Pub Date : 2008-10-31DOI: 10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.71
F. Matsumoto
{"title":"Orhoptic treatment for children with intermittent exotropia","authors":"F. Matsumoto","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.71","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130751693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Not many multiple-handicapped infants and children wear eyeglasses, although the incidence of refractive errors is higher in those children than in healthy children. This failure to use eyeglasses where needed is suspected to possibly result in lack of visual experience and an adverse effect on cognition of objects. The timing of initiating eyeglass wear was assessed in 100 multiple-handicapped infants and children with mental retardation, aged 17 years or below. In an attempt to expand visual experience of such children, various reactions of subjects with hyperopia of 4 diopters or more and those with myopia or astigmatism of 2 diopters or more were observed to assess the need for eyeglass prescription. Forty-four subjects (44%) needed prescriptions, among whom 19 were considered suitable for eyeglasses and 20 were not, with 5 subjects unassessable. Of the subjects requiring eyeglass prescription, excluding the unassessable, those suitable for eyeglasses amounted to 10 of 18 subjects (56%) of the group aged 0 to 5, 7 of 14 (50%) of the group aged 6 to 11, and 2 of 7 (29%) of the group aged 12 to 17, exhibiting higher percentages with lower age groups. This result suggests that among multiple-handicapped children with mental retardation, eyeglass prescriptions at earlier ages are linked with a larger number of cases where the use of eyeglasses , which may contribute to growth and development of mentally retarded children, is possible.
{"title":"The Timing of Initiating Eyeglass Wear for Multiple-Handicapped Infants and Children with Mental Retardation","authors":"Satoshi Yoshizato, Noriko Shizuru, Hiroshi Takahashi","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.145","url":null,"abstract":"Not many multiple-handicapped infants and children wear eyeglasses, although the incidence of refractive errors is higher in those children than in healthy children. This failure to use eyeglasses where needed is suspected to possibly result in lack of visual experience and an adverse effect on cognition of objects. The timing of initiating eyeglass wear was assessed in 100 multiple-handicapped infants and children with mental retardation, aged 17 years or below. In an attempt to expand visual experience of such children, various reactions of subjects with hyperopia of 4 diopters or more and those with myopia or astigmatism of 2 diopters or more were observed to assess the need for eyeglass prescription. Forty-four subjects (44%) needed prescriptions, among whom 19 were considered suitable for eyeglasses and 20 were not, with 5 subjects unassessable. Of the subjects requiring eyeglass prescription, excluding the unassessable, those suitable for eyeglasses amounted to 10 of 18 subjects (56%) of the group aged 0 to 5, 7 of 14 (50%) of the group aged 6 to 11, and 2 of 7 (29%) of the group aged 12 to 17, exhibiting higher percentages with lower age groups. This result suggests that among multiple-handicapped children with mental retardation, eyeglass prescriptions at earlier ages are linked with a larger number of cases where the use of eyeglasses , which may contribute to growth and development of mentally retarded children, is possible.","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132202916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-31DOI: 10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.123
Ryouko Hara, N. Wada, M. Namiki, K. Mitooka, H. Shimazaki, H. Tsuneoka
{"title":"A Case of Psychogenic Visual Disturbances Which Required Collaboration with Other Clinical Department","authors":"Ryouko Hara, N. Wada, M. Namiki, K. Mitooka, H. Shimazaki, H. Tsuneoka","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128034820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical application of the preoperative prism adaptation test in patients with intermittent exotropia","authors":"Kayoko Hasebe","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.65","url":null,"abstract":"目的:間歇性外斜視症例について、術前のプリズムアダプテーションテスト(以下、PAT)により、術後の両眼視の状態を予測できるかどうかについて検討した。対象と方法:対象は、2006年1月から2007年7月までに岡山大学病院で手術を行った15歳以上の外斜視症例57例。術前にPATにより、斜視角を中和するフレネル膜プリズムを平均2.9ヶ月間装用させ、初回装用時と手術直前、及び術後の両眼視の状態を比較した。両眼視検査には、バゴリーニ線条ガラステストを使用した。また、術後の両眼視を予測できない因子についても検討した。結果:1.術後の両眼視の状態と一致したのは、初回装用時では47%、術直前では77%で、両者の間には有意差が認められた(p<0.01)。2.術後の複視の予測は、感度100%、特異度87.0%、陽性予測値30.0%、陰性予測値100.0%であった。3.斜視角が大きい場合、術後の両眼視の状態を予測することは困難であった。結論:間歇性外斜視症例に、術前にPATによりフレネル膜プリズムを装用させ、シミュレーションをすることにより、77%において術後の両眼視の状態を予測することができる。