Future generations of electronic products will be enabled by flexible electronic circuits, displays, and sensors based on organic active materials, which could eventually reach the mainstream electronics industry. One of such devices is the organic field-effect transistor (OFET), which are three-terminal devices that are comprised of a gate, source, and drain electrode. In this study, we fabricated a bottom-gate bottom-contact OFET device using copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as a semiconducting layer. CuPc is a commercially available metal complex, a known p-type semiconducting material. Au/Ti electrode is sputtered on Al gated silicon substrate with thermally grown SiO2 dielectric layer. CuPc films were then deposited over the substrate with patterned electrodes by physical vapor deposition at a rate of 0.35 nm/s, recorded by a quartz crystal microbalance at room temperature under a background pressure of 1.21x10 Pa. A thin layer of organic material was also deposited on glass slides and the optical properties of films with different thicknesses were determined by UV-Vis spectrometry and the optical band-gap energy was determined to be 1.64±0.01 eV. The thermal annealing effect on thin-film crystallization morphology was studied with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurement.
{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Copper Phthalocyanine- Based Field Effect Transistors","authors":"N. Uranbileg, Tuul Tsagaantsooj, Anar Enkhbayar, Davaajargal Darambazar, Munkh-Erdene Erdene-Ochir, Ganzorig Chimed","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.002","url":null,"abstract":"Future generations of electronic products will be enabled by flexible electronic circuits, displays, and sensors based on organic active materials, which could eventually reach the mainstream electronics industry. One of such devices is the organic field-effect transistor (OFET), which are three-terminal devices that are comprised of a gate, source, and drain electrode. In this study, we fabricated a bottom-gate bottom-contact OFET device using copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as a semiconducting layer. CuPc is a commercially available metal complex, a known p-type semiconducting material. Au/Ti electrode is sputtered on Al gated silicon substrate with thermally grown SiO2 dielectric layer. CuPc films were then deposited over the substrate with patterned electrodes by physical vapor deposition at a rate of 0.35 nm/s, recorded by a quartz crystal microbalance at room temperature under a background pressure of 1.21x10 Pa. A thin layer of organic material was also deposited on glass slides and the optical properties of films with different thicknesses were determined by UV-Vis spectrometry and the optical band-gap energy was determined to be 1.64±0.01 eV. The thermal annealing effect on thin-film crystallization morphology was studied with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurement.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78800048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.020
Altansukh Batnasan, Ariunbolor Narankhuu, Ariuntuya Battsengel, Kazutoshi Haga, A. Shibayama
In this study, the various organic extractants, namely D2EHPA, PC-88A, TBP, TBPP, TOA, and TOPO, were examined to extract REEs from sulphuric acid leach liquor of apatite ore. Extraction parameters including extractants type, the concentration of extractant, organic to aqueous phase ratio, and contact time were investigated. Stripping experiments were conducted using different concentrations (0.5-4 M) of hydrochloric acid. Results showed that the overall extraction of REEs into the PC-88 extractant were ranged between 20 and 35%, while their extraction with other extractants did not exceed 20%. Interestingly, heavy rare earth elements (Tb, Dy, Er, and Y) were selectively extracted with D2EHPA when the light REEs extraction was lower than 5%.
