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Reading and Writing Relations Are Not Uniform: They Differ by the Linguistic Grain Size, Developmental Phase, and Measurement 阅读和写作的关系不是统一的:它们在语言粒度、发展阶段和测量上有所不同
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231178830
Y. Kim, Alissa Wolters, J. Lee
We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate reading-writing relations. Beyond the overall relation, we systematically investigated moderation of the relation as a function of linguistic grain size (word reading and spelling versus reading comprehension and written composition), measurement of reading comprehension (e.g., multiple choice, open-ended, cloze), and written composition (e.g., writing quality, writing productivity, writing fluency, writing syntax), and developmental phase of reading and writing (grade levels as a proxy). A total of 395 studies (k = 2,265, N = 120,669) met inclusion criteria. Overall, reading and writing were strongly related (r = .72). However, the relation differed depending on the subskills of reading and writing such that word reading and spelling were strongly related (r =.82) whereas reading comprehension and written composition were moderately related (r =.44). In addition, the word reading-spelling relation was stronger for primary-grade students (r =.82) than for university students/adults (r =.69). The relation of reading comprehension with written composition differed depending on measurement of reading comprehension and written composition—reading comprehension measured by multiple choice and open-ended tasks had a stronger relation with writing quality than reading comprehension measured by oral retell tasks; and reading comprehension had moderate relations with writing quality, writing vocabulary, writing syntax, and writing conventions but had weak relations with writing productivity and writing fluency. Relations tended to be stronger when reliability was higher, and the relation between word reading and spelling was stronger for alphabetic languages (r = .83) than for Chinese (r = .71). These results add important nuances about the nature of relations between reading and writing.
我们进行了一项元分析来调查阅读与写作的关系。除了整体关系之外,我们系统地研究了语言粒度(单词阅读和拼写相对于阅读理解和书面作文)、阅读理解测量(例如,选择题、开放式、完形填空)、书面作文(例如,写作质量、写作效率、写作流畅性、写作语法)和阅读和写作发展阶段(作为代理的年级水平)之间关系的调节作用。共有395项研究(k = 2265, N = 120,669)符合纳入标准。总体而言,阅读和写作密切相关(r = 0.72)。然而,这种关系因阅读和写作的子技能而异,例如单词阅读和拼写密切相关(r = 0.82),而阅读理解和书面写作则适度相关(r = 0.44)。此外,小学生的单词阅读-拼写关系(r = 0.82)强于大学生/成人(r = 0.69)。阅读理解与书面写作的关系因阅读理解和书面写作的测量而异,选择题和开放式任务测量的阅读理解与写作质量的关系强于口头复述任务测量的阅读理解;阅读理解与写作质量、写作词汇量、写作句法和写作习惯的关系中等,与写作效率和写作流畅性的关系较弱。信度越高,单词阅读和拼写之间的关系越强,字母语言的单词阅读和拼写之间的关系(r = 0.83)强于汉语(r = 0.71)。这些结果为阅读和写作之间关系的本质增加了重要的细微差别。
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引用次数: 1
Impact Evaluations of Teacher Preparation Practices: Challenges and Opportunities for More Rigorous Research 教师备课实践的影响评估:更严谨研究的挑战与机遇
1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231174413
Zid Mancenido
Many teacher education researchers have expressed concerns about the lack of rigorous impact evaluations of teacher preparation practices. I summarize these various concerns as they relate to issues of internal validity, measurement, and external validity. I then assess the prevalence of these issues by reviewing 166 impact evaluations of teacher preparation practices published in peer-reviewed journals between 2002–2019. Although I find that very few studies address issues of internal validity, measurement, and external validity, I highlight some innovative approaches and present a checklist of considerations to assist future researchers in designing more rigorous impact evaluations.
