The Pascal Rol Lecture on Ophthalmic Technologies is presented by a leading researcher in ophthalmology with a strong interest and pioneering research contributions to the field of ophthalmic technologies. This invited lecture is intended to trigger further development of ophthalmic technologies by stimulating discussions between basic scientists, engineers, and clinicians. The 2019 lecture was supported by Johnson and Johnson Vision the
{"title":"Front Matter: Volume 10858","authors":"","doi":"10.1117/12.2531204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2531204","url":null,"abstract":"The Pascal Rol Lecture on Ophthalmic Technologies is presented by a leading researcher in ophthalmology with a strong interest and pioneering research contributions to the field of ophthalmic technologies. This invited lecture is intended to trigger further development of ophthalmic technologies by stimulating discussions between basic scientists, engineers, and clinicians. The 2019 lecture was supported by Johnson and Johnson Vision the","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116121176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ge Song, Sanghoon Kim, Michael Crose, Brian Cox, Evan T. Jelly, J. N. Ulrich, Adam Wax
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is currently recognized as the gold standard for identifying retinal structural abnormalities in ophthalmology. However, its availability is often limited to large eye centers and research labs due to its high cost and lack of portability. We present a low-cost, portable spectral-domain OCT system with a total cost of materials under $6,000. Compared to current commercial systems, our design offers 50% size reduction and over 80% cost reduction. Image acquisition interface is incorporated and displayed onto a mounted 7-inch touchscreen. Human retinal imaging is demonstrated, and performance is compared with a commercial OCT system. Based on contrast-to-noise ratio analysis, the low-cost OCT demonstrates comparable imaging capabilities.
{"title":"First clinical application of low cost portable OCT system (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Ge Song, Sanghoon Kim, Michael Crose, Brian Cox, Evan T. Jelly, J. N. Ulrich, Adam Wax","doi":"10.1117/12.2507936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507936","url":null,"abstract":"Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is currently recognized as the gold standard for identifying retinal structural abnormalities in ophthalmology. However, its availability is often limited to large eye centers and research labs due to its high cost and lack of portability. We present a low-cost, portable spectral-domain OCT system with a total cost of materials under $6,000. Compared to current commercial systems, our design offers 50% size reduction and over 80% cost reduction. Image acquisition interface is incorporated and displayed onto a mounted 7-inch touchscreen. Human retinal imaging is demonstrated, and performance is compared with a commercial OCT system. Based on contrast-to-noise ratio analysis, the low-cost OCT demonstrates comparable imaging capabilities.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127272263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siobhan Williams, M. Ruggeri, Bianca Maceo Heilman, Yu-Cherng Chang, Ashik Mohamed, G. Sravani, C. Rowaan, Alex Gonzalez, A. Ho, J. Parel, F. Manns
Anatomical changes of the growing crystalline lens influence its refractive development, including power and spherical aberration. We have recently developed a new instrument that characterizes both the optical and biometric properties of the lens in-vitro by merging Ray-Tracing Aberrometry (RTA) with three-dimensional OCT imaging. In this abstract, we describe the application of the RTA to the measurement of lens spherical aberration. Experiments were performed on 54 isolated human lenses (age: 0.25 to 56 years). The system was programmed to sequentially deliver the probing beam through the lens using a raster scan pattern of 13 × 13 transversal positions spaced 0.5 mm apart. Exit rays were imaged after exiting the tissue chamber at 9 different axial positions (ΔZ = 0 mm to 8 mm) in 1 mm intervals. A total of 1,521 spot images were acquired per lens. All data was automatically analyzed using custom software we developed in MATLAB. Exit ray slopes over a 6 mm pupil were used to determine Zernike wavefront coefficients up to the sixth order. The 4th order Zernike coefficient Z[4,0] was used to measure primary spherical aberration (SA). The results suggest that spherical aberration of the growing lens becomes more negative before adulthood and less negative after around age 30. The data is consistent with results from in-vivo studies that suggest the lens spherical aberration becomes less negative in older lenses (>30 years).
