Progress in Biomaterials最新文献

This work uses optimization study to formulate a patient-friendly antitussive fast-dissolving oral film based on phenylephrine hydrochloride (Phen) and dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Dex). The designed films were based on hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) with two grades (E5 and E50) as a film-forming polymer by the solvent-casting method. Polyethylene glycol with two molar masses (400 and 1000) was used as a plasticizer, while aspartame was used as a sweetener and microcrystalline cellulose intended to act as a disintegrant. To find an optimum formulation, a response surface methodology and a central composite design were employed. The percentage of HPMC E50, and PEG, as a plasticizer, were considered to be the design factors. Film thickness, surface pH, disintegration time, dissolution percent, tensile strength, elongation percent and folding endurance were considered to be the responses. A film with 11.46% E50, 88.54% E5, 25% of two drugs (8.4% of Phen and 16.6% of Dex) and 18.54% plasticizer is designed and prepared as the optimum formulation for Phen/Dex fast-dissolving oral films, with 95% confidence levels.

Currently, the treatment of burns poses a significant challenge to clinical surgical. The use of nanofibers combined with drugs provides an entirely new option for treating burns. Alum-borneol combination has been shown as a promising alternative in clinical burn treatment. However, the utilization of the alum-borneol combination is not optimistic due to the low solubility of borneol. In this study, alum-borneol incorporated polyvinyl pyrrolidone fibers with a core-shell structure were fabricated through coaxial electrospinning. In vitro Borneol release behavior of fibers with different ratios of alum to borneol was explored. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimeter, in vitro drug release, and in vitro release mechanism were evaluated. The results showed that the fiber membranes maintained an integrated morphology. In vitro dissolution data showed an improved solubility of borneol, which reached more than 82% at 240 min in alum-borneol fibers. It was 4.8 times higher than borneol powder, and the ratio of alum to borneol was 2:1 for the best results. Therefore, alum-borneol incorporated polyvinyl pyrrolidone fibers can significantly improve the dissolution rate of borneol, which opens up a new way for the combined application of the alum and borneol.

Despite the importance of the proper quality of blood products for safe transfusion, conventional methods for preparation and their preservation, they lack significant stability. Non-metal nanoparticles with particular features may overcome these challenges. This review study for the first time provided a comprehensive vision of the interaction of non-metal nanoparticles with each blood product (red blood cells, platelets and plasma proteins). The findings of this review on the most effective nanoparticle for improving the stability of RBCs indicate that graphene quantum dots and nanodiamonds show compatibility with RBCs. For increasing the stability of platelet products, silica nanoparticles exhibited a suppressive impact on platelet aggregation. Pristine graphene also shows compatibility with platelets. For better stability of plasma products, graphene oxide was indicated to preserve free human serum albumin from thermal shocks at low ionic strength. For increased stability of Factor VIII, mesoporous silica nanoparticles with large pores exhibit the superb quality of recovered proteins. Furthermore, 3.2 nm quantum dots exhibited anticoagulant effects. As the best promising nanoparticles for immunoglobulin stability, graphene quantum dots showed compatibility with γ-globulins. Overall, this review recommends further research on the mentioned nanoparticles as the most potential candidates for enhancing the stability and storage of blood components.

Biodegradable metals have gained vast attention as befitting candidates for developing degradable metallic implants. Such implants are primarily employed for temporary applications and are expected to degrade or resorbed after the tissue is healed. Fe-based materials have generated considerable interest as one of the possible biodegradable metals. Like other biometals such as Mg and Zn, Fe exhibits good biocompatibility and biodegradability. The versatility in the mechanical behaviour of Fe-based materials makes them a better choice for load-bearing applications. However, the very low degradation rate of Fe in the physiological environment needs to be improved to make it compatible with tissue growth. Several studies on tailoring the degradation behaviour of Fe in the human body are already reported. Majority of these works include studies on the effect of manufacturing and processing techniques on biocompatibility and biodegradability. This article focuses on a comprehensive review and analysis of the various manufacturing and processing techniques so far reported for developing biodegradable iron-based orthopaedic implants. The current status of research in the field is neatly presented, and a summary of the works is included in the article for the benefit of researchers in the field to contextualise their research and effectively find the lacunae in the existing scholarship.

Today, due to the greater knowledge of the side effects of chemical drugs and the favorable pharmacological properties of herbal compounds, the use of these compounds is increasing. Since wounds need fast and efficient healing, wound dressing fabrication methods play an important role in wound healing. In this research, electrospinning process was used to prepare samples. Natural antibacterial compounds, such as curcumin, piperine, eugenol, and rutin were loaded in electrospun nano-fibrous based on polycaprolactone. Three-component novel systems of curcumin-piperine-eugenol (PCPiEu), and curcumin-piperine-rutin (PCPiR) were designed and prepared. Their synergistic effect was investigated and also compared with one- and two-component systems. The results showed that medium diameter nanofibers of PCPiEu and PCPiR samples was 198.38 and 142.60, respectively, and they were obtained in smooth, uniform and bead free morphology using optimization of process parameters. The amount of water absorption and water vapor permeability of the three-component samples were in the appropriate range (8.33-10.42 mg cm² h^-1) for wound dressings. The mechanical properties of samples were reduced compared to the control sample, which required further investigation. Antibacterial tests showed good results for partial toxicity of PCPiEu and PCPiR samples. Antibacterial tests showed minor toxicity in PCPiR samples and good results were obtained for PCPiEu samples. In addition, the results showed that PCPiEu and PCPiR samples exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Enterococcus faecalis bacterium, so that killing ability of 74% and 75% against Gram-positive bacterium and 99.47% and 96.88% against Gram-negative bacterium were obtained for these three systems, respectively.