Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044475
B. Youssef, F. Guillemin, G. L. Solliec, G. Corde
Advanced control systems and diagnosis algorithms for modern automotive engines need further feedback information of different events inside the cylinders. In this work, we propose a new method for in cylinder trapped mass estimation (TME), using instantaneous cylinder pressure measurements as input. The method is based on a graphical signatures generation tool, recently proposed for diagnosis and parametric estimation of nonlinear systems. A two dimensional graphical signature is generated from measured cylinder pressure. It is shown that generated signature is correlated with the value of trapped mass and thus enables us to design an TM estimator. Experimental Data obtained on a four cylinder diesel engine test bench has been used for off line static validation. The proposed method has been successfully implemented and tested on line using LTC Diesel vehicle.
{"title":"In cylinder trapped mass estimation in diesel engines using cylinder pressure measurements","authors":"B. Youssef, F. Guillemin, G. L. Solliec, G. Corde","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044475","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced control systems and diagnosis algorithms for modern automotive engines need further feedback information of different events inside the cylinders. In this work, we propose a new method for in cylinder trapped mass estimation (TME), using instantaneous cylinder pressure measurements as input. The method is based on a graphical signatures generation tool, recently proposed for diagnosis and parametric estimation of nonlinear systems. A two dimensional graphical signature is generated from measured cylinder pressure. It is shown that generated signature is correlated with the value of trapped mass and thus enables us to design an TM estimator. Experimental Data obtained on a four cylinder diesel engine test bench has been used for off line static validation. The proposed method has been successfully implemented and tested on line using LTC Diesel vehicle.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121857702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044492
A. Tarau, P. Nuij, M. Steinbuch
Electron microscopes are important tools for material science research since they can reveal accurate images (down to the atomic level) for a wide range of specimens. Moreover, a sample can be visualized while thermal processes are induced to the specimen. Such processes involve the contraction or the expansion of the specimen holder, and hence image movement. In current practice one has to wait until the image stabilizes and then analyze the sample. In this paper we propose a hierarchical control framework where at the lower levels we use local and independent PID controllers for adjusting the stage and the beam deflectors. These controllers are then coordinated by a supervisory controller such that maximum performance is achieved. The coordinating controller will solve a nonlinear optimization problem for linear stage models in the model-based predictive control (MPC) setting. Typically, this problem is NP hard and therefore difficult to solve. In this paper we propose to further improve the performance of the system by recasting the optimization problem into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) one. The advantage is that for MILP optimization problems solvers are available which guarantee to find the global optimum. Then the MILP solution can be used as good initial point when solving optimization problems for nonlinear stage models.
{"title":"Hierarchical control for drift correction in transmission electron microscopes","authors":"A. Tarau, P. Nuij, M. Steinbuch","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044492","url":null,"abstract":"Electron microscopes are important tools for material science research since they can reveal accurate images (down to the atomic level) for a wide range of specimens. Moreover, a sample can be visualized while thermal processes are induced to the specimen. Such processes involve the contraction or the expansion of the specimen holder, and hence image movement. In current practice one has to wait until the image stabilizes and then analyze the sample. In this paper we propose a hierarchical control framework where at the lower levels we use local and independent PID controllers for adjusting the stage and the beam deflectors. These controllers are then coordinated by a supervisory controller such that maximum performance is achieved. The coordinating controller will solve a nonlinear optimization problem for linear stage models in the model-based predictive control (MPC) setting. Typically, this problem is NP hard and therefore difficult to solve. In this paper we propose to further improve the performance of the system by recasting the optimization problem into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) one. The advantage is that for MILP optimization problems solvers are available which guarantee to find the global optimum. Then the MILP solution can be used as good initial point when solving optimization problems for nonlinear stage models.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"321 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123311960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044437
J. Rehrl, M. Horn
This paper focuses on the controller design for heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems. The proposed model based design technique relies on the method of feedback linearization in combination with model predictive control. The design is based on a simplified model derived from thermodynamic equations. The control loop is evaluated in numerical simulation as well as on an industrial real world system. It is compared to a control technique which uses a state controller with feedback linearization.
{"title":"Temperature control for HVAC systems based on exact linearization and model predictive control","authors":"J. Rehrl, M. Horn","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044437","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the controller design for heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems. The proposed model based design technique relies on the method of feedback linearization in combination with model predictive control. The design is based on a simplified model derived from thermodynamic equations. The control loop is evaluated in numerical simulation as well as on an industrial real world system. It is compared to a control technique which uses a state controller with feedback linearization.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115051218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044493
I. Mizumoto, Akihiro Minami
In this paper, we consider applying the ASPR based adaptive PID scheme to a magnetic levitation system with input saturation. A strategy which alleviates the windup phenomena on the ASPR based adaptive PID control system will be proposed. Unlike the common anti-windup control strategies, we will provide a novel time varying PFC design scheme so as to realize an anti-windup adaptive PID control system for the magnetic levitation system.
