Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153248
Sheetal Mehta, Priyanka Sharma, K. Kotecha
In large Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), forming clusters of nodes has been verified to be a promising approach in high mobility network. The characteristics of MANETs are dynamic topology, bandwidth and link capacity, nodes are energy constrained. Clustering methods allow fast connection and topology management, better routing and also improve network performance parameters like routing delay, bandwidth consumption and throughput. In MANET, topology changes dynamically, so to achieve good performance any clustering algorithm should operate with minimum overhead of cluster maintenance and try to preserve its structure as much as possible when nodes are moving and/or the topology is slowly changing. A large variety of approaches for ad hoc clustering have been developed by researchers which focuses on different performance metrics. This paper presents a survey of different clustering schemes. A comparative analysis of various techniques also have been covered in this paper.
{"title":"A survey on various cluster head election algorithms for MANET","authors":"Sheetal Mehta, Priyanka Sharma, K. Kotecha","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153248","url":null,"abstract":"In large Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), forming clusters of nodes has been verified to be a promising approach in high mobility network. The characteristics of MANETs are dynamic topology, bandwidth and link capacity, nodes are energy constrained. Clustering methods allow fast connection and topology management, better routing and also improve network performance parameters like routing delay, bandwidth consumption and throughput. In MANET, topology changes dynamically, so to achieve good performance any clustering algorithm should operate with minimum overhead of cluster maintenance and try to preserve its structure as much as possible when nodes are moving and/or the topology is slowly changing. A large variety of approaches for ad hoc clustering have been developed by researchers which focuses on different performance metrics. This paper presents a survey of different clustering schemes. A comparative analysis of various techniques also have been covered in this paper.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133614986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153289
S. Kanojia, V. Chandrakar
Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a shunt connected voltage source converter (VSC), which can affect rapid control of reactive flow in the transmission line by controlling the generated a.c. voltage. The main aim of the paper is to design a power system installed with a Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and demonstrates the application of the model in analyzing the damping effect of the STATCOM to improve power system oscillation stability. The proposed controllers are designed to coordinate two control inputs: Voltage of the injection bus and capacitor voltage of the STATCOM, to improve the transient stability of a SMIB system and multimachine system. The STATCOM controller namely conventional PI controller. The power oscillations damping (POD) control and power system stabilizer (PSS) and their coordinated action with proposed controllers are tested. The simulation results show that the proposed controller provides satisfactory performance in terms of improvements of transient stability of the system. The results indicate that the coordinated POD & PSS action further improves the dynamic performance of the system under various system conditions.
{"title":"Coordinated tuning of POD and PSS controllers with STATCOM in increasing the oscillation stability of single and multi-machine power system","authors":"S. Kanojia, V. Chandrakar","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153289","url":null,"abstract":"Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a shunt connected voltage source converter (VSC), which can affect rapid control of reactive flow in the transmission line by controlling the generated a.c. voltage. The main aim of the paper is to design a power system installed with a Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and demonstrates the application of the model in analyzing the damping effect of the STATCOM to improve power system oscillation stability. The proposed controllers are designed to coordinate two control inputs: Voltage of the injection bus and capacitor voltage of the STATCOM, to improve the transient stability of a SMIB system and multimachine system. The STATCOM controller namely conventional PI controller. The power oscillations damping (POD) control and power system stabilizer (PSS) and their coordinated action with proposed controllers are tested. The simulation results show that the proposed controller provides satisfactory performance in terms of improvements of transient stability of the system. The results indicate that the coordinated POD & PSS action further improves the dynamic performance of the system under various system conditions.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131289427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153288
Kaustubh A. Vyas, J. Jamnani
Role of substation is crucial in overall functionality of power system. In any substation, grounding system deserves considerable attention as far as performance and design are considered. Design of an effective grounding system is of very much importance because it deals with personnel safety and also operation and protection of equipments. Main purpose of this work is development of software ‘Optimal Ground Grid Designer’ which gives safe and optimum design of substation grounding system. This software has been designed using MATLAB as a mathematical tool. Methodology adopted for designing the grounding grid is as per IEEE standard 80–2000. Moreover this program also allows two layered soil modeling which is not given in IEEE guide. This program allows simple analysis of grounding system performance for given data and is able to recommend optimal design of the grounding system in the given conditions and safety constraints. A Design problem of grounding system design of 400 kV ASOJ (Gujarat) substation has been solved using this software. Results obtained here are also compared with those obtained by using ‘Ground Grid Systems’ module of ETAP. A close agreement is observed between the results obtained by both softwares. Hence the software developed herein effectively gives optimal design of substation grounding system in terms of cost effectiveness as well as safety for various grid geometries.
