Baban Jabbar Othman, M. Rashad, Idrees Sadeq Kanabi, Diyar Abdulmajeed Jamil, Rozhgar Khorsheed Mahmood, Zaid Saad Ismail, S. J. Jwmaa, S. Younus
The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the connection that exists between different types of leadership and how well private companies in Erbil deal with times of crisis. In order to accomplish the objectives of this research project, a quantitative approach was used. Six hundred thirty individuals responded to the survey, making the total number of participants. According to the findings, charismatic leadership proved to be the most valuable of all the other forms of leadership. According to the findings of the study, charismatic leadership has been subjected to increased scrutiny over the past few decades, and the growth plans of businesses typically require revision while facing a crisis. The findings of the current study will serve as a guide for government agencies, notably private firms in Erbil, in the process of selecting individuals who are capable of charismatic leadership in times of crisis.
{"title":"Crisis Management: Examine the influence of successful Leadership Styles on Crisis Management","authors":"Baban Jabbar Othman, M. Rashad, Idrees Sadeq Kanabi, Diyar Abdulmajeed Jamil, Rozhgar Khorsheed Mahmood, Zaid Saad Ismail, S. J. Jwmaa, S. Younus","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.1.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.1.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the connection that exists between different types of leadership and how well private companies in Erbil deal with times of crisis. In order to accomplish the objectives of this research project, a quantitative approach was used. Six hundred thirty individuals responded to the survey, making the total number of participants. According to the findings, charismatic leadership proved to be the most valuable of all the other forms of leadership. According to the findings of the study, charismatic leadership has been subjected to increased scrutiny over the past few decades, and the growth plans of businesses typically require revision while facing a crisis. The findings of the current study will serve as a guide for government agencies, notably private firms in Erbil, in the process of selecting individuals who are capable of charismatic leadership in times of crisis.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134594879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India’s Vedas and Puranas are collections of sophisticated science that cannot fit into human logic. In this paper, we will discuss the science of creating deities or energy used by ancient India as a tool to have a fulfilled life. This science was widely used in India and not only in India but in South Asia too.This paper will dig deep to know how this sophisticated science works. Atharva Veda or Sthapatya Veda, and sulbha sutras discuss Vedic geometry. Under Vedic geometry, we have Kalpa which discusses methods of performing Vedic rituals. In Kalpa, we have two branches- i- Sulbha Sutra- rules for preparing for Yagya. It discusses the methods and rules for preparing chithi. ii- Srauta Sutra- rules for performing Yagya. In this paper, we will discuss the Sulbha Sutra. We will discuss how differently shaped chithi serve different purposes. We will also discuss Shri Vidya, which is the use of Vedic geometry to worship deities through Yantra. The relevance of Kul Daivam will also be discussed. Cambodia is a south Asian country. Hinduism came to this land in 1st century CE. It was brought by merchants and mercenaries. The early architect of this country tells a lot about the religion and beliefs of these people. Many Shiva lingas and murtis from the early 9th century are found. Shiva was worshipped there for almost 200 years. Angkor Wat Temple, the temple Of Lord Vishnu in Cambodia is the biggest worship site in the world. It was built in the first half of the 12th century. King Suryavarman II was the king of that period. In mid 12th century many libraries, hospitals, and temples were built. After the death of Suryavarman II, Dharanindravarman II came in the late 12th century. With him, Tantric Buddhism came. An enormous change in deities was for a reason. Different deities serve different purposes. This ancient Indian science was spread to parts of south Asia. They used deities as a tool to flourish, conquer, and protect. At last, we will discuss the greatest mathematician of all time Srinivasa Ramanujan. In an interview with his wife, she said“Family told him not to go, and at first he agreed not to. But then he said he was going to Namakkal to ask goddess Namagiri for guidance.” Here she refers to the time Ramanujan decided to go to England he mentioned his devi. He was a live example to use a Deity(Namagiri) as a way to attain intelligence. This was a form of science used all over India but due to many invaders, we lost this knowledge. It is really important to understand and preserve this knowledge. This paper will investigate this science and show how these were always part of Indian culture which we have lost today in the name of science and logic.
