Bingyao Tan, Jacqueline Chua, A. B. Veluchamy, B. Mani, A. Chan, L. Schmetterer
Choriocapillaris is a unique vascular plexus located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. In the recent years, there is an increasing interest to investigate choriocapillaris alteration and progression of eye diseases and aging, using the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). However, standardized algorithm for analysis has not been developed. Herein, we present non-invasive, in-vivo, high-resolution images of the non-human primates’ choriocapillaris using OCTA. Images were acquired with a prototype swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA) system with 100kHz A-scan/s rate, over regions of 3×3 mm2 and 12×12 mm2. The non-perfusion area, also called flow voids, were segmented with an intensity damped, illuminance-compensated algorithm. The optimized quantification of the choriocapillaris flow voids may have applications in a wide array of eye diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and visualization of choriocapillaris in animal models could aid future studies on choroid involvement in models of eye disease.
绒毛膜毛细血管是位于视网膜色素上皮后的独特血管丛。近年来，人们对利用光学相干断层扫描血管造影(OCTA)研究眼病和衰老过程中绒毛膜的改变和进展越来越感兴趣。然而，标准化的分析算法尚未形成。在此，我们使用OCTA展示了非人类灵长类动物的绒毛毛细血管的非侵入性，活体，高分辨率图像。图像是通过一个原型扫描源OCTA (SS-OCTA)系统获得的，扫描速率为100kHz a -scan/s，扫描区域为3×3 mm2和12×12 mm2。用强度阻尼、照度补偿算法对非灌注区(也称为流腔)进行分割。绒毛膜毛细血管流动空洞的优化定量可能在包括老年性黄斑变性(AMD)在内的一系列眼病中有广泛的应用，绒毛膜毛细血管动物模型的可视化可以帮助未来研究眼病模型中绒毛膜的参与。
{"title":"Quantitative analysis of choriocapillaris in non-human primates using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Bingyao Tan, Jacqueline Chua, A. B. Veluchamy, B. Mani, A. Chan, L. Schmetterer","doi":"10.1117/12.2508708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508708","url":null,"abstract":"Choriocapillaris is a unique vascular plexus located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. In the recent years, there is an increasing interest to investigate choriocapillaris alteration and progression of eye diseases and aging, using the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). However, standardized algorithm for analysis has not been developed. Herein, we present non-invasive, in-vivo, high-resolution images of the non-human primates’ choriocapillaris using OCTA. Images were acquired with a prototype swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA) system with 100kHz A-scan/s rate, over regions of 3×3 mm2 and 12×12 mm2. The non-perfusion area, also called flow voids, were segmented with an intensity damped, illuminance-compensated algorithm. The optimized quantification of the choriocapillaris flow voids may have applications in a wide array of eye diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and visualization of choriocapillaris in animal models could aid future studies on choroid involvement in models of eye disease.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"85 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113992672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Li, O. Carrasco-Zevallos, Moseph Jackson-Atogi, M. Draelos, C. Viehland, B. Keller, R. McNabb, A. Kuo, J. Izatt
High speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems with A-scan rates greater than 100 kHz allow for 4D visualizations in applications such as intraoperative OCT. However, traditional triangle or sawtooth waveforms used to drive galvanometer scanners often have frequency content that exceeds the bandwidth of the scanners, leading to distorted scans. Sinusoidal waveforms used to drive resonant scanners also lead to distorted scans due to the nonlinear scan velocity. Additionally, with raster scan patterns, the scanner needs time to stop and reverse direction in between B-scans, leading to significant acquisition dead time. Continuous scan patterns such as constant frequency spiral scanning or Lissajous scanning no longer have acquisition dead times, but suffer from non-uniform sampling across the imaging plane. We previously introduced constant linear velocity (CLV) spiral scanning as a novel scan pattern to maximize the data acquisition efficiency of high speed OCT systems. While this continuous scan pattern has no acquisition dead time and produces more uniform sampling compared to raster scanning, it required significant processing time. We introduce a processing pipeline implemented using CUDA in C++, which drastically reduces the amount of processing time needed, allowing real time visualization of 4D OCT data. To demonstrate its potential utility, we used CLV scanning with a 100 kHz swept-source OCT system to image retinas of enucleated porcine eyes undergoing mock ophthalmic surgery movements. Additionally, we rendered these volumes in virtual reality (VR) in real time, allowing for interactive manipulation and sectioning.
