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Text-based question routing for question answering communities via deep learning 通过深度学习为问答社区提供基于文本的问题路由
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019762
Amr Azzam, N. Tazi, A. Hossny
Online Communities for Question Answering (CQA) such as Quora and Stack Overflow face the challenge of providing sufficient answers for the questions asked by users. The exponential growing rate of the unanswered questions compromises the effectiveness of the CQA frameworks as knowledge sharing platforms. The main reason for this issue is the inefficient routing of the questions to the potential answerers, who are the field experts and interested users. This paper proposes the deep-learning-based technique QR-DSSM to increase the accuracy of the question routing process. This technique uses deep semantic similarity model (DSSM) to extract semantic similarity features using deep neural networks and use the features to rank users' profiles. QR-DSSM maps the asked questions and the profiles of the users into a latent semantic space where the ability to answer is measured using the cosine similarity between the questions and the profiles of the users. QR-DSSM experiments outperformed the baseline models such as LDA, SVM, and Rank-SVM techniques and achieved an MRR score of 0.1737.
像Quora和Stack Overflow这样的在线问答社区(CQA)面临着为用户提出的问题提供足够答案的挑战。未解决问题的指数级增长速度损害了CQA框架作为知识共享平台的有效性。造成这个问题的主要原因是将问题路由到潜在的答案(即领域专家和感兴趣的用户)的效率低下。为了提高问题路由过程的准确性,本文提出了基于深度学习的QR-DSSM技术。该技术利用深度语义相似度模型(deep semantic similarity model, DSSM),利用深度神经网络提取语义相似度特征,并利用这些特征对用户档案进行排序。QR-DSSM将所问的问题和用户的配置文件映射到一个潜在的语义空间,在这个语义空间中,使用问题和用户的配置文件之间的余弦相似度来测量回答的能力。QR-DSSM实验优于LDA、SVM、Rank-SVM等基线模型,MRR得分为0.1737。
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引用次数: 10
Usability evaluation and development of heuristics for second-screen applications 第二屏幕应用程序的可用性评估和启发式开发
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019883
E. Mosqueira-Rey, David Alonso-Ríos, Diego Prado-Gesto, V. Moret-Bonillo
This paper describes a methodological approach for the usability evaluation of a second-screen application, that is, the use of the same application in two devices simultaneously, one of them taking a more passive role acting as a second screen. In our case, the devices are a tablet and a smart TV, and the application is a sports news application that provides news and multimedia content. We perform the usability analysis of the application following some comprehensive taxonomies of usability and context-of-use attributes. We put the focus of the analysis on the interaction between the two devices because it is the most challenging part and is a new form of use that is becoming more common nowadays. After this analysis we generalize some usability heuristics that can be useful for assessing second-screen applications.
本文描述了一种评估第二屏幕应用程序可用性的方法,即同时在两台设备上使用同一应用程序,其中一台设备充当第二屏幕的被动角色。在我们的示例中,设备是平板电脑和智能电视,应用程序是提供新闻和多媒体内容的体育新闻应用程序。我们按照可用性和使用上下文属性的一些综合分类对应用程序执行可用性分析。我们将分析的重点放在两种设备之间的交互上,因为这是最具挑战性的部分,也是当今越来越普遍的一种新使用形式。在此分析之后,我们总结了一些可用性启发式方法,这些方法对评估第二屏幕应用程序很有用。
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引用次数: 6
Driving time-dependent paths in clinical BPMN processes 驱动临床BPMN过程中的时间依赖路径
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019620
Combi Carlo, P. Sala, Francesca Zerbato
The modeling of temporal aspects in BPMN processes is poorly addressed to date, despite the crucial role played by time during process design and execution. In the clinical domain, temporal conditions often constrain medical decisions that drive healthcare process execution and organizational outcomes. However, both temporal constraints and their effects on process decisions are often hidden within process models. In this paper, we deal with modeling a set of selected time constraints that "decide" how process execution paths are taken and we address their enforcement in BPMN process diagrams. A formal semantics based on timed automata clarifies the behavior of the proposed processes.
