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Assessing the Complexity of DC-System Simulations 评估直流系统仿真的复杂性
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905428
Jana Ihrens, Tim Schneider, T. A. Kern
Simulations are an important tool in the development of new direct current (DC) grids, as there are hardly any corresponding grids that can be used for testing. For the successful introduction of DC-grid technology, it is necessary to make a decision between risk-taking and system oversizing. Hence, simulations in this new domain have to validly represent reality, while keeping the demands on development time and computation time as low as possible. However, the necessary level of detail is often unclear and so far there is no methodology for balancing complexity and accuracy. Therefore, the initial analysis of complexity is presented, and an outlook demonstrates how to use the evaluation and objectification of the complexity of a simulation in future systematic optimizations of simulations.
仿真是开发新型直流(DC)栅格的重要工具,因为几乎没有相应的栅格可以用于测试。为了成功引进直流电网技术,必须在风险承担与系统超大规模之间做出抉择。因此,在这个新领域的模拟必须有效地表示现实,同时保持对开发时间和计算时间的要求尽可能低。然而,必要的详细程度往往是不清楚的,到目前为止,还没有平衡复杂性和准确性的方法。因此,本文提出了复杂性的初步分析,并展望了如何在未来的仿真系统优化中使用仿真复杂性的评估和客观化。
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引用次数: 1
Bayesian Training in Photonic Neural Meshes 光子神经网格中的贝叶斯训练
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905470
C. Mesaritakis, G. Sarantoglou, S. Theodoridis, A. Bogris
Neural networks based on reconfigurable photonic integrated chips (RPICs) can offer zero-latency processing, marginal power consumption and operational flexibility. On the other hand, they are subject to, performance affecting, operational/fabrication deviations in their building blocks. Here, we present a Bayesian learning framework that when combined with device characterization, can dramatically decrease power consumption beyond 74% and significantly simplify the driving circuitry.
基于可重构光子集成芯片(rpic)的神经网络具有零延迟处理、边际功耗和操作灵活性等优点。另一方面,它们在构建块中受到性能影响的操作/制造偏差的影响。在这里,我们提出了一个贝叶斯学习框架,当与器件特性相结合时,可以显着降低功耗超过74%,并显着简化驱动电路。
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引用次数: 0
Crosshair Optimizer 十字优化器
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905464
D. Davendra, Jason W. Torrence
A novel local search based optimization algorithm named Crosshair Optimizer (CHO) is introduced in this paper. In most algorithms, much of the computational resources are used to explore around a solution space, but in reality, much of the time there are only parts of an optimal solution that can be improved. Using this information, if an algorithm explores the space around an optimal solution using a random number of its dimensions to dictate their placements, rather than all of them, the solution space is explored in a less random fashion. CHO employs a rapid neighbourhood generation on each iteration and selects a sub-sequences of best performing solutions. These selected solutions then randomly generate neighboring solutions only in certain search space dimensions. Exploration is done by randomly generating solutions in only two dimensional axis to the neighbourhood cluster. This speeds up the search process with fine grain sampling, and is quickly able to migrate the search space to another location without using drift migration. Experimentation was conducted on the standard unimodal and multimodal problems, with CHO performing extremely well against standard evolutionary algorithms.
