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Optimal Allocation of Curtailment Level of PV Power Output in Different Regions in Consideration of the Reduction in Aggregated PV Power 考虑光伏发电总量减少的不同区域光伏发电弃风水平优化配置
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.265
N. Harag, C. Urabe, T. Kato
Due to the extremely high penetration of photovoltaic power generation system (PV), the power output curtailment (Cr) of PV is necessary not only to maintain supply-demand balance but also to preserve enough capacity for the frequency control. Although the Cr level for the aggregated PV in the power system service area is determined in a day-ahead unit commitment (UC) scheduling, the Cr for individual PV with different weather conditions should be allocated so that the fluctuation of aggregated PV power output is minimized. Assuming that the short-term forecasting of individual PV power output fluctuations characteristics is available, the objective of this study is to propose methods for optimal short-term allocation of Cr level among each region. The proposed methods have proven their effectiveness in meeting the predetermined average PV power ouput as well as reducing the fluctuations of the overall system.
由于光伏发电系统(PV)的渗透率极高,光伏发电系统的输出限电(Cr)不仅是维持供需平衡的必要条件,也是为频率控制保留足够容量的必要条件。虽然在日前调度中确定了电力系统服务区聚合光伏的Cr值,但需要对不同天气条件下的单个光伏的Cr值进行分配,以使聚合光伏出力的波动最小。假设单个光伏发电输出波动特征的短期预测是可行的,本研究的目的是提出Cr水平在各个区域之间的短期最优分配方法。所提出的方法已被证明在满足预定的光伏平均输出和减少整个系统波动方面是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Lighting characterization of an Italian beginning twentieth-century school building 二十世纪初意大利学校建筑的照明特征
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.330
A. Moschella, D. Amato, A. Gagliano
Nowadays, visual comfort in classrooms is considered crucial for the quality of students' learning processes. In Italy (1888 and 1901), many educational buildings, which constitute a cluster of historic school buildings, were built following specific national regulations. These buildings are characterized by the careful design of the classrooms both in relation to the orientation and their size. Among the design criteria, educational buildings structures had taken into account the orientation of the facades, as well as the arrangement and size of windows and other light inputs The study presented in this paper is aimed at evaluating if these educational buildings, designed according to ancient rules, are able to meet today's standards of visual comfort. With this purpose, the assessment of lighting levels, luminance distribution, average daylight factor, and daylight autonomy (DA) was carried out for all classrooms for a case study, typologically representative of this school buildings' cluster. The daylight analysis showed that most classrooms were subject to glare and lack of uniformity of illumination, while in other environments low values of illuminance levels were found. However, it is believed that a lighting refurbishment, respectful of the cultural value of these historic school buildings, can be considered
如今,教室的视觉舒适被认为对学生学习过程的质量至关重要。在意大利(1888年和1901年),许多教育建筑是按照具体的国家规定建造的,这些建筑构成了历史悠久的学校建筑群。这些建筑的特点是教室在朝向和大小方面都经过精心设计。在设计标准中,教育建筑的结构考虑了立面的朝向,以及窗户和其他采光的安排和大小。本文提出的研究旨在评估这些根据古代规则设计的教育建筑是否能够满足当今的视觉舒适标准。为此,对所有教室进行了照明水平、亮度分布、平均日光因子和日光自主性(DA)的评估,作为案例研究,在类型学上代表了该学校建筑群。日光分析显示,大多数教室都受到眩光和缺乏均匀照明的影响,而在其他环境中,发现了低照度水平值。然而,人们认为可以考虑对这些历史悠久的学校建筑进行照明翻新,尊重其文化价值
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引用次数: 0
An Enhanced Hybrid Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Using Voltage Oriented Controller and Class D Chopper 基于电压定向控制器和D类斩波的增强型混合并网光伏系统
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.225
M. Taleb, M. Amine Fnaiech, K. Zehar
The performance of a shunt interconnection made from a PV system, a three phase grid voltage supply, and a DC shunt motor (DC load) is investigated The PV system participates with maximum powers to the overall interconnection active power flow. It uses a class D chopper circuitry controlled properly by a typical maximum power point tracker (MPPT) controller. The grid has the role of supplying active power in case of any power deficiency needed by the DC motor load. Similarly, it has also the role of absorbing active power in case of any additional power generated by the PV system and not needed by the DC load. This is done by using an AC/DC power electronic converter. The AC/DC power electronic converter operates either under rectifier or inverter modes. The AC/DC power electronic converter is also operated under the next two conditions: 1-the reactive power expected at the grid voltage bus should be nearly null, 2-harmonics currents often encountered in the grid line currents waveforms should be tolerable. The two latter conditions are fulfilled by using the principle of voltage oriented control (VOC) technique. The performance of the investigated interconnection is simulated in Matlab/Simulink platform. Quite satisfactory results are obtained. The satisfaction about the obtained simulation results persists on being able to integrate easily the PV system with the AC grid while extracting maximum power from the PVG and having a unity power factor at the AC grid bus and less encountered harmonics in the ac line currents.
