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A Simplified Approach for Predicting the Time of Consolidation for a Multi-Layered Foundation 多层地基固结时间预测的简化方法
Pub Date : 2021-09-28 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000871
T. Duong
This paper deals with a simplified approach of predicting the time of consolidation settlement for a multi-layered foundation using the coupling technique for settlement and unsettlement zones in a specific compressible layer and layers. According to MIT’s lecture, every two layers should combine into one having an equivalent degree of consolidation or having an equivalent thickness of consolidation. From this valuable guideline, several procedures are developed to tackle the specific problem of the settlement of a multi-layered foundation. This study also introduces an idea for coupling the layers, concerning the drainage path during combining every two layers, and some practical points are suggested.
本文研究了一种利用特定可压缩层和层中沉降与不沉降区耦合技术预测多层地基固结沉降时间的简化方法。根据麻省理工学院的讲座,每两层应该合并成一个具有同等固结程度或具有同等固结厚度的层。根据这一宝贵的指导方针,开发了几个程序来解决多层基础沉降的具体问题。本文还提出了层间耦合的思想,即每两层合并时的排水路径,并提出了一些实用的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Applications of Electromagnetic Field to Continuous Casting Process of Steel 电磁场在钢连铸过程中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000870
H. Harada
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引用次数: 0
Oxidation Treatment of Arsenic Sulfide Slag 硫化砷渣的氧化处理
Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000869
Liang Rui-bing
Large quantities of arsenic-containing toxic emissions are released during the smelting process of non-ferrous minerals. The scrubbing process of flue gases from roasting furnaces, for example, produces a large amount of arsenic-containing acid sewage, and the latter, in turn, produces arsenic sulfide slag during the sulfide precipitation process. The arsenic sulfide slag is highly toxic and cannot be disposed of directly to the environment. It needs to be converted to some environment-friendly forms before disposal. With increasingly stringent requirements on environmental protection, more attention is being paid to the eco-friendly treatment of arsenic waste. The oxidation of arsenic sulfide slag can be the appropriate process. In the present paper, methods for treating arsenic sulfide residue waste are suggested; these include ferric sulfate oxidation leaching, hydrothermal treatment assisted by ferric nitrate, alkali leaching with air oxidation, sodium carbonate alkaline leaching, hydrogen peroxide oxidation leaching, etc. The possibilities of suggested processes in the industrial environment are also discussed.
有色金属在冶炼过程中释放出大量含砷有毒物质。例如,焙烧炉烟气的洗涤过程会产生大量含砷的酸性污水,而后者在硫化物沉淀过程中又会产生硫化砷渣。硫化砷渣具有剧毒,不能直接排放到环境中。在处理之前,需要将其转换为一些环保形式。随着人们对环境保护的要求越来越严格,砷废物的生态处理越来越受到人们的关注。可对硫化砷渣进行适当的氧化处理。本文介绍了硫化砷废渣的处理方法;其中包括硫酸铁氧化浸出、硝酸铁辅助水热浸出、空气氧化碱浸出、碳酸钠碱浸出、过氧化氢氧化浸出等。还讨论了在工业环境中建议的过程的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
A Review of GUMBOS: Tunable Ionic Materials GUMBOS:可调离子材料的研究进展
Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000868
C. Ayala
Strategic development of ionic materials has long been of considerable interest to many researchers. For example, ionic liquid research has been extensively explored as alternative solvents to highly volatile and/or caustic traditional organic solvents. While these solvents have been classified as having a range of melting points (below 100 °C), many researchers have targeted relatively low melting point materials for their desired applications. Similar materials with higher melting points were often deemed inefficient and often discarded and declared useless. However, several groups have begun to explore the advantages of solid-phase ionic materials, known as a groups of uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS). Many advantages arise through implementation of these solid-state ILs analogues in different fields of research. These advantages include 1) maintaining ease of synthesis using IL chemistry, 2) exploring easy tunability of solid-state materials, and 3) providing researchers with ability to easily develop materials on the nanoscale. Herein, we provide an overview of advantages of using GUMBOS for materials research applications.