{"title":"The Science of Deities and Energy Creation in Indian Culture","authors":"Priya Pandey, S. Mishra","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.2.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.2.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"India’s Vedas and Puranas are collections of sophisticated science that cannot fit into human logic. In this paper, we will discuss the science of creating deities or energy used by ancient India as a tool to have a fulfilled life. This science was widely used in India and not only in India but in South Asia too.This paper will dig deep to know how this sophisticated science works. Atharva Veda or Sthapatya Veda, and sulbha sutras discuss Vedic geometry. Under Vedic geometry, we have Kalpa which discusses methods of performing Vedic rituals. In Kalpa, we have two branches- i- Sulbha Sutra- rules for preparing for Yagya. It discusses the methods and rules for preparing chithi. ii- Srauta Sutra- rules for performing Yagya. In this paper, we will discuss the Sulbha Sutra. We will discuss how differently shaped chithi serve different purposes. We will also discuss Shri Vidya, which is the use of Vedic geometry to worship deities through Yantra. The relevance of Kul Daivam will also be discussed. Cambodia is a south Asian country. Hinduism came to this land in 1st century CE. It was brought by merchants and mercenaries. The early architect of this country tells a lot about the religion and beliefs of these people. Many Shiva lingas and murtis from the early 9th century are found. Shiva was worshipped there for almost 200 years. Angkor Wat Temple, the temple Of Lord Vishnu in Cambodia is the biggest worship site in the world. It was built in the first half of the 12th century. King Suryavarman II was the king of that period. In mid 12th century many libraries, hospitals, and temples were built. After the death of Suryavarman II, Dharanindravarman II came in the late 12th century. With him, Tantric Buddhism came. An enormous change in deities was for a reason. Different deities serve different purposes. This ancient Indian science was spread to parts of south Asia. They used deities as a tool to flourish, conquer, and protect. At last, we will discuss the greatest mathematician of all time Srinivasa Ramanujan. In an interview with his wife, she said“Family told him not to go, and at first he agreed not to. But then he said he was going to Namakkal to ask goddess Namagiri for guidance.” Here she refers to the time Ramanujan decided to go to England he mentioned his devi. He was a live example to use a Deity(Namagiri) as a way to attain intelligence. This was a form of science used all over India but due to many invaders, we lost this knowledge. It is really important to understand and preserve this knowledge. This paper will investigate this science and show how these were always part of Indian culture which we have lost today in the name of science and logic.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129653139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article gives information about students’ and teachers’ communication during classes, and discusses the benefits and drawbacks of teacher and student talk in learning process. There are some ideas for how teachers and students might balance the talk between students and teachers in a language learning class.
{"title":"The Role of Teacher-Student and Student-Student Talk in Teaching Target Language","authors":"Mamadaliyeva Burayma Sabitaliyevna","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.2.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.2.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This article gives information about students’ and teachers’ communication during classes, and discusses the benefits and drawbacks of teacher and student talk in learning process. There are some ideas for how teachers and students might balance the talk between students and teachers in a language learning class.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130770636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study focused on the oral communication skills along with articulation disorders among Grade VI learners of Balong Elementary School. It significantly analyzed the common errors committed by the respondents along articulation disorders. The study used the descriptive-qualitative type of research method. The data were gathered through administering an oral reading assessment with the use of a passage lifted from the Phil-IRI Module entitled “Galileo, The Scientist” consists of 89 words. It was found out in the study that the level of proficiency of most of the learners in oral communication falls under instructional level. The frequency of errors in oral communication disorders along articulation disorder shows that “imperfect production of phonetic elements” has the most committed error with 306 or 56.77%. “Omission of certain speech sound” ranks second with 119 or 22.08% errors. Third is “substitutions” with 98 or 18.18%. Fourth is “distortions” with 10 or 1.86% and the least is the “baby talk” with 6 0r 1.11%. Based on the findings, the following conclusions are drawn: a) Some of the learners are not well-versed enough in reading sight words; b) imperfect production of phonetic elements or mispronunciation as the most common error committed; specifically, on pronouncing words with long /a/, soft /th/, and vowels ‘ou’ with schwa /Ə/ sound; c) the most common factor affecting the oral communication skills of the learners is “lack of reading experience in school and at home”; and d) to minimize or avoid the errors in oral communication, intervening activities may be implemented.