研究了由光伏系统、三相电网电压电源和直流并联电机(直流负载)组成的并联并网的性能,光伏系统以最大功率参与整个并网有功潮流。它使用D类斩波电路,由典型的最大功率点跟踪器(MPPT)控制器控制。当直流电机负载需要缺电时,电网具有提供有功功率的作用。同样,当光伏系统产生多余的电力而直流负荷不需要时,它也具有吸收有功功率的作用。这是通过使用AC/DC电力电子转换器完成的。AC/DC电力电子变换器在整流或逆变模式下工作。交/直流电力电子变换器还在以下两个条件下运行:1 .电网电压母线处的无功功率应接近零;2 .电网线路电流波形中经常遇到的谐波电流应是可以容忍的。后两个条件通过电压定向控制(VOC)技术原理得以实现。在Matlab/Simulink平台上对所研究的互连进行了性能仿真。取得了相当满意的结果。所得到的仿真结果令人满意的是,能够方便地将光伏系统与交流电网集成,同时从光伏系统中提取最大功率,在交流电网母线处具有统一的功率因数,交流线路电流中遇到的谐波较少。
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引用次数: 0
Thermal and electrical performance prediction of an FSPV system: a case study in the Douro/Portugal climatic conditions FSPV系统的热电性能预测:在杜罗/葡萄牙气候条件下的案例研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.460
P. Vargas, Salviano Pinto Soares, Sérgio Luis da Silva
The use of traditional renewable energies such as hydro, wind and solar has been the solution to the world's energy demands in order to make the final energy consumption more sustainable. In the last decades new technical solutions are beginning to emerge like the Floating Solar Photovoltaic systems, which are normally deployed in lakes, and dams. Since it is known that the percentage increase in energy efficiency depends on the location, microclimatic conditions, this work uses the knowledge obtained from data weather stations in Portugal and tries to assess the possibility of installing a system FSPV in the climatic conditions of the Douro/Portugal wine region as a function of the thermal and electrical performance
利用传统的可再生能源,如水力、风能和太阳能,是解决世界能源需求的办法,目的是使最终的能源消费更具可持续性。在过去的几十年里,新的技术解决方案开始出现,比如漂浮太阳能光伏系统,它通常部署在湖泊和水坝中。由于众所周知,能源效率的百分比增加取决于位置,微气候条件,本工作使用从葡萄牙气象站数据获得的知识,并试图评估在杜罗/葡萄牙葡萄酒产区的气候条件下安装系统FSPV的可能性,作为热电性能的函数
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引用次数: 0
Digital Signal Processor Programming using MATLAB Simulink Embedded Coder 用MATLAB Simulink编程数字信号处理器
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.373
N. Magro, J. R. Vazquez, A. Martin, R. S. Herrera
In this work, a computer tool developed in Matlab is presented for process control in real time. The Matlab/Simulink Embedded Code toolbox allows the programming of different commercial acquisition and control cards. In addition, it is easy to supervise the practical cases implemented both from the cards commercial interfaces and from Matlab/Simulink. This work shows how to use the Texas Instruments TMS320F28335 card, the installation of the required software to program the card and the development of a practical case to prove its performance. Thus, the way of generating a sinusoidal voltage waveform using a power DC/AC converter controlled by the PWM (pulse-width modulation) modules card, is presented. This method can be used for teaching and researching purposes, and it is also used for the electric power system management.