许多教师教育研究人员对缺乏对教师准备实践的严格影响评估表示担忧。我总结了这些与内部效度、测量和外部效度相关的问题。然后,我通过回顾2002年至2019年期间发表在同行评议期刊上的166份关于教师备课实践的影响评估,评估了这些问题的普遍程度。虽然我发现很少有研究涉及内部效度、测量和外部效度的问题,但我强调了一些创新的方法,并提出了一个考虑事项清单,以帮助未来的研究人员设计更严格的影响评估。
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引用次数: 0
The Active Ingredient in Reading Comprehension Strategy Intervention for Struggling Readers: A Bayesian Network Meta-analysis 困难读者阅读理解策略干预的积极因素:贝叶斯网络元分析
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-05-20 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231171345
Peng Peng, W. Wang, Marissa J. Filderman, Wenxiu Zhang, Lifeng Lin
Based on 52 studies with samples mostly from English-speaking countries, the current study used Bayesian network meta-analysis to investigate the intervention effectiveness of different reading comprehension strategy combinations on reading comprehension among students with reading difficulties in 3rd through 12th grade. We focused on commonly researched strategies: main idea, inference, text structure, retell, prediction, self-monitoring, and graphic organizers. Results showed (1) instruction of more strategies did not necessarily have stronger effects on reading comprehension; (2) there was no single reading comprehension strategy that produced the strongest effect; (3) main idea, text structure, and retell, taught together as the primary strategies, seemed the most effective; and (4) the effects of strategies only held when background knowledge instruction was included. These findings suggest strategy instruction among students with reading difficulties follows an ingredient-interaction model—that is, no single strategy works the best. It is not “the more we teach, the better outcomes to expect.” Instead, different strategy combinations may produce different effects on reading comprehension. Main idea, text structure, and retell together may best optimize the cognitive load during reading comprehension. Background knowledge instruction should be combined with strategy instruction to facilitate knowledge retrieval as to reduce the cognitive load of using strategies.
本研究基于52项以英语国家为样本的研究,采用贝叶斯网络元分析的方法,探讨了不同阅读理解策略组合对三至十二年级阅读困难学生阅读理解的干预效果。我们关注了常用的策略:主旨、推理、文本结构、复述、预测、自我监控和图形组织。结果表明:(1)教学策略越多,对学生阅读理解的影响并不一定越强;(2)没有单一的阅读理解策略产生最强的效果;(3)主旨、文本结构和复述作为主要策略一起教学,似乎最有效;(4)只有在背景知识教学中,策略的效果才有效。这些发现表明,在有阅读困难的学生中,策略教学遵循一种成分互动模式,即没有一种策略是最有效的。并不是“我们教得越多,期望的结果就越好”。相反,不同的策略组合会产生不同的阅读理解效果。大意、篇章结构和复述一起进行,可以最大限度地优化阅读理解过程中的认知负荷。背景知识教学应与策略教学相结合,方便知识检索,减少策略使用的认知负荷。
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引用次数: 1
The Effect of Digital Game-Based Learning Interventions on Cognitive, Metacognitive, and Affective-Motivational Learning Outcomes in School: A Meta-Analysis 基于数字游戏的学习干预对学校认知、元认知和情感动机学习结果的影响:元分析
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231167795
Nathalie Barz, Manuela Benick, Laura Dörrenbächer-Ulrich, F. Perels
Digital game-based learning (DGBL) interventions can be superior to traditional instruction methods for learning, but previous meta-analyses covered a huge period and included a variety of different target groups, limiting the results’ transfer on specific target groups. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is a theory-based examination of DGBL interventions’ effects on different learning outcomes (cognitive, metacognitive, affective-motivational) in the school context, using studies published between 2015 and 2020 and meta-analytic techniques (including moderator analyses) to examine the effectiveness of DGBL interventions compared to traditional instruction methods. Results from random-effects models revealed a significant medium effect for overall learning (g = .54) and cognitive learning outcomes (g = .67). Also found were a small effect for affective-motivational learning outcomes (g = .32) and no significant effect for metacognitive learning outcomes. Additionally, there was no evidence of publication bias. Further meta-regression models did not reveal evidence of moderating personal, environmental, or confounding factors. The findings partially support the positive impact of DGBL interventions in school, and the study addresses its practical implications.
基于数字游戏的学习(DGBL)干预可能优于传统的学习指导方法,但之前的元分析涵盖了一个巨大的时期,包括了各种不同的目标群体,限制了结果在特定目标群体上的传递。因此,本荟萃分析的目的是基于理论检验DGBL干预措施对学校背景下不同学习结果(认知、元认知、情感动机)的影响,使用2015年至2020年间发表的研究和元分析技术(包括调节因子分析),与传统教学方法相比,检查DGBL干预的有效性。随机效应模型的结果显示,对整体学习(g=.54)和认知学习结果(g=.67)有显著的中等影响。此外,对情感动机学习结果(g=.32)有较小影响,对元认知学习结果没有显著影响。此外,没有证据表明存在出版偏见。进一步的元回归模型没有揭示调节个人、环境或混杂因素的证据。研究结果部分支持DGBL干预对学校的积极影响,该研究探讨了其实际意义。
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引用次数: 3
Editorial Vision 2022–2025 2022年至2025年编辑愿景
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231170179
Mildred Boveda, K. Ford, Erica Frankenberg, Francesca López
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引用次数: 0
The Relation Between Need for Cognition and Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis 认知需要与学业成绩关系的元分析
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231160474
Qing Liu, J. Nesbit
Need for cognition is conceptualized as an individual’s intrinsic motivation to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive activities. Over the past three decades, there has been increasing interest in how need for cognition impacts and correlates with learning performance. This meta-analysis summarized 136 independent effect sizes (N = 53,258) for the association between need for cognition and academic achievement and investigated the moderating effects of variables related to research context, methodology, and instrumentation. The overall effect size weighted by inverse variance and using a random effects model was found to be small, r = .20, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from .18 to .22. The association between need for cognition and learning performance was moderated by grade level, geographic region, exposure to intervention, and outcome measurement tool. The implications of these findings for practice and future research are discussed.