{"title":"Optimal design and development of software for design of substation grounding system","authors":"Kaustubh A. Vyas, J. Jamnani","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153288","url":null,"abstract":"Role of substation is crucial in overall functionality of power system. In any substation, grounding system deserves considerable attention as far as performance and design are considered. Design of an effective grounding system is of very much importance because it deals with personnel safety and also operation and protection of equipments. Main purpose of this work is development of software ‘Optimal Ground Grid Designer’ which gives safe and optimum design of substation grounding system. This software has been designed using MATLAB as a mathematical tool. Methodology adopted for designing the grounding grid is as per IEEE standard 80–2000. Moreover this program also allows two layered soil modeling which is not given in IEEE guide. This program allows simple analysis of grounding system performance for given data and is able to recommend optimal design of the grounding system in the given conditions and safety constraints. A Design problem of grounding system design of 400 kV ASOJ (Gujarat) substation has been solved using this software. Results obtained here are also compared with those obtained by using ‘Ground Grid Systems’ module of ETAP. A close agreement is observed between the results obtained by both softwares. Hence the software developed herein effectively gives optimal design of substation grounding system in terms of cost effectiveness as well as safety for various grid geometries.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114999624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153310
V. Tuteja, J. Patel, A. Mehta
Induction motors are popular among all types of electrical machines. Speed control of such motors is challenging due to coupling effect of speed-flux loops. Control is also exigent due to parametric variations, large operating range and external disturbances. A well established sliding mode control (SMC) technique is potential candidate to solve above said problems. Performance of SMC for Induction motor (IM) speed control is investigated for set point tracking, load disturbance and parametric variation. The simulation results show SMC based IM control is superior to conventional Proportional-Integral(PI) approach. The performance of SMC is further enhanced by adding PI control with SMC. It helps to remove offset present with only SMC.
{"title":"Performance study of sliding mode controller based induction motor drive","authors":"V. Tuteja, J. Patel, A. Mehta","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153310","url":null,"abstract":"Induction motors are popular among all types of electrical machines. Speed control of such motors is challenging due to coupling effect of speed-flux loops. Control is also exigent due to parametric variations, large operating range and external disturbances. A well established sliding mode control (SMC) technique is potential candidate to solve above said problems. Performance of SMC for Induction motor (IM) speed control is investigated for set point tracking, load disturbance and parametric variation. The simulation results show SMC based IM control is superior to conventional Proportional-Integral(PI) approach. The performance of SMC is further enhanced by adding PI control with SMC. It helps to remove offset present with only SMC.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115582720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153293
D. Parmar, Vihang M. Dholakiya, S. C. Vora
The power system stabilizer (PSS) is important to quickly damp the inter-area oscillations. From the economic point of view and to avoid redundancy, it is desired, not to employ PSS on individual generators to overcome the problem of inter-area and local mode oscillations. The eigenvalue analysis of the power system for various areas is used to determine the inter-area and local mode frequencies and participation of the generators. It is also important to identify the generator that shall be installed with PSS. A simulation study on well-adopted test system is carried out, with various possibilities, to determine the optimal placement of the PSS. The observations of the certain analysis are helpful in determining the PSS placement and are presented in the paper.
{"title":"Optimal placement of power system stabilizers: Simulation studies on a test system","authors":"D. Parmar, Vihang M. Dholakiya, S. C. Vora","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153293","url":null,"abstract":"The power system stabilizer (PSS) is important to quickly damp the inter-area oscillations. From the economic point of view and to avoid redundancy, it is desired, not to employ PSS on individual generators to overcome the problem of inter-area and local mode oscillations. The eigenvalue analysis of the power system for various areas is used to determine the inter-area and local mode frequencies and participation of the generators. It is also important to identify the generator that shall be installed with PSS. A simulation study on well-adopted test system is carried out, with various possibilities, to determine the optimal placement of the PSS. The observations of the certain analysis are helpful in determining the PSS placement and are presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"2 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113963111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153239
Nidhi Purohit, Richa Sinha, Khushbu Maurya
Wireless networks are gaining popularity to its peak today, as the user's wants wireless connectivity irrespective of their geographic position. There is an increasing threat of attacks on the Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET). The attacks studied in this paper are against the routing protocols in Mobile ad hoc network. We have used AODV for simulating this attacks using NS3. Black hole attack is one of the security threat in which the traffic is redirected to such a node that drops all the packets or the node actually does not exist in the network. Black holes refer to places in the network where incoming traffic is silently discarded or dropped. Jellyfish (JF) attack is a type of selective black hole attack. When JF node gets hold of forwarding packet it starts delaying/dropping data packets for certain amount of time before forwarding normally. Since packet loss is common in mobile wireless networks, the attacker can exploit this fact by hiding its malicious intents using compliant packet losses that appear to be caused by environmental reasons.