提出了一种新的基于局部搜索的优化算法——十字瞄准优化器。在大多数算法中,大部分计算资源用于围绕解决方案空间进行探索,但实际上,很多时候只有最优解决方案的一部分可以改进。使用这些信息,如果一个算法使用随机的维度数来决定最优解决方案的位置,而不是所有的维度,那么这个解决方案空间就会以一种不那么随机的方式进行探索。CHO在每次迭代中使用快速邻域生成,并选择性能最佳的解决方案的子序列。然后,这些选择的解只在特定的搜索空间维度中随机生成邻近的解。探索是通过在邻簇的二维轴上随机生成解决方案来完成的。这加快了细粒度采样的搜索过程,并且能够快速地将搜索空间迁移到另一个位置,而无需使用漂移迁移。在标准单峰和多峰问题上进行了实验,CHO对标准进化算法的表现非常好。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal initial perturbations in a boundary layer with wall actuation 边界层壁面驱动下的最优初始扰动
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905465
Leonardo Bettini, F. Auteri, F. Dercole
Waves of span-wise velocity at the surface of the flow body, the wall, are known to be very effective in reducing the friction drag in turbulent channels and boundary layers. They can also delay the laminar-turbulent transition. To investigate this interesting property, in this work, we add velocity perturbations within a 3D Blasius boundary layer with wall actuation by means of a standing sinusoidal wave in the stream-wise direction. We look for the initial velocity perturbation pattern able to trigger the maximum energy gain in a given target time. The Navier-Stokes equations act as a constraint in the optimization problem. The results are strongly affected by the actuating parameters, namely the amplitude and wave-length of the sinusoidal profile, in terms of the energy gain and also of the space travelled by initial velocity perturbations during the target time. Opposite behaviours arise, such as an energy gain/loss whenever the actuating wave-length is greater/smaller of the space travelled by the perturbation.
在流体的表面,即壁面上的跨向速度波,在减少湍流通道和边界层中的摩擦阻力方面是非常有效的。它们还可以延缓层流-湍流的转变。为了研究这一有趣的性质,在这项工作中,我们在具有壁面驱动的三维Blasius边界层中添加了速度扰动,通过在流向方向上的驻正弦波。我们寻找能够在给定的目标时间内触发最大能量增益的初速度扰动模式。Navier-Stokes方程在优化问题中起约束作用。结果受到驱动参数的强烈影响,即正弦剖面的振幅和波长,就能量增益而言,以及在目标时间内由初始速度扰动所传播的空间。相反的行为出现了,例如当驱动波长大于/小于扰动所传播的空间时,能量的增益/损失。
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引用次数: 0
Raman microspectroscopy and multivariate analysis in radiobiology: Study of the effects of X-ray irradiation on neuroblastoma cells 放射生物学中的拉曼显微光谱和多变量分析:x射线照射对神经母细胞瘤细胞影响的研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905454
V. Ricciardi, L. Manti, M. Lepore, G. Perna, M. Lasalvia, V. Capozzi, I. Delfino
Raman micro-spectroscopy is becoming very popular in the field of radiobiology and radiation oncology for its ability to assess the cellular damage at the molecular level. It can be used to monitor the minimum doses required to lethally damage tumor cells, as well as to reduce the risk of excess dose being delivered to healthy surrounding cells. These results can be achieved also thanks to the development of specific data analysis methods enabling the extraction of information embedded in the Raman spectra of complex samples, such as human cells. Among different data analysis procedures, multivariate analysis has been proven to be particularly effective. The principal component analysis (PCA) method has been largely used for analyzing Raman spectra from cells and tissues. In some cases, the PCA can be performed on selected wavenumber ranges of Raman spectra to get information embedded in those specific ranges (interval-PCA). In the present work, the application of these methods to the analysis of Raman spectra from single SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells following the exposure to graded doses of X-rays is reported and specific details from X-ray effects on nucleus and cytoplasm regions are obtained. In addition, the biochemical changes occurring in these cells are also discussed by using an alternative approach, namely the analysis of difference spectra, obtained by subtracting the cytoplasm-related spectrum from the corresponding one detected at the nucleus. It’s worth to note that multivariate analysis has allowed us to unravel the subtle modifications, due to X-ray irradiation, of Raman features related to specific components. These results pave the way to develop proper data analysis methods allowing to manage, on one hand, the complexity of the Raman spectra of cells and tissues and, on the other hand, the high number of spectra needed to consider the intrinsic variability of biological samples.