{"title":"Constant linear velocity spiral scanning for real time 4D OCT with visualization in virtual reality (Conference Presentation)","authors":"J. Li, O. Carrasco-Zevallos, Moseph Jackson-Atogi, M. Draelos, C. Viehland, B. Keller, R. McNabb, A. Kuo, J. Izatt","doi":"10.1117/12.2510352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2510352","url":null,"abstract":"High speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems with A-scan rates greater than 100 kHz allow for 4D visualizations in applications such as intraoperative OCT. However, traditional triangle or sawtooth waveforms used to drive galvanometer scanners often have frequency content that exceeds the bandwidth of the scanners, leading to distorted scans. Sinusoidal waveforms used to drive resonant scanners also lead to distorted scans due to the nonlinear scan velocity. Additionally, with raster scan patterns, the scanner needs time to stop and reverse direction in between B-scans, leading to significant acquisition dead time. Continuous scan patterns such as constant frequency spiral scanning or Lissajous scanning no longer have acquisition dead times, but suffer from non-uniform sampling across the imaging plane. We previously introduced constant linear velocity (CLV) spiral scanning as a novel scan pattern to maximize the data acquisition efficiency of high speed OCT systems. While this continuous scan pattern has no acquisition dead time and produces more uniform sampling compared to raster scanning, it required significant processing time. We introduce a processing pipeline implemented using CUDA in C++, which drastically reduces the amount of processing time needed, allowing real time visualization of 4D OCT data. To demonstrate its potential utility, we used CLV scanning with a 100 kHz swept-source OCT system to image retinas of enucleated porcine eyes undergoing mock ophthalmic surgery movements. Additionally, we rendered these volumes in virtual reality (VR) in real time, allowing for interactive manipulation and sectioning.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124718175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Laforest, Mathieu Künzi, D. Carpentras, L. Kowalczuk, F. Behar-Cohen, C. Moser
Purpose: Retinal diseases are the major cause of blindness in industrialized countries. A forecast reported that an estimated number of 196 million people will be affected by age related macular degeneration by 2020. While tremendous effort is made to develop novel therapeutic strategies to rescue retinal neurons and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), optimal means to evaluate the effects of such treatments and diagnose the disease are still missing. Methods: We developed an imaging modality, called transscleral optical phase imaging (TOPI), which is able to resolve the individual human RPE cells in-vivo with the help of adaptive optics. The technology is based on oblique flood illumination and provides cellular resolution. The resulting 16 Hz-imaging speed, 5.7° × 5.7° field of view system allows for the visualization and the quantification of RPE cells within 2 seconds. Thanks to the approval from the ethic committee (CER-VD N°2017-00976), we conducted a study on 7 healthy human participants, with different skin pigmentations, 3 men and 4 women having an average age of 26 years. In all subjects, the RPE cell layer could be imaged and cell density could be quantified. Results: We show the RPE density and area analysis for 7 healthy subjects. The results of the analyses show comparable values to those found in the literature. Conclusion: The results of the study on healthy subjects demonstrate that TOPI is able to image and quantify in-vivo the human RPE cells, within a time frame of a few seconds (typically 2 seconds). The next step is to transfer the technique into a clinical environment.
{"title":"A study on human subjects with transscleral optical phase imaging (TOPI) (Conference Presentation)","authors":"T. Laforest, Mathieu Künzi, D. Carpentras, L. Kowalczuk, F. Behar-Cohen, C. Moser","doi":"10.1117/12.2509888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509888","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Retinal diseases are the major cause of blindness in industrialized countries. A forecast reported that an estimated number of 196 million people will be affected by age related macular degeneration by 2020. While tremendous effort is made to develop novel therapeutic strategies to rescue retinal neurons and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), optimal means to evaluate the effects of such treatments and diagnose the disease are still missing.\u0000\u0000Methods: We developed an imaging modality, called transscleral optical phase imaging (TOPI), which is able to resolve the individual human RPE cells in-vivo with the help of adaptive optics. The technology is based on oblique flood illumination and provides cellular resolution. The resulting 16 Hz-imaging speed, 5.7° × 5.7° field of view system allows for the visualization and the quantification of RPE cells within 2 seconds. Thanks to the approval from the ethic committee (CER-VD N°2017-00976), we conducted a study on 7 healthy human participants, with different skin pigmentations, 3 men and 4 women having an average age of 26 years. In all subjects, the RPE cell layer could be imaged and cell density could be quantified.\u0000\u0000Results: We show the RPE density and area analysis for 7 healthy subjects. The results of the analyses show comparable values to those found in the literature.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The results of the study on healthy subjects demonstrate that TOPI is able to image and quantify in-vivo the human RPE cells, within a time frame of a few seconds (typically 2 seconds). The next step is to transfer the technique into a clinical environment.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127814489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreas Wartak, Florian Beer, Sylvia Desissaire, B. Baumann, M. Pircher, C. Hitzenberger
Spontaneous retinal venous pulsations (SRVP) describe rhythmic caliber oscillations of one or multiple major retinal veins at the site of the optic nerve head (ONH). This phenomenon is reported to possibly enable non-invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) assessment besides its potential significance for major ocular diseases such as glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy. In this work, we illustrate the advantages of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for investigation of SRVP. Using conventional intensity based OCT as well as the functional extension Doppler OCT (DOCT), the pulsatile changes in venous vessel caliber are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Single-channel and double-channel line scanning protocols of our time-encoded multi-channel OCT prototype are employed to investigate venous caliber oscillations as well as venous flow pulsatility in the eyes of healthy volunteers. A comparison to recordings of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy – a standard en-face imaging modality for evaluation of SRVP – is provided, emphasizing the advantages of tomographic image acquisition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative time-resolved investigation of SRVP and associated retinal perfusion characteristics using OCT.
