IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126130

Pauline Hampe , Ángela López-Villalba , Maho Inoue , Oleg N. Shchepin , Jan Woyzichovski , Flavius Popa , Martin Schnittler

We report a systematic survey for nivicolous myxomycetes (Amoebozoa, Myxomycetes) carried out between April 30 and May 6 in the French Pyrenees (Hautes-Pyrénées, 900–2000 m). The 738 specimens were barcoded for the nuclear small subunit ribosomal gene (nucSSU, 652, 88.3 % successful). Trichia alpina, the only bright-spored species found, was not sequenced. Additionally, a section of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (EF1A) was successfully sequenced for 496 specimens (67.2 %). The nucSSU phylogeny showed 31 dark-spored species as genetically distinct, yet not always monophyletic lineages. Two species, Polyschismium fallax and P. peyerimhoffii, were grouped in one clade, although differing in barcode sequences. These separations were confirmed by EF1A in all cases except Didymium pseudodecipiens, where EF1A sequences could not be obtained. The resolution for the species pair P. fallax and P. peyerimhoffii increased, and for Polyschismium chailletii two distinct clades were found, indicating a cryptic species complex. Based on the molecular clades, we describe in detail the corresponding morphological differences in four taxa (Didymium dubium and Didymium pseudodecipiens; Polyschismium chailletii groups a and C). The study confirms the reliability of barcoding via nucSSU with an independent second marker and delivers a barcoded, quality-checked comprehensive data set for the Pyrenees

我们报告了4月30日至5月6日在法国比利牛斯山脉（hautes - pyracimnsames, 900-2000 m）进行的一项系统调查。对738份标本进行核小亚基核糖体基因的条形码检测（nucSSU, 652, 88.3%成功）。唯一发现的亮孢子物种——高山毛癣菌（Trichia alpina）没有进行测序。此外，对496个样本（67.2%）的翻译延伸因子1- α基因片段（EF1A）进行了成功测序。nucSSU系统发育显示31个暗孢子物种在遗传上是不同的，但并不总是单系谱系。虽然在条形码序列上存在差异，但将两种植物归为一支系。这些分离在除Didymium pseudodecipiens外的所有病例中都得到了EF1A的证实，因为Didymium pseudodecipiens无法获得EF1A序列。对P. fallax和P. peyerimhoffii种对的分辨率提高了，对P. chailletii多裂属发现了两个不同的分支，表明存在一个隐蔽的物种复合体。基于分子进化枝，我们详细描述了四个分类群（Didymium duum和Didymium pseudodecipiens； Polyschismium chailletii类群a和C）相应的形态差异。该研究证实了通过nucSSU与独立的第二标记进行条形码的可靠性，并为比利牛斯山脉提供了条形码，质量检查的综合数据集

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引用次数: 0

The end of a winding path: The anaerobic ciliate Spirorhynchus is a member of the class Muranotrichea 蜿蜒路径的尽头：厌氧纤毛虫螺舌龙是Muranotrichea纲的一员。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126129

William Bourland , Ondřej Pomahač , Daniel Méndez-Sánchez , Roxanne A. Beinart , Joan M. Bernhard , Ivan Čepička , Johana Rotterová

Ciliated protists (Ciliophora) are important members of freshwater, brackish, marine, and hypersaline benthic microbial communities. As part of our broader studies of anaerobic protists, we encountered a ciliate in hypoxic sediment samples from three geographically distant saline habitats and identified it as Spirorhynchus verrucosus Cunha, 1915. This highly unusual ciliate has a complicated nomenclatural and taxonomic history and has been assigned to the armophorean family Metopidae. The distinctive cell shape and unique arrangement of ectosymbionts allows identification of this species by in vivo observation. Two populations of another ciliate, found in deep-sea sediments, were recognized as a morphologically and genetically distinct but not yet formally described Spirorhynchus species. Muranotrichea Rotterová et al., 2020 is a recently established class of obligately anaerobic marine ciliates that bear prokaryotic ectosymbionts, and includes one family with two genera and three species. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the first 18S rRNA gene sequences from the genus, place Spirorhynchus in Class Muranotrichea. In single-gene trees, Spirorhynchus is monophyletic, branching as the closest relative of a marine environmental sequence and the muranotrichean genus Thigmothrix, with which Spirorhynchus also shares some morphologic similarities. Here, we also provide the first protargol impregnations and scanning electron microscopy images from Spirorhynchus.

