Muhammad H. Rasheed, Amir Rafique, Usama Kalim, Faid Gul
The current study focuses on some of the most commonly relied upon biases in decision making. The study aimed at understanding the influence of herding, overconfidence, anchoring, and loss aversion on the decision-making style of investor besides it also investigates the role of financial literacy, since the traditional paradigm of finance is of the view that the knowledge of finance is directly associated with the degree of irrational outcomes. To explore this linkage data from investors trading at Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad is gathered. Structural equation modeling is used for establishing the proposed associations. The results revealed that behavioral biases significantly impact the decision-making of investors. The results of moderation analysis presented that financial literacy plays a major role in de-biasing decision making. These findings can be extremely useful for investors, policymakers, and investment professionals. Not only to make optimal decision-making but also by providing a deeper understanding of the daily life stock market behavior.
{"title":"Elucidating the Impact of behavioral biases in Pakistan Stock Market: Moderating Impact of Financial Literacy","authors":"Muhammad H. Rasheed, Amir Rafique, Usama Kalim, Faid Gul","doi":"10.29145/jqm.52.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/jqm.52.06","url":null,"abstract":"The current study focuses on some of the most commonly relied upon biases in decision making. The study aimed at understanding the influence of herding, overconfidence, anchoring, and loss aversion on the decision-making style of investor besides it also investigates the role of financial literacy, since the traditional paradigm of finance is of the view that the knowledge of finance is directly associated with the degree of irrational outcomes. To explore this linkage data from investors trading at Lahore, Karachi, and Islamabad is gathered. Structural equation modeling is used for establishing the proposed associations. The results revealed that behavioral biases significantly impact the decision-making of investors. The results of moderation analysis presented that financial literacy plays a major role in de-biasing decision making. These findings can be extremely useful for investors, policymakers, and investment professionals. Not only to make optimal decision-making but also by providing a deeper understanding of the daily life stock market behavior.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"677 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133333430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syed Muhammad Fahim, A. Rehman, Saima Munawar, Sardar Muhammad Nawaz
This study measures the impact of the fairness of price, quality of food, and quality of service on revisit intention of Chinese restaurants' consumers, mediated by consumer satisfaction. Purposive sampling technique is used for data collection along with snowball sampling technique. Two hundred questionnaires were answered through online Google forms. The analysis of the collected data is executed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The descriptive statistics are analyzed by SPSS software, and the influential statistics are analyzed by Smart PLS software. The analyses' findings concluded that food quality has a highly noticeable impact on consumers' revisit intention. Quality of service and Fairness of price also has a prominent effect on the consumer's revisit intention. Limitations and recommendations are also mentioned at the end of the study.
{"title":"Thinking of Going Canting Again: A Study of Revisit Intention to Chinese Restaurants","authors":"Syed Muhammad Fahim, A. Rehman, Saima Munawar, Sardar Muhammad Nawaz","doi":"10.29145/2020/jqm/52/02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2020/jqm/52/02","url":null,"abstract":"This study measures the impact of the fairness of price, quality of food, and quality of service on revisit intention of Chinese restaurants' consumers, mediated by consumer satisfaction. Purposive sampling technique is used for data collection along with snowball sampling technique. Two hundred questionnaires were answered through online Google forms. The analysis of the collected data is executed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The descriptive statistics are analyzed by SPSS software, and the influential statistics are analyzed by Smart PLS software. The analyses' findings concluded that food quality has a highly noticeable impact on consumers' revisit intention. Quality of service and Fairness of price also has a prominent effect on the consumer's revisit intention. Limitations and recommendations are also mentioned at the end of the study.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130405446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Remittances are a significant source of foreign income in Pakistan. In order to maintain the level of remittances stables there is need to explore the significant determinants of worker’s remittances. Therefore, LASSO technique is adopted to define the potential features of worker remittances. ARDL bound test has been applied to explore the long run and short run effect of potential determinants on workers’ remittances. The results suggest in the long run the internal conflicts and investment return of Pakistan have negative, whereas, the real effective exchange rate, external conflicts and major agricultural crops have positive impact on workers’ remittances of Pakistan.