{"title":"Doppler optical coherence tomography for investigation of spontaneous retinal venous pulsation (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Andreas Wartak, Florian Beer, Sylvia Desissaire, B. Baumann, M. Pircher, C. Hitzenberger","doi":"10.1117/12.2507869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507869","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous retinal venous pulsations (SRVP) describe rhythmic caliber oscillations of one or multiple major retinal veins at the site of the optic nerve head (ONH). This phenomenon is reported to possibly enable non-invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) assessment besides its potential significance for major ocular diseases such as glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy. In this work, we illustrate the advantages of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for investigation of SRVP. Using conventional intensity based OCT as well as the functional extension Doppler OCT (DOCT), the pulsatile changes in venous vessel caliber are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Single-channel and double-channel line scanning protocols of our time-encoded multi-channel OCT prototype are employed to investigate venous caliber oscillations as well as venous flow pulsatility in the eyes of healthy volunteers. A comparison to recordings of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy – a standard en-face imaging modality for evaluation of SRVP – is provided, emphasizing the advantages of tomographic image acquisition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative time-resolved investigation of SRVP and associated retinal perfusion characteristics using OCT.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128759957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingwei Zhang, Marcel T. Bernucci, S. Chong, V. Srinivasan
The inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the retina comprises extremely thin sublaminae with connections between bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and ganglion cells. So far, observations of IPL lamination in near-infrared Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images have been anecdotal. Visible light OCT theoretically provides higher axial resolution than near-infrared OCT for a given wavelength bandwidth. Imaging of the human retina with ultrahigh resolution visible light OCT and longitudinal chromatic aberration correction was recently shown, with a focus on the outer retina. Here, we demonstrate in vivo imaging of lamination in the inner plexiform layer using achromatized visible light Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). To further improve the achievable axial resolution and contrast, we incorporate a grating light valve spatial light modulator (GLV-SLM) spectral shaping stage into our setup. The GLV-SLM rapidly and dynamically shapes the source spectrum to either reduce sidelobes in the axial point spread function, improve axial resolution by reducing the width of the axial point spread function, or switch between red light alignment mode and white light acquisition mode. In vivo retinal OCT images acquired from human subjects show that the IPL consists of 3 hyper-reflective bands and 2 hypo-reflective bands, corresponding well with the standard anatomical division of the IPL into 5 layers. Strategies to improve contrast of the subtle bands representing the IPL sublaminae are investigated. Possible explanations for the ability of visible light OCT to visualize IPL sublaminae, based only on backscattering or backreflection contrast, and implications for glaucoma progression monitoring, are discussed.