尽管时间在流程设计和执行过程中起着至关重要的作用,但迄今为止,BPMN流程中时间方面的建模还没有得到很好的解决。在临床领域,时间条件通常会约束驱动医疗流程执行和组织结果的医疗决策。然而,时间约束及其对流程决策的影响通常隐藏在流程模型中。在本文中,我们对一组选定的时间约束进行建模,这些时间约束“决定”如何采用流程执行路径,并在BPMN流程图中解决它们的实施问题。基于时间自动机的形式化语义澄清了所提议过程的行为。
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引用次数: 3
On-the-fly transformation synthesis for information sharing in heterogeneous multi-agent systems 异构多智能体系统信息共享的动态变换综合
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019879
S. Niemczyk, Nugroho Fredivianus, K. Geihs
Cooperation in multi-agent teams opens up the possibility of solving large-scale and complex tasks. One of the important aspects in performing cooperation is the ability to share information. In this paper, we propose an on-the-fly synthesis of transformations that enables information sharing in a dynamic group of heterogeneous agents. The synthesis is done by a declarative logic program, which is based on semantic descriptions of representations. Our experiments show that this approach is useful to compensate heterogeneity in dynamic multi-agent teams.
多智能体团队中的合作为解决大规模复杂任务提供了可能。进行合作的一个重要方面是共享信息的能力。在本文中,我们提出了一种动态的转换综合,使信息共享在一个动态的异构代理组。综合是由声明性逻辑程序完成的,该程序基于表示的语义描述。我们的实验表明,这种方法可以有效地补偿动态多智能体团队中的异质性。
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引用次数: 1
Genetic algorithm based patching scheme for worm containment on social network 基于遗传算法的社交网络蠕虫围堵修补方案
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019912
Donghwa Kang, Seoyeon Kim, Jinmang Jung, Bongjae Kim, Hong Min, Junyoung Heo
With the increasing number of online social networking site users, there is increasing cyber attacks on online social networks. Strong connectivity among users of the social networking site makes the information of interest rapidly spread. If the worm disguised as information to attract users' interest spreads on online social networking sites, it can cause great damage. Therefore, a fast patch propagation schemes need to be able to inhibit the activity of the worm. In this paper, we propose a fast patch propagation scheme based on genetic algorithms for online social networks.
随着在线社交网站用户数量的增加,针对在线社交网站的网络攻击也越来越多。社交网站用户之间的强连通性使得感兴趣的信息迅速传播。如果蠕虫伪装成吸引用户兴趣的信息在网络社交网站上传播,会造成很大的危害。因此,一个快速的补丁传播方案需要能够抑制蠕虫的活动。本文提出了一种基于遗传算法的在线社交网络快速补丁传播方案。
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引用次数: 1
Doctrine based multi-resolution HLA distributed simulation 基于原理的HLA多分辨率分布式仿真
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019727
R. L. Paul, Raul Ceretta Nunes, Vanderlan D. Oliveira, Diogo Kunde
In distributed simulation, the purpose of multi-resolution methods is to allow simulation integration getting consistent views of different resolutions. In these methods, challenges in the treatment of aggregation and disaggregation can be found, such as synchronization of events and objects, and data reliability when occurs a change of resolution. Doctrines are the basis for operations involving different resources (human and material) with different roles to succeed in operation, and multi-resolution in distributed simulation can take advantage of this factor to ensure the reliability of aggregation and disaggregation processes. The aim of this paper is to propose a new strategy for treatment of multi-resolution, which builds converting rules from doctrine dynamic rules. The multi-resolution converter uses dynamic rules to describe aspects of the doctrine in the aggregation and disaggregation processes, increasing the reliability of multi-resolution distributed simulations. This strategy was implemented on a High Level Architecture (HLA) federation with virtual and constructive Commercial Off- The-Shelf (COTS) simulators. The experiments showed the flexibility of this strategy on managing different doctrines.