{"title":"Simulation study of Black hole and Jellyfish attack on MANET using NS3","authors":"Nidhi Purohit, Richa Sinha, Khushbu Maurya","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153239","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless networks are gaining popularity to its peak today, as the user's wants wireless connectivity irrespective of their geographic position. There is an increasing threat of attacks on the Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET). The attacks studied in this paper are against the routing protocols in Mobile ad hoc network. We have used AODV for simulating this attacks using NS3. Black hole attack is one of the security threat in which the traffic is redirected to such a node that drops all the packets or the node actually does not exist in the network. Black holes refer to places in the network where incoming traffic is silently discarded or dropped. Jellyfish (JF) attack is a type of selective black hole attack. When JF node gets hold of forwarding packet it starts delaying/dropping data packets for certain amount of time before forwarding normally. Since packet loss is common in mobile wireless networks, the attacker can exploit this fact by hiding its malicious intents using compliant packet losses that appear to be caused by environmental reasons.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121205518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153226
A. Rajawat, Upendra Dwivedi, D. Jain, A. Upadhyay
Now day's data integration is the new era of research of combining data residing at different sources and providing the user with a unified view. The problem with designing of data integration system is challenging task in real world applications. Characterization of integrated is interesting from a conceptual point of view. This research presents an overview of data integration of the given material. In this research, we are highlighting some of the theoretical issues that are relevant and important for data integration. We are emphasizing on some aspects of modeling that includes data integration applications, processing queries in data integration, dealing with inconsistent data source and reasoning on queries. Our proposed methodology defines coverage of schemas and query processing for distribute data sources followed by the query optimization, query languages implementation for querying structured, semi structured and unstructured data. and reducing data inconsistencies during data integrations.
{"title":"Integration of data source using query processing for distribute heterogeneous environment","authors":"A. Rajawat, Upendra Dwivedi, D. Jain, A. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153226","url":null,"abstract":"Now day's data integration is the new era of research of combining data residing at different sources and providing the user with a unified view. The problem with designing of data integration system is challenging task in real world applications. Characterization of integrated is interesting from a conceptual point of view. This research presents an overview of data integration of the given material. In this research, we are highlighting some of the theoretical issues that are relevant and important for data integration. We are emphasizing on some aspects of modeling that includes data integration applications, processing queries in data integration, dealing with inconsistent data source and reasoning on queries. Our proposed methodology defines coverage of schemas and query processing for distribute data sources followed by the query optimization, query languages implementation for querying structured, semi structured and unstructured data. and reducing data inconsistencies during data integrations.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122949085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153260
Vasani Ekta, Manisha A. Upadhyay, D. Kothari
In this paper, we address the design of Cooperative communication with coding schemes for the 3-node relay channel with half-duplex constraint. Based on an analysis of the extrinsic information transfer characteristics (EXIT) chart of the component codes we investigate the potential of Turbo codes which are employed by the source node in order to increase the reliability of the system. The source node transmits coded symbols to both the relay and the destination nodes during the first transmission period. The relay performs parallel concatenated codes decoding. It then re-encodes the information bits using a Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) code during the second transmission period. The resultant symbols transmitted from the source and relay nodes can be viewed as the coded symbols of a three-component parallel-concatenated encoder. Thus the EXIT chart is used for iterative decoding and it is helpful to find the best constituent coding schemes for creating parallel concatenated codes for cooperative communication. Thus by considering the interleaver size, code rate and code polynomial we can design a system for cooperative communication using Turbo codes.