{"title":"In vivo imaging of inner plexiform layer lamination with visible light OCT (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Tingwei Zhang, Marcel T. Bernucci, S. Chong, V. Srinivasan","doi":"10.1117/12.2511033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2511033","url":null,"abstract":"The inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the retina comprises extremely thin sublaminae with connections between bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and ganglion cells. So far, observations of IPL lamination in near-infrared Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images have been anecdotal. Visible light OCT theoretically provides higher axial resolution than near-infrared OCT for a given wavelength bandwidth. Imaging of the human retina with ultrahigh resolution visible light OCT and longitudinal chromatic aberration correction was recently shown, with a focus on the outer retina. Here, we demonstrate in vivo imaging of lamination in the inner plexiform layer using achromatized visible light Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). To further improve the achievable axial resolution and contrast, we incorporate a grating light valve spatial light modulator (GLV-SLM) spectral shaping stage into our setup. The GLV-SLM rapidly and dynamically shapes the source spectrum to either reduce sidelobes in the axial point spread function, improve axial resolution by reducing the width of the axial point spread function, or switch between red light alignment mode and white light acquisition mode. In vivo retinal OCT images acquired from human subjects show that the IPL consists of 3 hyper-reflective bands and 2 hypo-reflective bands, corresponding well with the standard anatomical division of the IPL into 5 layers. Strategies to improve contrast of the subtle bands representing the IPL sublaminae are investigated. Possible explanations for the ability of visible light OCT to visualize IPL sublaminae, based only on backscattering or backreflection contrast, and implications for glaucoma progression monitoring, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126139365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Merkle, Marco Augustin, V. Srinivasan, G. Garhöfer, B. Baumann
Leaky vasculature is a key feature in a number of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age related macular degeneration and is commonly associated with neovascularization. Currently, the only way to identify leaky vasculature is through fluorescence angiography, which lacks depth resolution and the ability to precisely localize leaky vessels. Here we present the first 4D tracking of leaky vasculature in a mouse model of sub-retinal neovascularization using contrast-enhanced OCT. A very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor kockout mouse model was imaged with OCT angiography at multiple time points following intravenous injection of Intralipid 20%, an OCT contrast agent. Compared to healthy vessels, leaky vessels appeared to become broader over time. By fitting a model to mean intensity projection profiles, the apparent width of the vessels was quantified as an indicator of leakage. A clear trend of increased leakage following the injection of contrast was observed in vessels that derive from retinal lesions. This finding was likely caused by the infiltration of Intralipid particles into the surrounding retinal tissue. Intralipid is an ideal OCT contrast agent as it is FDA approved for human use as an intravenous nutritional supplement and is highly scattering, which makes it a strong candidate for future clinical translation. To summarize, we have demonstrated 4D tracking of individual leaky vessels for the first time using contrast-enhanced OCT in a mouse model of neovascularization. This technique improves upon the capabilities of fluorescence angiography and may help pave the way for clinical translation of contrast-enhanced OCT methods for enhanced diagnostic specificity.
{"title":"4D imaging of vascular leakage by contrast-enhanced OCT (Conference Presentation)","authors":"C. Merkle, Marco Augustin, V. Srinivasan, G. Garhöfer, B. Baumann","doi":"10.1117/12.2510344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2510344","url":null,"abstract":"Leaky vasculature is a key feature in a number of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age related macular degeneration and is commonly associated with neovascularization. Currently, the only way to identify leaky vasculature is through fluorescence angiography, which lacks depth resolution and the ability to precisely localize leaky vessels. Here we present the first 4D tracking of leaky vasculature in a mouse model of sub-retinal neovascularization using contrast-enhanced OCT. A very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor kockout mouse model was imaged with OCT angiography at multiple time points following intravenous injection of Intralipid 20%, an OCT contrast agent. Compared to healthy vessels, leaky vessels appeared to become broader over time. By fitting a model to mean intensity projection profiles, the apparent width of the vessels was quantified as an indicator of leakage. A clear trend of increased leakage following the injection of contrast was observed in vessels that derive from retinal lesions. This finding was likely caused by the infiltration of Intralipid particles into the surrounding retinal tissue. Intralipid is an ideal OCT contrast agent as it is FDA approved for human use as an intravenous nutritional supplement and is highly scattering, which makes it a strong candidate for future clinical translation. To summarize, we have demonstrated 4D tracking of individual leaky vessels for the first time using contrast-enhanced OCT in a mouse model of neovascularization. This technique improves upon the capabilities of fluorescence angiography and may help pave the way for clinical translation of contrast-enhanced OCT methods for enhanced diagnostic specificity.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115642013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Rotenstreich, Inbal Sharvit-Ginon, M. Beeri, R. Ravona-Springer, I. Fabian, Ofira Zloto, A. Weller, I. Sher
Purpose: To identify early retinal biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) using multimodal imaging. Methods: Infra-red (IR) and multicolor fundus imaging and spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed in 108 offspring of AD patients (FH+) and 44 age-matched controls (FH-). All subjects were tested for cognitive function by executive function and episodic memory tests. MRI brain imaging was performed on a 3T MRI. Results: In FH+ subjects, lower performance in memory was associated with thicker peri-papillary temporal-superior RNFL (r=-0.220; p=.016). In FH- subjects, the correlation was in the opposite direction (r=0.335; p=.013). In FH+, left Hippocampal volume was associated with larger total macular thickness (r=0.212; p=.028), as well as thicker macular RNFL (r=0.216; p=.025), macular GCL (r=0.221; p=.022), and macular IPL (r=0.285, p=.003). Similar results were found in the right eye. Conclusions: The thickness of inner retinal layers and peripapillary RNFL are associated with cognitive functioning and hippocampal volume in asymptomatic subjects at high risk for AD and may present novel biomarkers for very early detection of AD.
