Natural radioactivity measurement, radiation monitoring of the region, dose assessment and interpretation of radiological-related parameters are crucial aspects from the public awareness and environmental safety point of view. The ionising radiations (gamma-rays) emitted from radionuclides such as 226Ra, 232Th and 40K present in environmental materials contributes significantly to the external radiation dose received by the public. High-efficiency gamma spectrometry based on a 4″ × 4″ NaI (Tl) detector was employed for estimating activity concentrations of the gamma-emitting radioelements. The spectra from the detector were recorded using a PC-based 1k multichannel analyser system (WinTMCA 32). Each sample spectrum was acquired for a counting period of 60 000 s (16.67 hr). Assuming the daughter products of 226Ra and 232Th in equilibrium, the activity concentration of these radionuclides were estimated by using the prominent gamma photo peaks of daughter products. Using the same technique, dose-related radiological parameters were calculated for all the samples. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides and the dose-related parameters for the samples were found to be comparable with the global literature values. The data generated from our study will contribute to the baseline radiological data of the region.
{"title":"Measurement of natural radioactivity levels in soil samples of Bidar district, Karnataka, India.","authors":"Rajesh Siddanna Mugalgaon, Archanadevi Rajesh Mugalgaon, Basavaraj Rachappa Kerur","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural radioactivity measurement, radiation monitoring of the region, dose assessment and interpretation of radiological-related parameters are crucial aspects from the public awareness and environmental safety point of view. The ionising radiations (gamma-rays) emitted from radionuclides such as 226Ra, 232Th and 40K present in environmental materials contributes significantly to the external radiation dose received by the public. High-efficiency gamma spectrometry based on a 4″ × 4″ NaI (Tl) detector was employed for estimating activity concentrations of the gamma-emitting radioelements. The spectra from the detector were recorded using a PC-based 1k multichannel analyser system (WinTMCA 32). Each sample spectrum was acquired for a counting period of 60 000 s (16.67 hr). Assuming the daughter products of 226Ra and 232Th in equilibrium, the activity concentration of these radionuclides were estimated by using the prominent gamma photo peaks of daughter products. Using the same technique, dose-related radiological parameters were calculated for all the samples. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides and the dose-related parameters for the samples were found to be comparable with the global literature values. The data generated from our study will contribute to the baseline radiological data of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medicinal plants of the Moraceae family, such as Ficus racemosa linn, have been traditionally used in the North Karnataka region for treating various ailments. This study aims to analyze the elemental composition and nano-micro structural morphology of selected species of Moraceae family medicinal plants, focusing on their potential therapeutic applications. Samples were collected from the Dharwad and Gadag districts in North Karnataka. The surface morphology at nano and micro levels was examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope, while the elemental composition was analyzed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The study emphasizes the detailed examination of the specific weight percent of elemental concentration and the morphological features observed. The analysis revealed fine, irregularly shaped particles with an average diameter of 20 to 50 μm on the plant surface. Elemental composition analysis showed the presence of Mg, Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn within WHO-recommended limits.