本研究以巴龙小学六年级学生的口语沟通能力及发音障碍为研究对象。它显著地分析了应答者在发音障碍中常见的错误。本研究采用描述-定性型的研究方法。数据是通过口头阅读评估收集的，该评估使用了Phil-IRI模块中题为“伽利略，科学家”的文章，该文章由89个单词组成。研究发现，大部分学习者的口语交际水平都在教学水平以下。口腔交际障碍伴发音障碍的错误频次显示，“音素产生不全”的错误频次最多，为306次，占56.77%。“某些语音的遗漏”排在第二位，有119个错误，占22.08%。第三是“替代”，占98%或18.18%。第四是“扭曲”，占10%或1.86%，最少的是“婴儿语”，占60%或1.11%。根据研究结果，可以得出以下结论:a)部分学习者对视词的阅读不够精通;B)发音不完整或发音错误是最常见的错误;具体来说，对于长/a/，软/th/和元音' ou '带弱读音/Ə/的单词;C)影响学习者口语交际能力的最常见因素是“在学校和家里缺乏阅读经验”;d)为了尽量减少或避免口头交际中的错误，可以实施干预活动。
{"title":"Oral Communication Skills of Grade VI Learners","authors":"Celso Jr. U. Paguel","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.2.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.2.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"The study focused on the oral communication skills along with articulation disorders among Grade VI learners of Balong Elementary School. It significantly analyzed the common errors committed by the respondents along articulation disorders. The study used the descriptive-qualitative type of research method. The data were gathered through administering an oral reading assessment with the use of a passage lifted from the Phil-IRI Module entitled “Galileo, The Scientist” consists of 89 words. It was found out in the study that the level of proficiency of most of the learners in oral communication falls under instructional level. The frequency of errors in oral communication disorders along articulation disorder shows that “imperfect production of phonetic elements” has the most committed error with 306 or 56.77%. “Omission of certain speech sound” ranks second with 119 or 22.08% errors. Third is “substitutions” with 98 or 18.18%. Fourth is “distortions” with 10 or 1.86% and the least is the “baby talk” with 6 0r 1.11%. Based on the findings, the following conclusions are drawn: a) Some of the learners are not well-versed enough in reading sight words; b) imperfect production of phonetic elements or mispronunciation as the most common error committed; specifically, on pronouncing words with long /a/, soft /th/, and vowels ‘ou’ with schwa /Ə/ sound; c) the most common factor affecting the oral communication skills of the learners is “lack of reading experience in school and at home”; and d) to minimize or avoid the errors in oral communication, intervening activities may be implemented.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126052114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research article examines the significance of autobiographical works as a means of self-expression and self-portrayal in contemporary society. The study explores the genre of autobiography, its historical development, and its psychological implications. The research focuses on Kamala Das's autobiography, "My Story," as a case study to analyze the themes of self-realization, self-assertion, and the struggles of Indian womanhood. The article highlights the role of autobiographies in challenging societal norms and advocating for women's rights and individuality. It explores how Kamala Das's autobiography defies patriarchal expectations and explores themes of love, sexuality, and personal growth. The research also addresses the impact of Kamala Das's work in reshaping feminine personas in Indian English fiction. Overall, the article contributes to the understanding of autobiographical literature as a powerful medium for self-exploration and social critique.
{"title":"Narratives of Self-Discovery: Examining Kamala Das's Autobiography in the Context of Women's Empowerment","authors":"Dr.S. Sujitha, Dr. A. Arun Daves","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.2.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.2.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"This research article examines the significance of autobiographical works as a means of self-expression and self-portrayal in contemporary society. The study explores the genre of autobiography, its historical development, and its psychological implications. The research focuses on Kamala Das's autobiography, \"My Story,\" as a case study to analyze the themes of self-realization, self-assertion, and the struggles of Indian womanhood. The article highlights the role of autobiographies in challenging societal norms and advocating for women's rights and individuality. It explores how Kamala Das's autobiography defies patriarchal expectations and explores themes of love, sexuality, and personal growth. The research also addresses the impact of Kamala Das's work in reshaping feminine personas in Indian English fiction. Overall, the article contributes to the understanding of autobiographical literature as a powerful medium for self-exploration and social critique.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127831610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study also examines the one-of-a-kind political vision of Bose and the influences of social and political reformers, for example, Swami Vivekananda and Aurobindo Ghos on him. It also talks about the advancement of Bose's political ideology through the 1920's during his political apprenticeship under the All-India Bengali leader Chittaranjan Das whom he considered his political Guru. The study would further examine the assembly of Bose's ideas into a solid political ideology, influenced by Indian traditions and the influences of the dominant political belief systems of Fascism, National Socialism and Marxism on his thinking during his years of forced outcast in Europe in the 1930's. Bose's perspectives and arrangements on issues peculiar to India, the topic of caste and so forth are also talked about. This study examines Bose's dramatic escape from India during his home arrest by the British and his excursion from Kabul to Germany. The study analyses his failure in getting assistance from Germany and Russia for the liberation of India, which was his main aim when he had been estranged abroad in Europe during 1930's.