{"title":"Anti-windup adaptive PID control for a magnetic levitation system with a PFC based on time-varying ASPR model","authors":"I. Mizumoto, Akihiro Minami","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044493","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider applying the ASPR based adaptive PID scheme to a magnetic levitation system with input saturation. A strategy which alleviates the windup phenomena on the ASPR based adaptive PID control system will be proposed. Unlike the common anti-windup control strategies, we will provide a novel time varying PFC design scheme so as to realize an anti-windup adaptive PID control system for the magnetic levitation system.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129763610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044468
C. Novara, L. Fagiano, M. Milanese
In recent years, High-Altitude Wind Energy (HAWE) technologies have emerged to harness the power of wind blowing up to 1000 m above the ground, exploiting the controlled flight of tethered wings. Automatic control of the wings is a key aspect of HAWE generators and it is a complex issue, since the system at hand is open-loop unstable, difficult to model and subject to significant external disturbances. In this paper, a control technique for HAWE generators is proposed, based on a Direct-Inverse Control approach, that allows to compute a controller directly from data, thus avoiding the need to derive a model of the system. The Direct-Inverse controller is designed by using a sparse identification method, and its effectiveness in the considered application is shown through numerical simulation results.
{"title":"Direct data-driven inverse control of a power kite for high altitude wind energy conversion","authors":"C. Novara, L. Fagiano, M. Milanese","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044468","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, High-Altitude Wind Energy (HAWE) technologies have emerged to harness the power of wind blowing up to 1000 m above the ground, exploiting the controlled flight of tethered wings. Automatic control of the wings is a key aspect of HAWE generators and it is a complex issue, since the system at hand is open-loop unstable, difficult to model and subject to significant external disturbances. In this paper, a control technique for HAWE generators is proposed, based on a Direct-Inverse Control approach, that allows to compute a controller directly from data, thus avoiding the need to derive a model of the system. The Direct-Inverse controller is designed by using a sparse identification method, and its effectiveness in the considered application is shown through numerical simulation results.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129764675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044470
Chung Seop Jeong, E. Yaz, Y. I. Yaz
A class of discrete-time nonlinear system and measurement equations having incrementally conic nonlinearities and finite energy disturbances is considered. A linear matrix inequality based resilient observer design approach is presented to guarantee the satisfaction of a variety of performance criteria ranging from simple estimation error boundedness to dissipativity in the presence of bounded perturbations on the gain. Some simulation examples are included to illustrate the proposed design methodology.
{"title":"Resilient observer design for discrete-time nonlinear systems with general criteria","authors":"Chung Seop Jeong, E. Yaz, Y. I. Yaz","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044470","url":null,"abstract":"A class of discrete-time nonlinear system and measurement equations having incrementally conic nonlinearities and finite energy disturbances is considered. A linear matrix inequality based resilient observer design approach is presented to guarantee the satisfaction of a variety of performance criteria ranging from simple estimation error boundedness to dissipativity in the presence of bounded perturbations on the gain. Some simulation examples are included to illustrate the proposed design methodology.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128872674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044377
R. Robinett, D. Wilson
The swing equations for conventional and renewable generators connected to the electric power grid and microgrids are developed. Simple diesel and wind turbine generators with Unified Power Flow Control (UPFC) are used as an example. The swing equations for a renewable generator and conventional generators in an islanded microgrid are formulated as a natural Hamiltonian system with externally applied non-conservative forces. A two-step process referred to as Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control (HSSPFC) is used to analyze and design feedback controllers for the renewable generator and islanded microgrid systems. This paper presents the analysis and design of nonlinear controller examples that include a two-machine infinite bus system with UPFC's in an islanded microgrid and applied to simplified diesel and wind turbine generators connected to the grid. The needed power and energy storage/charging responses are also determined. Necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of renewable generators systems are determined based on the concepts of Hamiltonian systems, power flow, exergy (the maximum work that can be extracted from an energy flow) rate, and entropy rate.
