Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305629
D. Nguyen, Bradley Lehman
This paper proposes a modeling and computing algorithm to simulate and analyze the effect of non-uniform changing shadows (a passing cloud) on the output power of solar PV arrays. Each solar array is composed of a matrix of individual solar cells or solar modules interconnected in series and parallel. Bypass switches and diodes are also modeled. The model is able to determine the power loss in each solar cell and the hot spots of a shaded solar PV array as well as the PV output power. The model is also able to simulate and compute the output power of solar PV arrays for any configuration, with or without bypass diode
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of Solar PV Arrays under Changing Illumination Conditions","authors":"D. Nguyen, Bradley Lehman","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305629","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a modeling and computing algorithm to simulate and analyze the effect of non-uniform changing shadows (a passing cloud) on the output power of solar PV arrays. Each solar array is composed of a matrix of individual solar cells or solar modules interconnected in series and parallel. Bypass switches and diodes are also modeled. The model is able to determine the power loss in each solar cell and the hot spots of a shaded solar PV array as well as the PV output power. The model is also able to simulate and compute the output power of solar PV arrays for any configuration, with or without bypass diode","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127149505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305650
G.E. Pitel, P. Krein
Trajectory-based controls respond spontaneously to control and system disturbances. Such performance is useful in dynamic applications such as motor drives or converters to meet tracking requirements. This paper evaluates possible trajectory paths a buck or boost converter can take, and the use of geometric surfaces to guide these paths. Numerical procedures are developed to find a converter's system-limited response time and to give insight into the nature of switch solution sets. The paper reviews known sliding surfaces in the context of control objectives. Two different objective-specific surfaces are presented: one controls peak startup current and another recovers from any disturbance with one commutation
{"title":"Trajectory Paths for Dc - Dc Converters and Limits to Performance","authors":"G.E. Pitel, P. Krein","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305650","url":null,"abstract":"Trajectory-based controls respond spontaneously to control and system disturbances. Such performance is useful in dynamic applications such as motor drives or converters to meet tracking requirements. This paper evaluates possible trajectory paths a buck or boost converter can take, and the use of geometric surfaces to guide these paths. Numerical procedures are developed to find a converter's system-limited response time and to give insight into the nature of switch solution sets. The paper reviews known sliding surfaces in the context of control objectives. Two different objective-specific surfaces are presented: one controls peak startup current and another recovers from any disturbance with one commutation","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129427841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305627
K. Louganski, J. Lai
Single-phase PFC boost converters use an input filter capacitor to limit propagation of the switching noise into the AC line. Reactive current drawn by the capacitor from the line is negligible at 60 Hz but increases in magnitude significantly in applications with higher line frequencies (360-800 Hz in future aircraft power systems) such that the total power factor of the converter is no longer unity. The paper proposes a method for canceling the capacitor current using an adapted leading-phase admittance cancellation technique. Bidirectional converters allow complete, load-independent, line-frequency-independent cancellation of the input capacitor current. Unidirectional converters allow load-independent, line-frequency-independent, unity-power-factor operation with substantial reduction but not complete elimination of the switching ripple in the line current
{"title":"Active Compensation of the Input Filter Capacitor Current in Single-Phase PFC Boost Converters","authors":"K. Louganski, J. Lai","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305627","url":null,"abstract":"Single-phase PFC boost converters use an input filter capacitor to limit propagation of the switching noise into the AC line. Reactive current drawn by the capacitor from the line is negligible at 60 Hz but increases in magnitude significantly in applications with higher line frequencies (360-800 Hz in future aircraft power systems) such that the total power factor of the converter is no longer unity. The paper proposes a method for canceling the capacitor current using an adapted leading-phase admittance cancellation technique. Bidirectional converters allow complete, load-independent, line-frequency-independent cancellation of the input capacitor current. Unidirectional converters allow load-independent, line-frequency-independent, unity-power-factor operation with substantial reduction but not complete elimination of the switching ripple in the line current","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114105765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305670
T. O'Connell, P. Krein
