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God udeskoleundervisning
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v5i1.10678
K. Barfod, Reinhard Stelter
Udeskole er en skoleform, hvor eleverne undervises regelmæssigt uden for klasseværelset. Forskning i udeskole har mestendels beskrevet elevernes positive udbytte, og barrierer mod udeskole. Men der mangler viden om, hvad der er kvalitet i udeskole og hvorledes der undervises i udeskole. Med denne artikel bidrager vi til viden om undervisningen i udeskole. Først er ti lærere interviewet om deres syn på kvalitet i udeskole, og efterfølgende er disse resultater anvendt i analysen af en udvalgt case. Resultaterne peger på, at lærerne anser elevaktiverende arbejdsformer med flere løsningsmuligheder som et betydningsfuldt didaktisk element der kommer særligt til udtryk i udeskole, og at udeskoleundervisningen i særlig grad præges af uforudsigelighed. Caseanalysen viser, at udeskolepraksis omfatter både åbne og problemløsende opgaver og mere lukkede opgaver, og kræver en særlig disciplineringsindsats fra læreren. På baggrund af delstudierne diskuterer vi, hvordan lærerne agerer som praktikere, begrunder deres praksis og realiserer, hvad de selv betegner som god udeskoleundervisning.
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引用次数: 0
Att bilda eller bedöma?
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v4i2.12034
Jonas Nordmark, Linda Jonsson, Niclas Månsson
In this article we take a closer look at the relation between general didactics and civic studies education through a critical analysis of civic studies syllabuses in primary education, in order to illuminate some general motives that legitimizes the role and content of general didactics. It seems to us that the idea of general didactics in Sweden either is about learning theories for instruction, regardless the subject, or to emancipate the democratic potentiality of the subject. In his article, we focus on the latter: First we present our theoretical perspective. With the help from Klafki’s understandings of school as an engaging part of democratic society we discern two aspects of general didactics. In relation to education, one emanates from democracy and learning, and the other springs from democratic virtues and political action. Secondly, and with these two understandings in mind, we engage in a critical reading of the Curriculum for compulsory school (LGR 11) and the syllabuses for civic studies in primary education in order to trace some similarities that might give civic studies a central position for democratic socialization in general. Thirdly, and through our analysis, we reach the conclusion that, due to the similarities between the curricula and syllabus when it comes to foster the democratic subject, the pupil risks not only to be evaluated and graded subject wise, but also for his or her democratic disposition.
在本文中,我们通过对小学教育中公民研究课程的批判性分析,更深入地探讨了通识教学与公民研究教育之间的关系,以阐明使通识教学的作用和内容合法化的一些一般动机。在我们看来,瑞典的一般教学理念要么是关于学习教学理论,而不管主体是什么,要么是为了解放主体的民主潜力。本文主要对后者进行了探讨:首先提出了自己的理论视角。在克拉夫基对学校作为民主社会的一个重要组成部分的理解的帮助下,我们可以看出一般教学的两个方面。在教育方面,一个源于民主和学习,另一个源于民主美德和政治行动。其次,考虑到这两种理解,我们对义务教育课程(LGR 11)和小学教育公民研究大纲进行了批判性阅读,以找出一些相似之处,这些相似之处可能会使公民研究在一般的民主社会化中占据中心地位。第三,通过我们的分析,我们得出结论,由于课程和教学大纲在培养民主主体方面的相似性,学生不仅面临着学科评估和评分的风险,而且也面临着其民主倾向的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Reformimplementering i förskolepraktik
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v4i2.12043
Anja Eriksson, Ann-Katrin Svensson, D. Beach
This article focuses on how responsibilities and tasks have been allocated between preschool teachers and child-care workers some years after the revision of the Swedish National Education Act and the preschool curriculum in 2010, in which the preschool staffs responsibility was clarified.  The revision intended to strengthen the educational quality in preschool by providing preschool teachers with an increased responsibility for the educational activities carried out by preschool teams. Our overall aim was to investigate whether the revision has led to a redistribution of responsibilities and/or tasks in the everyday preschool practice carried through by preschool teams consisting of preschool teachers and child-care workers. The investigation is grounded through observations of the daily work of four mixed teams and analyses of local documents, field conversations and interviews with the team members and their heads. Due to the results there has been some redistribution of responsibilities and tasks. For instance, all the heads have made organizational changes in order to enable preschool teachers to take greater responsibility for educational activities and their quality, which in turn resulted in a more hierarchical organization. The article discusses the complexity associated with the interpretation and implementation of an educational reform and its effects.
