Revista de igiena, bacteriologie, virusologie, parazitologie, epidemiologie, pneumoftiziologie. Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia最新文献

The authors checked the vaccine coverage and the situations in which the compulsory vaccines were not administered up to the age of one year in the children born in February 1987 in District III of Bucharest. The results show a vaccine coverage of more than 90% in BCG vaccination (99.4%), antipoliomyelitic with one dose (94.2%) and with two doses of oral polyvaccine (92.2%) respectively, and the first DTP vaccination (95.9%). The values were under 90% in antimeasles vaccination (87.2%) and the second vaccination with 1 DTP (25.5%). The main causes leading to vaccine coverage could have been prevented. Discussion of these results shows that better vaccination values might be obtained by improving the present control on the immunoprophylaxis activity of the paediatric medical units, by intensifying both their control actions and aims.

Aerobic microflora (bacteria, fungi), in the cock pits of the TAROM company (Boeing 707 and Il 62 M) airships flying on various international routes and airports was studied during November 1988-January 1989. 157-8,800 bacteria and 78-1,336 fungi per m3 air were recorded. Except for Staphylococcus aureus (hemolytic and non hemolytic) the greatest part of the isolated microorganisms was nonpathogenic for man: Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Neisseria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Sarcina, Aspergillus, Penicillium etc. Several airships on the Asian airports contained a higher amount of bacteria and fungi but not higher than in the living rooms. Likewise, in high altitude flights, the microorganism amount was less than on the ground. The taxonomic spectrum of the bacteria and fungi isolated was almost identical on all the 9 international airports, thus suggesting the homogeneous and international character of saprophyte and pathogenic air microflora by means of the passenger and goods air flights.

The paper reports on four atypical cases of blastocystosis with prevalence of digestive and cutaneous disorders and of the allergic and general phenomena. The diagnosis could be established only after revealing Blastocystis hominis in the fecal parasitologic examination. The disappearance, in all the four cases, of varied clinical, delayed signs after treatment with metronidazol and stamycine (in two or even four repeated treatment schedules at 10 days' interval) is the proof that Bl. hominis might be the agent (unique or associated with other parasites) of some polymorphous disorders. Our findings are a call to specialists and clinicians for investigating the parasite and using an adequate treatment.

Carcinoembryonic anti-antigen (CEA) polyclonal antibodies were obtained in ram and rabbit using as antigen source the extracts with perchloric acid from the human colon adenocarcinomas. CEA was purified by gel filtration on Sepharose 4BCL and ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sephadex A50). The total antiserum was absorbed with human serum and perchloric acid extract from the normal colon. IgG anti-CEA was purified by chromatography of the monospecific antiserum, then tested for bonding specificity, at cryostat on sections of colon adenocarcinoma, by indirect immunoperoxidase. The specific reaction was compared with that obtained by the same technique, using two monoclonal antibodies specific to the CEA molecule (MAb-26/3/13 and MAb-26/5/1 respectively). IgG anti-CEA was also used for obtaining some IgG-peroxidase conjugates, with an immunoenzymatic system, ELISA type, with two antibodies according to the model of the ELISA kits produced by the Cantacuzino Institute (ELISA-AFP). The ELISA-CEA kit was standardized using an international CEA standard. CEA was quantitatively determined with this immunoenzymatic system (ELISA-CEA) on a group of 15 healthy subjects (average: 4.8 +/- 0.12 ng/ml) and on 30 patients with colorectal tumours (average: 26.6 +/- 0.15 ng/ml). ELISA-CEA kit, sensitive and reproducible, allow the usual quantitative determination of CEA, a useful marker in diagnosing and monitoring tumour evolution.

The authors identified a group of substances (flagellar depression factors--FDF) which suppress the mobility of enterobacteria (immobilization) but do not influence the Vibrio movements (tolerance). FDF do not affect the vital processes, multiplication and formation of colonies. Electron microscopic interpretation showed that, in the usual media, enterobacteria have characteristic peritrichous cilia, whereas in media with FDF they are denuded of their flagellation formation. As such a process of flagellation depletion seems to be not known, we suggest the term "deflagellation" to name it. In a completely different way, the vibrios keep their single cilium located apically and implicitly their moving ability. These behaviour differences are evident in semisolid agar with FDF. The deflagellated enterobacteria are, therefore, immobilized, and multiply, forming small punctual colonies, of 0.5-1 mm phi, whereas the vibrios tolerating FDF develop and at the same time move in the liquid agar, mass, forming large colonies, of 8-14 mm phi. The electron microscopic observations presented show the existence of a "deflagellation tolerance" process and also explain the specific typology of the colonies of vibrios and enterobacteria formed in liquid agar with FDF.

The paper reviews the connection between the human viruses and some common sanitary indicators of drinking water contamination. An analysis is made of: physico-chemical indicators (water turbidity, residual chlorine, some products of the bacterial metabolism in the intestine), bacterial indicators (total and faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, faecal streptococci, clostridia and other intestinal anaerobic bacteria, saprophytic mycobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and some bacteriophages. The conclusion is drawn that if such indirect indicators of water faecal pollution are generally useful in sanitary-microbiological assessment of drinking water, for finding its viral pollution, in certain epidemiological and hygiene-sanitary situations the virologic examination of the drinking water is quite compulsory.