{"title":"Spherical aberration of the crystalline lens measured in-vitro using an LRT-OCT system (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Siobhan Williams, M. Ruggeri, Bianca Maceo Heilman, Yu-Cherng Chang, Ashik Mohamed, G. Sravani, C. Rowaan, Alex Gonzalez, A. Ho, J. Parel, F. Manns","doi":"10.1117/12.2508664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508664","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomical changes of the growing crystalline lens influence its refractive development, including power and spherical aberration. We have recently developed a new instrument that characterizes both the optical and biometric properties of the lens in-vitro by merging Ray-Tracing Aberrometry (RTA) with three-dimensional OCT imaging. In this abstract, we describe the application of the RTA to the measurement of lens spherical aberration.\u0000\u0000Experiments were performed on 54 isolated human lenses (age: 0.25 to 56 years). The system was programmed to sequentially deliver the probing beam through the lens using a raster scan pattern of 13 × 13 transversal positions spaced 0.5 mm apart. Exit rays were imaged after exiting the tissue chamber at 9 different axial positions (ΔZ = 0 mm to 8 mm) in 1 mm intervals. A total of 1,521 spot images were acquired per lens. All data was automatically analyzed using custom software we developed in MATLAB. Exit ray slopes over a 6 mm pupil were used to determine Zernike wavefront coefficients up to the sixth order. The 4th order Zernike coefficient Z[4,0] was used to measure primary spherical aberration (SA). The results suggest that spherical aberration of the growing lens becomes more negative before adulthood and less negative after around age 30. The data is consistent with results from in-vivo studies that suggest the lens spherical aberration becomes less negative in older lenses (>30 years).","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115844298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Viehland, Xi Chen, Du Tran-Viet, G. Waterman, Moseph Jackson-Atogi, C. Toth, J. Izatt
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an extension of OCTA that allows for non-invasive imaging of the retinal microvasculature. OCTA imaging of adult retinal diseases is area of active research in ophthalmology as OCTA can provide insight into the pathogenesis of many retinal diseases. Like these adult diseases, pediatric diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) have a primarily vascular pathogenesis. However, table top OCTA systems require compliant, seated subjects and cannot be used on infants and young children. In this manuscript we describe the development of a non-contact handheld OCTA (HH-OCTA) probe for imaging of young children and infants in the operating room. The probe utilizes a novel, diverging light on the scanner optical design that provides improved performance over a traditional OCT scanner design. While most handheld OCT probes are designed to be held by the side of the case or by a handle, our operators tend to prefer to grip probes by the tip of the probe for supine imagine. The ergonomics of the HH-OCTA probe were designed to match this grip. The HH-OCTA probe used a 200 kHz OCT engine, has a motorized stage that provides +10 to -10 D refractive error correction, and weighs 700g. Initial OCTA imaging was performed in 9 children or infants during exam under anesthesia. The HH-OCTA images provide visualization of the retinal microvasculature in both normal and pathological eyes.