北卡纳塔克邦地区传统上一直使用大戟科药用植物(如榕树)治疗各种疾病。本研究旨在分析桑科药用植物的元素组成和纳米微观结构形态,重点研究其潜在的治疗用途。样本采集自北卡纳塔克邦的达尔瓦德和加达格地区。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜检查了纳米和微米级的表面形态,并通过能量色散 X 射线光谱分析了元素组成。研究强调对元素浓度的特定重量百分比和观察到的形态特征进行详细检查。分析结果显示,植物表面的颗粒细小,形状不规则,平均直径为 20 至 50 微米。元素组成分析表明,镁、铝、硅、氯、钾、钙、锰、铁、铜和锌的含量均在世界卫生组织建议的范围内。
{"title":"Study of multi-elemental concentration and nano-micro structural morphology in medicinal plants by FE-SEM and EDX method.","authors":"Jalajakshi Subhash Kore, Nagraj Channappa, Mohanraj Pattar, Basavaraj Rachappa Kerur","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicinal plants of the Moraceae family, such as Ficus racemosa linn, have been traditionally used in the North Karnataka region for treating various ailments. This study aims to analyze the elemental composition and nano-micro structural morphology of selected species of Moraceae family medicinal plants, focusing on their potential therapeutic applications. Samples were collected from the Dharwad and Gadag districts in North Karnataka. The surface morphology at nano and micro levels was examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope, while the elemental composition was analyzed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The study emphasizes the detailed examination of the specific weight percent of elemental concentration and the morphological features observed. The analysis revealed fine, irregularly shaped particles with an average diameter of 20 to 50 μm on the plant surface. Elemental composition analysis showed the presence of Mg, Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn within WHO-recommended limits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prof. P. Venkataramaiah (P.V.), born on July 08, 1937, has been active in research for the past five decades in several areas of Nuclear Physics and Environmental Sciences. He has visited several Universities and research institutes in various countries such as Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, France, the UK, Canada and the USA. Apart from research work he has also held many administrative positions and made revolutionary improvements in the education sector of India. Even after retirement, Prof. P.V. has actively involved himself inspiring and encouraging the younger generation at secondary level. As an honour for his untiring dedication even in his eighties, his colleagues and students have written articles about his contributions to research and education. This include contributions from Prof. P.V. himself along with Prof. K.S. Mallesh, Prof. N. Nagaiah, Prof. S.A. Bari, Prof. M. Venkateshwaralu, Shri. M. Vasudev, Dr K. Nagaraja, Mrs. Sreemathi Hariprasad and Dr N. Bhagyalakshmi.
P. Venkataramaiah (P.V.) 教授出生于 1937 年 7 月 8 日,过去五十年来一直活跃在核物理和环境科学的多个研究领域。他曾访问过日本、香港、新加坡、法国、英国、加拿大和美国等多个国家的多所大学和研究机构。除研究工作外,他还担任过许多行政职务,为印度教育部门带来了革命性的进步。即使在退休后,P.V. 教授仍积极参与激励和鼓励中学的年轻一代。为了表彰他在八十多岁高龄仍坚持不懈的奉献精神,他的同事和学生纷纷撰文介绍他在研究和教育方面做出的贡献。其中包括 P.V. 教授本人以及 K.S. Mallesh 教授、N. Nagaiah 教授、S.A. Bari 教授、M. Venkateshwaralu 教授、Shri.M. Vasudev、K. Nagaraja 博士、Sreemathi Hariprasad 夫人和 N. Bhagyalakshmi 博士。
{"title":"Contributions of Prof. P. Venkataramaiah to the research on radiation physics and education in India.","authors":"Puttaiah Venkataramaiah, Karinanjanapura Subbanna Mallesh, Ningaiah Nagaiah, Syed Abdul Bari, Mididoddi Venkateshwarlu, Mullapalli Vasudev, Kamsali Nagaraja, Sreemathi Hariprasad, Bhagyalakshmi Neelwarne","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prof. P. Venkataramaiah (P.V.), born on July 08, 1937, has been active in research for the past five decades in several areas of Nuclear Physics and Environmental Sciences. He has visited several Universities and research institutes in various countries such as Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, France, the UK, Canada and the USA. Apart from research work he has also held many administrative positions and made revolutionary improvements in the education sector of India. Even after retirement, Prof. P.V. has actively involved himself inspiring and encouraging the younger generation at secondary level. As an honour for his untiring dedication even in his eighties, his colleagues and students have written articles about his contributions to research and education. This include contributions from Prof. P.V. himself along with Prof. K.S. Mallesh, Prof. N. Nagaiah, Prof. S.A. Bari, Prof. M. Venkateshwaralu, Shri. M. Vasudev, Dr K. Nagaraja, Mrs. Sreemathi Hariprasad and Dr N. Bhagyalakshmi.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chidambaran K Sreeja, Vimala K N P M Devi, Mangalasseril K Aneesh, Kavitha S Sreekanth
Finger photo pulse plethysmography is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive method for measurement of arterial stiffness. The objective is to assess the correlation of arterial stiffness in low back pain subjects with lumbar disc degeneration. Thirty-four back pain patients of both sexes in age group of 30-65 were included. Anthropometric measures like height, body weight, body mass index (BMI) were included. Stiffness index (SI) and reflection index (RI) were measured from the digital volume pulse waveform. There was a negative correlation between SI/RI and no correlation between SI and RI with BMI in both sexes. A significant correlation found between weight and BMI in both sexes. Arterial stiffness may not have any influence on disc degeneration. BMI showed some influence on disc degeneration and back pain.