纤毛原生生物是淡水、半咸水、海洋和高盐底栖微生物群落的重要成员。作为我们对厌氧原生生物更广泛研究的一部分，我们在三个地理位置遥远的含盐栖息地的缺氧沉积物样本中遇到了一种毛虫，并将其鉴定为Spirorhynchus verrucosusCunha， 1915。这种极不寻常的纤毛虫有一个复杂的命名和分类历史，并被分配到甲虫科。独特的细胞形状和独特的排列外共生体允许通过体内观察来识别这个物种。在深海沉积物中发现的另一种纤毛虫的两个种群，被认为在形态和遗传上是不同的，但尚未被正式描述。Muranotrichea rotterov等人，2020是最近建立的一类专性厌氧海洋毛虫，具有原核外共生体，包括一个科，两属三种。根据该属18S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析，螺旋藻属属属归属于Muranotrichea纲。在单基因树中，Spirorhynchus是单系的，分支是海洋环境序列和muranotrichean属Thigmothrix的近亲，与后者也有一些形态上的相似之处。在这里，我们也提供了第一个原石醇浸渍和扫描电镜图像的螺旋藻。

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引用次数: 0

First report of Thraustochytrium caudivorum isolated from the undulated surf clam (Paratapes undulatus): Morphological, molecular, and ecological insights under climate change 从波浪蛤（Paratapes undulatus）中分离的盘尾蛤：气候变化下形态学、分子和生态学的见解

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126128

Yu Chen , Seung-Hyeon Kim , Jinxia Long , S.D.N.K. Bathige , Hyoun Joong Kim , Sen-Lin Tang , Kyung-Il Park

Thraustochytrium caudivorum is a marine protist of the class Labyrinthulea with limited information on its ecology and host associations. Here, we report its first isolation from the gill tissue of the undulated surf clam (Paratapes undulatus) collected from subtropical coastal waters in the western Pacific. Sequencing of an 18S rDNA fragment (1225 bp) showed 99.8 % identity to known T. caudivorum strains, with three nucleotide differences suggesting intraspecific variation. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its placement within the T. caudivorum clade, contributing to Labyrinthulea taxonomy. Morphological and ultrastructural observations revealed typical thraustochytrid traits, including lipid-rich spherical cells, multilayered cell walls, globose sporangia, and filamentous ectoplasmic network structures. Growth assays indicated optimal in vitro proliferation at 35 °C and 40 psu, suggesting strong tolerance to elevated temperature and salinity. To evaluate potential ecological interactions, Ruditapes philippinarum (Manila clam) was experimentally exposed as a surrogate host. Mortality was observed under higher temperatures, indicating possible opportunistic behavior, although no lesions or mortality were detected in the original P. undulatus specimens. These findings expand current knowledge of T. caudivorum biology and suggest its potential relevance in aquaculture and marine ecosystems, particularly under warming and salinity fluctuations associated with climate change.

黄鳝（Thraustochytrium caudivorum）是迷宫纲的一种海洋原生生物，目前对其生态学和寄主关系的研究还很有限。本文首次从西太平洋亚热带沿海水域采集的波状蛤（Paratapes undulatus）的鳃组织中分离出该菌。18S rDNA片段（1225 bp）测序结果显示，与已知的T. caudivorum菌株的同源性为99.8%，其中3个核苷酸差异提示种内变异。系统发育分析证实了其在T. caudivorum分支中的位置，有助于迷路分类。形态学和超微结构观察显示典型的胞浆胞体特征，包括富含脂质的球形细胞、多层细胞壁、球形孢子囊和丝状外质网结构。生长试验表明，在35°C和40 psu条件下体外增殖最佳，表明对高温和盐度有较强的耐受性。为了评估潜在的生态相互作用，实验暴露了菲律宾蛤（马尼拉蛤）作为替代宿主。在较高的温度下观察到死亡率，表明可能的机会行为，尽管在原始波状假单胞菌标本中未检测到病变或死亡。这些发现扩大了目前对T. caudivorum生物学的认识，并表明其在水产养殖和海洋生态系统中的潜在相关性，特别是在与气候变化相关的变暖和盐度波动下。