{"title":"Exploring the Determinants of Worker’s Remittances: An Application of LASSO Technique","authors":"Hafsa Hina, Fareed Ullah","doi":"10.29145/2020/jqm/52/03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2020/jqm/52/03","url":null,"abstract":"Remittances are a significant source of foreign income in Pakistan. In order to maintain the level of remittances stables there is need to explore the significant determinants of worker’s remittances. Therefore, LASSO technique is adopted to define the potential features of worker remittances. ARDL bound test has been applied to explore the long run and short run effect of potential determinants on workers’ remittances. The results suggest in the long run the internal conflicts and investment return of Pakistan have negative, whereas, the real effective exchange rate, external conflicts and major agricultural crops have positive impact on workers’ remittances of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129289456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This empirical study investigates the effect of the bank-specific determinants of bank profitability on the default risk of the banks listed on the Stock Exchange of Pakistan. For this purpose, the study considers balanced panel data covering the period 2009-2018 for the 20 selected commercial banks of Pakistan, and the probability of default is used to measure the default risk of these banks. The bank profitability is measured using bank-specific determinants such as the net interest margin, non-interest income to total assets, return on assets, return on equity, and spread ratios. The empirical findings of the fixed effects model reported that net interest margin, non-interest income, and spread ratio are the significant determinants of default risk. The findings highlight that the bank profitability determinants can act as early warning signs of a bank’s deteriorating stability level. The study recommended that the central bank of Pakistan should guide the commercial banks to disclose the probability of default values in their financial reports. The study also suggested that the risk management department of a bank should consider these bank-specific determinants of profitability to manage default risk.
{"title":"Impact of Bank Profitability on Default Risk: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Waqar Khalid, Saifullah Khan, Anum Zahra, N. Shah","doi":"10.29145/2020/jqm/52/01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2020/jqm/52/01","url":null,"abstract":"This empirical study investigates the effect of the bank-specific determinants of bank profitability on the default risk of the banks listed on the Stock Exchange of Pakistan. For this purpose, the study considers balanced panel data covering the period 2009-2018 for the 20 selected commercial banks of Pakistan, and the probability of default is used to measure the default risk of these banks. The bank profitability is measured using bank-specific determinants such as the net interest margin, non-interest income to total assets, return on assets, return on equity, and spread ratios. The empirical findings of the fixed effects model reported that net interest margin, non-interest income, and spread ratio are the significant determinants of default risk. The findings highlight that the bank profitability determinants can act as early warning signs of a bank’s deteriorating stability level. The study recommended that the central bank of Pakistan should guide the commercial banks to disclose the probability of default values in their financial reports. The study also suggested that the risk management department of a bank should consider these bank-specific determinants of profitability to manage default risk.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123044589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.29145/2021/JQM/050106
K. Subair, I. Adekunle
Despite a large and growing list of studies on COVID-19 across space and time and on heterogeneous social, environmental and welfare issues, the empirical relations on the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic and Africa’s market capitalization objectives remain dimly discerned. Even more worrisome is Africa, where the condition for growth and development has not been adequately fulfilled. This structural ambiguity calls for a policy document that is evidence-based to reach conclusions to aid the containment, risk analysis, structures and features of the deadly and fast-spreading disease. This study employed negative binomial and the Poisson regression to establish the contemporaneous influence of COVID-19 pandemic on market capitalization capabilities in Africa. Health data from various reports of the World Health Organization (WHO) is regressed on the all-share index from World Development Indicators (WDI) to establish a clear line of thought. It is found that the growth of confirmed cases and attributable deaths are inversely related to the growth in market capitalization in Africa. The findings from this study show that Africa market capitalization is inversely related to total growth in the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 and attributable COVID-19 deaths. This leads to the assertion that Africa’s capital market is fast nosediving in the time of COVID-19 due to global uncertainties caused by the pandemic. With no known cure or vaccine procedure discovered yet, the global uncertainty around the novel coronavirus disease will lead to approximately 0.56 percentage decrease in market capitalization in Africa. To this end, emphases must be laid on identifying and including non-traditional sources of financing strictly tied to projects that could encourage institutional investors. It is therefore equally imperative for Africa to form a formidable and integrated capital market among themselves. Keywords: market capitalization; COVID-19 pandemic, negative binomial Regression, poisson, Regression, Africa JEL Classification: C10, C31, G15, I12