离子材料的战略发展一直是许多研究人员非常感兴趣的问题。例如,离子液体研究已被广泛探索作为高挥发性和/或腐蚀性传统有机溶剂的替代溶剂。虽然这些溶剂被归类为具有一定熔点范围(低于100°C),但许多研究人员已经针对相对低熔点的材料进行了所需的应用。熔点较高的类似材料通常被认为效率低下,经常被丢弃并宣布无用。然而,几个小组已经开始探索固相离子材料的优势,被称为基于有机盐的均匀材料组(GUMBOS)。通过在不同的研究领域中实施这些固态il类似物,可以产生许多优点。这些优势包括1)使用IL化学保持合成的便利性,2)探索固态材料的易调性,以及3)为研究人员提供了在纳米尺度上轻松开发材料的能力。在此,我们概述了使用GUMBOS进行材料研究应用的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Tailored Synthesis of PS@Ag@TiO2 Core-shell Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Dye Degradation 用于光催化染料降解的PS@Ag@TiO2核壳纳米复合材料的定制合成
Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000866
H. Acharya
Here, we describe a simple chemical method to synthesize multi component PS@Ag@TiO 2 nanocomposites. The three-step synthetic approach comprises of synthesis of polystyrene (PS) particles, deposition of silver (Ag) nanostructure and coating of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoshells. As synthesized materials is characterised by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The size of the PS particles is obtained as approx. 200nm in diameter. Ag nanoparticles deposited PS particles are indicated by the surface plasmon band resonance in UV-vis study. To study the potential application, the photocatalytic activity of the PS@Ag@TiO 2 nanocomposites is investigated in Methylene Blue (MB) dye degradation. Nanocomposite provides high photocatalytic degradation with a maximum efficiency of over 90% only in 30min.
在这里,我们描述了一种简单的化学方法来合成多组分PS@Ag@ tio2纳米复合材料。该合成方法包括聚苯乙烯(PS)粒子的合成、银(Ag)纳米结构的沉积和二氧化钛(tio2)纳米壳的涂层。合成材料是通过显微和光谱技术来表征的。得到PS颗粒的大小近似为。直径200nm。紫外-可见光谱研究表明,表面等离子体带共振表明银纳米粒子沉积了PS粒子。为了研究其潜在的应用前景,研究了PS@Ag@ tio2纳米复合材料在亚甲基蓝(MB)染料降解中的光催化活性。纳米复合材料提供高光催化降解,最高效率超过90%,仅在30分钟内。
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引用次数: 0
LIDAR Monitoring of Urban Areas 城市地区激光雷达监测
Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000867
N. I
The use of a LIDAR to monitor the air pollution makes it possible to control large city areas and detect the spatiotemporal location of Particulate Matter (PM) emissions sources. LIDAR monitoring is a fast method for estimating the pollution, respectively the mass concentration of PM in the atmospheric ground bioaerosol. The careful study of air pollution becomes especially relevant as the PM are potential carriers of solid-state particles dangerous to health and biologically active components. The present report summarizes our experience [1-3] on how the intricate complex of particles with different content and size found in the aerosol might affect the LIDAR monitoring results on the long distance. LIDAR subject of this study is capable of scanning and mapping the horizontal and vertical aerosol distributions and the transport of air masses with a range resolution along the Line of Sight (LOS) of 30m and a beam divergence of ~1 mrad at operational distances of about 25km [3]. The laser emitter (wavelength of 510.6nm) is a pulsed CuBr vapor laser with a repetition rate of 5-10kHz at a 15-ns pulse duration. The receiving system comprises a Carl Zeiss Jena Cassegrain telescope (aperture of 20cm and a focal distance of 1m), a 2-mm-wide focal diaphragm, an interference filter with a 2-nm-wide passband, and an EMI 9789 photo-multiplier tube operating in a photon-counting mode along the entire operational distance. The receiving system is fully computerized for collecting and processing the LIDAR data using a PCO 1001 1024-channel digital interface system for signal strobing and accumulation. The LIDAR monitoring was calibrated based on the data from a sampling absorber located just below the spot of the LIDAR beam with a flow rate of 100m /h, where the particles are collected on a filter with pore size 3µ m (FILTER-LAB, Material MCE, Lot.180509006).
利用激光雷达监测空气污染使控制大城市地区和检测颗粒物(PM)排放源的时空位置成为可能。激光雷达监测是一种快速估计大气污染、大气地面生物气溶胶中PM质量浓度的方法。仔细研究空气污染变得尤为重要,因为PM是对健康有害的固态颗粒和生物活性成分的潜在载体。本报告总结了我们在气溶胶中发现的不同含量和大小的复杂颗粒如何影响远距离激光雷达监测结果的经验[1-3]。本研究的激光雷达主体能够扫描和绘制水平和垂直气溶胶分布以及气团的输送,在约25km的操作距离上,视距(LOS)的距离分辨率为30m,波束散度为~ 1mrad[3]。激光发射器(波长510.6nm)是一种脉冲CuBr蒸汽激光器,在15ns脉冲持续时间下重复频率为5-10kHz。接收系统包括一个卡尔蔡司耶纳卡塞格伦望远镜(孔径20厘米,焦距1米),一个2毫米宽的焦膜片,一个2纳米宽通带的干涉滤光片,以及一个沿整个工作距离以光子计数模式工作的EMI 9789光倍增管。接收系统是完全计算机化的,用于收集和处理激光雷达数据,使用pco1001 1024通道数字接口系统进行信号频闪和积累。LIDAR监测是根据位于LIDAR光束点下方的采样吸收器的数据进行校准的,流速为100m /h,其中颗粒收集在孔径为3µm的过滤器上(filter - lab, Material MCE,批号180509006)。
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引用次数: 0
IR Transparent Ceramic Microfluidic Chips Produced by Powder Injection Molding 粉末注射成型制备红外透明陶瓷微流控芯片
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000865
Tao Li
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引用次数: 1
Quantification of Water Impurity in an Atomic Layer Deposition Reactor Using Group Contribution Method 用基团贡献法定量原子层沉积反应器中的水杂质
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000864
C. Takoudis
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is a vapor phase process to deposit thin films using precursors and co-reactants on a variety of substrates. The ALD system, the data of which is used here, had aimed to deposit TiO2 thin films on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and silicon reference substrates using tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium and ozone. Absorbed water molecules in PMMA were released into the reactor during deposition, acted as a co-reactant, and affected the growth rate on the silicon reference substrate. The objective of this work is to theoretically calculate the amount of water impurities in the ALD reactor during several number of cycles. A group contribution method based on Adsorbate Solid Solution Theory (ASST) is employed to theoretically estimate the number of moles of water in the above-mentioned ALD reactor.
