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2017 12th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Knowledge Engineering (ISKE)最新文献

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Named entity recognition for Chinese telecommunications field based on Char2Vec and Bi-LSTMs 基于Char2Vec和bi - lstm的中国电信领域命名实体识别
Yu Wang, Bin Xia, Zheng Liu, Yun Li, Tao Li
Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a basic task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), which extracts the meaningful named entities from the text. Compared with the English NER, the Chinese NER is more challenge, since there is no tense in the Chinese language. Moreover, the omissions and the Internet catchwords in the Chinese corpus make the NER task more difficult. Traditional machine learning methods (e.g., CRFs) cannot address the Chinese NER effectively because they are hard to learn the complicated context in the Chinese language. To overcome the aforementioned problem, we propose a deep learning model Char2Vec+Bi-LSTMs for Chinese NER. We use the Chinese character instead of the Chinese word as the embedding unit, and the Bi-LSTMs is used to learn the complicated semantic dependency. To evaluate our proposed model, we construct the corpus from the China TELECOM FAQs. Experimental results show that our model achieves better performance than other baseline methods and the character embedding is more appropriate than the word embedding in the Chinese language.
命名实体识别(NER)是自然语言处理(NLP)中的一项基本任务,它从文本中提取有意义的命名实体。与英语的NER相比,汉语的NER更具挑战性,因为汉语中没有时态。此外,汉语语料库中的遗漏和网络流行语增加了NER任务的难度。传统的机器学习方法(如crf)无法有效地解决中文的NER问题,因为它们很难学习中文中复杂的上下文。为了克服上述问题,我们提出了一种中文NER深度学习模型Char2Vec+Bi-LSTMs。我们使用汉字代替中文单词作为嵌入单元,并使用bi - lstm学习复杂的语义依赖关系。为了评估我们提出的模型,我们从中国电信常见问题解答中构建了语料库。实验结果表明,我们的模型比其他基线方法取得了更好的性能,字符嵌入比词嵌入更适合中文。
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引用次数: 5
Water quality prediction method based on LSTM neural network 基于LSTM神经网络的水质预测方法
Yuanyuan Wang, Jian Zhou, Ke-Jia Chen, Yunyun Wang, Linfeng Liu
Water quality prediction has more practical significance not only for the management of water resources but also for the prevention of water pollution. It's a time series prediction problem which the traditional neural network isn't suitable. A new water quality prediction method based on long and short term memory neural network (LSTM NN) for water quality prediction is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a prediction model based on LSTM NN is established. Secondly, as the training data, the data set of water quality indicators in Taihu Lake which measured monthly from 2000 to 2006 years is used for training model. Thirdly, to improve the predictive accuracy of the model, a series of simulations and parameters selection are carried out. Finally, the proposed method is compared with two methods: one is based on back propagation neural network, the other is based on online sequential extreme learning machine. The results show that the method is more accurate and more generalized.
水质预测不仅对水资源的管理,而且对水污染的防治都具有重要的现实意义。这是一个时间序列预测问题,传统的神经网络并不适合。提出了一种基于长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM NN)的水质预测方法。首先,建立了基于LSTM神经网络的预测模型。其次,以2000 ~ 2006年太湖水质指标月度测量数据集作为训练数据进行模型训练。再次,为了提高模型的预测精度,进行了一系列的仿真和参数选择。最后,将该方法与基于反向传播神经网络和基于在线顺序极值学习机的两种方法进行了比较。结果表明,该方法具有较高的精度和通用性。
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引用次数: 78
Margin based permutation variable importance: A stable importance measure for random forest 基于边际的排列变量重要性:随机森林的稳定重要性度量
Fan Yang, Peng Piao, Yongxuan Lai, Liu Pei
Permutation based variable importance measure (VIM) has been widely used in various research fields. For example, in gene expression studies, it has been regarded as a screening tool to select a subset of relevant genes for subsequent analysis or better predictive performance. However, little effort has been devoted to the stability of variable importance measures. In this paper, margin based permutation variable importance measures (VIM-MDs) are proposed, which utilize the similarity between margin distribution before and after random permutation to evaluate the importance of variables. Experiments on six benchmark datasets show that the VIM-MDs outperform permutation based variable importance mea­sure in terms of both global stability and predictive accuracy, which indicates that the proposed method could be used as an effective and stable variable importance measure for random forest.