{"title":"Effect of Organic Extractants on the Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Sulphuric Acid Leach Liquor","authors":"Altansukh Batnasan, Ariunbolor Narankhuu, Ariuntuya Battsengel, Kazutoshi Haga, A. Shibayama","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.020","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the various organic extractants, namely D2EHPA, PC-88A, TBP, TBPP, TOA, and TOPO, were examined to extract REEs from sulphuric acid leach liquor of apatite ore. Extraction parameters including extractants type, the concentration of extractant, organic to aqueous phase ratio, and contact time were investigated. Stripping experiments were conducted using different concentrations (0.5-4 M) of hydrochloric acid. Results showed that the overall extraction of REEs into the PC-88 extractant were ranged between 20 and 35%, while their extraction with other extractants did not exceed 20%. Interestingly, heavy rare earth elements (Tb, Dy, Er, and Y) were selectively extracted with D2EHPA when the light REEs extraction was lower than 5%.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83059106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.015
P. Kuznetsov, B. Avid, L. Kuznetsova, B. Purevsuren, X. Fan, Z. Ismagilov, V. Safin
{"title":"Thermal Solvolysis of Coals Under Mild Conditions as an Alternative Way to Produce Aromatics for Carbon Materials","authors":"P. Kuznetsov, B. Avid, L. Kuznetsova, B. Purevsuren, X. Fan, Z. Ismagilov, V. Safin","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76935768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.014
D. Ganpurev, Odontuya Gombosuren, Tsiiregzen Andarai, D. Battulga, Ichinnorov Amarjargal, Buyanjargal Zolboot, Khureldavaa Otgonbayar, Oyuntsetseg Dolgorjav, Amarsanaa Badgaa
Groundwater is not a nutrient-rich environment for microorganisms to grow and thrive, but it is polluted by many environmental factors. These nutrients can exceed the permissible levels in drinking water and can be a reason for spreading highly infectious diseases in the population. Therefore, there is a need to monitor the quality of water from deep wells in ger areas, to study certain correlations, to prevent people from various infectious diseases, to protect the environment, to use water resources properly, and to provide citizens with accurate information on drinking water. Within the framework of the study, samples were taken from 135 deep wells used for drinking and household purposes in the Bayanzurkh, Bayangol, and Sukhbaatar districts of Ulaanbaatar city. The water quality was analyzed for some hydrochemical (NO3 ) and six main microbiological parameters. Due to microbiological parameters, 42 samples (30.6%) from the surveyed deep wells did not meet the requirements of MNS 0900:2018, the national drinking water standard of Mongolia, and 31 samples (21.9%) exceeded the nitrate ion content described in above the standard. In the Bayangol district, 88% of the surveyed sources found that the number of bacterial contaminants in 100 mL of water exceeded the limit. But in the Sukhbaatar district’s summer camp region which is a relatively low populated area was shown a relatively low level of microbiological contamination and nutrient pollution compared to the permissible level in water samples. According to correlation studies, the nitrate ion concentrations of 12.6% samples over the permissible value (more than 50 mg/L) and high level of bacterial contamination in drinking water, showed a weak correlation.
{"title":"Microbiological and Hydrochemical Parameters of Deep Wells Used for Drinking Water in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia","authors":"D. Ganpurev, Odontuya Gombosuren, Tsiiregzen Andarai, D. Battulga, Ichinnorov Amarjargal, Buyanjargal Zolboot, Khureldavaa Otgonbayar, Oyuntsetseg Dolgorjav, Amarsanaa Badgaa","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.014","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is not a nutrient-rich environment for microorganisms to grow and thrive, but it is polluted by many environmental factors. These nutrients can exceed the permissible levels in drinking water and can be a reason for spreading highly infectious diseases in the population. Therefore, there is a need to monitor the quality of water from deep wells in ger areas, to study certain correlations, to prevent people from various infectious diseases, to protect the environment, to use water resources properly, and to provide citizens with accurate information on drinking water. Within the framework of the study, samples were taken from 135 deep wells used for drinking and household purposes in the Bayanzurkh, Bayangol, and Sukhbaatar districts of Ulaanbaatar city. The water quality was analyzed for some hydrochemical (NO3 ) and six main microbiological parameters. Due to microbiological parameters, 42 samples (30.6%) from the surveyed deep wells did not meet the requirements of MNS 0900:2018, the national drinking water standard of Mongolia, and 31 samples (21.9%) exceeded the nitrate ion content described in above the standard. In the Bayangol district, 88% of the surveyed sources found that the number of bacterial contaminants in 100 mL of water exceeded the limit. But in the Sukhbaatar district’s summer camp region which is a relatively low populated area was shown a relatively low level of microbiological contamination and nutrient pollution compared to the permissible level in water samples. According to correlation studies, the nitrate ion concentrations of 12.6% samples over the permissible value (more than 50 mg/L) and high level of bacterial contamination in drinking water, showed a weak correlation.