{"title":"Nonlinear power flow control design for combined conventional and variable generation systems: Part I-theory","authors":"R. Robinett, D. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044377","url":null,"abstract":"The swing equations for conventional and renewable generators connected to the electric power grid and microgrids are developed. Simple diesel and wind turbine generators with Unified Power Flow Control (UPFC) are used as an example. The swing equations for a renewable generator and conventional generators in an islanded microgrid are formulated as a natural Hamiltonian system with externally applied non-conservative forces. A two-step process referred to as Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control (HSSPFC) is used to analyze and design feedback controllers for the renewable generator and islanded microgrid systems. This paper presents the analysis and design of nonlinear controller examples that include a two-machine infinite bus system with UPFC's in an islanded microgrid and applied to simplified diesel and wind turbine generators connected to the grid. The needed power and energy storage/charging responses are also determined. Necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of renewable generators systems are determined based on the concepts of Hamiltonian systems, power flow, exergy (the maximum work that can be extracted from an energy flow) rate, and entropy rate.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130800030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044460
L. Ferkl, Clara Verhelst, L. Helsen, Alexandr Ciller, Dana Komarkova
In order to provide decision-making mechanism for application of model-based control of heating systems in buildings, a method has been proposed that assumes the energy balance calculation as the performance bound for the model-based controller. If the performance bound is significantly lower than the actual energy consumption, a more accurate estimate is made by means of dynamic model identification and model-based controller simulation. Said method has been tested as a case study on a health care center located in Prague, Czech Republic.
{"title":"Energy savings potential of a model-based controller for heating: A feasibility study","authors":"L. Ferkl, Clara Verhelst, L. Helsen, Alexandr Ciller, Dana Komarkova","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044460","url":null,"abstract":"In order to provide decision-making mechanism for application of model-based control of heating systems in buildings, a method has been proposed that assumes the energy balance calculation as the performance bound for the model-based controller. If the performance bound is significantly lower than the actual energy consumption, a more accurate estimate is made by means of dynamic model identification and model-based controller simulation. Said method has been tested as a case study on a health care center located in Prague, Czech Republic.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134097232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044361
A. V. Titov, A. Pyrkin, A. Bobtsov, S. Kolyubin, A. Vedyakov
We present a new control approach for active suspension system aimed on periodical road disturbance cancellation by measuring the output signal. Compared to the existing approaches, the dynamic order of our adaptive scheme is low (equal to three).
{"title":"Output adaptive control for active suspension rejecting road disturbance","authors":"A. V. Titov, A. Pyrkin, A. Bobtsov, S. Kolyubin, A. Vedyakov","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044361","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new control approach for active suspension system aimed on periodical road disturbance cancellation by measuring the output signal. Compared to the existing approaches, the dynamic order of our adaptive scheme is low (equal to three).","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132280317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CCA.2011.6044428
S. Lattanzio, Jeffrey T. Scruggs
This article examines the design of optimal feedback controllers for ocean wave energy converters. Typically, controllers for these systems are designed using impedance matching techniques, which are tuned to the dominant frequency of wave motion. However, for realistic sea states, which are stochastic and not particularly narrowband, such tuning techniques can result in significantly sub-optimal performance. Although this can be remedied using well-known broadband impedance matching techniques, such techniques are anticausal, thus requiring that future wave motions be known ahead of time, either through the use of deployed sensors or else through the use of prediction. In this article, we illustrate the derivation of the optimal causal controller for wave energy converter, which requires only the generator velocities to be measured for feedback, and may be found as the solution to a nonstandard LQG optimal control problem. We discuss a comparison of the spectral characteristics for optimal causal and anticausal controllers, and illustrate the manner in which these two controllers' behaviors vary with the effiiciency of the generators used.
{"title":"Maximum power generation of a wave energy converter in a stochastic environment","authors":"S. Lattanzio, Jeffrey T. Scruggs","doi":"10.1109/CCA.2011.6044428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCA.2011.6044428","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the design of optimal feedback controllers for ocean wave energy converters. Typically, controllers for these systems are designed using impedance matching techniques, which are tuned to the dominant frequency of wave motion. However, for realistic sea states, which are stochastic and not particularly narrowband, such tuning techniques can result in significantly sub-optimal performance. Although this can be remedied using well-known broadband impedance matching techniques, such techniques are anticausal, thus requiring that future wave motions be known ahead of time, either through the use of deployed sensors or else through the use of prediction. In this article, we illustrate the derivation of the optimal causal controller for wave energy converter, which requires only the generator velocities to be measured for feedback, and may be found as the solution to a nonstandard LQG optimal control problem. We discuss a comparison of the spectral characteristics for optimal causal and anticausal controllers, and illustrate the manner in which these two controllers' behaviors vary with the effiiciency of the generators used.","PeriodicalId":208713,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129452800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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