Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305658
Carlos Gonzalez, Arindam Das, M. Mesbahi
We examine the stability of distributed simulations of electric circuits via their representation as distributed discrete-time dynamical systems. Our framework leads to necessary and sufficient stability conditions for distributed circuit solvers, even when the inter-processor communication pattern changes dynamically. The proposed framework is not only suitable for analyzing the co-simulation of large-scale power systems but also for analyzing a variety of dynamical systems that operate over a network. Stability analysis for a distributed simulation model of coupled nonlinear oscillation-known as the Kuramoto model-is also examined
{"title":"On the Stability of Distributed Circuit Simulations","authors":"Carlos Gonzalez, Arindam Das, M. Mesbahi","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305658","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the stability of distributed simulations of electric circuits via their representation as distributed discrete-time dynamical systems. Our framework leads to necessary and sufficient stability conditions for distributed circuit solvers, even when the inter-processor communication pattern changes dynamically. The proposed framework is not only suitable for analyzing the co-simulation of large-scale power systems but also for analyzing a variety of dynamical systems that operate over a network. Stability analysis for a distributed simulation model of coupled nonlinear oscillation-known as the Kuramoto model-is also examined","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125574725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305649
S. Jayawant, J. Sun
Double-integral Fourier analysis is utilized in this paper to study steady-state and dynamic characteristics of interleaved buck converters. The method presented is general and does not assume commensurability of the perturbation and the switching frequency. The resulting PWM model captures the complete spectrum of the PWM output and predicts the time-varying effect at all frequencies where it may occur. The PWM model is further used to explain the effect of interleaving on harmonic cancellation in steady-state operation, and to prove that there is an optimum interleaving angle that results in minimum residual harmonics. Cancellation of sideband components among interleaved converters under dynamic conditions, and the possibility to extend control bandwidth beyond the conventional limit of half the switching frequency are also discussed
{"title":"Double-Integral Fourier Analysis of Interleaved Pulse Width Modulation","authors":"S. Jayawant, J. Sun","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305649","url":null,"abstract":"Double-integral Fourier analysis is utilized in this paper to study steady-state and dynamic characteristics of interleaved buck converters. The method presented is general and does not assume commensurability of the perturbation and the switching frequency. The resulting PWM model captures the complete spectrum of the PWM output and predicts the time-varying effect at all frequencies where it may occur. The PWM model is further used to explain the effect of interleaving on harmonic cancellation in steady-state operation, and to prove that there is an optimum interleaving angle that results in minimum residual harmonics. Cancellation of sideband components among interleaved converters under dynamic conditions, and the possibility to extend control bandwidth beyond the conventional limit of half the switching frequency are also discussed","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125908041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305646
F. Boico, B. Lehman
This paper studies the design of a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for low power portable solar array applications. The discussion will compare different digital and mixed signal implementation approaches of the same perturb and observe algorithm, in particular: simple P&O algorithm on the duty cycle, P&O algorithm using an analog inner voltage control loop and finally using a digital voltage control loop programmed into the micro controller. This research shows that the method of implementation (analog, digital) has an influence on the robustness of the MPPT particularly in suddenly changing illumination conditions
{"title":"Study of Different Implementation Approaches for a Maximum Power Point Tracker","authors":"F. Boico, B. Lehman","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305646","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the design of a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for low power portable solar array applications. The discussion will compare different digital and mixed signal implementation approaches of the same perturb and observe algorithm, in particular: simple P&O algorithm on the duty cycle, P&O algorithm using an analog inner voltage control loop and finally using a digital voltage control loop programmed into the micro controller. This research shows that the method of implementation (analog, digital) has an influence on the robustness of the MPPT particularly in suddenly changing illumination conditions","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126261474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305626
C. Casablanca, J. Sun
This paper presents a systematic study of harmonic cancellation effects in three-phase voltage-sourced converters (VSCs), both among parallel, interleaved VSC modules and within individual phase of each VSC module. For inter-module harmonic cancellation, we will prove that the effects of interleaving on output current ripple are similar to those in interleaved buck DC-DC converters, and that inter-phase coupling and continuous variation of the duty ratio don't affect the basic harmonic cancellation mechanism. For intra-module harmonic cancellation, we will show that, over each carrier cycle, there is no fundamental difference in the PWM output between trailing-edge modulation and double-edge modulation; the later modulation method eliminates certain sideband harmonic components as reported in the literature because of the periodicity and unique structure of its PWM output spectrum over different carrier cycles. The mathematical tool we used to analyze the harmonic cancellation effects is different from conventional double-integral Fourier analysis method, and is based on first calculating the spectrum of the PWM pulse pattern over each carrier cycle, and then piecing together different cycles using frequency-domain convolution to determine the overall spectrum over a fundamental cycle. This approach provides the necessary insights into the structure of the harmonics and leads to the findings described above