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引用次数: 0

Notable morphologies, molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of the dinophyte Borghiella tenuissima (Borghiellaceae, Phytodiniales) 细纹博氏菌（博氏菌科，植物双生目）的形态学、分子系统发育和分类。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126132

Büşra Şahin , Anna Müller , Paweł M. Owsianny , Corinna Romeikat , Danail P. Krastev , Juliana Chacón , Marc Gottschling

Mitotic division in dinophytes takes place either as desmoschisis or eleutheroschisis and usually, only one type is found in a species or group. Due to its big size, Borghiella tenuissima (Borghiellaceae) is a morphologically distinctive winter species. We collected plankton material in Germany and Poland, established unialgal strains and studied the morphology using light as well as scanning electron microscopy. We further obtained rRNA gene sequence data to embed them in molecular phylogenetics. Sequence data identified the strains as elements of the Borghiellaceae and showed no divergence among each other and to those of already published strains. The large flagellated cells had the characteristic, dorso-ventral flattened morphology of B. tenuissima, but many of them showed an undulated right margin of the hyposome. Contemporary material of B. tenuissima is remarkably smaller than stated in the protologue and other historical reports, which is why we have provisionally determined the studied material as B. cf. tenuissima. Moreover, B. cf. tenuissima exhibit different types of mitotic division (i.e., in the flagellated stage known as desmoschisis as well as in a deflagellated stage known as eleutheroschisis) at the same time, which might be more abundant among species of Borghiella than recognised before.

在恐龙植物中，有丝分裂的方式有两种，一种是纵裂，一种是棘裂，通常在一个物种或群中只发现一种。由于其巨大的体型，细纹博吉拉（Borghiella tenuissima）（博吉拉科）是形态学上独特的冬季物种。我们在德国和波兰收集了浮游生物材料，建立了单藻菌株，并使用光学和扫描电子显微镜研究了形态。我们进一步获得了rRNA基因序列数据，将其嵌入到分子系统发育中。序列数据表明，这些菌株属于Borghiellaceae，彼此之间以及与已发表的菌株之间没有差异。大鞭毛细胞具有蛇尾特有的背-腹扁平形态，但许多鞭毛细胞右缘呈波状。B. tenuissima的当代材料比前言和其他历史报告中所述的要小得多，这就是我们暂时确定所研究材料为B. cf. tenuissima的原因。此外，B. cf. tenuissima同时表现出不同类型的有丝分裂（即在鞭毛阶段称为desmoschisis和在鞭毛阶段称为eleutheroschisis），这可能在博格氏菌的物种中比以前认识到的更丰富。

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing the divisional mode of anaerobic genus Plagiopyla (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Plagiopylea), with notes on morphology and phylogeny of the type and one common species 描述了厌氧植物Plagiopyla属（Alveolata, Ciliophora, Plagiopylea）的划分模式，并对该类型和一个常见种的形态和系统发育进行了说明。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126134

Xiaochen Feng , Ran Li , Wenbao Zhuang , Xiaozhong Hu

Although their ecological and evolutionary significance has been demonstrated very recently, ciliates belonging to the anaerobic class Plagiopylea have never been investigated adequately in terms of diversity, phylogeny, and in particular ontogeny. Here, morphological, ontogenetic and molecular characterization are documented for the type species Plagiopyla nasuta and one common form P. frontata, by the use of state-of-art techniques for ciliates. The genus Plagiopyla was first found to have a stable divisional mode, and showed the following characteristics: (1) Holotelokinetal stomatogenesis, i.e., all somatic kineties are involved in the development of the opisthe's oral apparatus. (2) Several parental kinetal rows near striated band proliferate, and form the anlagen of compact kinetids (CK) and internal buccal kinetids (IBK) in the opisthe. (3) Parental oral lip kineties and CK dedifferentiate and reorganize in situ, and parental IBK seem to be retained by the proter. Phylogenetic analyses corroborate the monophyly of the family Plagiopylidae. The newly obtained sequences of P. frontata and P. nasuta cluster together with sequences of other populations of each species with high to full support. Additionally, the IBK, a conserved but long-overlooked component of the oral apparatus, are revealed for the first time in the genus Plagiopyla. The origin, structure and position of CK together suggest that the structure might be homologous to brosse, a characteristic feature of the class Prostomatea.