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84293931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sheep (Ovis aries) tail tendons are the major by-products after being slaughtered for food consumption. A tendon is a powerful band of fibrous connective tissue that is composed of parallel bundles of collagen fibers and connects muscle to bone, due to the transmit forces and tolerate tension during muscle contraction. The tendon collagen structure is found as the main molecule of dense fibrous tissue and forms approximately 70% of dry weight. The collagen type is largely composed of Type I (60%) and other types. Type I collagen is by far the most abundant molecules in vertebrates, and it is a particularly mechanical scaffold in bone, skin, and connective tissue. This study was conducted to extract and characterize acid-soluble collagens (ASC) from sheep tail tendons. The tendon collagen was confirmed as collagen by different physicochemical techniques such as sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Zeta Potential Analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis. The yield of type I ASC from sheep tail tendon was about 9.7% on the dry weight of raw material. The collagen’s α1, α2, and β chain bands are observed in SDS-PAGE for both ASC and pepsin soluble collagen. The zeta potentials of ASC had a positive charge when pH from 2 to 4.5, while the negative charge in pH range from 6 to 11. But the electric potential of ASC was zero at pH 5. The results of FTIR spectra analysis detected the presence of triple superhelical structure in acid-soluble collagens, presenting isolation procedure did not interrupt the triple helical structure from the sheep tail tendon. Therefore, the study showed that it is a potential reference for collagen extraction and application of sheep tendon tails.
{"title":"The Characterization of Acid Soluble Collagen from Sheep Tail Tendon","authors":"Budjav Jadamba, Enerelt Urnukhsaikhan, Anujin Gantulga, Sugar Lkhagvachuluun, E. Lkhagvasuren, Bilegtsaikhan Tsolmon, Lkhagvasuren Damdindorj","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.007","url":null,"abstract":"The sheep (Ovis aries) tail tendons are the major by-products after being slaughtered for food consumption. A tendon is a powerful band of fibrous connective tissue that is composed of parallel bundles of collagen fibers and connects muscle to bone, due to the transmit forces and tolerate tension during muscle contraction. The tendon collagen structure is found as the main molecule of dense fibrous tissue and forms approximately 70% of dry weight. The collagen type is largely composed of Type I (60%) and other types. Type I collagen is by far the most abundant molecules in vertebrates, and it is a particularly mechanical scaffold in bone, skin, and connective tissue. This study was conducted to extract and characterize acid-soluble collagens (ASC) from sheep tail tendons. The tendon collagen was confirmed as collagen by different physicochemical techniques such as sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Zeta Potential Analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis. The yield of type I ASC from sheep tail tendon was about 9.7% on the dry weight of raw material. The collagen’s α1, α2, and β chain bands are observed in SDS-PAGE for both ASC and pepsin soluble collagen. The zeta potentials of ASC had a positive charge when pH from 2 to 4.5, while the negative charge in pH range from 6 to 11. But the electric potential of ASC was zero at pH 5. The results of FTIR spectra analysis detected the presence of triple superhelical structure in acid-soluble collagens, presenting isolation procedure did not interrupt the triple helical structure from the sheep tail tendon. Therefore, the study showed that it is a potential reference for collagen extraction and application of sheep tendon tails.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79522972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.021
Nasanjargal Shirendev, Munkhpurev Bat-Amgalan, A. Aleksandr, Burmaa Gunchin, Ganchimeg Yunden
