Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.29145/2018/JQM/020204
H. Siddique, S. Usman, Junaid Ishaq
The study investigates financial development and economic growth nexus, incorporating use of energy resources for Pakistan for 1980-2016, using Johansen co-integration and granger causality approach. The results of Johansen test for co-integration show the link between financial development, energy and economic growth in the long time span. The findings of granger causation test uncovered a two-way causality between capital and economic growth. The one-way causality exists from economic growth in energy and financial development. The findings also exposed the one-way causality from capital formation and exports to use of energy. The government should take steps to make financial sectors stronger as it has a great role in increasing the growth of an economy.
{"title":"Financial Development and Economic Growth: The Role of Energy Consumption","authors":"H. Siddique, S. Usman, Junaid Ishaq","doi":"10.29145/2018/JQM/020204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2018/JQM/020204","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates financial development and economic growth nexus, incorporating use of energy resources for Pakistan for 1980-2016, using Johansen co-integration and granger causality approach. The results of Johansen test for co-integration show the link between financial development, energy and economic growth in the long time span. The findings of granger causation test uncovered a two-way causality between capital and economic growth. The one-way causality exists from economic growth in energy and financial development. The findings also exposed the one-way causality from capital formation and exports to use of energy. The government should take steps to make financial sectors stronger as it has a great role in increasing the growth of an economy.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128285486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.29145/2018/jqm/020201
Khalid Rasheed Al Adeem
{"title":"Role of Quantitative Methods in Quantifying \"Reality\" Objectively","authors":"Khalid Rasheed Al Adeem","doi":"10.29145/2018/jqm/020201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2018/jqm/020201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127438889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.29145/2018/jqm/020205
Debesh Bhowmik
Generally, the economic growth boosts employment growth rate but empirical evidences do not support these views in all cases. In this paper, the author endeavors to relate growth with unemployment rate during 1991-2016 in India using regression models, Granger Causality test, Johansen Cointegration test and Vector Error Correction model. Impulse response functions were fitted for testing stationary. Unit circle was found out to check stability of the Vector Error Correction. Output gap is measured by deducting Hodrick-Prescott Filtered trend value from the actual output. Unemployment gap is measured by deducting natural growth rate of unemployment from the actual unemployment rate. The data on Indian unemployment rate, growth rate and GDP from 1991 to 2016 have been taken from the World Bank. The paper concludes that growth-unemployment nexus is significantly negative at 10% level. Their relation is not causal but is co-integrated at 10% level. VECM is stable and non-stationary where in one error correction process the speed of adjustment is high and significant. The relation between output gap and unemployment is negative and insignificant. They are not co-integrated and have no causality. The nexus between output gap and unemployment gap is significantly negative but the relation has no causality and co-integration. VAR model is a good fit where variables are related with previous periods. The relation between growth and unemployment gap is insignificantly negative and co-integrated where VECM is stable but non-stationary and one speed of adjustment is significantly fast and other is insignificantly slow in error correction process.
{"title":"Econometric Test on Growth-Unemployment Nexus in India","authors":"Debesh Bhowmik","doi":"10.29145/2018/jqm/020205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2018/jqm/020205","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, the economic growth boosts employment growth rate but empirical evidences do not support these views in all cases. In this paper, the author endeavors to relate growth with unemployment rate during 1991-2016 in India using regression models, Granger Causality test, Johansen Cointegration test and Vector Error Correction model. Impulse response functions were fitted for testing stationary. Unit circle was found out to check stability of the Vector Error Correction. Output gap is measured by deducting Hodrick-Prescott Filtered trend value from the actual output. Unemployment gap is measured by deducting natural growth rate of unemployment from the actual unemployment rate. The data on Indian unemployment rate, growth rate and GDP from 1991 to 2016 have been taken from the World Bank. The paper concludes that growth-unemployment nexus is significantly negative at 10% level. Their relation is not causal but is co-integrated at 10% level. VECM is stable and non-stationary where in one error correction process the speed of adjustment is high and significant. The relation between output gap and unemployment is negative and insignificant. They are not co-integrated and have no causality. The nexus between output gap and unemployment gap is significantly negative but the relation has no causality and co-integration. VAR model is a good fit where variables are related with previous periods. The relation between growth and unemployment gap is insignificantly negative and co-integrated where VECM is stable but non-stationary and one speed of adjustment is significantly fast and other is insignificantly slow in error correction process.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"473 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116191163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.29145/2018/JQM/020202
Malik Muhammad, U. Riaz
Given the importance of international trade in the economic performance of a country, voluminous research work has been carried out on the determinants of aggregate exports and imports. The present study departs from the conventional approach by analyzing demand of imports in a commodity-wise disaggregated fashion. As different products respond differently to trade policies and exchange rates, therefore policy makers can focus on the particular products when designing their policies for imports. Specifically, this study attempts to analyze the impact of prices, income level, foreign exchange reserves, exchange rate and trade liberalization program on 26 commodities defined by SITC 3-digit classification in which Pakistan has been most often a net importer. Using data for the period 1982 to 2010, GMM estimates reveal inelastic response of the major commodities to their own prices and are growth driven.