{"title":"Subhas Chandra Bose with Indian National Congress and His Strategies for Armed Struggle","authors":"Aamresh Aamresh, Dr. Rajesh Kumar Meena","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.2.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.2.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study also examines the one-of-a-kind political vision of Bose and the influences of social and political reformers, for example, Swami Vivekananda and Aurobindo Ghos on him. It also talks about the advancement of Bose's political ideology through the 1920's during his political apprenticeship under the All-India Bengali leader Chittaranjan Das whom he considered his political Guru. The study would further examine the assembly of Bose's ideas into a solid political ideology, influenced by Indian traditions and the influences of the dominant political belief systems of Fascism, National Socialism and Marxism on his thinking during his years of forced outcast in Europe in the 1930's. Bose's perspectives and arrangements on issues peculiar to India, the topic of caste and so forth are also talked about. This study examines Bose's dramatic escape from India during his home arrest by the British and his excursion from Kabul to Germany. The study analyses his failure in getting assistance from Germany and Russia for the liberation of India, which was his main aim when he had been estranged abroad in Europe during 1930's.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127156032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cousellors assists students in their study habits which include learning and concentration. Study habits have been a major concern for both students, school counsellors, parents and teachers. The work focuses on influence of school counsellors in the study habits of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The study was carried out in secondary schools in south-west, the design adopted for the study was ex-post facto research design. Four hundred (400) participants were used for the study, these include (50) school counsellors, (50) were teachers, while ( 150 male and 150 female) were students. Two Questionnaires was used for the study, which was 30 items for Students Study Habits Questionnaire (SSHQ) and 50 items for Counselling Services for Students and Teachers questionnaire (CSSTQ). Testing for the study was at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study showed that school counsellors has impacted on study habits of adolescents in school using mainly learning, concentration, academic and personal-social counselling method to aid the students. Scholars recommend that school counsellors should encourage the use of library among students in schools.
{"title":"Influence of School Counsellors in Study Habit of Asolescents in Some Selected Schools in South – West Nigeria","authors":"Ali Esther Emike","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.1.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.1.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Cousellors assists students in their study habits which include learning and concentration. Study habits have been a major concern for both students, school counsellors, parents and teachers. The work focuses on influence of school counsellors in the study habits of in-school adolescents in Nigeria. The study was carried out in secondary schools in south-west, the design adopted for the study was ex-post facto research design. Four hundred (400) participants were used for the study, these include (50) school counsellors, (50) were teachers, while ( 150 male and 150 female) were students. Two Questionnaires was used for the study, which was 30 items for Students Study Habits Questionnaire (SSHQ) and 50 items for Counselling Services for Students and Teachers questionnaire (CSSTQ). Testing for the study was at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study showed that school counsellors has impacted on study habits of adolescents in school using mainly learning, concentration, academic and personal-social counselling method to aid the students. Scholars recommend that school counsellors should encourage the use of library among students in schools.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128470521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is a vast landscape for diasporic perspectives within contemporary South Asian literary discourse. Amidst such dialogue, it is imperative that we revisit the pioneering work of diasporic authors such as Monica Ali. Her novel, Brick Lane (2004), marks a compelling, nuanced portrayal of Bengali diasporic identity that shifts beyond the tendency to assign fixed labels, embracing instead the dynamic tensions and dissonance that diasporic identities bring. In presenting the subjectivities of various Bengali immigrant women, she highlights further the space for contrast even within this diasporic identity ‘group’. I argue that the sari becomes an affective, embodied symbol of dynamism, geography, and feeling for Bengali immigrant women in the novel, representing simultaneous personal and political attachments that shift between characters and across time. I trace certain pivotal scenes within the narrative where the sari carries the subjectivities of its wearers, showcasing an affective capacity in South Asian garments to hold complex stories of place.