原子层沉积(ALD)是一种使用前驱体和共反应物在各种衬底上沉积薄膜的气相工艺。ALD系统(本文使用的数据)旨在使用四甲基(二甲酰胺)钛和臭氧在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和硅基准衬底上沉积TiO2薄膜。PMMA中吸收的水分子在沉积过程中被释放到反应器中,作为共反应物,影响了硅基准衬底上的生长速率。本工作的目的是理论上计算ALD反应器在几个周期内的水杂质量。采用基于吸附质固溶体理论(助理)的基团贡献法对上述ALD反应器中水的摩尔数进行了理论估计。
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引用次数: 2
Synthesis and Mechanical Characterization of Al Casting Produced by Slip Casting and Pressure Less Sintering 滑移铸造-无压烧结铝铸件的合成及力学性能
Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000863
M. A. Hussain
The aluminum (Al) metallurgical parts have been used in various industrial applications including but not limited to structural, aerospace and automotive industries etc. owing to their excellent corrosion resistance, light weight, and good mechanical properties especially good specific strength [1-3]. In conventional ingot making, the properties of Al-alloys were improved by changing the composition of alloying elements, optimizing the processing techniques like heat treatments and mechanical treatments. There are various physical and mechanical properties which are not improved through ingot casting technique, and hence there is need to explore new processing techniques which can produce desire properties for complex shaped components. Metal casting is one of the important and widely used routes to shape Al metallurgical parts, however this process is health hazardous and not ecofriendly [4]. The powder metallurgy (P/M) can provide the possible solutions to the aforementioned issues associated with the production of Al metallurgical parts.
由于铝(Al)冶金部件具有优异的耐腐蚀性,重量轻,良好的机械性能,特别是良好的比强度,已用于各种工业应用,包括但不限于结构,航空航天和汽车工业等[1-3]。在传统的铸锭制造中,通过改变合金元素的组成,优化热处理和机械处理等加工技术来改善铝合金的性能。铸锭铸造技术不能改善铸件的各种物理和机械性能,因此需要探索新的加工技术,以生产出形状复杂的零件所需的性能。金属铸造是一种重要的和广泛使用的路线来塑造铝冶金零件,但这一过程是有害健康和不环保的[4]。粉末冶金技术可以为上述问题的解决提供可能的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Change in Material Properties at Mechanoactivation 机械活化下材料性能的变化
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2021.15.000862
Pryadko Nataliya Sergeevna
Grinding activation is a new way to accelerate physical and chemical processes. It finds more and more widespread use and is the basis of fundamentally new technological processes, when an auxiliary operation becomes the main one. In the production of cement, crushed granular blast furnace slag can partially replace cement, provided the desired specific surface area of the product. This operation reduces energy consumption for the technological process and leads to lower consumption of natural raw materials. The studies of the dependence of the activated material properties on its storage terms have been carried out. Analysis of the results allows us to assert that the specific surface area of blast-furnace slags for each type of material decreases during the storage of crushed powders. The established dependencies can be used to predict the permissible storage and storage time of activated finely dispersed materials for their further use as building materials and mineral powders for construction and production of building materials. and nonferrous
磨矿活化是一种加速物理化学过程的新方法。当一种辅助操作成为主要操作时,它得到越来越广泛的应用,并从根本上成为新工艺过程的基础。在水泥生产中,只要产品比表面积满足要求,粉碎后的粒状高炉矿渣可以部分替代水泥。该操作降低了工艺过程的能耗,降低了天然原料的消耗。研究了活性物质的性质与贮存条件的关系。对结果的分析使我们可以断言,在粉碎粉末的储存过程中,每种材料的高炉炉渣的比表面积都在减少。所建立的依赖关系可用于预测活性精细分散材料的允许储存和储存时间,以便进一步用作建筑材料和用于建筑材料生产的矿物粉末。和有色金属
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引用次数: 0
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Research & Development in Material Science
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