{"title":"Disaggregated Imports Demand Functions: An Empirical Analysis for Pakistan","authors":"Malik Muhammad, U. Riaz","doi":"10.29145/2018/JQM/020202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2018/JQM/020202","url":null,"abstract":"Given the importance of international trade in the economic performance of a country, voluminous research work has been carried out on the determinants of aggregate exports and imports. The present study departs from the conventional approach by analyzing demand of imports in a commodity-wise disaggregated fashion. As different products respond differently to trade policies and exchange rates, therefore policy makers can focus on the particular products when designing their policies for imports. Specifically, this study attempts to analyze the impact of prices, income level, foreign exchange reserves, exchange rate and trade liberalization program on 26 commodities defined by SITC 3-digit classification in which Pakistan has been most often a net importer. Using data for the period 1982 to 2010, GMM estimates reveal inelastic response of the major commodities to their own prices and are growth driven.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128773303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.29145/2018/JQM/020203
A. H. G. Dutse, M. Aliyu
The study aimed at examining the relationship between cost leadership strategy, market orientation and business performance of manufacturing, Small and Medium Enterprise performance (SMEs). A quantitative survey method was employed, using a cross-sectional research design. The data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from a sample of 287 respondents. The study indicated that SMEs are essential to the economic growth of Nigeria; because they serve as an indispensable source of employment generation. SMEs contribute immensely towards the formation of industries, enhanced capital accumulation, served as an intermediary for goods, and assist in the uplifting the living standard through the provision of variety of products and services. The research model used in this survey was designed in line with the theoretical evidence which in turn lead to the correlation between the research variables. The study employed the Multiple regression method; the findings indicated that cost leadership strategy and market orientation has a significant positive relationship with the performance of SMEs. The discussion provided some limitations and offer suggestions for future research directions.
{"title":"Cost Leadership, Market Orientation and Business Performance: An Empirical Investigation","authors":"A. H. G. Dutse, M. Aliyu","doi":"10.29145/2018/JQM/020203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2018/JQM/020203","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed at examining the relationship between cost leadership strategy, market orientation and business performance of manufacturing, Small and Medium Enterprise performance (SMEs). A quantitative survey method was employed, using a cross-sectional research design. The data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from a sample of 287 respondents. The study indicated that SMEs are essential to the economic growth of Nigeria; because they serve as an indispensable source of employment generation. SMEs contribute immensely towards the formation of industries, enhanced capital accumulation, served as an intermediary for goods, and assist in the uplifting the living standard through the provision of variety of products and services. The research model used in this survey was designed in line with the theoretical evidence which in turn lead to the correlation between the research variables. The study employed the Multiple regression method; the findings indicated that cost leadership strategy and market orientation has a significant positive relationship with the performance of SMEs. The discussion provided some limitations and offer suggestions for future research directions.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134410356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.29145/2018/JQM/020207
Saurav Roychoudhury
Portfolio managers and investors strive to achieve the best possible trade-off between risk and return, and one of the tools they use is constructing mean-variance efficient portfolios. Finance students learn about optimal portfolios and efficient frontiers, though it is difficult to replicate them unless they have access to sophisticated software. This paper develops a teaching module that uses Microsoft Excel® to create mean-variance portfolios and traces out the efficient frontier using real-world data. In the process, the students learn to determine optimal investment allocations in a portfolio, select the optimum investment portfolio given investor’s objectives and preferences and learn about factors that influence different asset allocations. For multiple assets (N>3), the paper uses Matrix algebra in Excel®. The paper enables students and investors to learn how to construct real-world mean-variance efficient portfolios using Excel®.
{"title":"Creating Optimal Portfolio and the Efficient Frontier Using Microsoft Excel ®","authors":"Saurav Roychoudhury","doi":"10.29145/2018/JQM/020207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/2018/JQM/020207","url":null,"abstract":"Portfolio managers and investors strive to achieve the best possible trade-off between risk and return, and one of the tools they use is constructing mean-variance efficient portfolios. Finance students learn about optimal portfolios and efficient frontiers, though it is difficult to replicate them unless they have access to sophisticated software. This paper develops a teaching module that uses Microsoft Excel® to create mean-variance portfolios and traces out the efficient frontier using real-world data. In the process, the students learn to determine optimal investment allocations in a portfolio, select the optimum investment portfolio given investor’s objectives and preferences and learn about factors that influence different asset allocations. For multiple assets (N>3), the paper uses Matrix algebra in Excel®. The paper enables students and investors to learn how to construct real-world mean-variance efficient portfolios using Excel®.","PeriodicalId":212366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Methods","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130634894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：