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125156321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low Vision Care in Kitakyushu Rehabilitation Center for Children with Disabilities","authors":"Manako Kubo, Haruyo Tamatani, Misuzu Beppu, M. Matsuo, Hiroshi Takahashi","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.171","url":null,"abstract":"目的:北九州市立総合療育センター眼科は、1991年より視覚障害児のロービジョンケアを行っている。視覚障害児の成長に伴い、他職種との連携を深めていく経過で、2001年頃より中途視覚障害者も受け入れるようになった。そこで今回は、視覚障害児・者のニーズを示し、そのケア内容を報告する。方法:対象は、2001年1月から2007年6月までにロービジョンケアを求めて初診した156名で、18歳未満51名を視覚障害児、18歳以上105名を視覚障害者とした。対象者において、当科への紹介者、初診時のニーズ、ケア内容をカルテ記録より検討した。結果:当科への紹介者は、視覚障害児では、他科の医師、眼科医、コメディカル、教育関係者がほぼ同数であった。視覚障害者は、眼科医と福祉関係者がほぼ同数であった。また、眼科医以外の紹介者が、視覚障害児76%、視覚障害者66%であった。初診時のニーズは、視覚障害児は主に視機能評価であった。そこで、同センタースタッフや教育関係者と連携した療育相談や視覚発達の訓練を継続するケアを行った。その中から保護者は、眼鏡装用や補助具使用が必要であることなどを理解していった。一方、視覚障害者は、紹介者からの情報提供もあり、補助具の紹介や羞明の軽減など明確なニーズをもって受診しており、これらに応えることがケア内容となった。結論:今後も眼科医はもとより他職種と連携しながら、ニーズに応じたロービジョンケアを当科が行う必要があると考える。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128632109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To determine whether M-CHARTS(R) (Inami Co. Tokyo, Japan) is useful in objectively assessing metamorphopsia before and after vitrectomy of macular disease. Subjects and Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients, who underwent vitreous surgery for treatment of macular disease in June to October 2007, were used as the subjects (premacular membrane: 9 eyes of 9 patients, macular edema: 10 eyes of 10, and macular hemorrhage: an eye of one). Visual acuity test and M-CHARTS were carried out 2 weeks (mean) before and after the vitreous surgery to investigate the relationship between the results of these tests and the subjective symptoms of the patients. Results: The scores of metamorphopsia were improved after the vitrectomy. The improvement was almost coincident with that of the subjective symptoms. The scores of metamorphosia were mostly reduced even though the visual acuity did not change after the vitrectomy. Conclusion: It is demonstrated that M-CHARTS can help to easily and objectively quantify subjective symptoms of patients with metamorphopsia. M-CHARTS is very useful in evaluation of therapeutic results.
目的:确定M-CHARTS(R) (Inami Co. Tokyo, Japan)是否有助于客观评估黄斑病变玻璃体切除术前后的变形。对象与方法:以2007年6 - 10月行玻璃体手术治疗黄斑病变的20例患者的20只眼为研究对象(黄斑前膜9例，黄斑水肿10例，黄斑出血1例)。在玻璃体手术前后2周(平均)进行视力测试和m - chart，探讨这些测试结果与患者主观症状的关系。结果:玻璃体切除术后变形评分明显提高。这种改善几乎与主观症状的改善一致。玻璃体切除术后视力无明显变化，但变态评分大多降低。结论:m图能方便、客观地量化变形视患者的主观症状。m图在评价治疗效果方面非常有用。
{"title":"Quantitative Evaluation of Metamorphopsia With Using M-CHARTS","authors":"Emi Sugiyama, Hisato Gunji, Masaomi Ito, Satoshi Tanaka, Noriko Aoyagi, H. Tsuneoka","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.95","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine whether M-CHARTS(R) (Inami Co. Tokyo, Japan) is useful in objectively assessing metamorphopsia before and after vitrectomy of macular disease. Subjects and Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients, who underwent vitreous surgery for treatment of macular disease in June to October 2007, were used as the subjects (premacular membrane: 9 eyes of 9 patients, macular edema: 10 eyes of 10, and macular hemorrhage: an eye of one). Visual acuity test and M-CHARTS were carried out 2 weeks (mean) before and after the vitreous surgery to investigate the relationship between the results of these tests and the subjective symptoms of the patients. Results: The scores of metamorphopsia were improved after the vitrectomy. The improvement was almost coincident with that of the subjective symptoms. The scores of metamorphosia were mostly reduced even though the visual acuity did not change after the vitrectomy. Conclusion: It is demonstrated that M-CHARTS can help to easily and objectively quantify subjective symptoms of patients with metamorphopsia. M-CHARTS is very useful in evaluation of therapeutic results.","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125245834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Occlusion Amblyopia in a Case following Atropine Therapy for Strabismic Amblyopia with Anisometropia","authors":"Emiko Chiba, Maki Nakagawa, C. Usui, Takao Hayashi","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.37.85","url":null,"abstract":"症例は3歳6か月、男児。右眼斜視弱視で固視は中心固視不良、眼位は内斜視で交代性上斜位を合併しており、約4.0Dの不同視差が認められた。複数の難治要因を合併しており、当初は眼鏡装用を嫌がるなど弱視訓練に非協力的で3歳11か月時に行なった初回訓練にても訓練効果はみられなかったため難治症例と考えられた。しかし、5歳時に行なった再訓練で、健眼完全終日遮閉に引き続きアトロピン点眼療法を行なったところ健眼の視力が下がり始め、点眼中止後に健眼と患眼の機能が逆転した。健眼弱視化は患眼の固視持続能力の改善に伴って発生していることから、斜視弱視の成因には固視持続能力が関与していると考えられた。また、アトロピン点眼療法は斜視弱視の健眼を弱視化させることがあるので、治療に際しては固視持続能力の管理を十分に行なう必要性があると思われた。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128135051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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