在分布式仿真中,多分辨率方法的目的是允许仿真集成获得不同分辨率的一致视图。在这些方法中,可以发现在处理聚合和分解方面的挑战,例如事件和对象的同步,以及发生分辨率变化时的数据可靠性。学说是涉及不同资源(人力和物力)、具有不同作用的作战行动取得成功的基础,分布式仿真中的多分辨率可以利用这一因素来保证聚合和分解过程的可靠性。本文的目的是提出一种新的多分辨率处理策略,即由条理性动态规则构建转换规则。多分辨率转换器在聚合和分解过程中使用动态规则来描述理论的各个方面,提高了多分辨率分布式仿真的可靠性。该策略是在一个具有虚拟和建设性商业现成(COTS)模拟器的高级体系结构(HLA)联盟上实现的。实验表明,这种策略在处理不同学说时具有灵活性。
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引用次数: 1
An asynchronous distributed constraint optimization approach to multi-robot path planning with complex constraints 复杂约束下多机器人路径规划的异步分布式约束优化方法
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019708
Alberto Viseras Ruiz, Valentina Karolj, L. Merino
Multi-robot teams can play a crucial role in many applications such as exploration, or search and rescue operations. One of the most important problems within the multi-robot context is path planning. This has been shown to be particularly challenging, as the team of robots must deal with additional constraints, e.g. inter-robot collision avoidance, while searching in a much larger action space. Previous works have proposed solutions to this problem, but they present two major drawbacks: (i) algorithms suffer from a high computational complexity, or (ii) algorithms require a communication link between any two robots within the system. This paper presents a method to solve this problem, which is both computationally efficient and only requires local communication between neighboring agents. We formulate the multirobot path planning as a distributed constraint optimization problem. Specifically, in our approach the asynchronous distributed constraint optimization algorithm (Adopt) [15] is combined with sampling-based planners to obtain collision free paths, which allows us to take into account both kinematic and kinodynamic constraints of the individual robots. The paper analyzes the performance and scalability of the approach using simulations, and presents real experiments employing a team of several robots.
多机器人团队可以在许多应用中发挥关键作用,例如勘探,或搜索和救援行动。多机器人环境中最重要的问题之一是路径规划。这已经被证明是特别具有挑战性的,因为机器人团队必须处理额外的约束,例如,在更大的行动空间中搜索时,机器人之间的碰撞避免。以前的工作已经提出了解决这个问题的方法,但它们提出了两个主要缺点:(i)算法的计算复杂性很高,或者(ii)算法需要系统内任意两个机器人之间的通信链接。本文提出了一种解决这一问题的方法,该方法不仅计算效率高,而且只需要相邻代理之间进行局部通信。我们将多机器人路径规划表述为一个分布式约束优化问题。具体来说,在我们的方法中,异步分布式约束优化算法(采用)[15]与基于采样的规划器相结合,以获得无碰撞路径,这使我们能够同时考虑单个机器人的运动学和动力学约束。本文通过仿真分析了该方法的性能和可扩展性,并给出了一个由多个机器人组成的团队的真实实验。
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引用次数: 6
Schema-summarization in linked-data-based feature selection for recommender systems 基于链接数据的推荐系统特征选择中的模式总结
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019837
A. Ragone, Paolo Tomeo, Corrado Magarelli, T. D. Noia, M. Palmonari, A. Maurino, E. Sciascio
Recommender systems are emerging as an interesting application scenario for Linked Data (LD). In fact, by exploiting the knowledge encoded in LD datasets, a new generation of semantics-aware recommendation engines have been developed in the last years. As Linked Data is often very rich and contains many information that may result irrelevant and noisy for a recommendation task, an initial step of feature selection is always required in order to select the most meaningful portion of the original dataset. Many approaches have been proposed in the literature for feature selection that exploit different statistical dimensions of the original data. In this paper we investigate the role of the semantics encoded in an ontological hierarchy when exploited to select the most relevant properties for a recommendation task. In particular, we compare an approach based on schema summarization with a "classical" one, i.e., Information Gain. We evaluated the performance of the two methods in terms of accuracy and aggregate diversity by setting up an experimental testbed relying on the Movielens dataset.
推荐系统正在成为关联数据(LD)的一个有趣的应用场景。事实上,通过利用编码在LD数据集中的知识,新一代的语义感知推荐引擎在过去几年中已经被开发出来。由于关联数据通常非常丰富,并且包含许多可能导致推荐任务不相关和有噪声的信息,因此总是需要进行特征选择的初始步骤,以便选择原始数据集中最有意义的部分。文献中提出了许多利用原始数据的不同统计维度进行特征选择的方法。在本文中,我们研究了本体层次结构中编码的语义在为推荐任务选择最相关属性时的作用。特别地,我们将基于模式总结的方法与“经典”方法(即信息增益)进行了比较。我们基于Movielens数据集建立了一个实验测试平台,从准确性和聚合多样性两方面对两种方法的性能进行了评估。
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引用次数: 24
Exploiting implicit and explicit signed trust relationships for effective recommendations 利用隐式和显式签名信任关系进行有效推荐
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019666
Irfan Ali, Jiwon Hong, Sang-Wook Kim
Trust networks have been widely used to mitigate the data sparsity and cold-start problems of collaborative filtering. Recently, some approaches have been proposed which exploit explicit signed trust relationships, i.e., trust and distrust relationships. These approaches ignore the fact that users despite trusting/distrusting each other in a trust network may have different preferences in real-life. Most of these approaches also handle the notion of the transitivity of distrust as well as trust. However, other existing work observed that trust is transitive while distrust is intransitive. Moreover, explicit signed trust relationships are fairly sparse and may not contribute to infer true preferences of users. In this paper, we propose to create implicit signed trust relationships and exploit them along with explicit signed trust relationship to solve sparsity problem of trust relationships. We also confirm the similarity (resp. dissimilarity) of implicit and explicit trust (resp. distrust) relationships by using the similarity score between users so that users' true preferences can be inferred. In addition to these strategies, we also propose a matrix factorization model that simultaneously exploits implicit and explicit signed trust relationships along with rating information and also handles transitivity of trust and intransitivity of distrust. Extensive experiments on Epinions dataset show that the proposed approach outperforms existing approaches in terms of accuracy.