手指光电脉搏褶压计是一种测量动脉僵硬度的简单、廉价且无创的方法。目的是评估腰背痛患者的动脉僵硬度与腰椎间盘退化的相关性。研究对象包括 34 名腰痛患者,男女不限,年龄在 30-65 岁之间。人体测量指标包括身高、体重和体重指数(BMI)。根据数字容积脉搏波形测量了僵硬指数(SI)和反射指数(RI)。男女的 SI/RI 之间呈负相关,而 SI 和 RI 与体重指数之间没有相关性。体重与体重指数之间存在明显的相关性。动脉僵化可能对椎间盘退变没有任何影响。体重指数对椎间盘退化和背痛有一定影响。
{"title":"A digital volume pulse device-finger photo pulse plethysmography to trace the vascular integrity amongst the low back pain subjects with lumbar disc degenerative diseases diagnosed by MRI analysis.","authors":"Chidambaran K Sreeja, Vimala K N P M Devi, Mangalasseril K Aneesh, Kavitha S Sreekanth","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finger photo pulse plethysmography is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive method for measurement of arterial stiffness. The objective is to assess the correlation of arterial stiffness in low back pain subjects with lumbar disc degeneration. Thirty-four back pain patients of both sexes in age group of 30-65 were included. Anthropometric measures like height, body weight, body mass index (BMI) were included. Stiffness index (SI) and reflection index (RI) were measured from the digital volume pulse waveform. There was a negative correlation between SI/RI and no correlation between SI and RI with BMI in both sexes. A significant correlation found between weight and BMI in both sexes. Arterial stiffness may not have any influence on disc degeneration. BMI showed some influence on disc degeneration and back pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thokchom D Singh, Rajib L Sha, Ranjankumar K Singh, Ghanshyam Sahani, Pankaj Tandon, Pankaj Kumar Dash Sharma
There has been an increase in the use of high energy photon beam for container scanners in many countries for multi purposes such as detecting high atomic number materials which might be nuclear materials, drugs, high explosive materials and other contrabands etc. High energy photon beams generally 6 and 9 MV can be used for scanning such materials. However, it is important to ensure that radiation level beyond the container scanner installation is within the permissible dose limit specified by the national competent authority for the protection of public and radiation workers. In this paper, challenges in the biological shielding during the installation of high energy X-ray system for scanning vehicles containing suspected materials are discussed. The purpose of the present study is to develop a methodology for shielding design and evaluation for container scanner installations. The basic concept pertaining to shielding evaluation of radiotherapy installations provided in National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reports are referred, and appropriately used to calculate optimized shielding thicknesses requirements for container scanner installation. Workload is estimated based on number of containers scanned, machine ON time and dose rate at 1 m. The shielding evaluation includes use of beam stopper in the primary beam, scattering by heterogeneous metallic scrap materials or any other suspected materials contained in the vehicle and their impact on the thickness of shielding walls. A model lay out plan to be used for installation of container scanner is developed. A methodology for shielding evaluation for various protective walls and ceiling of this model is also discussed. The study provides basic requirement for designing a structural room for installing 9MV container scanner from radiological safety view point.