基于置换的变量重要性度量法(VIM)已广泛应用于各个研究领域。例如,在基因表达研究中,它被认为是一种筛选工具,可以选择相关基因的子集进行后续分析或更好的预测性能。然而,对变量重要性测度的稳定性研究却很少。本文提出了基于边际的排列变量重要性度量(VIM-MDs),利用随机排列前后边际分布的相似性来评价变量的重要性。在6个基准数据集上的实验表明,VIM-MDs在全局稳定性和预测精度方面都优于基于置换的变量重要性度量,表明该方法可以作为一种有效且稳定的随机森林变量重要性度量方法。
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引用次数: 3
A user-centric approach towards learning noise in web data 以用户为中心的网络数据噪声学习方法
Julius Onyancha, V. Plekhanova
The rate at which web data is collected, stored and accessed by web users has led to high levels of noisiness. As the amount of noise in web data increases, it becomes difficult to find useful information based on a specific user interest. Current research works consider noise as any data that does not form part of the main web page, they propose machine learning algorithms aimed at protecting the main web page content from irrelevant data such as advertisements, banners, external links etc. Depending on what a user is interested on the web, noise web data can be useful data but on the other hand, useful data can be noisy. To learn noise data in a web user profile, a new machine learning algorithm/tool is proposed in this paper. An experimental design setup is presented to validate the performance of the proposed algorithms. The results obtained are compared with the currently available noise web data reduction tools. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms not only eliminate noise from a web user profile but learn prior to elimination. Learning of noise data prior to elimination contributes to the quality of user profile which is not addressed by the currently available tools.
网络用户收集、存储和访问网络数据的速度导致了高度的噪音。随着网络数据中噪音量的增加,基于特定用户兴趣找到有用信息变得越来越困难。目前的研究工作认为噪音是任何不构成主网页一部分的数据,他们提出了机器学习算法,旨在保护主网页内容免受不相关数据(如广告、横幅、外部链接等)的影响。根据用户对网络的兴趣,噪声网络数据可能是有用的数据,但另一方面,有用的数据可能是噪声的。为了学习web用户档案中的噪声数据,本文提出了一种新的机器学习算法/工具。提出了一个实验设计装置来验证所提出算法的性能。所得结果与目前可用的噪声网数据减少工具进行了比较。实验结果表明,所提出的算法不仅能够消除网络用户档案中的噪声,而且能够在消除之前进行学习。在消除噪声之前学习噪声数据有助于提高用户档案的质量,这是目前可用工具无法解决的。
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引用次数: 2
New terms metric based on substitutions 基于替换的新术语度量
Qinghua Liu, Yang Xu, Xingxing He
Many works are available in the literature to define dissimilarity metrics between expressions represented in the form of first-order logic, which is a powerful representation language. Generally speaking, first-order terms are basic logic expressions such that the first step in defining a valid metric between first-order expressions is to define a metric between terms. In this work, we introduce a new metric between terms which is an extension of the metric based on substitutions proposed by Alan Hutchinson. Our approach breaks the limitation of Alan Hutchinson's metric which is only suitable for ground terms and enhances the power of reflecting the dissimilarity in ground terms. In fact, both function symbols and variable symbols are the source of difference between terms. As a consequence, the new metric considers difference caused the two factors as J. Ramon et al. do, but in a different way which is based on substitutions. It is also defined in the form of 2-tuples, the first element of which is used for estimating difference caused by function symbols and another for estimating difference caused by variable symbols. Besides, some experimental results are also shown in the paper, which illustrates the effects and improvement compared with Alan Hutchinson's metric.