本文介绍了用Matlab开发的过程实时控制计算机工具。Matlab/Simulink嵌入式代码工具箱允许编程不同的商业采集和控制卡。此外,从卡的商业接口和Matlab/Simulink中都可以很容易地监督实际案例的实现。本文介绍了如何使用德州仪器TMS320F28335卡,安装所需的软件对卡进行编程,并开发了一个实际案例来证明其性能。因此,提出了一种利用PWM(脉宽调制)模块卡控制的电源DC/AC变换器产生正弦电压波形的方法。该方法既可用于教学和科研,也可用于电力系统管理。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Municipalities in Renewable Energy Transition: Providing Drinking Water Supply of Kocaeli Province with Renewable Energy 城市在可再生能源转型中的作用:用可再生能源为科恰埃利省提供饮用水
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.340
I. Gulsoy, M. Ozcan
The cost of electricity constitutes a significant part of municipal budgets. The decrease in renewable electricity generation costs allows municipalities to reduce their electricity costs and greenhouse gas emissions by investing renewable energy. A renewable energy transition facilitated by municipalities will positively affect and accelerate the energy transition in Turkey. In this study, the case of meeting the drinking water pumping station electricity consumption of Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality Water and Sewerage Administration (ISU) from renewable power plants owned by ISU is analyzed. The amount of avoided emissions from renewable power generation has been calculated. 37.06% of ISU's electrical energy in the drinking water supply is consumed in drinking water pumping stations. ISU has renewable power plants with a total installed capacity of 8.50 MW. The rate of meeting the electricity consumed by the electrical energy obtained from the renewable power plants owned by ISU and the electrical energy consumed in the drinking water pumping stations is increasing. While the ratio of electricity from renewable energy sources (RESE) to meet the electrical energy consumed in drinking water pumping stations was 19.27% in 2019, this ratio reached 31.74% in 2022 with investments in renewable energy power plants. As a result of RES-E, 32,225 tons of CO2 emissions have been avoided.
电费占市政预算的很大一部分。可再生能源发电成本的降低使市政当局能够通过投资可再生能源来减少电力成本和温室气体排放。由市政当局推动的可再生能源转型将积极影响和加速土耳其的能源转型。本研究以可再生能源发电厂满足科采利市水务局(ISU)饮用水泵站用电需求为案例进行分析。可再生能源发电所避免的排放量已被计算出来。ISU饮用水供电电能的37.06%用于饮用水泵站。ISU拥有总装机容量为8.50兆瓦的可再生能源发电厂。从ISU拥有的可再生能源发电厂获得的电能和饮用水泵站消耗的电能的满足率正在增加。2019年,可再生能源电力(RESE)满足饮用水泵站消耗的电能的比例为19.27%,而随着可再生能源发电厂的投资,这一比例在2022年达到31.74%。由于RES-E,已经避免了32225吨二氧化碳的排放。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a predictive control system for the smart regulation of renewable climatization systems 可再生气候系统智能调节预测控制系统设计
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.259
R. Félez, J. Castro, J. Félez
The objective of this Project is to design a predictive controller for Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning in residential buildings is designed. A realistic residential home has been designed, establishing the dynamics of the temperature according to a theoretical model that has been elaborated, being the basis for the actuation of the temperature-regulation controller. Several simulations have been carried out, defining the objective function and the constraints associated, together with the controller parameters that allow an optimal performance, taking into account different criteria such as thermal comfort and reduction of power consumption for different scenarios. In addition, electricity selfgeneration has been also contemplated, integrating it into the controller actuation for leveraging the increase in economic savings.
本课题的目的是设计一种住宅采暖通风空调预测控制器。设计了一个现实的住宅,根据已经阐述的理论模型建立了温度的动态,作为温度调节控制器的驱动基础。已经进行了几次仿真,定义了目标函数和相关约束,以及允许最佳性能的控制器参数,同时考虑了不同的标准,如不同场景的热舒适和功耗降低。此外,还考虑了电力自发发电,将其集成到控制器驱动中,以利用经济节约的增加。
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引用次数: 0
Reconversion of the shipbuilding sector: from production by project to mass production. What is its effect on the LCOE of a wave energy farm? 造船业的转型:从项目生产到批量生产。它对波浪能农场的LCOE有什么影响?
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.214
L. Castro-Santos, P. Rubial-Yáñez, I. Lamas-Galdo, D. Cordal Iglesias, A. Alcayde, F. G. Montoya, A. Filgueira-Vizoso
The objective of this work has been to analyze the variation of different economic parameters (Levelized Cost Of Energy and Internal Rate of Return) for two possible ways of manufacturing: production by project to mass production. For this, 6 possible scenarios have been considered, taking into account the number of equipment manufactured and the economic parameters have been calculated in order to know which alternative provides greater economic viability, thus making the project more profitable.
