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Neutron and photon dose rate distributions in linac rooms 直线加速器室中子和光子剂量率分布
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.43
K. Kosako, K. Masumoto, K. Oishi, Hajime Nakamura, A. Toyoda, K. Iijima, Takashi Nakamura
In the X-ray irradiation of the 18 MeV electron linac, the spatial distributions of neutron and photon ambient dose equivalent rates were measured by ADC plastic dosimeter and Optical Stimulated Luminescence dosimeter in the linac room. The spatial distributions were measured on the surface of the linac device, the irradiation room and the maze pathway. The calculations were executed for three types of linac head models with the MCNP5 code. The calculated accuracy of the spatial distribution was evaluated by comparing the measured results. The calculation-to-experiment ratios (C/E) of dose rates by the detailed linac head models converged to the range from 0.8 to 5. The radioactivities of the concrete of linac room floor were measured and compared with the calculated result.
在18mev电子直线加速器的x射线照射下,利用ADC塑料剂量计和光学激发发光剂量计测量了直线加速器室内中子和光子环境剂量当量率的空间分布。测量了直线装置表面、辐照室表面和迷宫通道表面的空间分布。用MCNP5程序对三种直线机头模型进行了计算。通过对实测结果的比较,对空间分布的计算精度进行了评价。详细直线水头模型的剂量率计算与实验比(C/E)趋近于0.8 ~ 5的范围。对直线室地板混凝土的放射性进行了测量,并与计算结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Study on evaluation of applying flocculating agents for efficient decontamination of radioactively contaminated soil 絮凝剂对放射性污染土壤高效去污效果的评价研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.68
J. Song, Sun-Il Kim
The cases where the soil is widely contaminated by radioactive material include nuclear power plant accidents, such as Chernobyl and Fukushima, and repair of NPPs. The key nuclide involved in soil contamination is Cs, and Cs is emitted in gaseous form during an NPP accident and contaminates a wide area. The methods of recovering soil contaminated by radioactive materials include soil washing and electro-kinetic. In this paper, the authors selected the soil washing process, used flocculating agents, and measured the removal rate of the fine soil and Cs ions which are strongly combined with Cs. When the flocculating agent was put into the aqueous solution containing the fine soil and cesium, the maximum removal rate was 88%, and the minimum removal rate was about 67%.
土壤被放射性物质广泛污染的案例包括切尔诺贝利和福岛等核电站事故,以及核电站的维修。土壤污染的关键核素是铯,在核电站事故中,铯以气态形式排放,污染范围很广。放射性物质污染土壤的修复方法有洗土法和电动力法。本文选择了洗土工艺,使用絮凝剂,测定了细粒土壤和与Cs强结合的Cs离子的去除率。将絮凝剂投加到含有细土和铯的水溶液中,最大去除率为88%,最小去除率约为67%。
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引用次数: 0
Applicability of a practical calibration for the small-type OSL dosimeter for measuring doses from direct X-rays and penetrating X-rays affected by scattered radiation 用于测量受散射辐射影响的直接x射线和穿透x射线剂量的小型OSL剂量计的实用校准的适用性
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.22
T. Okazaki, H. Hayashi, Y. Mihara, T. Asahara, N. Kimoto, Y. Kanazawa, Kosaku Higashino, Kazuta Yamashita, S. Yokoyama, K. Takegami, T. Hashizume, V. Cruz, I. Kobayashi
aNagase Landauer, Ltd., Block C22-1, Suwa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2686, Japan; bKanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-0942, Japan; cGraduated School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University,3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan; dFUJITA HEALTH UNIVERSITY,1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan; eYamaguchi University Hospital,1-1-1, MinamiKogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan; fSOKENDAI, Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0193, Japan; gUniversity of Fukui, 1-3-33 Kanawa-cho, Tsuruga, Fukui 914-0055, Japan
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引用次数: 1
Study on leakage test of iodine adsorber using cyclohexane 环己烷吸碘器泄漏试验研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/pnst.6.13
Jie Yu, Jianxin Du, Longjiang Wang, Yongguo Li, T. Qiao, Y. Zhang
A new method for performance test of iodine adsorber, which is called cyclohexane method, is developed. Leakage simulation experiments and stability experiments using cyclohexane and freon respectively were conducted and compared to study the feasibility of using cyclohexane to replace Freon for in situ performance tests of iodine adsorber. In addition, the sorption and desorption behaviors of cyclohexane in impregnated activated carbon of iodine adsorber were investigated to study their effects on in situ mechanical leakage tests. For this reason, the effects of different carrier gas temperature, relative humidity, flow rate, and cyclohexane concentration in air were carefully investigated. Experimental results show that cyclohexane can be retained about 500 min in activated carbon bed therefore it can be used to replace freon to avoid its damage to atmosphere and temperature needs to pay attention in in situ performance tests because of its significant affection.
