{"title":"Double doughnut sign in dengue encephalitis.","authors":"Nitin Gupta, Vasudeva Acharya, Cynthia Amrutha, Muralidhar Varma","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcae162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Roth spots in infective endocarditis\".","authors":"Basavaraj Tigari, KarthikVinay Mahesh S","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcae158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Red hypopyon sign.","authors":"Sivasankari Rajamanickam, Logamoorthy Ramamoorthy, Kaliaperumal Karthikeyan","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcae155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel compound heterozygous mutation in the DNAH9 gene causes primary ciliary dyskinesia.","authors":"Mingxin Zhu, Shijie Jin, Tong Li","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcae154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ju-Min Yan, Liang Zhao, Qing-Ren Liu, Hong-Qi Lin, Jian-Jun Yang
{"title":"Optic nerve sheath diameter measurement using ultrasonography: associations with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 intensive care unit admissions.","authors":"Ju-Min Yan, Liang Zhao, Qing-Ren Liu, Hong-Qi Lin, Jian-Jun Yang","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcae152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I Nln, J Shum, Y Ghodke-Puranik, R Tipon, D Triese, S Amin, A Makol, T Osborn, V Chowdhary, U Thanarajasingam, T L W Muskardin, V Oke, I Gunnarsson, A Zickert, M I Zervou, D T Boumpas, E Svenungsson, G N Goulielmos, T B Niewold
Background: Viral infection outcomes vary widely between individuals, ranging from mild symptoms to severe organ failure and death, and it is clear that host genetic factors play a role in this variability. Type I interferon (IFN) is a critical anti-viral cytokine, and we have previously noted differences in type I IFN levels between world populations.
Methods: In this study, we investigate the interrelationship between regional European genetic ancestry, type I IFN levels and severe viral infection outcomes.
Results: In cohorts of European ancestry lupus patients living in Europe, we noted higher IFN in the Northwestern populations as compared to Southeastern populations. In an independent cohort of European ancestry lupus patients from the USA with varying proportional regional European genetic admixture, we observed the same Northwest vs. Southeast European ancestry IFN gradient. We developed a model to predict type I IFN level based on regional European ancestry (Area under the curve (AUC) = 0.73, P = 6.1e-6). Examining large databases containing serious viral outcomes data, we found that lower predicted IFN in the corresponding European country was significantly correlated with increased viral infection fatality rate, including Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), viral hepatitis and HIV [correlation coefficients: -0.79 (P = 4e-2), -0.94 (P = 6e-3) and -0.96 (P = 8e-2), respectively].
Conclusions: This association between predicted type I IFN level and viral outcome severity suggests a potential causal relationship, as greater intrinsic type I IFN is beneficial in host defense against viruses. Genetic testing could provide insight into individual and population level risk of fatality due to viruses prior to infection, across a wide range of viral pathogens.
{"title":"Regional European genetic ancestry predicts type I interferon level and risk of severe viral infection.","authors":"I Nln, J Shum, Y Ghodke-Puranik, R Tipon, D Triese, S Amin, A Makol, T Osborn, V Chowdhary, U Thanarajasingam, T L W Muskardin, V Oke, I Gunnarsson, A Zickert, M I Zervou, D T Boumpas, E Svenungsson, G N Goulielmos, T B Niewold","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcae052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Viral infection outcomes vary widely between individuals, ranging from mild symptoms to severe organ failure and death, and it is clear that host genetic factors play a role in this variability. Type I interferon (IFN) is a critical anti-viral cytokine, and we have previously noted differences in type I IFN levels between world populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we investigate the interrelationship between regional European genetic ancestry, type I IFN levels and severe viral infection outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In cohorts of European ancestry lupus patients living in Europe, we noted higher IFN in the Northwestern populations as compared to Southeastern populations. In an independent cohort of European ancestry lupus patients from the USA with varying proportional regional European genetic admixture, we observed the same Northwest vs. Southeast European ancestry IFN gradient. We developed a model to predict type I IFN level based on regional European ancestry (Area under the curve (AUC) = 0.73, P = 6.1e-6). Examining large databases containing serious viral outcomes data, we found that lower predicted IFN in the corresponding European country was significantly correlated with increased viral infection fatality rate, including Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), viral hepatitis and HIV [correlation coefficients: -0.79 (P = 4e-2), -0.94 (P = 6e-3) and -0.96 (P = 8e-2), respectively].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This association between predicted type I IFN level and viral outcome severity suggests a potential causal relationship, as greater intrinsic type I IFN is beneficial in host defense against viruses. Genetic testing could provide insight into individual and population level risk of fatality due to viruses prior to infection, across a wide range of viral pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"581-588"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11389909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Supakul, K Yasukawa, T Asaka, A Nakamura, P Jaroongjittanusonti, A Ozaki, T Sawada
{"title":"Emergency care accessibility for undocumented migrants in Japan: why are they not covered?","authors":"S Supakul, K Yasukawa, T Asaka, A Nakamura, P Jaroongjittanusonti, A Ozaki, T Sawada","doi":"10.1093/qjmed/hcad282","DOIUrl":"10.1093/qjmed/hcad282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20806,"journal":{"name":"QJM: An International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"553-554"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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