一阶逻辑是一种功能强大的表示语言,它定义了一阶逻辑形式的表达式之间的不相似性度量。一般来说,一阶项是基本的逻辑表达式,因此在一阶表达式之间定义有效度量的第一步是在项之间定义度量。在这项工作中,我们引入了一种新的项间度量,它是基于Alan Hutchinson提出的替换度量的扩展。我们的方法打破了Alan Hutchinson度量法只适用于地项的局限性,增强了反映地项间差异性的能力。实际上,函数符号和变量符号都是术语差异的根源。因此,新度量与J. Ramon等人一样考虑了这两个因素造成的差异,但采用了基于替换的不同方式。它也以2元组的形式定义,其中第一个元素用于估计由函数符号引起的差异,另一个用于估计由变量符号引起的差异。此外,本文还给出了一些实验结果,与Alan Hutchinson的度量相比,说明了该度量的效果和改进。
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引用次数: 1
Improved clustering and association rules mining for university student course scores 改进的聚类和关联规则挖掘大学生课程成绩
Tian Zhang, Changchuan Yin, Lin Pan
In order to help students improve their performance in college, this paper discovered the association rules among the scores of different courses, and introduced the parameter "Interest" to help filtering the rules. In order to meet the demand for score discretization in association rules mining, this paper analyzed score distribution characteristics, and proposed an initial cluster center optimized and isolated point pre-processed K-means clustering algorithm based on sample distribution density. This algorithm can reduce the sensitivity of K-means algorithm to initial cluster centers and isolated points. The numerical results and evaluation index show that this algorithm can meet the requirements of score discretization. The result of association rules mining using this improved K-means algorithm for score discretization can efficiently reduce the invalid and wrong rules.
为了帮助学生提高大学成绩,本文发现了不同课程成绩之间的关联规则,并引入了“兴趣”参数来帮助过滤规则。为了满足关联规则挖掘中分数离散化的需求,分析了分数分布特征,提出了一种基于样本分布密度的初始聚类中心优化和孤立点预处理的K-means聚类算法。该算法可以降低K-means算法对初始聚类中心和孤立点的敏感性。数值结果和评价指标表明,该算法能够满足分数离散化的要求。将改进的K-means算法用于分数离散化的关联规则挖掘结果可以有效地减少无效规则和错误规则。
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引用次数: 4
Renarrating web pages for improving information accessibility 重新定义网页,以提高信息的可访问性
Gollapudi V. R. J. Sai Prasad, M. S. Soumya, Venkatesh Choppella
In this paper we focus on the human users and aid them in better knowledge formation. We suggest that users face accessibility challenges in gathering information, especially when it is in a different representation system than they are used to. We identify this as a semantic gap. To overcome this we propose a client-side, browser based information modification tool called Renarration UI. We focus on both the design and implementation aspects of this tool and validate it by conducting an empirical study (n=10). Results are encouraging and suggest that renarration of web pages has potential to address these information accessibility issues.
在本文中,我们关注人类用户并帮助他们更好地形成知识。我们建议用户在收集信息时面临可访问性的挑战,特别是当信息使用与他们习惯的不同的表示系统时。我们把这称为语义差距。为了克服这个问题,我们提出了一个基于浏览器的客户端信息修改工具,称为renaration UI。我们将重点放在该工具的设计和实现方面,并通过进行实证研究(n=10)来验证它。结果令人鼓舞,并表明网页的重新命名有可能解决这些信息可访问性问题。
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引用次数: 4
Distributivity for 2-uninorms over semi-t-operators 半-算子上2-一致子的分布性
Ya-Ming Wang, Huawen Liu, F. Qin
The aim of this paper is mainly to solve the functional equations of distributivity for 2-uninorms over semi­t-operators. Our investigations are motivated by the couple of distributive logical connectives and their generalizations, one of which covering both uninorms and nullnorms are 2-uninorms. In this work, we discuss all possible cases of the distributivity equations for 2-uninorms over semi-t-operators, and give the sufficient and necessary conditions that 2-uninorms are distributive over semi-t-operators.