提出了一种新的碘吸附剂性能测试方法——环己烷法。分别进行了环己烷和氟里昂的泄漏模拟实验和稳定性实验,并进行了对比,研究了环己烷代替氟里昂进行碘吸附器原位性能试验的可行性。此外,还研究了环己烷在碘吸附剂浸渍活性炭上的吸附和解吸行为,研究了其对原位机械泄漏试验的影响。为此,仔细研究了载气温度、相对湿度、流量和空气中环己烷浓度的影响。实验结果表明,环己烷在活性炭床上的滞留时间可达500 min左右,可以代替氟里昂,避免其对大气和温度的破坏,因此在现场性能试验中需要注意温度的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of the characteristics of gamma-ray dose measurements with an experimental wireless dose monitoring system 用实验无线剂量监测系统估计伽马射线剂量测量的特性
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.77
T. Fujibuchi, Yuta Nozaki, Y. Ishigaki, Y. Matsumoto
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引用次数: 2
Basic evaluation of the Eu:BaFBr and Ce:CaF2 hybrid type optical fiber based dosimeter system for correction of quenching effect under carbon ion irradiation Eu:BaFBr和Ce:CaF2混合型光纤剂量计系统校正碳离子辐照猝灭效应的基本评价
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.238
Yuho Hirata, Kenichi Watanabe, A. Yamazaki, S. Yoshihashi, A. Uritani, Y. Koba, N. Matsufuji, T. Yanagida, K. Fukuda
We fabricated the hybrid type optical fiber based dosimeter system using Eu:BaFBr and Ce:CaF2 optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) materials in order to correct the quenching effect under high LET particle irradiation. The fabricated dosimeter probe can obtain signals from both OSL materials through one optical fiber. We investigated the probe response by irradiating it with mono-energetic carbon ions and broad-spectrum ones making the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP). We demonstrated that the SOBP shape can be improved by correction of the quenching effect using the relationship between the luminescence efficiency and the signal intensity ratio of both OSL materials.