本文关注的是2010年瑞典《国家教育法》和学前课程修订后,幼儿教师和幼儿工作者之间的责任和任务是如何分配的。该修订旨在通过赋予幼儿教师更多的责任来加强幼儿团队开展的教育活动,从而提高幼儿的教育质量。我们的总体目标是调查修订是否导致了由幼儿教师和幼儿工作者组成的幼儿团队在日常幼儿实践中责任和/或任务的重新分配。调查的基础是观察四个混合小组的日常工作、分析当地文件、实地谈话和与小组成员及其负责人的面谈。由于这些结果,责任和任务进行了一些重新分配。例如,所有的负责人都进行了组织变革,以使幼儿教师对教育活动及其质量承担更大的责任,这反过来又导致了一个更分层的组织。本文讨论了教育改革的解释和实施及其效果的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Alexander von Oettingen: Allmän didaktik – mellan normativitet och evidens. Lund: Studentlitteratur
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v5i1.10681
Ola Henricsson
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引用次数: 0
Mänskliga rättigheter som innehåll i undervisningen. 将人权作为教育内容。
Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v4i2.12037
Lotta Brantefors
The study presented here shows how eleven-year-old children learn about their rights. Drawing theoretically on the Didaktik tradition, the purpose of the paper is to examine and identify the motives and content in teacher planned human rights education. The analyses show that the main purpose for teaching about rights is social and ethical: Children should learn to respect others, become good fellow humans and not discriminate. The educational content is dominated by four content themes: rights, democracy, discrimination, and protection. The choice of website and societal situation determines how the content is expressed and which rights are emphasised. In particular, violations of rights and children’s protection are stressed. Finally the Convention on the Rights of the Child is emphasised rather than the Declaration of Human Rights, and concepts like human rights, children’s rights and children’s human rights are used equally. The main conclusion is that rights and democratic values are mixed and rights are used without precision. Rights are cognitively weak but strong ethically and socially and mostly used as tools for discussions and social actions.
这里展示的这项研究展示了11岁儿童如何了解自己的权利。从理论上借鉴Didaktik传统,本文的目的是考察和确定教师计划人权教育的动机和内容。分析表明,权利教育的主要目的是社会和伦理:孩子们应该学会尊重他人,成为好的人类同胞,而不是歧视。教育内容以权利、民主、歧视、保护四大内容主题为主。网站的选择和社会环境决定了内容如何表达和哪些权利被强调。特别强调了侵犯权利和保护儿童的问题。最后,强调的是《儿童权利公约》而不是《人权宣言》,人权、儿童权利和儿童人权等概念被平等地使用。主要结论是,权利和民主价值是混合的,权利的使用不精确。权利在认知上很弱,但在伦理和社会上很强大,主要被用作讨论和社会行动的工具。
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引用次数: 0
”Titta blåsippor!”
Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v8i1.10600
Jens Gardesten, Helena Ackesjö
School-age educare (fritidshem) was included in the Swedish education act in 2010 and received its own section in the national curriculum in 2016. From that point on, teaching in school-age educare was also linked to predefined core contents and abilities that the pupils are supposed to develop. At the same time, the curriculum states that teaching in school-age educare is to be based on “the pupils’ needs, interests and experiences”. In the article, this duality is discussed in relation to empirical findings from school-age educare teachers. The teachers describe situations when they pay attention to pupils’ doing and saying, and how this is transformed into teaching purposes. The findings are related to the concept of “phronesis”, while the teachers’ attention gets a significant meaning through that concept. Moreover, the findings indicate that “episteme knowledge” also needs to be emphasized in this form of student-centered education, as something necessary for school-age educare teachers to know.