信任网络被广泛用于缓解协同过滤中的数据稀疏性和冷启动问题。近年来,人们提出了一些利用显式签名信任关系的方法,即信任和不信任关系。这些方法忽略了这样一个事实,即尽管用户在信任网络中相互信任/不信任,但在现实生活中可能有不同的偏好。这些方法中的大多数也处理不信任和信任的及物性概念。然而,其他已有的研究发现信任是可传递的,而不信任是不可传递的。此外,显式签名信任关系相当稀疏,可能无法推断用户的真实偏好。本文提出建立隐式签名信任关系,并将其与显式签名信任关系结合使用,以解决信任关系的稀疏性问题。我们也确认了相似性(见图2)。内隐信任和外显信任的差异。不信任)关系通过使用用户之间的相似性得分,从而可以推断用户的真实偏好。除此之外,我们还提出了一个矩阵分解模型,该模型同时利用隐式和显式签名信任关系以及评级信息,并处理信任的传递性和不信任的不可传递性。在Epinions数据集上的大量实验表明,该方法在准确率方面优于现有方法。
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引用次数: 6
SBMI-LTD: stationary background model initialization based on low-rank tensor decomposition 基于低秩张量分解的平稳背景模型初始化
Pub Date : 2017-04-03 DOI: 10.1145/3019612.3019687
S. Javed, T. Bouwmans, Soon Ki Jung
Initialization of background model also known as foreground-free image against outliers or noise is a very important task for various computer vision applications. Tensor deomposition using Higher Order Robust Principal Component Analysis has been shown to be a very efficient framework for exact recovery of low-rank (corresponds to the background model) component. Recent study shows that tensor decomposition based on online optimization into low- rank and sparse component addressed the limitations of memory and computational issues as compared to the earlier approaches. However, it is based on the iterative optimization of nuclear norm which is not always robust when the large entries of an input observation tensor are corrupted against outliers. Therefore, the task of background modeling shows a weak performance in the presence of an increasing number of outliers. To address this issue, this paper presents an extension of an online tensor decomposition into low-rank and sparse components using a maximum norm constraint. Since, maximum norm regularizer is more robust than nuclear norm against large number of outliers, therefore the proposed extended tensor based decomposition framework with maximum norm provides an accurate estimation of background scene. Experimental evaluations on synthetic data as well as real dataset such as Scene Background Modeling Initialization (SBMI) show encouraging performance for the task of background modeling as compared to the state of the art approaches.
背景模型(也称为无前景图像)对异常点或噪声的初始化是各种计算机视觉应用的一项非常重要的任务。使用高阶鲁棒主成分分析的张量分解已被证明是精确恢复低秩(对应于背景模型)成分的非常有效的框架。最近的研究表明,基于在线优化的张量分解为低秩和稀疏分量的方法解决了先前方法的内存限制和计算问题。然而,它是基于核范数的迭代优化,当输入观测张量的大条目被异常值破坏时,核范数并不总是鲁棒的。因此,背景建模任务在异常值数量增加的情况下表现出较弱的性能。为了解决这个问题,本文使用最大范数约束将在线张量分解扩展为低秩和稀疏分量。由于最大范数正则化器比核范数对大量离群值具有更强的鲁棒性,因此所提出的基于扩展张量的最大范数分解框架提供了对背景场景的准确估计。对合成数据以及真实数据集(如场景背景建模初始化(SBMI))的实验评估显示,与目前的方法相比,背景建模任务的性能令人鼓舞。
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引用次数: 13
期刊
Proceedings of the Symposium on Applied Computing
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