{"title":"A novel ergonomic optical coherence tomography probe optimized for supine handheld angiography of young children and infants (Conference Presentation)","authors":"C. Viehland, Xi Chen, Du Tran-Viet, G. Waterman, Moseph Jackson-Atogi, C. Toth, J. Izatt","doi":"10.1117/12.2508034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508034","url":null,"abstract":"Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an extension of OCTA that allows for non-invasive imaging of the retinal microvasculature. OCTA imaging of adult retinal diseases is area of active research in ophthalmology as OCTA can provide insight into the pathogenesis of many retinal diseases. Like these adult diseases, pediatric diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) have a primarily vascular pathogenesis. However, table top OCTA systems require compliant, seated subjects and cannot be used on infants and young children. In this manuscript we describe the development of a non-contact handheld OCTA (HH-OCTA) probe for imaging of young children and infants in the operating room. The probe utilizes a novel, diverging light on the scanner optical design that provides improved performance over a traditional OCT scanner design. While most handheld OCT probes are designed to be held by the side of the case or by a handle, our operators tend to prefer to grip probes by the tip of the probe for supine imagine. The ergonomics of the HH-OCTA probe were designed to match this grip. The HH-OCTA probe used a 200 kHz OCT engine, has a motorized stage that provides +10 to -10 D refractive error correction, and weighs 700g. Initial OCTA imaging was performed in 9 children or infants during exam under anesthesia. The HH-OCTA images provide visualization of the retinal microvasculature in both normal and pathological eyes.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133474574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widefield ocular fundus imaging is conventionally performed in a reflection geometry. In this configuration, back-reflections from inner retinal layers, such as the nerve fiber layer, the inner limiting membrane, or even the anterior walls of large blood vessels, are often encountered, and may obscure the visibility of deeper features. Moreover, spectroscopic quantification of endogenous chromophores is complicated since the final image is a summation of reflections from several fundus layers (i.e. no single absorption pathlength can safely be assumed). Researchers have sought to model the fundus reflections, however the models are sensitive to the populations used and particular imaging platform. In theory, unwanted superficial reflections could be avoided and light path modeling could be simplified by adopting a transmission imaging geometry. We present an alternative transillumination fundus imaging strategy based on deeply penetrating near-infrared (NIR) light delivered transcranial near the subject’s temple. A portion of this light diffuses through bone and illuminates the posterior eye not from the front, as with conventional methods, but rather mostly from behind. As such, we image light transmitted through the fundus rather than back-reflected off multiple fundus layers. This single-pass measurement geometry simplifies absorption pathlength considerations and provides complementary information to fundus reflectometry. The use of NIR light enables imaging as deep as the choroid. Importantly, the technique is compatible with reflection-based techniques and we have shown that it works well with a commercial non-mydriatic fundus camera. Combining information from these two illumination approaches should improve spectroscopic analysis of the fundus.
{"title":"Ocular fundus imaging with transmitted light (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Timothy D. Weber, J. Mertz","doi":"10.1117/12.2507989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507989","url":null,"abstract":"Widefield ocular fundus imaging is conventionally performed in a reflection geometry. In this configuration, back-reflections from inner retinal layers, such as the nerve fiber layer, the inner limiting membrane, or even the anterior walls of large blood vessels, are often encountered, and may obscure the visibility of deeper features. Moreover, spectroscopic quantification of endogenous chromophores is complicated since the final image is a summation of reflections from several fundus layers (i.e. no single absorption pathlength can safely be assumed). Researchers have sought to model the fundus reflections, however the models are sensitive to the populations used and particular imaging platform. In theory, unwanted superficial reflections could be avoided and light path modeling could be simplified by adopting a transmission imaging geometry. We present an alternative transillumination fundus imaging strategy based on deeply penetrating near-infrared (NIR) light delivered transcranial near the subject’s temple. A portion of this light diffuses through bone and illuminates the posterior eye not from the front, as with conventional methods, but rather mostly from behind. As such, we image light transmitted through the fundus rather than back-reflected off multiple fundus layers. This single-pass measurement geometry simplifies absorption pathlength considerations and provides complementary information to fundus reflectometry. The use of NIR light enables imaging as deep as the choroid. Importantly, the technique is compatible with reflection-based techniques and we have shown that it works well with a commercial non-mydriatic fundus camera. Combining information from these two illumination approaches should improve spectroscopic analysis of the fundus.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115366052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. McNabb, Yuxiao Wei, Moseph Jackson-Atogi, Alice S Liu, O. Carrasco-Zevallos, J. Izatt, A. Kuo
Imaging the entire human cornea with a conventional OCT system configuration requires trade-offs between resolution and depth-of-focus because the cornea is curved over a depth of approximately 4 mm. These system trade-offs result in image quality variations in the corneal image such as a bright apex surrounded by decreasing intensity as the cornea curves away from the apex. These intensity changes cause non-biological ambiguities in interpreting the image, make it difficult to see anatomy in the dim areas, and make automated surface detection difficult in the periphery. To address this problem, we developed a continuously focusing corneal OCT system coupled with a constant linear velocity (CLV) spiral scan pattern that is able to better maintain focus from the apex to the deeper cornea during a scan. The continuous focusing was implemented by introducing a focusing telescope on a motorized stage into the sample arm and matching the translation of the telescope with the CLV scan as it spiraled from the corneal apex outwards. Orthogonal B-scans prior to volume acquisition were used as a reference to estimate and correct motion that occurred during the subsequent CLV scan. A consented subject was imaged, and the resultant image showed increased intensity in the peripheral and deeper cornea and anterior chamber. Continuous focusing with CLV spiral scanning is a promising design change to OCT systems allowing adequate focus over relatively large depths such as for scanning the human cornea.