{"title":"Forecasting COVID-19 Pandemic and Capital Market Efficiency in Africa","authors":"K. Subair, I. Adekunle","doi":"10.29145/2021/JQM/050106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2021/JQM/050106","url":null,"abstract":"Despite a large and growing list of studies on COVID-19 across space and time and on heterogeneous social, environmental and welfare issues, the empirical relations on the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic and Africa’s market capitalization objectives remain dimly discerned. Even more worrisome is Africa, where the condition for growth and development has not been adequately fulfilled. This structural ambiguity calls for a policy document that is evidence-based to reach conclusions to aid the containment, risk analysis, structures and features of the deadly and fast-spreading disease. This study employed negative binomial and the Poisson regression to establish the contemporaneous influence of COVID-19 pandemic on market capitalization capabilities in Africa. Health data from various reports of the World Health Organization (WHO) is regressed on the all-share index from World Development Indicators (WDI) to establish a clear line of thought. It is found that the growth of confirmed cases and attributable deaths are inversely related to the growth in market capitalization in Africa. The findings from this study show that Africa market capitalization is inversely related to total growth in the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 and attributable COVID-19 deaths. This leads to the assertion that Africa’s capital market is fast nosediving in the time of COVID-19 due to global uncertainties caused by the pandemic. With no known cure or vaccine procedure discovered yet, the global uncertainty around the novel coronavirus disease will lead to approximately 0.56 percentage decrease in market capitalization in Africa. To this end, emphases must be laid on identifying and including non-traditional sources of financing strictly tied to projects that could encourage institutional investors. It is therefore equally imperative for Africa to form a formidable and integrated capital market among themselves. \u0000Keywords: market capitalization; COVID-19 pandemic, negative binomial Regression, poisson, Regression, Africa \u0000JEL Classification: C10, C31, G15, I12","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130378802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-02DOI: 10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040106
T. Majeed, Amna Malik
More equal economic, social and political rights for women have long been part of civil and political right movements. It is widely believed that women’s rights are important for greater economic prosperity, good governance and social equality. However, women are still being discriminated in many parts of the world. How women’s rights can be protected? To answer this question, the literature has highlighted the importance of free media in promoting women’s rights. The extant literature on media and women rights, however, is largely limited to descriptive analysis and theoretical arguments. Moreover, the available evidence is confined to few case studies and anecdotal stories, which cannot be generalized globally. This study contributes in the literature by empirically investigating the relationship of press freedom with women empowerment using a large panel of 160 countries from 1996 to 2011. For empirical analysis, the ordered logit method is used. The empirical finding confirms that press freedom is an effective tool to empower women’s economic, political and social rights. Findings of the study are shown to be robust to different specifications, sub-samples, regional controls and different forms of women empowerment. JEL Classifications Codes: C23, J16, Z10
{"title":"Panel Data Analysis of Press Freedom and Women Empowerment","authors":"T. Majeed, Amna Malik","doi":"10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040106","url":null,"abstract":"More equal economic, social and political rights for women have long been part of civil and political right movements. It is widely believed that women’s rights are important for greater economic prosperity, good governance and social equality. However, women are still being discriminated in many parts of the world. How women’s rights can be protected? To answer this question, the literature has highlighted the importance of free media in promoting women’s rights. The extant literature on media and women rights, however, is largely limited to descriptive analysis and theoretical arguments. Moreover, the available evidence is confined to few case studies and anecdotal stories, which cannot be generalized globally. This study contributes in the literature by empirically investigating the relationship of press freedom with women empowerment using a large panel of 160 countries from 1996 to 2011. For empirical analysis, the ordered logit method is used. The empirical finding confirms that press freedom is an effective tool to empower women’s economic, political and social rights. Findings of the study are shown to be robust to different specifications, sub-samples, regional controls and different forms of women empowerment. \u0000JEL Classifications Codes: C23, J16, Z10","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"252 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115640583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-02DOI: 10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040105
