This paper presents a summary of the results of a study of the parametric interrelationships between size, weight, hull proportions, propulsion power, and craft speed of modern, high performance, monohull marine craft. The objective of the study was to derive an empirical method for: i) expeditious definition and optimization of hull geometry, and propulsion plant of candidate craft concepts, and ii) assessment of performance claims in boat design proposals and similar technical literature. Parametric relationships were derived to describe the performance characteristics of high speed craft in terms related to lifting surface theory (i.e aspect ratio and pressure loading of the planing surface) rather than in more conventional "naval architectural" terms such as hull geometry coefficients, slenderness ratio etc. The data provide a fast and convenient method for estimation of propulsion power/speed relationships which requires only limited craft design information and yields results consistent with the precision necessary for the intended usage. The scope of the paper includes a brief review of the technical approach used to accomplish the work, typical data trends and the charts which provide the basis for the simplified power estimation method. Performance estimates derived by means of the method are compared with data derived from the careful and thorough testing of full-scale craft.
{"title":"A Simplified Power Estimation Method for Monohull High-Speed Small Craft","authors":"C. Lee","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-044","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a summary of the results of a study of the parametric interrelationships between size, weight, hull proportions, propulsion power, and craft speed of modern, high performance, monohull marine craft. The objective of the study was to derive an empirical method for: i) expeditious definition and optimization of hull geometry, and propulsion plant of candidate craft concepts, and ii) assessment of performance claims in boat design proposals and similar technical literature.\u0000 Parametric relationships were derived to describe the performance characteristics of high speed craft in terms related to lifting surface theory (i.e aspect ratio and pressure loading of the planing surface) rather than in more conventional \"naval architectural\" terms such as hull geometry coefficients, slenderness ratio etc. The data provide a fast and convenient method for estimation of propulsion power/speed relationships which requires only limited craft design information and yields results consistent with the precision necessary for the intended usage.\u0000 The scope of the paper includes a brief review of the technical approach used to accomplish the work, typical data trends and the charts which provide the basis for the simplified power estimation method. Performance estimates derived by means of the method are compared with data derived from the careful and thorough testing of full-scale craft.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127375925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent simulation testing of existing and proposed improvements to the Houston Ship Channel (HSC) in Galveston Bay has demonstrated the need for additional information on the behavior of ship maneuvering and passing in very restricted waterways. Modeling based on towing tank tests for bank/ship and ship/ship interactions had to be seriously modified for the ships to respond as the pilots indicate ships behave in the HSC. Comparison with scale physical models indicates that these modifications do produce ship motions similar to those measured with the free-running physical models. Prototype measurements also indicate the behavior is being reproduced with the revised simulator model. This suggests the need for new and better methods for determining ship behavior in highly restricted waterways that can account for the free motion of the ship.
{"title":"Modeling Realistic Ship Behavior in Highly Restricted Waterways","authors":"L. Daggett","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-003","url":null,"abstract":"Recent simulation testing of existing and proposed improvements to the Houston Ship Channel (HSC) in Galveston Bay has demonstrated the need for additional information on the behavior of ship maneuvering and passing in very restricted waterways. Modeling based on towing tank tests for bank/ship and ship/ship interactions had to be seriously modified for the ships to respond as the pilots indicate ships behave in the HSC. Comparison with scale physical models indicates that these modifications do produce ship motions similar to those measured with the free-running physical models. Prototype measurements also indicate the behavior is being reproduced with the revised simulator model. This suggests the need for new and better methods for determining ship behavior in highly restricted waterways that can account for the free motion of the ship.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122111772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new tool for flow field measurement is in use at the David Taylor Model Basin (DTMB) The Digital Particle, Image Velocimetry (DPIV) technique developed by Willert and Gharib (1) has been used to measure the flow fields of a 2D standing wave and of a laminar vortex pair interacting with 2D traveling waves at a free surface. Application of the DPIV technique to free surface flows introduces new measurement challenges a the position of the non-stationary surface is not known a priori, but must be determined from the video images themselves. The initial application of the DPIV technique at DTMB has shown that it is a useful tool for flow field measurement and visualization with a high throughput rate. It is possible to obtain flow field measurements in almost rea1 time, and the results are immediately available for use in directing experimental efforts. It is envisioned that a myriad of applications will be found for the DPIV technique at DTMB, including the mapping of flow fields around hull forms, appendages, and propulsors.
