contextualizes and interprets this treatment of the dead through comparisons with the anthropological and sociological literature.
西西里岛有大量自发制成木乃伊的遗骸，可以追溯到公元16世纪到19世纪，其中大部分位于巴勒莫著名的Capuchin Catacombs，那里埋葬着最古老的木乃伊(兄弟Silvestro da Gubbio，死于1599年)。这些遗骸代表了意大利南部异常行为的独特证据，因为大部分遗骸被埋葬在公共坟墓、墓地或宗教建筑内的墓地里。只有经过挑选的当地居民，主要由贵族、中产阶级公民和神职人员组成，才会接受复杂的处理，包括脱水、清洗、用动物或植物物质填充空洞，最后穿上衣服，暴露在壁龛或棺材里。自2007年以来，西西里木乃伊项目旨在科学调查这一重要的生物文化遗产，并了解当地的木乃伊制作方法。本研究揭示了该地区的殡葬习俗和丧葬变化，并通过与人类学和社会学文献的比较，将这种对待死者的方式置于语境中并加以解释。
{"title":"Natural Mummification as a Non-Normative Mortuary Custom of Modern Period Sicily (1600–1800)","authors":"D. Piombino‐Mascali, K. Nystrom","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.23","url":null,"abstract":"The island of Sicily is home to a large number of spontaneously mummified remains, dating from the 16th to 19th centuries CE, most of which are located in the renowned Capuchin Catacombs of Palermo, where the oldest mummy is buried (Brother Silvestro da Gubbio, who died in 1599). These remains represent unique evidence of deviant practices within the South of Italy, as the large majority of remains was interred in communal graves, cemeteries, or burials within religious buildings. Only a selection of the local population, mainly formed by members of the aristocracy, middle class citizens, and the clergy, underwent a complex treatment that included dehydration of the corpses, cleaning, and filling of the cavities with either animal or vegetal matter, and eventually clothing and exposure in either a wall niche or a coffin. Since 2007, the Sicily Mummy Project has aimed to scientifically investigate this important biocultural heritage and understand local mummification practices. This study sheds new light on mortuary customs and funeral variability in the region and contextualizes and interprets this treatment of the dead through comparisons with the anthropological and sociological literature.","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122641436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter describes a multiple burial on a house floor in an early Ancestral Pueblo Village in Southwestern Colorado. A survey of contemporary burials in Pueblo I (AD 700–900) villages reveals that house burials from this period are not common, but neither are they unique or uniform. Tracking thirty years of interpretation of this burial points to the importance of fine-grained contextual taphonomy, and suggests that we expand the scope of what is considered to be normative burial and body position. The changing archaeological interpretation of this Mesa Verde Region burial highlights the place of mortuary treatment in the evolving narrative of the political and social history of large early villages.
{"title":"Interpreting a Multiple Burial in an Early Ancestral Pueblo Village","authors":"Ann L. W. Stodder","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.10","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes a multiple burial on a house floor in an early Ancestral Pueblo Village in Southwestern Colorado. A survey of contemporary burials in Pueblo I (AD 700–900) villages reveals that house burials from this period are not common, but neither are they unique or uniform. Tracking thirty years of interpretation of this burial points to the importance of fine-grained contextual taphonomy, and suggests that we expand the scope of what is considered to be normative burial and body position. The changing archaeological interpretation of this Mesa Verde Region burial highlights the place of mortuary treatment in the evolving narrative of the political and social history of large early villages.","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127316462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bodies among Fragments:","authors":"J. Cerezo-Román","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129649622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Series Foreword","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115254575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Müller‐Scheeßel, Carola Berszin, G. Grupe, Annette Schwentke, Anja Staskiewicz, T. Tütken, J. Wahl
{"title":"What Is the Norm?","authors":"N. Müller‐Scheeßel, Carola Berszin, G. Grupe, Annette Schwentke, Anja Staskiewicz, T. Tütken, J. Wahl","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3552-7_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3552-7_7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125489460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Afterword","authors":"Andrew Reynolds","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121151675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wvr.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204666,"journal":{"name":"The Odd, the Unusual, and the Strange","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126871977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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