虽然它们的生态学和进化意义最近才被证明，但属于厌氧类翼虫的纤毛虫从未在多样性，系统发育，特别是个体发育方面得到充分的研究。在这里，形态，个体发生和分子特征的模式物种斜叶藻nasuta和一种常见的形式P. frontata，通过使用国家的最先进的技术纤毛虫记录。斜翅目属首次被发现具有稳定的分裂模式，并表现出以下特征：(1)全端口发育，即所有体细胞动力学都参与了舌目动物口腔器官的发育。(2)近条纹带的几行亲本动细胞增生，形成观细胞内致密动细胞（CK）和内颊动细胞（IBK）的原体。(3)亲本口唇活性和CK原位去分化重组，亲本IBK似乎被该蛋白保留。系统发育分析证实了翼蝗科的单系性。新获得的毛蕨和沙蕨序列与各种属其他居群序列聚集在一起，具有高至全支持度。此外，IBK，一个保守的，但长期被忽视的口腔器官的组成部分，首次揭示了Plagiopyla属。CK的起源、结构和位置表明其结构可能与Prostomatea类的特征brosse同源。

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引用次数: 0

Taxonomy, geographic distribution and molecular phylogeny of two freshwater Frontonia (Ciliophora, Peniculida), including a new cryptic species Frontonia paraleucas sp. nov. 两种淡水Frontonia （Ciliophora, Peniculida）的分类、地理分布和分子系统发育，包括一种新隐种Frontonia pareucas sp. nov。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126119

Runzhi Shi , Tao Li , Yong Chi , Mingjian Liu , Saleh A. Al-Farraj , Blanca Pérez-Uz , Weibo Song

The ciliate genus Frontonia, one of the most species-rich groups of the order Peniculida, is widely distributed across a variety of habitats. However, the definition and identification of isolates are challenging, as there are few reliable characters, and these may overlap among congeners. In the present study, we describe two easily confused species, including a new form F. paraleucas sp. nov. and F. paramagna Chen et al., 2014. Both species exhibit morphological characteristics similar to those observed in F. leucas (Ehrenberg, 1833) Ehrenberg, 1838, the type species of the genus. Furthermore, the substantial divergence of sequences among different isolates under the name of F. leucas, indicates the existence of cryptic or misidentified material and that such sequences represent a complex group rather than a single species. A meticulous examination was conducted to ascertain the reliability of the SSU rRNA gene sequences of isolates designated as F. leucas and F. paramagna in GenBank, and it was confirmed that the sequence (AM072622) represented the authentic F. leucas. The newly described species, F. paraleucas sp. nov., along with F. leucas and F. cf. leucas, constitute the F. leucas species complex. Analysis of the geographic distribution of these taxa, combined with historical records, reveals an uneven global pattern. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating molecular and morphological data to accurately identify species, and provides new insights into cryptic diversity and classification within the genus Frontonia.

纤毛虫属Frontonia是青霉菌目中物种最丰富的类群之一，广泛分布于各种栖息地。然而，分离株的定义和鉴定是具有挑战性的，因为很少有可靠的特征，而且这些特征可能在同系物中重叠。在本研究中，我们描述了两个容易混淆的物种，包括新形式F. pareucas sp. 11和F. paramagna Chen et al., 2014。这两个物种的形态特征与该属的模式种F. leucas (Ehrenberg, 1833) Ehrenberg， 1838中观察到的相似。此外，以F. leucas命名的不同分离株之间序列的显著差异表明存在隐藏或错误识别的物质，这些序列代表了一个复杂的群体而不是一个单一的物种。对GenBank中分离的F. leucas和F. paramagna的SSU rRNA基因序列进行了仔细的检验，确认该序列（AM072622）为真品。新发现的物种，f.p aleucas sp. nov.，连同f.f leucas和f.c.f leucas，构成f.f leucas物种复合体。对这些分类群地理分布的分析，结合历史记录，揭示了一个不平衡的全球格局。该研究强调了整合分子和形态数据对准确识别物种的重要性，并为Frontonia属的隐多样性和分类提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