{"title":"The Embodied Sari as Political, Personal and Transformative in Monica Ali’s Brick Lane","authors":"Pireh Moosa","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.2.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.2.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"There is a vast landscape for diasporic perspectives within contemporary South Asian literary discourse. Amidst such dialogue, it is imperative that we revisit the pioneering work of diasporic authors such as Monica Ali. Her novel, Brick Lane (2004), marks a compelling, nuanced portrayal of Bengali diasporic identity that shifts beyond the tendency to assign fixed labels, embracing instead the dynamic tensions and dissonance that diasporic identities bring. In presenting the subjectivities of various Bengali immigrant women, she highlights further the space for contrast even within this diasporic identity ‘group’. I argue that the sari becomes an affective, embodied symbol of dynamism, geography, and feeling for Bengali immigrant women in the novel, representing simultaneous personal and political attachments that shift between characters and across time. I trace certain pivotal scenes within the narrative where the sari carries the subjectivities of its wearers, showcasing an affective capacity in South Asian garments to hold complex stories of place.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126424954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uzbekistan has great potential for Zhe development of the tourism industry. Over the past three years, tourism in the country, as one of the main areas of reform and economic growth, has increased fivefold. While about 1 million tourists visited Uzbekistan in 2016, this figure rose to 2.7 million in 2017 and over 5.3 million in 2019. By 2025, the number of foreign tourists is expected to rise to 7 million, and annual foreign exchange receipts from foreign visitors will reach $2 billion. In adittion, the article discusses the factors influencing the development of tourism in Uzbekistan. Tourism is a significant source of income, employment, contributes to the diversification of the economy, creating industries that serve this area. In addition, tourism is an essential factor in the implementation of the foreign policy of the state.
{"title":"Factors of Affecting the Development of Tourism in Uzbekistan in the Example of China and the USA","authors":"Freshta Qaumy, Sobirov Bobur","doi":"10.22161/ijeel.1.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.1.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"Uzbekistan has great potential for Zhe development of the tourism industry. Over the past three years, tourism in the country, as one of the main areas of reform and economic growth, has increased fivefold. While about 1 million tourists visited Uzbekistan in 2016, this figure rose to 2.7 million in 2017 and over 5.3 million in 2019. By 2025, the number of foreign tourists is expected to rise to 7 million, and annual foreign exchange receipts from foreign visitors will reach $2 billion. In adittion, the article discusses the factors influencing the development of tourism in Uzbekistan. Tourism is a significant source of income, employment, contributes to the diversification of the economy, creating industries that serve this area. In addition, tourism is an essential factor in the implementation of the foreign policy of the state.","PeriodicalId":211404,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of English Language, Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132099076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zaid Saad Ismail, S. J. Jwmaa, S. Younus, Baban Jabbar Othman, M. Rashad, Idrees Sadeq Kanabi, Diyar Abdulmajeed Jamil, Rozhgar Khorsheed Mahmood
Over the past two decades, the fundamentals of organizations have undergone a tremendous shift due to changes and uncertainty. To remain competitive in the face of both internal and external challenges, organizations have begun to actively monitor their surroundings in order to better understand the possibilities and threats that exist in such settings. The purpose of this research is to examine the function of competitive intelligence networks in the decision-making processes of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Kurdistan area of Iraq. Researchers, however, used five variables of competitive intelligence networks (network extensiveness, third-party strategy, homophily, issue awareness, and promotion effort) to gauge the direct influence on company performance at SMEs. In addition, the investigation was able to delve into the oblique function of competitive intelligence networks by using them as a mediator between company performance and competitive intelligence. Researchers in the Kurdistan area of Iraq utilized hierarchical multiple regression and the Sobel test to examine the impact of a competitive intelligence network on the financial success of small and medium-sized enterprises. Five elements of a competitive intelligence network were used to quantify the direct effect on SME performance (extensiveness network, third-party strategy, homophily, issue awareness, and promotion effort). In addition, the researchers utilized the competitive intelligence network as a mediator to quantify its effect on company performance. This allowed the analysis to delve into the indirect influence of the competitive intelligence network. The following competitive intelligence network aspects were used to analyze the direct and indirect impact of competitive intelligence networks on SME performance: network extensiveness, third-party strategy, homophily, problem awareness, and promotional effort.
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