本文的主要目的是求解半-算子上2-一致子的分布性泛函方程。我们的研究是由一对分布逻辑连接词及其推广所驱动的,其中一个涵盖了一致范数和零范数的是2一致范数。本文讨论了半t算子上2-一致子的分布性方程的所有可能情况,给出了半t算子上2-一致子是分布的充要条件。
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引用次数: 2
Application of modified Stribeck model and simulated annealing genetic algorithm in friction parameter identification 改进Stribeck模型和模拟退火遗传算法在摩擦参数辨识中的应用
Haichen Guo, Boyan Zhou, Pingping Yang, Xincheng Gu
Friction is quite common and inevitable in physical environments. During the process of friction, vibration and collision will bring large deviations to identification results. In this paper, friction process with the influence of vibration and collision as well as data collection are implemented. In terms of friction model, according to the theory of Fourier series, we can introduce sine filter terms into friction model to eliminate influence of vibration and collision on parameter identifications. To get a much more accurate and efficient algorithm of identification, we embed simulated annealing operator into a genetic algorithm to take the advantages of both genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm. With the hybrid algorithm, the identification results of friction process under the influence of the vibration and collision can be determined effectively.
摩擦在物理环境中是相当普遍和不可避免的。在摩擦过程中,振动和碰撞会给识别结果带来较大的偏差。本文实现了受振动和碰撞影响的摩擦过程以及数据采集。在摩擦模型方面,根据傅立叶级数理论,在摩擦模型中引入正弦滤波项,消除振动和碰撞对参数辨识的影响。为了得到更准确、更高效的识别算法,我们将模拟退火算子嵌入到遗传算法中,充分利用遗传算法和模拟退火算法的优点。混合算法可以有效地确定振动和碰撞影响下的摩擦过程识别结果。
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引用次数: 8
Applying dynamic Bayesian tree in property sales price estimation 动态贝叶斯树在房地产销售价格估计中的应用
Mehrdad Ziaee Nejad, Jie Lu, Vahid Behbood
Accurate prediction of Residential Property Sale Price is very important and significant in the operation of the real estate market. Property sellers and buyers/Investors wish to know a fair value for their properties in particular at the time of the sales transaction. The main reason to build an Automated Valuation Model is to be accurate enough to replace human. To select a most suitable model for the property sale price prediction, this paper examined seven Tree-based machine learning models including Dynamic Bayesian Tree (online learning method), Random Forest, Stochastic Gradient Boosting, CART, Bagged CART, Tree Bagged Ensembles and Boosted Tree (batch learning methods) by comparing their RMSE and MAE performances. The performance of these models are tested on 1967 records of unit sales from 19 suburbs of Sydney, Australia. The main purpose of this study is to compare the performance of batch models with the online model. The results demonstrated that Dynamic Bayesian Tree as an online model stands in the middle of batch models based on the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). It shows using online model for estimating the property sale price is reasonable for real world application.
住宅物业销售价格的准确预测在房地产市场运行中具有十分重要的意义。物业卖家和买家/投资者都希望知道其物业的公允价值,特别是在销售交易时。建立一个自动化评估模型的主要原因是要足够准确,以取代人工。为了选择最适合房地产销售价格预测的模型,本文研究了7种基于树的机器学习模型,包括动态贝叶斯树(在线学习方法)、随机森林、随机梯度增强、CART、Bagged CART、Tree Bagged Ensembles和Boosting Tree(批处理学习方法),并比较了它们的RMSE和MAE性能。这些车型的性能是根据1967年澳大利亚悉尼19个郊区的单位销售记录进行测试的。本研究的主要目的是比较批处理模型与在线模型的性能。结果表明,基于均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对误差(MAE),动态贝叶斯树作为在线模型处于批处理模型的中间位置。结果表明,在实际应用中,使用在线模型估算房屋销售价格是合理的。
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引用次数: 10
期刊
2017 12th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Knowledge Engineering (ISKE)
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