认知需求被概念化为个体参与和享受努力的认知活动的内在动机。在过去的三十年里,人们对认知需求如何影响和关联学习成绩越来越感兴趣。这项荟萃分析总结了136个认知需求与学业成绩之间关联的独立效应大小(N=53258),并调查了与研究背景、方法和工具相关的变量的调节效应。通过逆方差加权并使用随机效应模型的总体效应大小很小,r=.20,95%置信区间在.18到.22之间。认知需求与学习成绩之间的关联受年级水平、地理区域、干预程度和结果测量工具的调节。讨论了这些发现对实践和未来研究的启示。
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引用次数: 3
A Meta-Analysis and Quality Review of Mathematics Interventions Conducted in Informal Learning Environments with Caregivers and Children 照顾者和儿童在非正式学习环境中进行数学干预的Meta分析和质量评估
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-19 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231156182
Gena Nelson, H. Carter, Peter Boedeker, E. Knowles, Claire Buckmiller, Jessica Eames
The purposes of this study included conducting a meta-analysis and reviewing the study reporting quality of math interventions implemented in informal learning environments (e.g., the home) by children’s caregivers. This meta-analysis included 25 preschool to third-grade math interventions with 83 effect sizes that yielded a statistically significant summary effect (g = 0.26, 95% CI [0.07, 0.45) on children’s math achievement. Significant moderators of the treatment effect included the intensity of caregiver training and type of outcome measure. There were larger average effects for interventions with caregiver training that included follow-up support and for outcomes that were comprehensive early numeracy measures. Studies met 58.0% of reporting quality indicators, and analyses revealed that quality of reporting has improved in recent years. The results of this study offer several recommendations for researchers and practitioners, particularly given the growing evidence base of math interventions conducted in informal learning environments.
本研究的目的包括进行一项荟萃分析,并回顾研究报告在非正式学习环境(例如,家庭)中由儿童照顾者实施的数学干预的质量。本荟萃分析包括25个学龄前至三年级的数学干预措施,有83个效应量,对儿童的数学成绩产生了统计学上显著的总结效应(g = 0.26, 95% CI[0.07, 0.45])。治疗效果的显著调节因子包括护理人员培训的强度和结果测量的类型。对护理人员进行培训的干预措施(包括后续支持)和对综合早期算术测量的结果有更大的平均效果。研究达到了报告质量指标的58.0%,分析显示报告质量近年来有所提高。本研究的结果为研究人员和实践者提供了一些建议,特别是考虑到在非正式学习环境中进行数学干预的证据基础越来越多。
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引用次数: 3
How Consistent Are Meanings of “Evidence-Based”? A Comparative Review of 12 Clearinghouses that Rate the Effectiveness of Educational Programs “基于证据”的含义有多一致?12家评估教育项目有效性的信息交换所的比较研究
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.3102/00346543231152262
M. Wadhwa, Jingwen Zheng, Thomas D. Cook
Clearinghouses set standards of scientific quality to vet existing research to determine how “evidence-based” an intervention is. This paper examines 12 educational clearinghouses to describe their effectiveness criteria, to estimate how consistently they rate the same program, and to probe why their judgments differ. All the clearinghouses value random assignment, but they differ in how they treat its implementation, how they weight quasi-experiments, and how they value ancillary causal factors like independent replication and persisting effects. A total of 1359 programs were analyzed over 10 clearinghouses; 83% of them were assessed by a single clearinghouse and, of those rated by more than one, similar ratings were achieved for only about 30% of the programs. This high level of inconsistency seems to be mostly due to clearinghouses disagreeing about whether a high program rating requires effects that are replicated and/or temporally persisting. Clearinghouses exist to identify “evidence-based” programs, but the inconsistency in their recommendations of the same program suggests that identifying “evidence-based” interventions is still more of a policy aspiration than a reliable research practice.