这项工作的目的是分析两种可能的制造方式的不同经济参数(能源平准化成本和内部收益率)的变化:按项目生产到大规模生产。为此,考虑了6种可能的方案,考虑了制造设备的数量和经济参数,以了解哪种方案具有更大的经济可行性,从而使项目更有利可图。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the Relationship Between Temperature and Efficiency in Photovoltaic Systems 光伏系统温度与效率关系的研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.395
A. Salazar, Diego A. de M. Fonseca, Caio M. L. Ribeiro, Vinicius M. Xavier, Gabriela M. S. Lopes, Kalynne G. da S. Maciel
Photovoltaic solar energy has been growing due to the demand for diversification of the global energy grid and the concern about replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy. There is a great potential for this form of energy generation due to high levels of solar irradiation. However, the efficiency of commercial panels is still low and is negatively affected by temperature rises on the panel. To mitigate this effect, several cooling techniques have been previously proposed. This work focuses on studying the relation between the temperature of solar panels and the energy produced by them. It also uses thermoelectric cells acting as coolers for the system bringing down the panel temperature to increase its efficiency. The main goal is to build a plant consisting of a solar panel attached to one or more thermoelectric cells and connected to a data acquisition system. This setup will be used to evaluate the improvement in performance obtained through this strategy. The experiments will be carried out at the Petroleum Measurement Evaluation Laboratory - LAMP, and the results will be compared with mathematical and simulation models present in the literature.
由于对全球能源网多样化的需求以及对用可再生能源取代化石燃料的关注,光伏太阳能一直在增长。由于太阳辐射水平高,这种形式的能源产生有很大的潜力。然而,商用面板的效率仍然很低,并且受到面板上温度升高的负面影响。为了减轻这种影响,以前提出了几种冷却技术。本文着重研究了太阳能板的温度与太阳能板产生的能量之间的关系。它还使用热电电池作为系统的冷却器,降低面板温度以提高效率。主要目标是建造一个由太阳能电池板连接到一个或多个热电电池并连接到数据采集系统组成的工厂。该设置将用于评估通过该策略获得的性能改进。实验将在石油测量评价实验室- LAMP进行,并将结果与文献中的数学和模拟模型进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
Energy capacity of the geothermal resource and its integration in the electrical energy demand of the island of Tenerife (Spain) 地热资源的能源容量及其在特内里费岛(西班牙)电力需求中的整合
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.200
F. Montesdeoca-Martínez, S. Velázquez-Medina
One of the main strategies to maximize renewable energy penetration in electrical systems is to optimize their dispatchable capacity. One of the benefits of geothermal energy, as a renewable energy source, is its high dispatchability. The isolated electrical energy system of Tenerife (one of the 8 islands of the Canary Archipelago) is highly dependent on fossil fuels. The advanced state of maturity of the geothermal exploration of Tenerife positions the island with a high degree of probability as one of the few regions in Spain with high-enthalpy geothermal resources. This paper reports on a study undertaken of the island’s geothermal potential which involved calculation of the heat stored in geothermal reservoirs and the identification of zones of interest for exploitation of this resource and its energy capacity. Among the results obtained, 3 areas of interest were identified for the exploitation of geothermal energy with a total installable electrical power of 117.8 MW, which would increase the renewable contribution to the island’s daily demand by over 20% as well as contribute to maximizing the flexibility and stability of the electrical energy supply in a scenario of high renewable energy penetration.
优化电力系统的可调度容量是实现可再生能源在电力系统中渗透率最大化的主要策略之一。地热能作为一种可再生能源,其优点之一是具有较高的可调度性。特内里费岛(加那利群岛8个岛屿之一)孤立的电力系统高度依赖化石燃料。特内里费岛地热勘探的先进成熟状态使该岛成为西班牙少数几个拥有高焓地热资源的地区之一。本文报告了对该岛地热潜力进行的一项研究,其中包括计算地热储层中储存的热量和确定开发这一资源及其能源容量的兴趣区。在获得的结果中,确定了3个感兴趣的地热能开发领域,总可安装电力功率为117.8兆瓦,这将使可再生能源对岛上日常需求的贡献增加20%以上,并有助于在可再生能源高渗透的情况下最大限度地提高电力供应的灵活性和稳定性。
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引用次数: 1
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Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal
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