{"title":"Retinal multimodal imaging for identification of novel biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Y. Rotenstreich, Inbal Sharvit-Ginon, M. Beeri, R. Ravona-Springer, I. Fabian, Ofira Zloto, A. Weller, I. Sher","doi":"10.1117/12.2509262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509262","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To identify early retinal biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) using multimodal imaging.\u0000Methods: Infra-red (IR) and multicolor fundus imaging and spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed in 108 offspring of AD patients (FH+) and 44 age-matched controls (FH-). All subjects were tested for cognitive function by executive function and episodic memory tests. MRI brain imaging was performed on a 3T MRI.\u0000Results: In FH+ subjects, lower performance in memory was associated with thicker peri-papillary temporal-superior RNFL (r=-0.220; p=.016). In FH- subjects, the correlation was in the opposite direction (r=0.335; p=.013). In FH+, left Hippocampal volume was associated with larger total macular thickness (r=0.212; p=.028), as well as thicker macular RNFL (r=0.216; p=.025), macular GCL (r=0.221; p=.022), and macular IPL (r=0.285, p=.003). Similar results were found in the right eye.\u0000Conclusions: The thickness of inner retinal layers and peripapillary RNFL are associated with cognitive functioning and hippocampal volume in asymptomatic subjects at high risk for AD and may present novel biomarkers for very early detection of AD.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125937275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Salas, L. Ginner, Marco Augustin, Sylvia Desissaire, Antonia Lichtenegger, M. Niederleithner, Lorenz Wassermann, U. Schmidt-Erfurth, T. Schmoll, W. Drexler, M. Pircher, R. Leitgeb
{"title":"Imaging the human retina using 1060 nm akinetic swept source optical coherence tomography angiography with hardware and digital adaptive optics (Conference Presentation)","authors":"M. Salas, L. Ginner, Marco Augustin, Sylvia Desissaire, Antonia Lichtenegger, M. Niederleithner, Lorenz Wassermann, U. Schmidt-Erfurth, T. Schmoll, W. Drexler, M. Pircher, R. Leitgeb","doi":"10.1117/12.2508388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123344833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Wilson, J. Mazzaferri, É. Bergeron, S. Patskovsky, Paule Marcoux-Valiquette, S. Costantino, P. Sapieha, M. Meunier
There is a current void in efficient, cell-specific, retinal drug delivery systems, thus developing a safe, effective, selective drug delivery system would open novel therapeutic avenues. We previously demonstrated that femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation can selectively transfect DNA plasmids into cultured cells in the presence of functionalised gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (1). Here, we sought out to selectively optoporate retinal cells in vivo with functionalized AuNPs and a 800nm fs laser. The cell-surface Kv1.1 voltage-gated channel was chosen to target retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the rat retina. The eyes of anesthetized rats were placed in the beam path of an optical system consisting of a fs laser and an ophthalmoscope for fundus visualization. Following Kv1.1-AuNP and FITC-dextran intravitreal injection and incubation, irradiation resulted in FITC uptake by retinal cells. In addition, similar experiments with Cy3-siRNA clearly show that the technique can effectively deliver siRNA into RGCs. Importantly, neither AuNP intravitreal injection nor irradiation resulted in RGC death, as determined by RBPMS quantification 1 week following AuNP injection and/or irradiation. Since living biological tissues absorb energy very weakly at 800nm, this non-invasive tool may provide a safe, cost effective approach to selectively target retinal cells and limit complications associated with surgical interventions, and potential biological hazards associated with viral-based gene therapy. In addition, given the extensive use of lasers in ophthalmic practice, our proposed technology may be seamlessly inserted to current clinical setups. (1) E. Bergeron et al, Nanoscale, 7, 17836 (2015).