学龄教育(fritidshem)于2010年被纳入瑞典教育法,并于2016年在国家课程中获得了自己的部分。从那时起,学龄教育的教学也与学生应该发展的预定核心内容和能力联系在一起。与此同时,课程规定学龄教育的教学应以“学生的需要、兴趣和经验”为基础。本文结合学龄教育教师的实证研究结果,对这种二元性进行了探讨。老师们描述了他们关注学生的言行时的情况,以及如何将其转化为教学目的。研究结果与“言语性”概念有关,教师的注意力通过“言语性”概念获得了重要的意义。此外,研究结果还表明,在这种以学生为中心的教育形式中,“知识”也需要得到强调,这是学龄教育教师必须知道的。
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引用次数: 0
Sources and variation of self-efficacy in cases of student teaching practicum 学生教学实习案例中自我效能感的来源及变化
Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v8i1.8683
H. Pitkäniemi, Timo Martikainen
The purpose of the study was to determine student teachers’ personal self-efficacy beliefs and their views on what type of “sources” were behind self-efficacy in a lesson that they had just undertaken. Very little research-based understanding exists on how student teacher self-efficacy is formed, based on individual teaching situations. In this study, 10 student teachers’ interview data associated with the lesson, along with observation data with field notes, were collected. The interviews of four student teachers focusing on the lesson highlighted small (N=2) or somewhat larger (N=2) variations in levels of self-efficacy. Six student teachers had stable self-efficacy (N=6). The findings suggest that, in contrast to the expression of rather stable self-efficacy, a proportion of student teachers had feelings suggesting lower self-efficacy from time to time, although in general their thinking was dominated by average or high teaching efficacy.
本研究的目的是确定学生教师的个人自我效能感信念,以及他们对自己刚刚上过的一节课中自我效能感背后的“来源”类型的看法。关于学生教师自我效能感是如何在个别教学情境下形成的,目前还没有基于研究的认识。本研究收集了10名学生教师与课程相关的访谈数据,以及现场笔记的观察数据。对四名专注于课程的实习教师的访谈突出了自我效能水平的小(N=2)或稍大(N=2)变化。6名实习教师具有稳定的自我效能感(N=6)。研究结果表明,与相当稳定的自我效能感的表达相反,一部分实习教师偶尔会有自我效能感较低的感觉,尽管他们的思维总体上以中等或较高的教学效能感为主。
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引用次数: 0
Att motverka sexuella trakasserier - en didaktisk fråga
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v8i1.6622
Liselotte Eek-Karlsson, Ragnar Olsson, Gunilla Gunnarsson
The aim of the present study is to contribute with knowledge about pupils’ views upon teachers’ teaching regarding the work of counteracting sexual harassment. 28 girls and 22 boys in secondary and upper secondary school were interviewed. The theoretical framework is based on an educational perspective and directed towards teachers’ work against oppression. More specifically it deals with the relationships between teacher and pupil, teacher and the knowledge content as well as the teaching process. The concept ‘teaching’ is understood as ‘teaching acts’ that are carried out both in formal teaching situations within specific lessons as well as in informal teaching situations in between the lessons. According to the pupils, a trusting climate between teachers and pupils is an essential condition for counteracting sexual harassment successfully. The result also shows that the knowledge content usually is mediated, as in traditional school practice, from the teacher to the pupils in specific lessons. The pupils find these fact-based lessons both relevant and irrelevant. Some lessons are based on the pupils’ own experiences and on limiting gender norms in society and in school. These lessons have a dialogical approach, where the teachers and pupils learn together based on a good relationship.