在许多国家,集装箱扫描仪越来越多地使用高能光子束,用于检测高原子序数材料(可能是核材料、毒品、高爆炸材料和其他违禁品)等多种用途。高能光子束(一般为 6 和 9 MV)可用于扫描此类材料。然而,重要的是要确保集装箱扫描仪装置外的辐射水平不超过国家主管当局规定的允许剂量限值,以保护公众和辐射工作人员。本文讨论了在安装用于扫描装有可疑材料的车辆的高能 X 射线系统过程中生物屏蔽所面临的挑战。本研究的目的是为集装箱扫描仪的安装制定屏蔽设计和评估方法。参考了国家辐射防护和测量委员会(NCRP)/国际原子能机构(IAEA)报告中提供的有关放射治疗装置屏蔽评估的基本概念,并适当用于计算集装箱扫描仪安装所需的优化屏蔽厚度。屏蔽评估包括主光束中光束阻挡器的使用、异质金属废料或车辆中任何其他可疑材料的散射及其对屏蔽壁厚度的影响。制定了用于安装集装箱扫描仪的模型布局计划。还讨论了对该模型的各种防护墙和顶棚进行屏蔽评估的方法。从辐射安全的角度来看,这项研究为设计用于安装 9MV 集装箱扫描仪的结构室提供了基本要求。
{"title":"Methodology for shielding design and evaluation for container scanners.","authors":"Thokchom D Singh, Rajib L Sha, Ranjankumar K Singh, Ghanshyam Sahani, Pankaj Tandon, Pankaj Kumar Dash Sharma","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been an increase in the use of high energy photon beam for container scanners in many countries for multi purposes such as detecting high atomic number materials which might be nuclear materials, drugs, high explosive materials and other contrabands etc. High energy photon beams generally 6 and 9 MV can be used for scanning such materials. However, it is important to ensure that radiation level beyond the container scanner installation is within the permissible dose limit specified by the national competent authority for the protection of public and radiation workers. In this paper, challenges in the biological shielding during the installation of high energy X-ray system for scanning vehicles containing suspected materials are discussed. The purpose of the present study is to develop a methodology for shielding design and evaluation for container scanner installations. The basic concept pertaining to shielding evaluation of radiotherapy installations provided in National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reports are referred, and appropriately used to calculate optimized shielding thicknesses requirements for container scanner installation. Workload is estimated based on number of containers scanned, machine ON time and dose rate at 1 m. The shielding evaluation includes use of beam stopper in the primary beam, scattering by heterogeneous metallic scrap materials or any other suspected materials contained in the vehicle and their impact on the thickness of shielding walls. A model lay out plan to be used for installation of container scanner is developed. A methodology for shielding evaluation for various protective walls and ceiling of this model is also discussed. The study provides basic requirement for designing a structural room for installing 9MV container scanner from radiological safety view point.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiran Patni, Krishna P Singh, Manjulata Yadav, Ashutosh P Pande
The present study is carried out in 42 sampling sites for the measurement of background gamma dose rate in six tehsils of the Bageshwar district that comes under the Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand. The annual effective dose in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons was estimated from the measured values of the Gamma dose rate. It is found that the minimum and maximum values ranged between 0.01-0.39 mSv per y (Arithmetic Mean = 0.19 mSv per y) in the pre-monsoon and 0.11-0.42 mSv per y (Arithmetic Mean = 0.20 mSv per y) in the post-monsoon season of the year. The finding of the present study shows that the annual effective dose equivalent is higher than the worldwide average value recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation.
{"title":"Monitoring of terrestrial gamma dose rate from the Kumaun Himalayan region of the Bageshwar district in Uttarakhand, India.","authors":"Kiran Patni, Krishna P Singh, Manjulata Yadav, Ashutosh P Pande","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study is carried out in 42 sampling sites for the measurement of background gamma dose rate in six tehsils of the Bageshwar district that comes under the Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand. The annual effective dose in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons was estimated from the measured values of the Gamma dose rate. It is found that the minimum and maximum values ranged between 0.01-0.39 mSv per y (Arithmetic Mean = 0.19 mSv per y) in the pre-monsoon and 0.11-0.42 mSv per y (Arithmetic Mean = 0.20 mSv per y) in the post-monsoon season of the year. The finding of the present study shows that the annual effective dose equivalent is higher than the worldwide average value recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bevinathalapura S K Lavanya, Shivachara N Namitha, Mohamed Hidayath, Mallupura S Chandrashekara
Groundwater is in direct contact with the soil and rocks that dissolve many compounds and minerals including uranium and its daughter products. 210Po is one of the decay products of 238U series that cause internal radiation dose in humans when consumed in the form of water and food, including sea food. Therefore, activities of 210Po have been studied in ground and surface water, and in food samples that are commonly used in Chamarajanagar region of Karnataka, India. The average 210Po concentration in bore well water samples and surface water samples are 3.21 and 1.85 mBq L-1, respectively. In raw rice and wheat, the average values of 210Po are 96 and 41 mBq kg-1, respectively. In millets and pulses, the average activity of 210Po is 157 and 79 mBq kg-1, respectively. Among food items, the highest activity of 1.3 kBq kg-1 is observed in marine crabs and the lowest activity of 2.6 mBq kg-1 is found in milk samples. The average ingestion dose due to 210Po in ground and surface water are 2.8 and 1.62 μSv y-1, respectively. The ingestion dose due to various food samples to the population is also calculated. Total ingestion dose due to 210Po to pure vegetarian population and general population are 38.09 and 590.80 μSv y-1, respectively. The concentration of 210Po in water samples and food samples of this region are in a comparable range with the world and Indian average values and lies well below the recommended guideline level.