{"title":"Interleaving and Harmonic Cancellation Effects in Modular Three-Phase Voltage-Sourced Converters","authors":"C. Casablanca, J. Sun","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305626","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic study of harmonic cancellation effects in three-phase voltage-sourced converters (VSCs), both among parallel, interleaved VSC modules and within individual phase of each VSC module. For inter-module harmonic cancellation, we will prove that the effects of interleaving on output current ripple are similar to those in interleaved buck DC-DC converters, and that inter-phase coupling and continuous variation of the duty ratio don't affect the basic harmonic cancellation mechanism. For intra-module harmonic cancellation, we will show that, over each carrier cycle, there is no fundamental difference in the PWM output between trailing-edge modulation and double-edge modulation; the later modulation method eliminates certain sideband harmonic components as reported in the literature because of the periodicity and unique structure of its PWM output spectrum over different carrier cycles. The mathematical tool we used to analyze the harmonic cancellation effects is different from conventional double-integral Fourier analysis method, and is based on first calculating the spectrum of the PWM pulse pattern over each carrier cycle, and then piecing together different cycles using frequency-domain convolution to determine the overall spectrum over a fundamental cycle. This approach provides the necessary insights into the structure of the harmonics and leads to the findings described above","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129545486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305635
F. Khan, L. Tolbert, F. Peng
This paper will introduce the two basic switching cells, P-cell and N-cell, and their applications in different power electronic circuits. These basic cells have one switching element and one diode. The P-cell is the mirror circuit of the N-cell and vice-versa, and this paper suggests that any power electronic circuit can be analyzed and re-constructed using these basic switching cells. The present paper will describe the construction and operation of the basic switching cells, and it will also show a sequential method to construct several DC-DC converters from these basic switching cells. Moreover, considering the potential of combining these cells in multiple fashions, new kinds of power electronic circuits can be designed
{"title":"Deriving New Topologies of DC-DC Converters Featuring Basic Switching Cells","authors":"F. Khan, L. Tolbert, F. Peng","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305635","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will introduce the two basic switching cells, P-cell and N-cell, and their applications in different power electronic circuits. These basic cells have one switching element and one diode. The P-cell is the mirror circuit of the N-cell and vice-versa, and this paper suggests that any power electronic circuit can be analyzed and re-constructed using these basic switching cells. The present paper will describe the construction and operation of the basic switching cells, and it will also show a sequential method to construct several DC-DC converters from these basic switching cells. Moreover, considering the potential of combining these cells in multiple fashions, new kinds of power electronic circuits can be designed","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131009723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305669
T. Carosa, R. Zane, D. Maksimović
In this paper we present a custom IC design and experimental results for a hardware efficient 16 phase digital modulator implemented in a 0.35 mum process. The hardware efficient realization is achieved by time sharing the high resolution portion of the modulator hardware and a simple solution to track phase rotation. The modulator is designed for a duty cycle update rate at 16 times the single phase switching frequency to enable wide bandwidth multiphase converter operation. Two versions of the time shared high resolution portion of the IC are realized, including counter based and self tuning delay line based designs. Design details and experimental results are given to evaluate the two options and demonstrate performance of the IC
{"title":"Implementation of a 16 Phase Digital Modulator in a 0.35 /spl mu/m Process","authors":"T. Carosa, R. Zane, D. Maksimović","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305669","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a custom IC design and experimental results for a hardware efficient 16 phase digital modulator implemented in a 0.35 mum process. The hardware efficient realization is achieved by time sharing the high resolution portion of the modulator hardware and a simple solution to track phase rotation. The modulator is designed for a duty cycle update rate at 16 times the single phase switching frequency to enable wide bandwidth multiphase converter operation. Two versions of the time shared high resolution portion of the IC are realized, including counter based and self tuning delay line based designs. Design details and experimental results are given to evaluate the two options and demonstrate performance of the IC","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114676432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305657
S. Rosado, R. Burgos, F. Wang, D. Boroyevich
This paper analyses different average models of multi-pulse diode rectifiers. In the analysis a full-order and a simplified average model are compared to a detailed switching model. The main goal is to establish the validity of the simplified model. First the different models are discussed. Then the small and large signal evaluations of the models are presented. The input impedance frequency response of the models is used as basis for the small-signal evaluation. This parameter is important in the small-signal stability of the system. The large-signal evaluation is done by means of time domain simulations carried on with the different models. The results obtained indicate that the simplified average model can provide a good tool for the analysis of circuits using multi-pulse rectifiers