David Taylor模型盆地(DTMB)使用了一种新的流场测量工具。Willert和Gharib(1)开发的数字粒子图像测速(DPIV)技术已被用于测量自由表面上二维驻波和与二维行波相互作用的层流涡对的流场。DPIV技术在自由表面流动中的应用带来了新的测量挑战，非静止表面的位置不是先验的，而是必须从视频图像本身确定。DPIV技术在DTMB的初步应用表明，它是一种有用的流场测量和可视化工具，具有高通量。几乎可以实时获得流场测量结果，并且结果可立即用于指导实验工作。预计DPIV技术将在DTMB得到广泛应用，包括船体形状、附件和推进器周围的流场映射。
{"title":"Flow Field Measurements at a Free Surface Using Digital Particle Image Velocimetry","authors":"J. Hamilton, S. Fish, D. Anthony","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-025","url":null,"abstract":"A new tool for flow field measurement is in use at the David Taylor Model Basin (DTMB) The Digital Particle, Image Velocimetry (DPIV) technique developed by Willert and Gharib (1) has been used to measure the flow fields of a 2D standing wave and of a laminar vortex pair interacting with 2D traveling waves at a free surface. Application of the DPIV technique to free surface flows introduces new measurement challenges a the position of the non-stationary surface is not known a priori, but must be determined from the video images themselves.\u0000 The initial application of the DPIV technique at DTMB has shown that it is a useful tool for flow field measurement and visualization with a high throughput rate. It is possible to obtain flow field measurements in almost rea1 time, and the results are immediately available for use in directing experimental efforts. It is envisioned that a myriad of applications will be found for the DPIV technique at DTMB, including the mapping of flow fields around hull forms, appendages, and propulsors.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"12 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132285753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous methods for calculating wave reflection have been presented in the literature. These methods utilize the recorded wave heights from two or three probes and, in some cases, the phase relationship between the wave probes. The present paper discusses three of the calculation methods and the difficulties encountered in applying the methods to "real" wave tank conditions. Results are presented for the wave reflection from the beach of a two dimensional wave tank, and recommendations are presented concerning the most appropriate method.
{"title":"Comparison of Wave Reflection Equations with Experimental Wave Basin Data","authors":"D. Cotter, S. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-009","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous methods for calculating wave reflection have been presented in the literature. These methods utilize the recorded wave heights from two or three probes and, in some cases, the phase relationship between the wave probes. The present paper discusses three of the calculation methods and the difficulties encountered in applying the methods to \"real\" wave tank conditions. Results are presented for the wave reflection from the beach of a two dimensional wave tank, and recommendations are presented concerning the most appropriate method.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114490275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The model to full scale correlation in resistance and powering between two scale model USMC waterjet propelled high speed amphibious vehicles is shown. The estimated required thrust for a 0.295 scale model of the High Water Speed Technology Demonstrator and a 0.245 scale model of the Propulsion System Demonstrator are compared to full scale results in a speed range of 5 to 30 knots. Correlation above 22 knots, after correction for air ingestion into the waterjets, is found to be excellent The effects of air ingestion into the waterjets, effect of long time constants to reach steady state, and an apparent hysteresis effect due to acceleration are also discussed.
{"title":"Correlation of the USMC High Speed Technology Demonstrator and Propulsion System Demonstrator","authors":"J. Hoyt, B. Abramson, D. D. Hayden","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-042","url":null,"abstract":"The model to full scale correlation in resistance and powering between two scale model USMC waterjet propelled high speed amphibious vehicles is shown. The estimated required thrust for a 0.295 scale model of the High Water Speed Technology Demonstrator and a 0.245 scale model of the Propulsion System Demonstrator are compared to full scale results in a speed range of 5 to 30 knots. Correlation above 22 knots, after correction for air ingestion into the waterjets, is found to be excellent The effects of air ingestion into the waterjets, effect of long time constants to reach steady state, and an apparent hysteresis effect due to acceleration are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115302993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes a series of experiments relating to the manoeuvring of the 22 tonne SWATH fishing vessel ALI. The results are related to the output of a manoeuvring prediction program resulting from the adaptation of monohull manoeuvring techniques to SWATH ships.
{"title":"On the Full Scale Maneuvering Characteristics of the SWATH Fishing Vessel Ali","authors":"R. Mcgregor, A. F. Miller","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a series of experiments relating to the manoeuvring of the 22 tonne SWATH fishing vessel ALI. The results are related to the output of a manoeuvring prediction program resulting from the adaptation of monohull manoeuvring techniques to SWATH ships.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123036106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wake flow measurements have traditionally been made with pitot probes. Most commonly used probes are of the 5-hole spherical and hemispherical head on cylindrical stem variety. A limitation is that the measurement can be intrusive and the probe may not physically fit in the area to be measured. One modern solution uses multi-component Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) to measure the wake profile. A question arises as to how the laser measurements comp are with the pitot probe measurements. Experimental studies were conducted at the David Taylor Model Basin, Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (formerly the David Taylor Research Center) where pitot probe s and LDV measurements were simultaneously collected in the propeller plane of a single screw ship model. No n-simultaneous wake measurements have also been collected on twin screw shaft and strut ship models. The two flow measurements correlate well at the outer propeller radii. Near the hub or in low-flow regions, the pitot probe axial velocities fall off more rapidly than LDV measurements.