{"title":"In vivo laser targeted gene therapy of retina ganglion cells (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. Wilson, J. Mazzaferri, É. Bergeron, S. Patskovsky, Paule Marcoux-Valiquette, S. Costantino, P. Sapieha, M. Meunier","doi":"10.1117/12.2509870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509870","url":null,"abstract":"There is a current void in efficient, cell-specific, retinal drug delivery systems, thus developing a safe, effective, selective drug delivery system would open novel therapeutic avenues. We previously demonstrated that femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation can selectively transfect DNA plasmids into cultured cells in the presence of functionalised gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (1). Here, we sought out to selectively optoporate retinal cells in vivo with functionalized AuNPs and a 800nm fs laser. The cell-surface Kv1.1 voltage-gated channel was chosen to target retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the rat retina. The eyes of anesthetized rats were placed in the beam path of an optical system consisting of a fs laser and an ophthalmoscope for fundus visualization. Following Kv1.1-AuNP and FITC-dextran intravitreal injection and incubation, irradiation resulted in FITC uptake by retinal cells. In addition, similar experiments with Cy3-siRNA clearly show that the technique can effectively deliver siRNA into RGCs. Importantly, neither AuNP intravitreal injection nor irradiation resulted in RGC death, as determined by RBPMS quantification 1 week following AuNP injection and/or irradiation. Since living biological tissues absorb energy very weakly at 800nm, this non-invasive tool may provide a safe, cost effective approach to selectively target retinal cells and limit complications associated with surgical interventions, and potential biological hazards associated with viral-based gene therapy. In addition, given the extensive use of lasers in ophthalmic practice, our proposed technology may be seamlessly inserted to current clinical setups. (1) E. Bergeron et al, Nanoscale, 7, 17836 (2015).","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125256937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the recent development of advanced ophthalmic imaging techniques, volumetric fluorescence angiography (vFA) over a large field of view is still lacking. Fundus photography techniques have significant limitations due to the lack of 3D imaging capability. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and confocal SLO (cSLO) use confocal gating to remove diffused light, resulting in crisper image quality. However, the volumetric imaging of SLO requires to compile z stacks, which can be challenging and time-consuming. Adaptive optics SLO (AOSLO) allows diffraction-limited resolution in both axial and lateral resolution. This technique is limited however, by its small field of view (FOV) and also the necessity of z stacks for volumetric imaging. To fill the technical void of vFA over a large field of view (FOV), we developed a novel retinal imaging modality called oblique scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) for in vivo volumetric fluorescence retinal imaging. By using oblique illumination and detection, oSLO essentially allows “OCT-like” cross-sectional images contributed solely by the fluorescent contrast, without the need for z stacking. We will demonstrate 3D vFA over a 30˚x30˚ FOV in vivo in mouse retina. We will further report a high-speed oSLO in imaging capillary hemodynamics. The new capability allows the calculation of capillary hematocrit and blood speed in 3D, which can be potentially valuable in diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration.
{"title":"High speed volumetric fluorescein angiography in mouse retina by oblique scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Ji Yi, Weiye Song, Libo Zhou, M. Desai, S. Ness","doi":"10.1117/12.2510542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2510542","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the recent development of advanced ophthalmic imaging techniques, volumetric fluorescence angiography (vFA) over a large field of view is still lacking. Fundus photography techniques have significant limitations due to the lack of 3D imaging capability. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and confocal SLO (cSLO) use confocal gating to remove diffused light, resulting in crisper image quality. However, the volumetric imaging of SLO requires to compile z stacks, which can be challenging and time-consuming. Adaptive optics SLO (AOSLO) allows diffraction-limited resolution in both axial and lateral resolution. This technique is limited however, by its small field of view (FOV) and also the necessity of z stacks for volumetric imaging. To fill the technical void of vFA over a large field of view (FOV), we developed a novel retinal imaging modality called oblique scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (oSLO) for in vivo volumetric fluorescence retinal imaging. By using oblique illumination and detection, oSLO essentially allows “OCT-like” cross-sectional images contributed solely by the fluorescent contrast, without the need for z stacking. We will demonstrate 3D vFA over a 30˚x30˚ FOV in vivo in mouse retina. We will further report a high-speed oSLO in imaging capillary hemodynamics. The new capability allows the calculation of capillary hematocrit and blood speed in 3D, which can be potentially valuable in diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131682780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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