{"title":"Axial motion corrected constant linear velocity spiral scan OCT with dynamic focusing for high resolution wide field corneal and anterior chamber imaging (Conference Presentation)","authors":"R. McNabb, Yuxiao Wei, Moseph Jackson-Atogi, Alice S Liu, O. Carrasco-Zevallos, J. Izatt, A. Kuo","doi":"10.1117/12.2510164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2510164","url":null,"abstract":"Imaging the entire human cornea with a conventional OCT system configuration requires trade-offs between resolution and depth-of-focus because the cornea is curved over a depth of approximately 4 mm. These system trade-offs result in image quality variations in the corneal image such as a bright apex surrounded by decreasing intensity as the cornea curves away from the apex. These intensity changes cause non-biological ambiguities in interpreting the image, make it difficult to see anatomy in the dim areas, and make automated surface detection difficult in the periphery. To address this problem, we developed a continuously focusing corneal OCT system coupled with a constant linear velocity (CLV) spiral scan pattern that is able to better maintain focus from the apex to the deeper cornea during a scan. The continuous focusing was implemented by introducing a focusing telescope on a motorized stage into the sample arm and matching the translation of the telescope with the CLV scan as it spiraled from the corneal apex outwards. Orthogonal B-scans prior to volume acquisition were used as a reference to estimate and correct motion that occurred during the subsequent CLV scan. A consented subject was imaged, and the resultant image showed increased intensity in the peripheral and deeper cornea and anterior chamber. Continuous focusing with CLV spiral scanning is a promising design change to OCT systems allowing adequate focus over relatively large depths such as for scanning the human cornea.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116244883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengfei Zhang, Eric B. Miller, Suman K. Manna, R. Meleppat, E. Pugh, R. Zawadzki
Vision is the most important sense organ of human, more than 80% of the information from outside world is acquired by vision. Vision starts at the photoreceptors in the retina capturing the visible light photons. There are two general types of photoreceptors, called rods and cones. Rods allow us to see in dim and dark light, cones allow us to perceive fine visual detail and color. To understand physiology of cones, researchers developed many model organisms that allow them to study in details different aspects of photoreceptors function. Specifically, mice play a central role in basic vision science research. However, one should keep in mind that mice have rod dominant retinas which is different from human cone dominant retinas near fovea. As one of the consequence in vivo imaging of cones in humans is relatively easy in periphery, and cone mosaic was the first cellular structure that was reported to be seen by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), especially with implementation of adaptive optics (AO)[1]. However, just recently researchers started to visualize human rods which are smaller than cones [2, 3]. In case of mouse retinal imaging, it is quite the opposite situation. There have been recent reports of imaging rods mosaic [4-6], but up to date no reports on identifying cones in the images. Given that the cones are twice as big as rods in mice, it is very interesting why one can visualize rods but cannot visualize cones.