{"title":"Assessment of radiation dose due to 210Po in water and food samples of Chamarajanagar district, Karnataka, India.","authors":"Bevinathalapura S K Lavanya, Shivachara N Namitha, Mohamed Hidayath, Mallupura S Chandrashekara","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groundwater is in direct contact with the soil and rocks that dissolve many compounds and minerals including uranium and its daughter products. 210Po is one of the decay products of 238U series that cause internal radiation dose in humans when consumed in the form of water and food, including sea food. Therefore, activities of 210Po have been studied in ground and surface water, and in food samples that are commonly used in Chamarajanagar region of Karnataka, India. The average 210Po concentration in bore well water samples and surface water samples are 3.21 and 1.85 mBq L-1, respectively. In raw rice and wheat, the average values of 210Po are 96 and 41 mBq kg-1, respectively. In millets and pulses, the average activity of 210Po is 157 and 79 mBq kg-1, respectively. Among food items, the highest activity of 1.3 kBq kg-1 is observed in marine crabs and the lowest activity of 2.6 mBq kg-1 is found in milk samples. The average ingestion dose due to 210Po in ground and surface water are 2.8 and 1.62 μSv y-1, respectively. The ingestion dose due to various food samples to the population is also calculated. Total ingestion dose due to 210Po to pure vegetarian population and general population are 38.09 and 590.80 μSv y-1, respectively. The concentration of 210Po in water samples and food samples of this region are in a comparable range with the world and Indian average values and lies well below the recommended guideline level.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The noble radioactive gas radon and its isotope thoron dominate terrestrial radiation in the indoor environment. These gases eventually disintegrate generating radioactive ions that readily adhere to aerosol particles. This study was conducted in a tectonically active location with significant radon concentrations. The obtained average values of radon mass exhalation and thoron surface exhalation rate from this study are higher than the global average values of 56 mBq kg-1 h-1 and 1000 mBq m-2 s-1, respectively. As the exhalation rates are higher, naturally the average radon and thoron concentrations are also greater than the worldwide average values of 40 and 10 Bq m-3, respectively. No significant correlation was observed between 222Rn and 220Rn exhalation rate and indoor 222Rn/220Rn concentration. The exposure dose due to 222Rn, 220Rn and their progenies shows no significant health risk.
{"title":"A study of 222Rn/220Rn exhalation rate and indoor 222Rn/220Rn levels in higher Himalayan terrain.","authors":"Rohit Singh Sajwan, Veena Joshi, Naresh Kumar, Taufiq Ahamad, Sanjay Dutt, Bevinathalapura Shankarappa Kempalingappa Lavanya","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncad322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The noble radioactive gas radon and its isotope thoron dominate terrestrial radiation in the indoor environment. These gases eventually disintegrate generating radioactive ions that readily adhere to aerosol particles. This study was conducted in a tectonically active location with significant radon concentrations. The obtained average values of radon mass exhalation and thoron surface exhalation rate from this study are higher than the global average values of 56 mBq kg-1 h-1 and 1000 mBq m-2 s-1, respectively. As the exhalation rates are higher, naturally the average radon and thoron concentrations are also greater than the worldwide average values of 40 and 10 Bq m-3, respectively. No significant correlation was observed between 222Rn and 220Rn exhalation rate and indoor 222Rn/220Rn concentration. The exposure dose due to 222Rn, 220Rn and their progenies shows no significant health risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darshan Muddubasavanna, Arshiya Anjum, Pushpa Nagaraj, Gnana Prakash A Patel
The 60Co gamma radiation effects on the DC electrical characteristics of silicon NPN transistor were studied in the dose range of 100 krad to 6 Mrad at room temperature (300 K) and cryogenic temperature (77 K). The measurements were carried out at both 300 and 77 K temperature. The electrical characteristics such as Gummel characteristics, excess base current (ΔIB), current gain (hFE), transconductance (gm) and output characteristics were studied in situ as a function of total dose. The results show that there is a considerable degradation in the electrical parameters of the device irradiated both at 300 and 77 K as a consequence of increase in excess base current (ΔIB) because of the formation of generation and recombination centers in the emitter-base spacer oxide (SiO2). At cryogenic temperature irradiation, the degradation in electrical characteristics is less because of the physical phenomena such as carrier freezeout effect, decreased recombination rate, reduced charge yield, decreased electron mobility, etc.