利用Eu:BaFBr和Ce:CaF2光激发发光(OSL)材料制备了基于混合光纤的剂量计系统,以纠正高LET粒子辐照下的猝灭效应。所制备的剂量计探头可以通过一根光纤同时获得两种OSL材料的信号。研究了单能碳离子和广谱碳离子对探针的响应,使其产生展布喇格峰(SOBP)。利用两种OSL材料的发光效率与信号强度比之间的关系,我们证明了通过校正猝灭效应可以改善SOBP的形状。
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引用次数: 1
The latest estimation for the parameter α value of radiation protection optimization in China 中国辐射防护优化参数α值的最新估计
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.175
Jia Linsheng, Yang Yapeng, Feng Zongyang, X. Xiaoxiao, Zhang Jiangang
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of photon yield in liquid scintillation counter by using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation 利用Geant4蒙特卡罗模拟估算液体闪烁计数器的光子产率
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.260
T. Aso, M. Hara, M. Shoji, T. Furusawa, T. Yoshimura, Y. Kato
Liquid scintillation counter (LSC) is an efficient technique for quantitative measurement of radioactivity in low energy beta decay nuclide. However, the detection efficiency varies with quench effect that caused by missing energy in the conversion from the energy of beta-ray to the intensity of scintillating photons. For the purpose of investigating the effect of photon yield on efficiency and quench level, the Geant4 simulation has been performed. The simulation modeled LSC-5100 manufactured by Hitachi Ltd. It consists of two photomultipliers (PMTs) placed around a sample vial in an optical chamber, and the activity is determined by using the count of double coincidence event in two PMTs. The simulation accounts for radioactive decay, electromagnetic interactions, scintillation and optical photon processes. The LSC spectrum was calculated from optical photons reached at the PMT windows. The photon yields in the simulation were estimated to reproduce the measured spectra in C-14 and H-3 standard quenched samples of Ultima Gold provided by PerkinElmer Co. Ltd. The calculated efficiencies in the photon yields well reproduced the measured efficiencies. In addition, the estimated photon yields were verified in the simulation of the external standard channel ratio (ESCR) with Cs-137 source. The ESCRs in the simulation reproduced the measured ESCRs as well.
液体闪烁计数器是低能衰变核素放射性定量测量的一种有效技术。然而,由于射线的能量向闪烁光子强度的转换过程中缺少能量而导致的猝灭效应导致探测效率的变化。为了研究光子产率对效率和淬灭水平的影响,进行了Geant4仿真。仿真以日立公司生产的LSC-5100为模型。它由两个光电倍增管(pmt)组成,放置在光学室的样品瓶周围,并通过使用两个光电倍增管中的双符合事件计数来确定活度。模拟计算了放射性衰变、电磁相互作用、闪烁和光光子过程。LSC光谱是根据到达PMT窗口的光子计算出来的。在模拟中估计光子产率,以再现由PerkinElmer公司提供的Ultima Gold的C-14和H-3标准淬火样品的测量光谱。计算得到的光子效率与测量得到的效率相当吻合。此外,在Cs-137源的外标准通道比(ESCR)模拟中验证了估计的光子产率。模拟中的escr也复制了测量的escr。
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引用次数: 0
Design and development of nuclear accident offsite consequence assessment system (NAOCAS_V3.0) 核事故场外后果评价系统(NAOCAS_V3.0)的设计与开发
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.185
Lyu Minghua, Yao Rentai, Hao Hongwei, Zhao Duoxin, H. Sha, Zhang Junfang, Cheng Longquan, Zhang Fang
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of reactor-neutrino oscillation experiment based on consideration of internal constituent motion 考虑内组分运动的反应堆-中微子振荡实验分析
Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.15669/PNST.6.251
K. Ishibashi, S. Suda, Eunji Lee, N. Shigyo
Experimental data of neutrino oscillation have been obtained for electron antineutrinos from nuclear reactors in recent years. The experimental data have been successfully analyzed by assuming that the oscillation phenomenon is expressed by mixing angle θ and squared eigen neutrino mass difference Δm . It is of interest to explain the phenomena from another point of view. We attempted to find the neutrino internal motion that is consistent to the standard theory for weak interaction. As a test of internal constituent motion, the time evolution of internal particles was calculated. It was found that the oscillation length of 100 km level was explainable without use of Δm . A discussion was provided about possible existence of additional constituent in the neutrino system.
近年来,从核反应堆中获得了电子反中微子的中微子振荡实验数据。假设振荡现象用混合角θ和本征中微子质量差的平方Δm表示,成功地分析了实验数据。从另一个角度来解释这些现象是很有趣的。我们试图找到符合弱相互作用标准理论的中微子内部运动。作为内部组成运动的检验,计算了内部粒子的时间演化。结果表明,在不使用Δm的情况下,可以解释100 km水平的振荡长度。对中微子系统中可能存在的附加成分进行了讨论。
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Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology
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