本研究旨在了解学生对教师反性骚扰工作的看法。对中学和高中的28名女生和22名男生进行了采访。该理论框架基于教育视角,并针对教师的反压迫工作。更具体地说,它涉及教师与学生、教师与知识内容以及教学过程之间的关系。“教学”的概念被理解为“教学行为”,既在特定课程的正式教学情境中进行,也在课程之间的非正式教学情境中进行。学生们表示,师生之间的信任氛围是成功应对性骚扰的必要条件。结果还表明,在传统的学校实践中,知识内容通常是中介的,在特定的课程中,从老师到学生。学生们发现这些以事实为基础的课程既相关又不相关。有些课程是基于学生自己的经历,以及限制社会和学校中的性别规范。这些课程采用对话的方式,教师和学生基于良好的关系一起学习。
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引用次数: 1
Perspektiv på handledning och den handleddes roller i lärarutbildningens verksamhetsförlagda delar
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v8i1.6625
Eva Taflin, Jörgen Dimenäs
Within teacher education supervision of teacher students is a central and appreciated element. It is also witnessed as a dilemma when the academy meets supervisors in schools with different perspectives and expectations. The area of interest of the present study is to identify different perspectives on supervision roles among supervisors and teacher students in relation to expectation, power and influence. The question is how we can describe and understand the roles of teacher students from different supervision perspectives during work integrated learning activities at schools. A conceptual starting point has been taken from Foucault’s power perspective and empirical data is related to analysis of interviews and documents. The results from the study shows that the roles of teacher students can be understood on the basis of subordinated management and a lower degree of scientific approach and are referred to roles as assistants and apprentices. Secondly, the roles can be understood as equal management based on a higher degree of scientific approach and be referred to as colleagues and co-researchers. One conclusion is that the four ways of understanding the different roles of teacher students are something that should be understood over time and that the roles can vary from situation to situation.
在教师教育中,对教师学生的监督是一个核心和受重视的因素。当学院遇到有着不同观点和期望的学校主管时,这也是一种困境。本研究的目的在于找出督导者与师生在期望、权力与影响方面对督导角色的不同看法。问题是我们如何从不同的监督角度来描述和理解教师在学校工作整合学习活动中的角色。从福柯的权力视角出发是一个概念的起点,经验数据与访谈和文献分析有关。研究结果表明,师生角色可以在从属管理和较低程度的科学方法的基础上理解,称为助手和徒弟角色。其次,角色可以理解为基于更高程度的科学方法的平等管理,称为同事和共同研究人员。一个结论是,理解教师学生不同角色的四种方式是应该随着时间的推移而理解的,并且角色可以因情况而异。
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引用次数: 0
”Var i kroppen känns språken liksom?” Fyra flerspråkiga lärares reflektioner över yngre elevers språkliga identitetskonstruktioner
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.57126/noad.v7i1.6592
Sara Snoder
Alltfler lärare och elever i Sveriges grundskolor talar fler språk än endast svenska och engelska. Trots det är flerspråkig användning i skolans tidiga år i svenska klassrum relativt outforskad. Syftet med föreliggande artikel är att med hjälp av så kallade språkporträtt (Busch, 2017, 2018) belysa flerspråkiga grundskollärares reflektioner över sina elevers flerspråkighet och språkliga identitetskonstruktioner. Artikeln baseras på ett forskningsprojekt med en lingvistiskt etnografisk ansats vid två grundskolor med hög andel flerspråkiga elever och lärare, och här specifikt i tre klasser i årskurs 2 och 4. Det empiriska materialet består av fältanteckningar från observation av de flerspråkiga lärarnas modellering av den forskarinitierade aktiviteten (språkporträtt) med uppföljande audioinspelade lärarreflektionssamtal. I lärarnas reflektionssamtal framkom att de hade god kännedom om sina elevers språkliga repertoarer. Det som förvånade lärarna var i huvudsak att en del flerspråkiga elever endast angivit ett språk i sitt språkporträtt, samt att en del elever med svenska som enda modersmål verkar vilja lägga till fler språk till sin repertoar. De flerspråkiga lärarnas reflektioner visar på en känslomässig förståelse utifrån sina erfarenheter i relation till den egna flerspråkigheten. Den här specifika användningen av språkporträtt kan ge ökad kunskap om (fler)språkiga identitetskonstruktioner, samtidigt som de kan visa på komplexitet avseende flerspråkighet.
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Nordisk Tidskrift för Allmän Didaktik
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