在室温(300 K)和低温(77 K)下,在 100 krad 至 6 Mrad 的剂量范围内,研究了 60Co 伽马辐射对硅 NPN 晶体管直流电特性的影响。测量在 300 K 和 77 K 温度下进行。现场研究了古梅尔特性、过剩基极电流 (ΔIB)、电流增益 (hFE)、跨导 (gm) 和输出特性等电气特性与总剂量的函数关系。结果表明,由于在发射极-基极间隔氧化物(SiO2)中形成了生成和重组中心,过剩基极电流(ΔIB)增加,因此在 300 K 和 77 K 两种温度下辐照的器件的电气参数都有显著下降。在低温辐照下,由于载流子冻结效应、重组率降低、电荷产率降低、电子迁移率降低等物理现象,电气特性的退化程度较低。
{"title":"60Co gamma radiation effects on NPN transistor at cryogenic temperature.","authors":"Darshan Muddubasavanna, Arshiya Anjum, Pushpa Nagaraj, Gnana Prakash A Patel","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 60Co gamma radiation effects on the DC electrical characteristics of silicon NPN transistor were studied in the dose range of 100 krad to 6 Mrad at room temperature (300 K) and cryogenic temperature (77 K). The measurements were carried out at both 300 and 77 K temperature. The electrical characteristics such as Gummel characteristics, excess base current (ΔIB), current gain (hFE), transconductance (gm) and output characteristics were studied in situ as a function of total dose. The results show that there is a considerable degradation in the electrical parameters of the device irradiated both at 300 and 77 K as a consequence of increase in excess base current (ΔIB) because of the formation of generation and recombination centers in the emitter-base spacer oxide (SiO2). At cryogenic temperature irradiation, the degradation in electrical characteristics is less because of the physical phenomena such as carrier freezeout effect, decreased recombination rate, reduced charge yield, decreased electron mobility, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, the efficacy of waste glass as fillers in concrete for gamma-ray shielding has been studied. Glass fillers of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% concentrations have been incorporated into the concrete mixture. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector at 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energies. Gamma-ray shielding parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ), are determined for all filler concentrations. The mass attenuation coefficient of the prepared samples was found to be varied from 0.081 to 0.088, 0.071 to 0.088, 0.05 to 0.058, and 0.05 to 0.055 (cm2 per g) for 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energies, respectively. It was observed that experimentally determined (μ/ρ) values were in very good agreement with theoretical values calculated from EDAX data. Furthermore, it was observed that (μ/ρ) showed an increasing trend with an increase in filler concentration, which is attributed to the increase in the shielding property of the material. Therefore, the glass-concrete composite can be accustomed to reduce the intensity of gamma radiation.
{"title":"Gamma-ray interaction studies of concrete with waste glass fillers.","authors":"Ashwitha Chikkegowda, Lingaraj Adarsh Raj, Sankarshan Belur Mohan, Sannathammegowda Krishnaveni","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncae109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present work, the efficacy of waste glass as fillers in concrete for gamma-ray shielding has been studied. Glass fillers of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% concentrations have been incorporated into the concrete mixture. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector at 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energies. Gamma-ray shielding parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ), are determined for all filler concentrations. The mass attenuation coefficient of the prepared samples was found to be varied from 0.081 to 0.088, 0.071 to 0.088, 0.05 to 0.058, and 0.05 to 0.055 (cm2 per g) for 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energies, respectively. It was observed that experimentally determined (μ/ρ) values were in very good agreement with theoretical values calculated from EDAX data. Furthermore, it was observed that (μ/ρ) showed an increasing trend with an increase in filler concentration, which is attributed to the increase in the shielding property of the material. Therefore, the glass-concrete composite can be accustomed to reduce the intensity of gamma radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}