{"title":"Comparison of Wake Flow Measurements between 5-Hole Pitot Probes and Laser Doppler Velocimetry in the Ship Propeller Plane","authors":"M. Pirrone, W. Lindenmuth","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-013","url":null,"abstract":"Wake flow measurements have traditionally been made with pitot probes. Most commonly used probes are of the 5-hole spherical and hemispherical head on cylindrical stem variety. A limitation is that the measurement can be intrusive and the probe may not physically fit in the area to be measured. One modern solution uses multi-component Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) to measure the wake profile. A question arises as to how the laser measurements comp are with the pitot probe measurements.\u0000 Experimental studies were conducted at the David Taylor Model Basin, Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (formerly the David Taylor Research Center) where pitot probe s and LDV measurements were simultaneously collected in the propeller plane of a single screw ship model. No n-simultaneous wake measurements have also been collected on twin screw shaft and strut ship models.\u0000 The two flow measurements correlate well at the outer propeller radii. Near the hub or in low-flow regions, the pitot probe axial velocities fall off more rapidly than LDV measurements.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131894032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several experiments performed by Ceccio and Brennen ( 1991, 1989) and Kumar and Brennen 1992, 1991) have closely examined the interaction between individual cavitation bubbles and the boundary layer, as well as statistical properties of the acoustical signals produced by the bubble collapse. All of these experiments were, however, conducted in the same facility with the same head form size (5.08cm in diameter) and over a fairly narrow range of flow velocities (around 9m/s). Clearly this raises the issue of how the phenomena identified change with speed, scale and facility. The present paper describes experiments conducted in order to try to answer some of these important questions regarding the scaling of the cavitation phenomena. The experiments were conducted in the Large Cavitation Channel of the David Taylor Research Center in Memphis Tennessee, on geometrically similar Schiebe head forms which are 5. 0 8, 25.4 and 50.8cm in diameter for speeds ranging up to 15m/s and for a range of cavitation numbers.
{"title":"Cavitation Scaling Experiments with Axisymmetric Bodies","authors":"Y. Chizelle, S. Ceccio, C. Brennen, Young T. Shen","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-021","url":null,"abstract":"Several experiments performed by Ceccio and Brennen ( 1991, 1989) and Kumar and Brennen 1992, 1991) have closely examined the interaction between individual cavitation bubbles and the boundary layer, as well as statistical properties of the acoustical signals produced by the bubble collapse. All of these experiments were, however, conducted in the same facility with the same head form size (5.08cm in diameter) and over a fairly narrow range of flow velocities (around 9m/s). Clearly this raises the issue of how the phenomena identified change with speed, scale and facility. The present paper describes experiments conducted in order to try to answer some of these important questions regarding the scaling of the cavitation phenomena. The experiments were conducted in the Large Cavitation Channel of the David Taylor Research Center in Memphis Tennessee, on geometrically similar Schiebe head forms which are 5. 0 8, 25.4 and 50.8cm in diameter for speeds ranging up to 15m/s and for a range of cavitation numbers.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116394133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Capacitance wave probes have been traditionally used at DTMB for measuring the wave heights in the Kelvin wake of towed surface ship models. Two new wave height measurement systems have recently been developed at DTMB: a laser wave height probe, using a linear array of charged couple devices, and a surface sensing mechanical probe. These devices represent improvements to the capacitance probes in the form of reduced and/or eliminated susceptibility to contamination and increased frequency response. In this paper, the physics of operation of the measurement systems and design considerations for their optimization will be discussed. Measurements of the free surface in a regular wave field, and for longitudinal wavecuts with a ship-model, over a wide Froude number range, have been made. Based on experimental results, evaluations of the various attributes and shortcomings of each type of probe will be made.
{"title":"Two Novel Free Surface Measurement Techniques Developed at DTMB","authors":"P. Chang, T. Ratcliffe, J. R. Rice, S. McGuigan","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-027","url":null,"abstract":"Capacitance wave probes have been traditionally used at DTMB for measuring the wave heights in the Kelvin wake of towed surface ship models. Two new wave height measurement systems have recently been developed at DTMB: a laser wave height probe, using a linear array of charged couple devices, and a surface sensing mechanical probe. These devices represent improvements to the capacitance probes in the form of reduced and/or eliminated susceptibility to contamination and increased frequency response. In this paper, the physics of operation of the measurement systems and design considerations for their optimization will be discussed. Measurements of the free surface in a regular wave field, and for longitudinal wavecuts with a ship-model, over a wide Froude number range, have been made. Based on experimental results, evaluations of the various attributes and shortcomings of each type of probe will be made.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123604007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The inception cavitation number a 1 and corresponding propeller revolutions RPM are essential parameters for the prediction of the propeller noise. While RPM and a depend on many factors, the thrust loading coefficient Te and pitch ratio P/0 are important. In this contribution a simple expression, which comes from classical Burrill ship trial cavitation chart and modern model noise experimental analysis is presented. Based on the expression the predicted results for the noise spectra (SPL, vs. 1/3 octave frequency) are acceptable.
{"title":"An Expression of Inception Cavitation Number","authors":"S. Qin","doi":"10.5957/attc-1992-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-020","url":null,"abstract":"The inception cavitation number a 1 and corresponding propeller revolutions RPM are essential parameters for the prediction of the propeller noise. While RPM and a depend on many factors, the thrust loading coefficient Te and pitch ratio P/0 are important. In this contribution a simple expression, which comes from classical Burrill ship trial cavitation chart and modern model noise experimental analysis is presented. Based on the expression the predicted results for the noise spectra (SPL, vs. 1/3 octave frequency) are acceptable.","PeriodicalId":211134,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Thu, June 11, 1992","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131185320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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