A novel thraustochytrid in vitro isolate from the abalone Haliotis roei in Western Australia 一种从西澳大利亚黑鲍鱼中分离出的新型喉腺细胞

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126114

Eliot Hanrio , Anita Severn-Ellis , Jacqueline Batley , Richmond Loh , Peta Clode , Cécile Dang

Thraustochytrids are heterotrophic protozoa that can be saprophytic, parasitic, or symbiotic. They have become increasingly important as a potential source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study describes the isolation and characterisation of a novel thraustochytrid isolate from the abalone Haliotis roei in Western Australia. Isolate W7B6 was propagated in vitro and characterised using optical and electron microscopy as well as phylogenetic analysis. This thraustochytrid exhibits characteristic cell types of the Thraustochytriaceae family, including small sporogenous cells, cysts, encysted amoebosporangia and amoebosporangia. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA sequence of the W7B6 isolate indicate its classification within the Monorhizochytrium clade, nested within the broader Aurantiochytrium super-clade. This study adds a new thraustochytrid strain that potentially has significance in the bio-production of long-chain fatty acids.

Thraustochytrids是异养原生动物，可以腐生，寄生或共生。它们作为多不饱和脂肪酸的潜在来源变得越来越重要。本研究描述了一种从西澳大利亚的黑鲍鱼中分离出的新型thraustochytrid的分离和特征。对分离物W7B6进行了体外繁殖，并利用光学、电子显微镜和系统发育分析对其进行了鉴定。该胞囊具有胞囊科的细胞类型，包括小孢子细胞、囊状、囊状变形虫囊和变形虫囊。W7B6分离物的18S rDNA序列的测序和系统发育分析表明，该分离物属于单根chytrium分支，嵌套在更广泛的Aurantiochytrium超分支中。本研究为长链脂肪酸的生物生产增加了一种具有潜在意义的新菌。

引用次数: 0

Allelopathy modulates toxins profiles and high activation of caspase-3/7 in Gymnodinium catenatum 化感作用调节了裸子草毒素谱和caspase-3/7的高激活

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126117

Leyberth José Fernández-Herrera , Tania Zenteno-Savín , Ignacio Leyva-Valencia , Claudia Judith Hernández-Guerrero , Francisco Eduardo Hernández-Sandoval , José Jesus Bustillos-Guzmán , Erick Julián Núñez-Vázquez , Christine Johanna Band-Schmidt

Allelopathy in phytoplankton species can modify the community structure by growth inhibition, organelle damage, cellular stress, metabolic modifications, and by inducing programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, the allelopathic responses of G. catenatum, a paralytic toxin harmful algal bloom (HAB) forming species, towards the raphidophyte C. marina var. marina and the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium impudicum were evaluated. Gymnodinium catenatum was cultivated during 72 h in mixed cultures with and without direct cell contact with C. marina and G. impudicum. Growth, cell morphology, toxin profile, and caspases 3/7 activity were registered. Growth of G. catenatum exposed to C. marina and G. impudicum with and without direct cell contact was significantly reduced, toxin content decreased, and caspases 3/7 activity increased. Changes in the toxin profile were also observed, in general, with a higher content of gonyautoxin-2,3 (GTX2, 3), decarbamoyl gonyautoxin-2,3 (dcGTX2,3) and B1 analogs. In all cases the highest response was observed in direct cell contact with C. marina. These results allow new insights of the allelopathic responses of G. catenatum towards co-occurring HAB species confirming growth limitation and evidencing metabolic changes in the toxin content, as well as the induction of PCD.