In this study, the sorptions of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(VI) on amine-functionalized activated carbon were investigated. Coal from the Tavantolgoi deposit of Mongolia was used as a precursor for the modification. After the coal carbonization, the char was activated with heated steam at different times (120, 180, and 240 min) and several temperatures (800oC and 850oC). The activated carbon at 850oC for 240 min was used for the treatment with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The interactions between metal ions and functional groups on the sorbent surface were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The influence of various parameters such as pH (2-7), contact time (0.5-6 h), temperature (25oC, 35oC, 45oC, and 55oC), initial concentration of heavy metals ions (10, 25, and 50 mg/L), and common cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) was investigated. The optimum pH for Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(VI) sorption on the modified activated carbon was chosen as 4, 3, and 3, respectively. The sorption capacity was increased from 6.15 to 9.88 mg/g and 17.1 mg/g to 19.0 mg/g when increased the temperature from 25oC to 55oC for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) adsorption, respectively (initial concentration of metal ions were 50 mg/L). But the sorption capacity was decreased from 3.13 mg/g to 2.69 mg/g when increased the temperature from 25oC to 55oC for Pb(II) adsorption. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔHo), entropy (ΔSo), and Gibb’s free energy (ΔGo) were estimated, and the results confirmed that all sorption processes are spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable. The sorption capacity was decreased when the amount of Na, K, Ca, or Mg increased from 0 to 200 mg/L, and a remarkable decrease in sorption capacity was observed for Pb(II) adsorption. The order of adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon for metal ions was Cr(VI) Cu(II) Pb(II). The sorption mechanism was discussed for the
{"title":"Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cr(VI) Adsorption on the Modified Activated Carbon","authors":"Nasanjargal Shirendev, Munkhpurev Bat-Amgalan, A. Aleksandr, Burmaa Gunchin, Ganchimeg Yunden","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.021","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the sorptions of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(VI) on amine-functionalized activated carbon were investigated. Coal from the Tavantolgoi deposit of Mongolia was used as a precursor for the modification. After the coal carbonization, the char was activated with heated steam at different times (120, 180, and 240 min) and several temperatures (800oC and 850oC). The activated carbon at 850oC for 240 min was used for the treatment with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The interactions between metal ions and functional groups on the sorbent surface were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The influence of various parameters such as pH (2-7), contact time (0.5-6 h), temperature (25oC, 35oC, 45oC, and 55oC), initial concentration of heavy metals ions (10, 25, and 50 mg/L), and common cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) was investigated. The optimum pH for Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(VI) sorption on the modified activated carbon was chosen as 4, 3, and 3, respectively. The sorption capacity was increased from 6.15 to 9.88 mg/g and 17.1 mg/g to 19.0 mg/g when increased the temperature from 25oC to 55oC for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) adsorption, respectively (initial concentration of metal ions were 50 mg/L). But the sorption capacity was decreased from 3.13 mg/g to 2.69 mg/g when increased the temperature from 25oC to 55oC for Pb(II) adsorption. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔHo), entropy (ΔSo), and Gibb’s free energy (ΔGo) were estimated, and the results confirmed that all sorption processes are spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable. The sorption capacity was decreased when the amount of Na, K, Ca, or Mg increased from 0 to 200 mg/L, and a remarkable decrease in sorption capacity was observed for Pb(II) adsorption. The order of adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon for metal ions was Cr(VI) Cu(II) Pb(II). The sorption mechanism was discussed for the","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83173823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The beneficiation of low-grade manganese ore is investigated using applied magnetics separation, multi-gravity separator, shaking table, flotation methods, and sulfuric acid leaching. The manganese content in the ore sampled from the Unagad deposit is 17.31%. The best option and high result among beneficiation experiments is the use of a multi-gravity separator. Manganese leaching from the concentrate is investigated using H2SO4 and H2O2 as leaching and reducing agents. A study on the characterization of the main parameters such as agitation, reaction temperature, leaching time, H2SO4 concentration, H2O2 concentration, and liquid/solid mass ratio for increasing leaching of the manganese from the beneficiated samples was performed. The optimal leaching efficiency was 86.79% for manganese.