An alternative method to finite element analysis (FEA) for electric machine design and analysis is presented that applies Schwarz-Christoffel (SC) conformal mapping theory using the SC toolbox for MATLABreg that has appeared in the previous literature. In this method, a two-dimensional (2D) developed machine cross-section domain is mapped via SC transformation to a concentric cylinder domain where solutions for the electromagnetic (EM) fields are known. These solutions are mapped back to the original domain, thus solving the original problem. All mapping is done via the SC toolbox. Examples are given in which the procedure is used to calculate the EM field in the air gap of and the force on the rotor of various 2D developed machine cross-sections. The numerical accuracy of the results is verified by comparing the solutions as the air gap gets small with magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC)-derived coenergy solutions
{"title":"A Preliminary Investigation of Computer-Aided Schwarz-Christoffel Transformation for Electric Machine Design and Analysis","authors":"T. O'Connell, P. Krein","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305670","url":null,"abstract":"An alternative method to finite element analysis (FEA) for electric machine design and analysis is presented that applies Schwarz-Christoffel (SC) conformal mapping theory using the SC toolbox for MATLABreg that has appeared in the previous literature. In this method, a two-dimensional (2D) developed machine cross-section domain is mapped via SC transformation to a concentric cylinder domain where solutions for the electromagnetic (EM) fields are known. These solutions are mapped back to the original domain, thus solving the original problem. All mapping is done via the SC toolbox. Examples are given in which the procedure is used to calculate the EM field in the air gap of and the force on the rotor of various 2D developed machine cross-sections. The numerical accuracy of the results is verified by comparing the solutions as the air gap gets small with magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC)-derived coenergy solutions","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114077565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305680
D. Maksimović, R. Zane
The paper presents an exact small-signal discrete-time model for digitally controlled DC-DC converters. The model, which is based on well-known approaches to discrete-time modeling and the standard Z-transform, takes into account modulator effects and delays in the control loop. The model is well suited for direct digital design of digital compensators
{"title":"Small-signal Discrete-time Modeling of Digitally Controlled DC-DC Converters","authors":"D. Maksimović, R. Zane","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305680","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an exact small-signal discrete-time model for digitally controlled DC-DC converters. The model, which is based on well-known approaches to discrete-time modeling and the standard Z-transform, takes into account modulator effects and delays in the control loop. The model is well suited for direct digital design of digital compensators","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131208374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305634
D.E. Fulton
This paper presents a new, high performance, inexpensive, current sense circuit that outputs signal currents that continuously track motor currents in a three phase servo motor. Each tracked motor current uses two current sense resistors, one connected to +bus and the other to ground, which are embedded in opposed op amp-mosFET current sources that provide level shifting and summation. The offset and gain of the circuit are very stable. This circuit has no isolation as it is designed to be used with a DC powered motor controller that shares a common ground with the controlling electronics
{"title":"Current Sense Circuit for a DC Powered Three Phase Servo Motor Controller","authors":"D.E. Fulton","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305634","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new, high performance, inexpensive, current sense circuit that outputs signal currents that continuously track motor currents in a three phase servo motor. Each tracked motor current uses two current sense resistors, one connected to +bus and the other to ground, which are embedded in opposed op amp-mosFET current sources that provide level shifting and summation. The offset and gain of the circuit are very stable. This circuit has no isolation as it is designed to be used with a DC powered motor controller that shares a common ground with the controlling electronics","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133275202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305664
L. Jakobsen, M. Andersen
Mixed signal controllers based on a cheap microcontroller and a few analogue components can deliver high performance digital control of DC/DC converters through an optimized software design. The mixed signal controllers have the same versatility as DSP controllers and can be adapted to any DC/DC converter topology and application. A comparison, both theoretically and experimentally, of two different mixed signal controller designs based on the same 8-bit microcontroller is presented for a low voltage Buck converter. A 16-bit digital PID controller using lookup tables with a sampling frequency as high as 200 kHz implemented on the 16 MIPS, 8-bit ATTiny26 microcontroller is demonstrated and an exhaustive description of the software is given