拉曼微光谱学因其在分子水平上评估细胞损伤的能力而在放射生物学和放射肿瘤学领域得到广泛应用。它可以用来监测致命损伤肿瘤细胞所需的最低剂量,以及减少过量剂量被传递到健康周围细胞的风险。这些结果也要归功于特定数据分析方法的发展,这些方法能够提取嵌入在复杂样品(如人类细胞)的拉曼光谱中的信息。在不同的数据分析程序中,多变量分析已被证明是特别有效的。主成分分析(PCA)方法已广泛应用于细胞和组织的拉曼光谱分析。在某些情况下,可以对拉曼光谱的选定波数范围进行主成分分析,以获得嵌入在特定范围内的信息(区间主成分分析)。在目前的工作中,这些方法应用于分析单个SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞暴露于分级剂量的x射线后的拉曼光谱,并获得了x射线对细胞核和细胞质区域影响的具体细节。此外,这些细胞中发生的生化变化也通过使用另一种方法进行讨论,即差异光谱分析,通过从细胞核检测到的相应光谱中减去细胞质相关光谱得到。值得注意的是,多变量分析使我们能够揭示由于x射线照射引起的与特定成分相关的拉曼特征的微妙变化。这些结果为开发适当的数据分析方法铺平了道路,一方面允许管理细胞和组织的拉曼光谱的复杂性,另一方面,考虑生物样品的内在可变性所需的大量光谱。
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引用次数: 0
Inner Dynamics of Particle Swarm Optimization Interpreted by Complex Network Analysis 用复杂网络分析解释粒子群优化的内部动力学
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905435
Michal Pluhacek, T. Kadavy, Anezka Kazikova, Adam Viktorin, R. Šenkeřík
In this paper, we present the relation between the inner dynamics of the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the properties of a complex network recording the information transfer in the population. Using population diversity as an example, we argue that the complex network analysis is a viable tool for assessing the state of the population and the eventual necessity of an adaptive intervention.
本文给出了粒子群优化算法的内部动力学与记录种群中信息传递的复杂网络的性质之间的关系。以种群多样性为例,我们认为复杂网络分析是评估种群状态和适应性干预最终必要性的可行工具。
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引用次数: 0
Robustness of the Weighted World Air Transportation Network Components 加权世界航空运输网络分量的鲁棒性
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905439
I. Diop, C. Cherifi, C. Diallo, H. Cherifi
The air transportation network is a critical infrastructure in our connected world. Therefore, understanding its robustness to targeted attacks is essential. Extensive research has investigated how removing a particular class of nodes impacts connectivity, efficiency, and security. However, the impact of its mesoscopic structuration remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we investigate how targeted attacks on the global weighted air transport network impact its components in this study. Indeed, the weighted world air transportation network includes five local components covering different regions (North America-Caribbean, Europe-Russia, East and Southeast Asia-Oceania, Africa-Middle East-South Asia, South America) and a global component scattered around the world. We study and compare two prevalent attacks (weighted Closeness and weighted Eigenvector). The results show that as the percentage of airports removed increases, the local components progressively separate from the global air transportation network. One needs to remove a lower fraction of top Weighted Closeness airports to isolate regions compared to the Weighted Eigenvector attack. Furthermore, traveling in areas separated by the Weighted Closeness attack is still quite effective. In contrast, the Weighted Eigenvector attack is more damaging for regional transportation. This study opens new perspectives for better understanding the global air transportation network resilience.
航空运输网络是我们这个互联世界的关键基础设施。因此,了解其对目标攻击的稳健性至关重要。广泛的研究调查了删除特定类型的节点如何影响连接性、效率和安全性。然而,其介观结构的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索。为了填补这一空白,我们在本研究中调查了针对全球加权航空运输网络的针对性攻击如何影响其组成部分。事实上,加权的世界航空运输网络包括五个覆盖不同地区的本地组成部分(北美-加勒比、欧洲-俄罗斯、东亚和东南亚-大洋洲、非洲-中东-南亚、南美)和一个分散在世界各地的全球组成部分。我们研究并比较了两种流行的攻击(加权接近度和加权特征向量)。结果表明,随着机场移除比例的增加,本地组件逐渐从全球航空运输网络中分离出来。与加权特征向量攻击相比,我们需要移除较低比例的顶级加权接近机场来隔离区域。此外,在被加权近距离攻击分隔的区域中旅行仍然非常有效。相比之下,加权特征向量攻击对区域交通的破坏更大。本研究为更好地理解全球航空运输网络弹性开辟了新的视角。
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引用次数: 1
On the equivalence of the three-link to the almost linear form* 关于三连杆与几乎线性形式*的等价性
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905468
S. Čelikovský, M. Anderle
The almost linear form that is state and feedback equivalent to the dynamics of the so-called three-link (aka biped with torso) is derived and proved here. This result is then applied to the walking design with downward torso movement imitating balancing role of a hand. This motivates a challenging idea: the balancing role of hands in two-dimensional walking consists in synchronizing the hand angle with the hip angle in such a way that the resulting restricted dynamics is exact feedback linearizable. Results are demonstrated by the simulations of a single step including walking animations.