信息交换所制定了科学质量标准,以审查现有研究,以确定一项干预措施在多大程度上是“基于证据的”。本文考察了12个教育信息交换所,描述了它们的有效性标准,估计了它们对同一项目的评价有多一致,并探讨了它们的判断不同的原因。所有的结算所都重视随机分配,但它们在如何对待随机分配的实现、如何衡量准实验以及如何评估辅助因果因素(如独立复制和持续效应)方面有所不同。在10个结算所共分析了1359个项目;其中83%的项目是由一家清算所评估的,而在那些由多家清算所评估的项目中,只有大约30%的项目获得了类似的评级。这种高度的不一致似乎主要是由于清算所不同意高程序评级是否需要复制和/或暂时持续的效果。信息交换中心的存在是为了确定“以证据为基础”的项目,但它们对同一项目的建议不一致表明,确定“以证据为基础”的干预措施更多的是一种政策愿望,而不是一种可靠的研究实践。
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引用次数: 2
Marketing and School Choice: A Systematic Literature Review 市场营销与择校:系统文献综述
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.3102/00346543221141658
E. Greaves, Deborah Wilson, A. Nairn
School-choice programs may increase schools' incentives for marketing rather than improving their educational offering. This article systematically reviews the literature on the marketing activities of primary and secondary schools worldwide. The 81 articles reviewed show that schools’ marketing has yet to be tackled by marketing academics or other social scientists outside the education field. Market-oriented U.S. charter schools and their international equivalents have stimulated recent research, but geographical gaps remain, particularly in countries with long-established school-choice policies and in rural areas. Schools deploy a range of marketing techniques with the intensity of activity directly correlated to the level of local competition and their position in the local hierarchy. Studies have analyzed schools’ use of market scanning, specific words and images in brochures, branding, segmentation, and targeting. These marketing activities are rarely accompanied by substantive curricular change, however, and may even contribute to social division through targeting or deceptive marketing activity.
择校计划可能会增加学校营销的动机,而不是改善他们提供的教育。本文系统地回顾了国内外有关中小学营销活动的文献。这81篇文章表明,教育领域以外的营销学者或其他社会科学家还没有解决学校的营销问题。以市场为导向的美国特许学校和国际上的同等学校刺激了最近的研究,但地域差距仍然存在,特别是在长期实行择校政策的国家和农村地区。学校采用了一系列营销技巧,其活动强度与当地竞争水平及其在当地等级中的地位直接相关。研究分析了学校对市场扫描、宣传册中的特定文字和图像、品牌、细分和目标定位的使用。然而,这些营销活动很少伴随着实质性的课程变化,甚至可能通过针对性或欺骗性的营销活动造成社会分裂。
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引用次数: 1
Deeper than Wordplay: A Systematic Review of Critical Quantitative Approaches in Education Research (2007–2021) 比文字游戏更深刻:教育研究中关键定量方法的系统回顾(2007-2021)
IF 11.2 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.3102/00346543221130017
Lolita A. Tabron, Amanda K. Thomas
Although the critical research cannon is often associated with qualitative scholars, there is a growing number of critical scholars who are refusing positivist-informed quantitative analyses. However, as a growing number of education scholars engaged in critical approaches to quantitative inquiry, instances of conflation began to surface. We understood this conflation as the interchangeable use of the terms quantitative criticalism, QuantCrit, and critical quantitative throughout the literature and even within the same chapter or article. The purpose of our systematic literature review is twofold: (a) to understand how critical approaches to quantitative inquiry emerged as a new paradigm within quantitative methods and (b) whether there is any distinction between quantitative criticalism, QuantCrit, and critical quantitative inquiries or simply interchangeable wordplay. We share how critical quantitative approaches are definite shifts within the quantitative research paradigm, highlight relevant assumptions, and share strategies and future directions for applied practice in this emergent field.
尽管批判性研究的大炮通常与定性学者联系在一起,但越来越多的批判性学者拒绝实证主义的定量分析。然而,随着越来越多的教育学者从事定量调查的批判性方法,合并的实例开始浮出水面。我们把这种合并理解为在整个文献中,甚至在同一章或文章中,定量批评、定量批评和批判定量这几个术语的可互换使用。我们系统性文献综述的目的有两个:(a)了解定量研究的批判性方法是如何在定量方法中成为一种新范式的;(b)定量批评、定量批判和批判性定量研究之间是否存在任何区别,或者只是可互换的文字游戏。我们分享了关键的定量方法是如何在定量研究范式中明确转变的,强调了相关的假设,并分享了在这个新兴领域应用实践的策略和未来方向。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Review of Educational Research
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