{"title":"Large- and Small-Signal Evaluation of Average Models for Multi-Pulse Diode Rectifiers","authors":"S. Rosado, R. Burgos, F. Wang, D. Boroyevich","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305657","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses different average models of multi-pulse diode rectifiers. In the analysis a full-order and a simplified average model are compared to a detailed switching model. The main goal is to establish the validity of the simplified model. First the different models are discussed. Then the small and large signal evaluations of the models are presented. The input impedance frequency response of the models is used as basis for the small-signal evaluation. This parameter is important in the small-signal stability of the system. The large-signal evaluation is done by means of time domain simulations carried on with the different models. The results obtained indicate that the simplified average model can provide a good tool for the analysis of circuits using multi-pulse rectifiers","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114759053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305639
Xin Xhen, Chunying Gong, Huizhen Wang, C. Wu, W. Hutchings
A switched mode power supply (SMPS) with full digital control has many advantages over analog or mixed-signal implementation. This paper presents a digital controlled SMPS consisting of an AC-DC power factor correction converter and a phase-shifted full-bridge DC-DC converter. Digital algorithm of PFC control, system design of digital PFC and PSFB (phase shifted full bridge) part, PWM strategy for phase-shifted control are discussed. A 500 W prototype has been built and tested under different conditions
{"title":"The Full Digital Control based Switched Mode Power Supply","authors":"Xin Xhen, Chunying Gong, Huizhen Wang, C. Wu, W. Hutchings","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305639","url":null,"abstract":"A switched mode power supply (SMPS) with full digital control has many advantages over analog or mixed-signal implementation. This paper presents a digital controlled SMPS consisting of an AC-DC power factor correction converter and a phase-shifted full-bridge DC-DC converter. Digital algorithm of PFC control, system design of digital PFC and PSFB (phase shifted full bridge) part, PWM strategy for phase-shifted control are discussed. A 500 W prototype has been built and tested under different conditions","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123648775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305642
S. Dwari, S. Jayawant, T. Beechner, S. Miller, A. Mathew, M. Chen, J. Riehl, J. Sun
Dynamic characterization of the coupled-inductor boost DC-DC converter is presented. Operating of the converter in both continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous continuous conduction mode (DCM) are studied. A state variable equivalent to the inductor core magnetic flux is defined to avoid the problem with using the discontinuous inductor current as a state variable. Dynamic model of the converter under peak-current control is also developed. Control to output transfer functions are calculated for all the dynamic models and are validated by experimental measurements. A comparison to the conventional boost converter is provided
{"title":"Dynamics Characterization of Coupled-Inductor Boost DC-DC Converters","authors":"S. Dwari, S. Jayawant, T. Beechner, S. Miller, A. Mathew, M. Chen, J. Riehl, J. Sun","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305642","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic characterization of the coupled-inductor boost DC-DC converter is presented. Operating of the converter in both continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous continuous conduction mode (DCM) are studied. A state variable equivalent to the inductor core magnetic flux is defined to avoid the problem with using the discontinuous inductor current as a state variable. Dynamic model of the converter under peak-current control is also developed. Control to output transfer functions are calculated for all the dynamic models and are validated by experimental measurements. A comparison to the conventional boost converter is provided","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126206335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-07-16DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305638
V. Boscaino, G. Capponi, G. Di Blasi, P. Livreri, F. Marino
Electronic designers need to model and simulate system features as close as possible to its effective behaviour. Moreover, today, electronics systems are often composed of mixed analog and digital components. The increasing complexity has led to the use of different simulation softwares, each one specific for a particular level of abstraction: mathematical, circuital, behavioural, etc. In order to simulate the entire system these softwares should work together: co-simulation is necessary for digitally controlled power electronics systems. In this paper, the modeling of a digitally controlled switching power supply system using MATLAB/Simulink, ALDEC Active-HDL and Powersys PSIM is presented. The power converter is modelled in PSIM, the digital control is described in VHDL by using Active-HDL, and the complete system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. This design approach presents all the advantages of each used software and all its features will be discussed. The comparison between simulation and experimental results of the digitally controlled step-down converter prototype are reported
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of a digital control design approach for power supply systems","authors":"V. Boscaino, G. Capponi, G. Di Blasi, P. Livreri, F. Marino","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL.2006.305638","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic designers need to model and simulate system features as close as possible to its effective behaviour. Moreover, today, electronics systems are often composed of mixed analog and digital components. The increasing complexity has led to the use of different simulation softwares, each one specific for a particular level of abstraction: mathematical, circuital, behavioural, etc. In order to simulate the entire system these softwares should work together: co-simulation is necessary for digitally controlled power electronics systems. In this paper, the modeling of a digitally controlled switching power supply system using MATLAB/Simulink, ALDEC Active-HDL and Powersys PSIM is presented. The power converter is modelled in PSIM, the digital control is described in VHDL by using Active-HDL, and the complete system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. This design approach presents all the advantages of each used software and all its features will be discussed. The comparison between simulation and experimental results of the digitally controlled step-down converter prototype are reported","PeriodicalId":210889,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117235187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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