在此推导并证明了几乎线性形式的状态和反馈等效于所谓的三连杆(又名双足与躯干)的动力学。然后将这一结果应用于躯干向下运动模仿手的平衡作用的行走设计。这激发了一个具有挑战性的想法:在二维行走中,手的平衡作用包括使手的角度与臀部的角度同步,从而使所产生的受限动态是精确的反馈线性化的。结果通过单步仿真得到验证,包括行走动画。
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引用次数: 0
High-Performance Detection of Toxic Gases Using a New Microsensor based on Graphene Field-Effect Transistor 基于石墨烯场效应晶体管的新型微传感器对有毒气体的高性能检测
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905463
K. Tamersit, A. Boualleg, H. Bourouba
In this paper, a new gas microsensor based on graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) is proposed, modeled, and studied through a compact drain current model. This latter is based on drift-diffusion carrier transport, which takes into account the sensing and transduction mechanisms and includes the dimensional and physical sensor parameters. The used sensing principle is based on the work function modulation technique. The shift in Dirac point voltage is considered as a sensing metric. The proposed GFET-based gas microsensor, that employs a top sensitive gate as reference and a back gate for control, has exhibited an ultra-sensitive performance toward the toxic gases. The obtained results make the suggested GFETbased gas microsensor as a promising candidate for highperformance and low-cost monitoring and defense applications.
本文提出了一种基于石墨烯场效应晶体管(GFET)的新型气体微传感器,并通过紧凑的漏极电流模型对其进行了建模和研究。后者是基于漂移-扩散载流子传输,它考虑了传感和转导机制,包括尺寸和物理传感器参数。所采用的传感原理是基于功函数调制技术。狄拉克点电压的位移被认为是一个传感度量。所提出的基于gfet的气体微传感器采用上敏栅极作为参考,后敏栅极作为控制,对有毒气体具有超灵敏的性能。研究结果表明,基于gfet的气体微传感器是一种高性能、低成本的监测和防御应用的理想选择。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring clustering in SOMA 探索SOMA中的聚类
Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1109/COMPENG50184.2022.9905440
T. Kadavy, Michal Pluhacek, Adam Viktorin, Anezka Kazikova, R. Šenkeřík
During the developing phase of the new evolutionary algorithm (EA) or the analysis, several techniques or measurements are used to capture the inner dynamic of an algorithm. Besides the usual ones, for example, convergence graphs, population diversity, or complex networks, the scientists may also use clustering. Clustering analysis may naturally be used to analyze the grouping of individuals in swarm-based algorithms. This paper examines the possibilities of the clustering analysis for the Self-Organizing Migrating Algorithm with CLustering-aided migration (SOMA-CL). The algorithm is described in detail, together with several cluster analyses which can be used to investigate the behavior of the algorithm.
在新进化算法(EA)或分析的开发阶段,使用了几种技术或测量方法来捕获算法的内部动态。除了常用的方法,例如收敛图、种群多样性或复杂网络,科学家们还可以使用聚类。聚类分析可以很自然地用于分析基于群的算法中个体的分组。本文探讨了聚类辅助迁移自组织迁移算法(SOMA-CL)的聚类分析的可能性。详细描述了该算法,并进行了一些聚类分析,这些聚类分析可用于研究该算法的行为。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG)
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