Syed Asfand Yar Shah, Naeem Ahmad, W. Aslam, B. Subhani
This review emphasized the relationship among capital formation, economic growth, exports and imports in case of Pakistan scenario using time series data from 1976 to 2015. Augmented Dickey Fuller Test, Johansen Co-integration, Vector error correction model and Granger Causality techniques have been used to check the relationships among exports, imports and economic growth. The results from this study show that the exports, imports, real GDP and gross fixed capital formation have a long run relationship and are co-integrated. This study uses the data of Pakistan and concludes that GDP doesn’t granger cause with the export and import while export and imports do granger cause with the GDP in the long run. Finding of the study also displays that physical capital formation has no impression over GDP. Previous study shows the positive relation among exports, imports, capital formation and economic growth while this study shows that in the long run capital formation and economic growth has no effect. Government subsidizes the exports and also increases the duty bills on imports that help boost the domestic industries manufacture the goods and motivate to produce the best quality of goods. JEL codes: F2, O47
{"title":"An Analysis of the Relationships among Exports, Imports, Physical Capital and Economic Growth in Pakistan","authors":"Syed Asfand Yar Shah, Naeem Ahmad, W. Aslam, B. Subhani","doi":"10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040105","url":null,"abstract":"This review emphasized the relationship among capital formation, economic growth, exports and imports in case of Pakistan scenario using time series data from 1976 to 2015. Augmented Dickey Fuller Test, Johansen Co-integration, Vector error correction model and Granger Causality techniques have been used to check the relationships among exports, imports and economic growth. The results from this study show that the exports, imports, real GDP and gross fixed capital formation have a long run relationship and are co-integrated. This study uses the data of Pakistan and concludes that GDP doesn’t granger cause with the export and import while export and imports do granger cause with the GDP in the long run. Finding of the study also displays that physical capital formation has no impression over GDP. Previous study shows the positive relation among exports, imports, capital formation and economic growth while this study shows that in the long run capital formation and economic growth has no effect. Government subsidizes the exports and also increases the duty bills on imports that help boost the domestic industries manufacture the goods and motivate to produce the best quality of goods. \u0000JEL codes: F2, O47","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122442533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-02DOI: 10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040107
Hina Ali, Imran Sharif
This study analyzes the nexus of investment, poverty and growth in Pakistan. It will develop comprehensive macro economic model of Pakistan economy with the desire of amplification and provided that a long-term result for the determined investment-poverty-growth discrepancy veterans. The significant level of investment and sustained economic growth may be the major driving forces for poverty decrease in Pakistan. The level of investment also assists the poor through a direct allocation influence as well as tortuous growth effect, in both the long run and short run. To detect the long term and short term effects of economic development, poverty and investment, an ARDL modeling approach to co- integration is functional, which is the suitable technique in excess of method of integration after examining the stationary level of the data through ADF Test. The bound testing approach is exploited for cointegration to analyze the presence of long term association amid variables and ECM models are verbalized for short term analysis. The model is predictable with time-series data from 1972 to 2013 confine mutually the long-run and short-run forceful goods of the economy. The model is subjected to a sequence of strategy situation that assesses a mixture of options for government to recover the prolific ability of the economy, thus attain continued hasten growth and a decrease in Pakistan`s poverty. JEL Classification Codes: G12, G 14