{"title":"Optimization of parallel concatenated turbo code for coded cooperative communication using extrinsic information transfer chart","authors":"Vasani Ekta, Manisha A. Upadhyay, D. Kothari","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153260","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address the design of Cooperative communication with coding schemes for the 3-node relay channel with half-duplex constraint. Based on an analysis of the extrinsic information transfer characteristics (EXIT) chart of the component codes we investigate the potential of Turbo codes which are employed by the source node in order to increase the reliability of the system. The source node transmits coded symbols to both the relay and the destination nodes during the first transmission period. The relay performs parallel concatenated codes decoding. It then re-encodes the information bits using a Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) code during the second transmission period. The resultant symbols transmitted from the source and relay nodes can be viewed as the coded symbols of a three-component parallel-concatenated encoder. Thus the EXIT chart is used for iterative decoding and it is helpful to find the best constituent coding schemes for creating parallel concatenated codes for cooperative communication. Thus by considering the interleaver size, code rate and code polynomial we can design a system for cooperative communication using Turbo codes.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127586907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153290
A. Khemani, N. Patel
In competitive electricity markets, one of the important tasks of the system operator is to manage congestion of transmission lines as it leads to a violation of network security limits. This paper presents an effective approach for system operator to identify the most sensitive zone to relieve congestion in transmission lines. In this approach sensitivity factors are utilized to perform the task of defining the system into no. of zones. Once the zones are formed then the task of SO becomes much easier as they have to concentrate on most sensitive zone rather on the entire system. Also concept of desired generation scheduling is proposed for rescheduling generation in order to relieve congestion. By this method the contribution of generators to the congested line is to be found out which are thereafter utilized for rescheduling purpose of relieving congestion. Here our task is managing congestion of most sensitive zone with the help of rescheduling of generators in that particular zone only. Thus we are trying to make the system congestion free without disturbing the generators of the other zones of the system that is only by means of the generators of its own zone. Results obtained for network overload alleviation of IEEE 30 Bus System & IEEE 39 Bus New England System are presented for illustration purposes. Here in this approach only real power flow violations of lines has been considered.
{"title":"Generation rescheduling of most sensitive zone for congestion management","authors":"A. Khemani, N. Patel","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153290","url":null,"abstract":"In competitive electricity markets, one of the important tasks of the system operator is to manage congestion of transmission lines as it leads to a violation of network security limits. This paper presents an effective approach for system operator to identify the most sensitive zone to relieve congestion in transmission lines. In this approach sensitivity factors are utilized to perform the task of defining the system into no. of zones. Once the zones are formed then the task of SO becomes much easier as they have to concentrate on most sensitive zone rather on the entire system. Also concept of desired generation scheduling is proposed for rescheduling generation in order to relieve congestion. By this method the contribution of generators to the congested line is to be found out which are thereafter utilized for rescheduling purpose of relieving congestion. Here our task is managing congestion of most sensitive zone with the help of rescheduling of generators in that particular zone only. Thus we are trying to make the system congestion free without disturbing the generators of the other zones of the system that is only by means of the generators of its own zone. Results obtained for network overload alleviation of IEEE 30 Bus System & IEEE 39 Bus New England System are presented for illustration purposes. Here in this approach only real power flow violations of lines has been considered.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125300074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153266
K. Yadav, V. Pal, Girdhari Singh, R. Yadav
Wireless sensor networks are data centric networks. Clustering of nodes is an energy efficient approach that improves the data rate of networks. E-LEACH is an energy efficient approach based on clustering. E-LEACH does not guarantee the even distribution of nodes in the clusters. Uneven size of clusters affects the load balancing of networks because TDMA schedule of nodes of smaller cluster is smaller than others that results more number of data frames per node. In this paper, a variable frame slot scheme is proposed with E-LEACH. Variable frame slots for clusters make network more load balanced. Simulation is carried out in NS-2 to analyze the node death rate and data units gathered with node death rate for E-LEACH with variable frame length. Variable frame slot scheme for clusters is also measured with the varying distance of base station from the field. Simulation results show that E_LEACH with variable frame length has an improvement of 7% in node death rate over E-LEACH and an improvement of 5% in data gathering with node death rate. Results suggest that variable frame length scheme improves the performance of E_LEACH scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks and have most significant result at base station located at 75m from the field.
{"title":"Variable frame slot clustering scheme for data gathering wireless sensor networks","authors":"K. Yadav, V. Pal, Girdhari Singh, R. Yadav","doi":"10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NUICONE.2011.6153266","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks are data centric networks. Clustering of nodes is an energy efficient approach that improves the data rate of networks. E-LEACH is an energy efficient approach based on clustering. E-LEACH does not guarantee the even distribution of nodes in the clusters. Uneven size of clusters affects the load balancing of networks because TDMA schedule of nodes of smaller cluster is smaller than others that results more number of data frames per node. In this paper, a variable frame slot scheme is proposed with E-LEACH. Variable frame slots for clusters make network more load balanced. Simulation is carried out in NS-2 to analyze the node death rate and data units gathered with node death rate for E-LEACH with variable frame length. Variable frame slot scheme for clusters is also measured with the varying distance of base station from the field. Simulation results show that E_LEACH with variable frame length has an improvement of 7% in node death rate over E-LEACH and an improvement of 5% in data gathering with node death rate. Results suggest that variable frame length scheme improves the performance of E_LEACH scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks and have most significant result at base station located at 75m from the field.","PeriodicalId":206392,"journal":{"name":"2011 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127711147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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