{"title":"Beneficiation and Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Manganese Ore","authors":"Sukhbat Sandag-Ochir, Zagarzusem Tsedendamba, Orgilbayar Batkhuyag, Jargalsaikhan Lkhasuren, Khasbaatar Dashkhuu, Sugir-Erdene Namsrai, Baasanjav Dashtseren, Unursaikhan Buyannasan, Otgonjargal Enkhtur","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.022","url":null,"abstract":"The beneficiation of low-grade manganese ore is investigated using applied magnetics separation, multi-gravity separator, shaking table, flotation methods, and sulfuric acid leaching. The manganese content in the ore sampled from the Unagad deposit is 17.31%. The best option and high result among beneficiation experiments is the use of a multi-gravity separator. Manganese leaching from the concentrate is investigated using H2SO4 and H2O2 as leaching and reducing agents. A study on the characterization of the main parameters such as agitation, reaction temperature, leaching time, H2SO4 concentration, H2O2 concentration, and liquid/solid mass ratio for increasing leaching of the manganese from the beneficiated samples was performed. The optimal leaching efficiency was 86.79% for manganese.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90330520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrocarbons represent an important natural resource for the rehabilitation and sustainable development of Afghanistan. In this paper, the use of waterflooding is demonstrated for the petroleum reservoirs of the Kashkari oilfield in northern Afghanistan. The technique stands on the Buckley–Leverett frontal-displacement theory, which enables computation of the progress of the waterfront in the reservoir. The oil and water relative permeabilities, the irreducible water saturation, and the residual oil saturation are obtained from a laboratory experiment. The technique is conducted to the Kashkari oilfield to predict the feasible quantity of the oil that could be produced from this reservoir. As a result, the Buckley–Leverett waterflooding technique recovered 67 MMBBL oil of Kashkari oilfield in 6200 days.
{"title":"Waterflooding Technique to the Kashkari Oilfield in the North Part of Afghanistan","authors":"Zabihullah Mahdi, Kazunori Abe, Khwaja Naweed Seddiqi, Hikari Fujii","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.018","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocarbons represent an important natural resource for the rehabilitation and sustainable development of Afghanistan. In this paper, the use of waterflooding is demonstrated for the petroleum reservoirs of the Kashkari oilfield in northern Afghanistan. The technique stands on the Buckley–Leverett frontal-displacement theory, which enables computation of the progress of the waterfront in the reservoir. The oil and water relative permeabilities, the irreducible water saturation, and the residual oil saturation are obtained from a laboratory experiment. The technique is conducted to the Kashkari oilfield to predict the feasible quantity of the oil that could be produced from this reservoir. As a result, the Buckley–Leverett waterflooding technique recovered 67 MMBBL oil of Kashkari oilfield in 6200 days.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88987614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil is a unique oil source, emphasizing its potential as a dietary and medicinal supplement. Many studies have shown that the whole berry oil of sea buckthorn is rich in saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. The oil also had been used in digestive ulcers and cardiovascular disease. The present study has determined the whole berry oil of sea buckthorn physicochemical parameters, such as refractive index, acid value, iodine value and peroxide value, and fatty acid composition. The dominating fatty acids in whole berry oil were oleic, linoleic, and linolenic. Also, the therapeutic properties of whole berry oil and its acute and chronic toxicity were determined. In addition, we carried out the pharmacological effect of the whole berry oil of sea buckthorn on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. It has been shown that sea buckthorn oil positively affects the regeneration of stomach tissues in experimental rats in case of stomach ulcers. However, the bacterial mass in the mucous membranes of the stomach in some rats was increased.
