Revista de igiena, bacteriologie, virusologie, parazitologie, epidemiologie, pneumoftiziologie. Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia最新文献

The development of the methyl red reaction (MR) in Klebsielleae, analyzed during a 4-day thermostatting, showed important pH-variations. Two steps are distinguished during the reaction dynamics: the former of acidification, common to all Enterobacteriaceae and the latter of alkaline reversion, specific to Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Serratia and other MR germs. The processes determining the alkaline reversion are conditioned by the presence of large amounts of air/oxygen (aerobic processes). In this situation, the lack of oxygen and maintenance of a relative degree of anaerobiosis block realkalinization (media covered with paraffin oil) whereas the large aeration stimulates it (optimum ratio between the large contact surface and a small volume of medium). Alkaline reversion cannot be explained by the more or less intense process of glucose fermentation but by degradations of nitrogenized substances with formation of amines, ammonia, and other basic compounds. That is why the analysis of the reaction mechanism of methyl red has to consider the characteristics of the catabolism of the nitrogenized substances and the intense realkalinization capacity of the culture medium proper to Klebsielleae but poorly expressed and non efficient in Enterobacteriaceae.

During the period January 1985-July 1988, 532 purulent CSF taken from patients with meningitis, aged between 3 weeks and 91 years, were studied by microscopic examination, cultivation and for H. influenzae type B (HITB) also by coagglutination (COA), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and double immunodiffusion (DID) in agarose gel. Positive CSFs were taken from the patients aged 1 month-24 years old, of which 76% from children under 5 years old, and 42% from children under one year. 65.9% of the patients were males; the disease was more frequent in the first and last 4 months of the year, with the highest incidence in April. 12 bacterial spectra were found: N. meningitidis--62.97%, Str. pneumoniae--9.77%, H. influenzae type B--8.27%, and also Salmonella, E. coli, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, Alcaligenes, Proteus and Enterobacter in 4.70; the rest of 14.28% had indefinite etiology. H. influenzae was evidenced in CSF by microscopic examination in 3.38%, by cultivation in 3.94%, and the soluble antigen of HITB by COA in 8.27%, by CIE in 8.08% and by DID in 7.33%. The sensibility order of the tests was: COA, CIE, DID, cultivation and microscopic examination. The COA and CIE techniques are recommended for the current use in examination of the purulent CSF due to their simplicity, rapidity, sensibility, specificity and possibility of establishing the diagnosis when the bacteriologic techniques are negative.

The paper reports on the biochemical characteristics and the antibiotic resistant phenotypes in 18 strains of H. influenza (17 b serotype and a strain of c serotype) isolated from the CSF of the patients with purulent meningitis. The following were found: --all the 16 viable strains have homogeneous biochemical characteristics, typical for H. influenza; --the viable strains were: 7 biotype, 4 biotype II, 1 biotype III, 3 biotype IV and 1 biotype VII; --68.8% of the strains had the following antibiotic resistant phenotypes: Ap, Km, Rf, ApKm, ApRf, ApKmTc, ApKmRfT and ApCmFrKmRfTc; --the strains of the biotypes II and IV have the highest resistance to antibiotics, as concerns frequency and phenotype; --the frequency of the resistant strains is of 56.2% for ampicilline, 18.7% for tetracycline, 31.2% for rifampicine and 6.2% for cholarmphenicol.

A study of the vaccinal antecedents on a representative group of children between 12 and 45 months in the district 3 of Bucharest showed that there exists a certain and direct correlation between the number of simultaneous DTP/VPOT administrations programmed in the immunization scheme and the vaccinal coverage with I DTP revaccination at the minimum age recommended. Administration of VPOT at the ages of 3, 5 and 11 months, simultaneously with the corresponding doses of DTP is the most efficient immunization scheme with these vaccines, in order to proceed to steady rate of antipoliomyelitis vaccination.

The present paper reports data referring to the mechanism of the CNS degenerating process of prion origin, the role of the biological timing in prion diseases, the interrelations between the prion diseases and Alzheimer's disease, new data on the normal cell protein PrPc and prion protein in the PrPsc scrapie, the physico-chemical properties of the prion PrP-RN Am properties the presence of the nucleic acid in the structure of prion, interrelations between prion and AIDS/VISNA retroviruses. The paper underlines the importance, for the next decade of the molecular biology studies for clearing up: the complete structure of prion, the prion multiplication, the role of nucleic acid for the infectivity, at the molecular level, and molecular epidemiology of these cases.

The stimulatory effect was evaluated, of an ethanol extraction obtained from a pathogenic strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa type XV. It was noted that this extract, commercially known as "Cantastim" has mitogenic effects in vitro for mouse lymphocytes, but not for those of humans or of guinea pigs. It activates the cytostatic functions of macrophages. It is thermoresistant, nonimmunogenic and it is not allergic. A low amount of proteins and carbohydrates are contained in this extract, but it contains over 80% phospholipids. It has a transient stimulating effect of the cytotoxic effects of NK cells, and it also activates the synthesis of antibodies from the IgM and the IgG classes. It probably stimulates the expression of receptors for PHA in the membrane of T lymphocytes, and retards the development of the Ehrlich ascites tumour, protecting at the same time the animals from severe infections with conditionally pathogenic germs. These data suggests that "Cantastim" is a potent immunomodulating agent that could be used successfully in the fight against certain chronic diseases with a bacterial or neoplastic etiology of humans.