{"title":"Comparison of Two Different High Performance Mixed Signal Controllers for DC/DC Converters","authors":"L. Jakobsen, M. Andersen","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305664","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed signal controllers based on a cheap microcontroller and a few analogue components can deliver high performance digital control of DC/DC converters through an optimized software design. The mixed signal controllers have the same versatility as DSP controllers and can be adapted to any DC/DC converter topology and application. A comparison, both theoretically and experimentally, of two different mixed signal controller designs based on the same 8-bit microcontroller is presented for a low voltage Buck converter. A 16-bit digital PID controller using lookup tables with a sampling frequency as high as 200 kHz implemented on the 16 MIPS, 8-bit ATTiny26 microcontroller is demonstrated and an exhaustive description of the software is given","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127971051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305636
A. Dolgov, B. Miao, R. Zane, D. Maksimović
Digital control is a powerful modern design technique and important research topic in power electronics, and it is useful to have a simple but flexible platform for experimentation and education purposes. It is shown that a very powerful and easy to use system that can be utilized to control a very diverse range of devices can be easily implemented by using a graphical user interface (GUI) running on a PC to control an FPGA. The FPGA only needs to run a small, modular communication component to interface with the PC and decode commands to perform direct digital hardware control. Since the user has real-time control of the FPGA via the GUI, it is possible to evaluate design and parameter changes in real-time, without reprogramming the FPGA. This makes the proposed platform an ideal tool for educators and researchers alike
{"title":"GUI-Based Laboratory Architecture for Teaching and Research in Digital Control of SMPS","authors":"A. Dolgov, B. Miao, R. Zane, D. Maksimović","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305636","url":null,"abstract":"Digital control is a powerful modern design technique and important research topic in power electronics, and it is useful to have a simple but flexible platform for experimentation and education purposes. It is shown that a very powerful and easy to use system that can be utilized to control a very diverse range of devices can be easily implemented by using a graphical user interface (GUI) running on a PC to control an FPGA. The FPGA only needs to run a small, modular communication component to interface with the PC and decode commands to perform direct digital hardware control. Since the user has real-time control of the FPGA via the GUI, it is possible to evaluate design and parameter changes in real-time, without reprogramming the FPGA. This makes the proposed platform an ideal tool for educators and researchers alike","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124334983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305643
A. Davoudi, J. Jatskevich, P. Chapman, A. Khaligh
Average-value modeling of PWM converters has received significant attention in the literature, wherein the computer-aided methodologies appear to be particularly promising. A numerical procedure has recently been proposed that avoids excessive analytical derivations and results in fairly accurate dynamic average-value models that include effects of parasitics. This methodology is extended here to account for input source dynamics. In particular, the so-called duty-ratio constraint and correction matrix are expressed as nonlinear functions of the duty cycle and the new quantity defined through the averaged dynamic impedance of the switching cell. The resulting model is shown to be accurate in predicting large-signal time-domain transients and small-signal frequency-domain characteristics
{"title":"Considering Source Dynamics in Computer-Aided Parameteric Average-Value Modeling of PWM Converters","authors":"A. Davoudi, J. Jatskevich, P. Chapman, A. Khaligh","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305643","url":null,"abstract":"Average-value modeling of PWM converters has received significant attention in the literature, wherein the computer-aided methodologies appear to be particularly promising. A numerical procedure has recently been proposed that avoids excessive analytical derivations and results in fairly accurate dynamic average-value models that include effects of parasitics. This methodology is extended here to account for input source dynamics. In particular, the so-called duty-ratio constraint and correction matrix are expressed as nonlinear functions of the duty cycle and the new quantity defined through the averaged dynamic impedance of the switching cell. The resulting model is shown to be accurate in predicting large-signal time-domain transients and small-signal frequency-domain characteristics","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128981434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305659
F. Carobolante
Digital control of power management systems has experienced a slow rate of acceptance in the market. How and why will it gain it?
电源管理系统的数字控制在市场上的接受速度很慢。它将如何以及为什么获得它?
{"title":"Digital Power: from Marketing Buzzword To Market Relevance","authors":"F. Carobolante","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305659","url":null,"abstract":"Digital control of power management systems has experienced a slow rate of acceptance in the market. How and why will it gain it?","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116052703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：