{"title":"The Physicochemical Composition of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) Oil and Its Treatment Characteristics","authors":"Bayarmaa Barkhuu, Munkhgerel Lodonjav, Oyundari Ganzorig, Nomindari Tumurtogoo","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.008","url":null,"abstract":"Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil is a unique oil source, emphasizing its potential as a dietary and medicinal supplement. Many studies have shown that the whole berry oil of sea buckthorn is rich in saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. The oil also had been used in digestive ulcers and cardiovascular disease. The present study has determined the whole berry oil of sea buckthorn physicochemical parameters, such as refractive index, acid value, iodine value and peroxide value, and fatty acid composition. The dominating fatty acids in whole berry oil were oleic, linoleic, and linolenic. Also, the therapeutic properties of whole berry oil and its acute and chronic toxicity were determined. In addition, we carried out the pharmacological effect of the whole berry oil of sea buckthorn on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. It has been shown that sea buckthorn oil positively affects the regeneration of stomach tissues in experimental rats in case of stomach ulcers. However, the bacterial mass in the mucous membranes of the stomach in some rats was increased.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88997424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cracking is the complex physical and chemical process of converting high molecular hydrocarbons into valuable products such as gasoline fraction and light fuel fraction. There are several oil fields in Mongolia and three large deposits already are being exploited. The crude oil was classified as high-paraffinic crude oil because of its high viscosity and low yield of fuel fraction. The contents of asphaltenes and resins in the oil were low. Therefore, the cracking process is necessary to convert the paraffinic Mongolian crude oil to lighter distillates for the production of transportation fuels and chemicals. In this work, we studied the hydrocracking process of atmospheric residue (>350°C) to produce fuel fractions from high paraffin Tsagaan-Els oil of Mongolia. The hydrocracking experiment was carried out with and without a catalyst at temperature 450°C for 1-3 h under a hydrogen pressure of 5 MPa. Commercial Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst (Ni 3%, Mo 15%) was used in the hydrocracking experiments for 1 and 2 h. The yields of light and middle distillates obtained by hydrocracking of the atmospheric residue for 3 h without catalyst were 15.8 and 17.7 wt.%, respectively. The effect of catalyst was tested in the experiments for 2 h. By the hydrocracking with catalyst, the yield of light distillate has increased 4.5 wt.% in comparison with the yield of light distillate obtained from the experiment without catalyst. In this study, we report that the atmospheric residue in the Tsagaan-Els oil could be liquefied by thermal cracking at 350°C to increase the yield of gasoline and diesel fuel.
{"title":"Hydrocracking of Atmospheric Residue from Tsagaan-Els Oil, Mongolia","authors":"Myagmargerel Bayanmunkh, Byambajav Ganbold, Narangerel Janchig, Gantsetseg Byambasuren, Khulan Bayasgalan","doi":"10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2991/ahcps.k.211004.019","url":null,"abstract":"Cracking is the complex physical and chemical process of converting high molecular hydrocarbons into valuable products such as gasoline fraction and light fuel fraction. There are several oil fields in Mongolia and three large deposits already are being exploited. The crude oil was classified as high-paraffinic crude oil because of its high viscosity and low yield of fuel fraction. The contents of asphaltenes and resins in the oil were low. Therefore, the cracking process is necessary to convert the paraffinic Mongolian crude oil to lighter distillates for the production of transportation fuels and chemicals. In this work, we studied the hydrocracking process of atmospheric residue (>350°C) to produce fuel fractions from high paraffin Tsagaan-Els oil of Mongolia. The hydrocracking experiment was carried out with and without a catalyst at temperature 450°C for 1-3 h under a hydrogen pressure of 5 MPa. Commercial Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst (Ni 3%, Mo 15%) was used in the hydrocracking experiments for 1 and 2 h. The yields of light and middle distillates obtained by hydrocracking of the atmospheric residue for 3 h without catalyst were 15.8 and 17.7 wt.%, respectively. The effect of catalyst was tested in the experiments for 2 h. By the hydrocracking with catalyst, the yield of light distillate has increased 4.5 wt.% in comparison with the yield of light distillate obtained from the experiment without catalyst. In this study, we report that the atmospheric residue in the Tsagaan-Els oil could be liquefied by thermal cracking at 350°C to increase the yield of gasoline and diesel fuel.","PeriodicalId":20562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Chemical Investigation and Utilization of Natural Resource (ICCIUNR-2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84538190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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