化感作用可以通过抑制浮游植物的生长、破坏细胞器、细胞应激、代谢改变和诱导程序性细胞死亡等方式改变群落结构。本研究研究了麻痹毒素有害藻华（HAB）形成种G. catenatum对刺生植物C. marina vara . marina和鞭毛植物裸子藻的化感作用。在有和没有直接细胞接触的情况下，对裸子菊进行72 h的混合培养。记录生长、细胞形态、毒素谱和caspase 3/7活性。直接接触和不直接接触均显著降低了悬连藤的生长，毒素含量降低，caspase 3/7活性升高。毒素谱的变化也被观察到，总的来说，性腺毒素-2,3 (gtx2,3)，脱碳酰性腺毒素-2,3 （dcgtx2,3）和B1类似物的含量较高。在所有情况下，直接与细胞接触的反应最高。这些结果提供了对共同发生的有害藻华物种的化感反应的新见解，证实了生长限制和毒素含量的代谢变化，以及诱导PCD。

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引用次数: 0

The apparently misunderstood Didinium Gargantua of Alphonse Meunier 显然被误解的阿尔方斯·穆尼耶的巨型Didinium

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126111

John R. Dolan

Meunier's, 1910 “Microplankton des Mers de Barents et de Kara” was the first monographic treatment of protists of the arctic plankton, and it contained many descriptions of new species of a variety of taxa. Among the most conspicuous was the ciliate Didinium Garantua, named with a capital G, corresponding with the title character, the gluttonous giant, of Rabelais' 1534 novel, Gargantua, a classic of French literature. Meunier described D. gargantua at length in the text as a large voracious predator, and devoted many figures to it. As of today, it has been reported from a surprising diversity of marine and estuarine ecosystems, for example, from Antarctic sea-ice, to the Gulf of Mexico, the Chesapeake Bay, and the Caspian Sea. However, most reports concern specimens of sizes considerably smaller than most of those depicted by Meunier, and cite no taxonomic authorities for ciliate identifications, suggesting that many researchers may be unfamiliar Meunier's, 1910 monograph, thus with the ‘gargantuan' nature of his D. gargantua. Here, a brief biography of Meunier is given first, followed by a description of his 1910 monograph, and then a summary of his text, and some of his remarkable figures of D. gargantua are presented. Finally, subsequent reports of the occurrence of D. gargantua are reviewed, and it is suggested that many concern a species distinct from D. gargantua, as there are large differences in size and shapes compared to Meunier's species.

Meunier的《Microplankton des Mers de Barents et de Kara》是第一本关于北极浮游生物原生生物的专著，它包含了许多不同分类群的新物种的描述。其中最引人注目的是一种纤毛虫，以大写字母G命名，与拉伯雷1534年出版的法国文学经典小说《巨人》中的主人公——贪吃的巨人相对应。Meunier在文章中详细地描述了d.g argantua是一种巨大的贪婪的捕食者，并为它描绘了许多人物。时至今日，据报道，海洋和河口生态系统的多样性令人惊讶，例如，从南极海冰到墨西哥湾、切萨皮克湾和里海。然而，大多数报告涉及的标本尺寸比Meunier描述的大多数标本要小得多，并且没有引用分类学权威来鉴定纤毛虫，这表明许多研究人员可能不熟悉Meunier 1910年的专著，因此不熟悉他的“巨型”性质的d.g argantua。在这里，首先给出默尼耶的简短传记，然后是对他1910年专著的描述，然后是对他的文本的总结，以及他的一些引人注目的D. gargantua。最后，回顾了后来关于D. gargantua发生的报道，认为许多报道涉及一个与D. gargantua不同的物种，因为与Meunier的物种相比，它们在大小和形状上存在很大差异。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Morphology and ultrastructure of marine bacterivorous bicosoecid Hirugamonas aperieos gen. et sp. nov.” [Protist 178 (2025) 126104] 海洋嗜菌生物群落Hirugamonas aperieos gen. et sp. 11 .的形态和超微结构勘误表[原生生物178(2025)126104]。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY

Protist

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2025.126113

Tatsuya Kishikami, Marina Ota, Kasumi Ishida, Kazumasa Yamada, Takafumi Kataoka

引用次数: 0

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