{"title":"Towards in vivo imaging of the mouse cone photoreceptors (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Pengfei Zhang, Eric B. Miller, Suman K. Manna, R. Meleppat, E. Pugh, R. Zawadzki","doi":"10.1117/12.2508864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508864","url":null,"abstract":"Vision is the most important sense organ of human, more than 80% of the information from outside world is acquired by vision. Vision starts at the photoreceptors in the retina capturing the visible light photons. There are two general types of photoreceptors, called rods and cones. Rods allow us to see in dim and dark light, cones allow us to perceive fine visual detail and color. To understand physiology of cones, researchers developed many model organisms that allow them to study in details different aspects of photoreceptors function. Specifically, mice play a central role in basic vision science research. However, one should keep in mind that mice have rod dominant retinas which is different from human cone dominant retinas near fovea. \u0000As one of the consequence in vivo imaging of cones in humans is relatively easy in periphery, and cone mosaic was the first cellular structure that was reported to be seen by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), especially with implementation of adaptive optics (AO)[1]. However, just recently researchers started to visualize human rods which are smaller than cones [2, 3]. In case of mouse retinal imaging, it is quite the opposite situation. There have been recent reports of imaging rods mosaic [4-6], but up to date no reports on identifying cones in the images. Given that the cones are twice as big as rods in mice, it is very interesting why one can visualize rods but cannot visualize cones.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117318045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Grulkowski, Ana Rodríguez-Aramendía, S. Manzanera, Yiwei Chen, Juan Mompeán, F. Díaz-Doutón, J. Pujol, J. Sebag, P. Artal
Transparency of ocular structures is an important factor determining contrast in the retinal image. Although opacities are most commonly formed in the crystalline lens of aging eye (cataract formation), visual function can be also altered by the opacities in the vitreous body. Therefore, macro- and micro-scale visualization of vitreous is clinically relevant since alterations of vitreous organization impact retinal diseases and affect vision. However, optical imaging of the vitreous body is challenging due to its transparency. We demonstrate visualization of vitreous and its opacities in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We developed a prototype long-depth-range Swept-Source OCT instrument operating at the speed of 30 kA-scans/second and at the central wavelength of 1 μm to perform high-resolution imaging through the entire vitreous depth. The interface with focus-tunable optics has been used to optimize the field of view. 2-D and 3-D OCT data sets of eyes with vitreous opacities were acquired and processed to obtain contrast-enhanced high-resolution images of vitreous. The results demonstrate the ability of the OCT imaging to characterize the opacities that cause floaters. In conclusion, long-depth-range SS-OCT enables volumetric visualization of in vivo microstructural changes in the vitreous body. This instrument might be a useful tool in high-resolution evaluation and surgical management of vitreous opacities.
{"title":"In vivo imaging of vitreous opacities with full-eye-length SS-OCT\u0000 (Conference Presentation)","authors":"I. Grulkowski, Ana Rodríguez-Aramendía, S. Manzanera, Yiwei Chen, Juan Mompeán, F. Díaz-Doutón, J. Pujol, J. Sebag, P. Artal","doi":"10.1117/12.2509474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2509474","url":null,"abstract":"Transparency of ocular structures is an important factor determining contrast in the retinal image. Although opacities are most commonly formed in the crystalline lens of aging eye (cataract formation), visual function can be also altered by the opacities in the vitreous body. Therefore, macro- and micro-scale visualization of vitreous is clinically relevant since alterations of vitreous organization impact retinal diseases and affect vision. However, optical imaging of the vitreous body is challenging due to its transparency. We demonstrate visualization of vitreous and its opacities in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We developed a prototype long-depth-range Swept-Source OCT instrument operating at the speed of 30 kA-scans/second and at the central wavelength of 1 μm to perform high-resolution imaging through the entire vitreous depth. The interface with focus-tunable optics has been used to optimize the field of view. 2-D and 3-D OCT data sets of eyes with vitreous opacities were acquired and processed to obtain contrast-enhanced high-resolution images of vitreous. The results demonstrate the ability of the OCT imaging to characterize the opacities that cause floaters. In conclusion, long-depth-range SS-OCT enables volumetric visualization of in vivo microstructural changes in the vitreous body. This instrument might be a useful tool in high-resolution evaluation and surgical management of vitreous opacities.","PeriodicalId":204875,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Technologies XXIX","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122386963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}