{"title":"Investment, Poverty and Growth Nexus in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence from ARDL Modeling Approach to Co-Integration","authors":"Hina Ali, Imran Sharif","doi":"10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/10.29145/2020/JQM/040107","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the nexus of investment, poverty and growth in Pakistan. It will develop comprehensive macro economic model of Pakistan economy with the desire of amplification and provided that a long-term result for the determined investment-poverty-growth discrepancy veterans. The significant level of investment and sustained economic growth may be the major driving forces for poverty decrease in Pakistan. The level of investment also assists the poor through a direct allocation influence as well as tortuous growth effect, in both the long run and short run. To detect the long term and short term effects of economic development, poverty and investment, an ARDL modeling approach to co- integration is functional, which is the suitable technique in excess of method of integration after examining the stationary level of the data through ADF Test. The bound testing approach is exploited for cointegration to analyze the presence of long term association amid variables and ECM models are verbalized for short term analysis. The model is predictable with time-series data from 1972 to 2013 confine mutually the long-run and short-run forceful goods of the economy. The model is subjected to a sequence of strategy situation that assesses a mixture of options for government to recover the prolific ability of the economy, thus attain continued hasten growth and a decrease in Pakistan`s poverty. \u0000JEL Classification Codes: G12, G 14","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133695343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.29145/2019/JQM/030202
Sana Ullah, Ahmed Usman, Muhammad Imran
We document past, present, and future of FDI trend in recent decades that goes substantially beyond the advanced economies. This rigorous study also examines the influence of FDI on economic growth using macro variables for a global perspective. Six macro variables namely, FDI, physical capital, trade, human capital, labor force, and infrastructure were used in this study. We did a panel analysis on data from 2002 to 2017 and used rigorous two-way fixed effect model. This study finds that both FDI and trade openness enhance economic growth. Open door policies are more beneficial for the entire world; capital also plays a significant role in this process. Further, FDI plays a role with human capital but vocational training, skilled labor force and education are the most important factors to attract FDI. In the last decade, overall sub-Saharan African, EU and Central Asia, Latin America and Caribbean regions have observed a significant economic growth through FDI. The future of FDI in a high populated area is very gleaming. The overall result indicates that FDI accelerates economic growth in the globe.
{"title":"The Past, Present, and Future of FDI: Towards a better Global Economics","authors":"Sana Ullah, Ahmed Usman, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.29145/2019/JQM/030202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2019/JQM/030202","url":null,"abstract":"We document past, present, and future of FDI trend in recent decades that goes substantially beyond the advanced economies. This rigorous study also examines the influence of FDI on economic growth using macro variables for a global perspective. Six macro variables namely, FDI, physical capital, trade, human capital, labor force, and infrastructure were used in this study. We did a panel analysis on data from 2002 to 2017 and used rigorous two-way fixed effect model. This study finds that both FDI and trade openness enhance economic growth. Open door policies are more beneficial for the entire world; capital also plays a significant role in this process. Further, FDI plays a role with human capital but vocational training, skilled labor force and education are the most important factors to attract FDI. In the last decade, overall sub-Saharan African, EU and Central Asia, Latin America and Caribbean regions have observed a significant economic growth through FDI. The future of FDI in a high populated area is very gleaming. The overall result indicates that FDI accelerates economic growth in the globe.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133998942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-31DOI: 10.29145/2019/JQM/030204
Nida Khan, M. Aslam
Bayesian estimation for location parameter of the inverse Gaussian distribution is presented in this paper. Noninformative priors (Uniform and Jeffreys) are assumed to be the prior distributions for the location parameter as the shape parameter of the distribution is considered to be known. Four loss functions: Squared error, Trigonometric, Squared logarithmic and Linex are used for estimation. Bayes risks are obtained to find the best Bayes estimator through simulation study and real life data
{"title":"Statistical Analysis of Location Parameter of Inverse Gaussian Distribution Under Noninformative Priors","authors":"Nida Khan, M. Aslam","doi":"10.29145/2019/JQM/030204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2019/JQM/030204","url":null,"abstract":"Bayesian estimation for location parameter of the inverse Gaussian distribution is presented in this paper. Noninformative priors (Uniform and Jeffreys) are assumed to be the prior distributions for the location parameter as the shape parameter of the distribution is considered to be known. Four loss functions: Squared error, Trigonometric, Squared logarithmic and Linex are used for estimation. Bayes risks are obtained to find the best Bayes estimator through simulation study and real life data","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"28 28","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113941484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：