Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970559
M. Solla, X. Núñez-Nieto, M. Varela-González, J. Martínez-Sánchez, P. Arias
GPR is a recommendable non-destructive technique for thickness measurement of pavement layers because data acquisition takes place at normal traffic speeds, making GPR a cost-effective technique. On the other hand, the large collected data, when the GPR system is mounted on a moving vehicle, is difficult to process. Given that processing is conducted by qualified practitioners, it is a key to obtain software tools that allow for accurate thickness measurements and fast processing times. In this paper, an easy to use and intuitive tool for pavement thickness measurement is presented. Exploiting the power of C++ programming language and the Qt framework advantages for developing applications with graphic interface, a simple and intuitive tool for a qualified worker is implemented in order to reduce the processing times and to give information at the earliest possible moment. Furthermore, the software provides a visualization application for the georeferencing of the field GPR data by using additional GPS (Global Positioning System) data. Given that the GPR acquisition software can connect to an external GPS for trace tagging, NMEA synchronization was used in this case. If the connection is set properly, the GPR acquisition software creates a number of files in order to get the GPR traces paired with a GGA sentence. After post-processing, all the traces are referenced to a SBET (Smooth Best Estimated Trajectory).
{"title":"GPR for road inspection: Georeferencing and efficient approach to data processing and visualization","authors":"M. Solla, X. Núñez-Nieto, M. Varela-González, J. Martínez-Sánchez, P. Arias","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970559","url":null,"abstract":"GPR is a recommendable non-destructive technique for thickness measurement of pavement layers because data acquisition takes place at normal traffic speeds, making GPR a cost-effective technique. On the other hand, the large collected data, when the GPR system is mounted on a moving vehicle, is difficult to process. Given that processing is conducted by qualified practitioners, it is a key to obtain software tools that allow for accurate thickness measurements and fast processing times. In this paper, an easy to use and intuitive tool for pavement thickness measurement is presented. Exploiting the power of C++ programming language and the Qt framework advantages for developing applications with graphic interface, a simple and intuitive tool for a qualified worker is implemented in order to reduce the processing times and to give information at the earliest possible moment. Furthermore, the software provides a visualization application for the georeferencing of the field GPR data by using additional GPS (Global Positioning System) data. Given that the GPR acquisition software can connect to an external GPS for trace tagging, NMEA synchronization was used in this case. If the connection is set properly, the GPR acquisition software creates a number of files in order to get the GPR traces paired with a GGA sentence. After post-processing, all the traces are referenced to a SBET (Smooth Best Estimated Trajectory).","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130327894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970384
C. Bunting, N. Branch, S. Robinson, P. Johnes
Wetlands are a non-renewable resource of high potential for organic archaeological deposits and palaeoenvironmental sequences. This resource is at threat from development and climate change. Only a small percentage of the identified wetlands in North West Europe have been studied with regard to their depth, stratigraphic architecture and the heritage assets they contain. The focus of this research is to improve understanding of how GPR can be used to tackle this problem. Data has been collected from wetland sites known to be associated with archaeological remains. The GPR results have been validated by boreholes subjected to geoarchaeological and geochemical analysis. The results show that GPR can obtain meaningful results in a range of wetland sediments. The depth is limited depending on the sediment type, water content and water chemistry with a depth of 80ns (2.5m) imaged clearly in fen peat using a 200MHz antenna greatly reduced in clay rich sediments. Archaeological monuments and structures are detectable. Identification and mapping of local stratigraphic units important for setting archaeological sites in a landscape and sedimentary context has also been possible. Interpretation of GPR surveys is greatly improved with the collection and analysis of boreholes.
{"title":"Ground penetrating radar as a tool to improve heritage management of wetlands","authors":"C. Bunting, N. Branch, S. Robinson, P. Johnes","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970384","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands are a non-renewable resource of high potential for organic archaeological deposits and palaeoenvironmental sequences. This resource is at threat from development and climate change. Only a small percentage of the identified wetlands in North West Europe have been studied with regard to their depth, stratigraphic architecture and the heritage assets they contain. The focus of this research is to improve understanding of how GPR can be used to tackle this problem. Data has been collected from wetland sites known to be associated with archaeological remains. The GPR results have been validated by boreholes subjected to geoarchaeological and geochemical analysis. The results show that GPR can obtain meaningful results in a range of wetland sediments. The depth is limited depending on the sediment type, water content and water chemistry with a depth of 80ns (2.5m) imaged clearly in fen peat using a 200MHz antenna greatly reduced in clay rich sediments. Archaeological monuments and structures are detectable. Identification and mapping of local stratigraphic units important for setting archaeological sites in a landscape and sedimentary context has also been possible. Interpretation of GPR surveys is greatly improved with the collection and analysis of boreholes.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124033789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970376
P. M. Barone, C. Ferrara
In the present paper we demonstrate the possibility to profitably integrate non-destructive techniques (NDT) and minimally invasive approach in several landscape archaeology research projects conducted in Italy. These projects integrate remote-sensing techniques, geophysics (in particular the ground-penetrating radar - GPR - technique), field-walking, and, geoarchaeological excavations both on macro- (km) and mesoscale (m). As well known, if the traditional destructive tools applied to archaeology generally produce a reconstruction of the ancient past in an irreversible way, the results of NDT instruments seem to go in the opposite direction by giving geo-archaeological information in a quick and non-destructive way, but not always clear. Tn this paper we will show the results especially from GPR surveys, because, in spite of other NDT approaches, GPR has resulted the most efficient one due to its rapidity, accuracy, and resolution. Nevertheless, this work demonstrates that, sometimes it is possible to have lack of information to interpret the correct archaeological landscape evolution just based on remote sensing data. A multidisciplinary approach, starting from a NDT data at a macro-scale till a minimally invasive tests (coring, pits, etc.) at meso-scale, has the potential to clarify preliminary assumptions, and give the right direction to the research project.
{"title":"You can't make an omelette without breaking some eggs: in which way can non-destructive and destructive techniques coexist?","authors":"P. M. Barone, C. Ferrara","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970376","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper we demonstrate the possibility to profitably integrate non-destructive techniques (NDT) and minimally invasive approach in several landscape archaeology research projects conducted in Italy. These projects integrate remote-sensing techniques, geophysics (in particular the ground-penetrating radar - GPR - technique), field-walking, and, geoarchaeological excavations both on macro- (km) and mesoscale (m). As well known, if the traditional destructive tools applied to archaeology generally produce a reconstruction of the ancient past in an irreversible way, the results of NDT instruments seem to go in the opposite direction by giving geo-archaeological information in a quick and non-destructive way, but not always clear. Tn this paper we will show the results especially from GPR surveys, because, in spite of other NDT approaches, GPR has resulted the most efficient one due to its rapidity, accuracy, and resolution. Nevertheless, this work demonstrates that, sometimes it is possible to have lack of information to interpret the correct archaeological landscape evolution just based on remote sensing data. A multidisciplinary approach, starting from a NDT data at a macro-scale till a minimally invasive tests (coring, pits, etc.) at meso-scale, has the potential to clarify preliminary assumptions, and give the right direction to the research project.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123479922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970580
C. Gouramanis, A. Switzer, D. T. Pham, C. Rubin, Y. S. Lee, Charles S Bristow, K. Jankaew
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-established technique for investigating the sub-surface stratigraphy in sandy coastal environments. GPR is most commonly applied in sandy coastal settings to determine the environmental evolution of an area. Several studies have used GPR to investigate the impact of storms through the identification of erosional scarps and very few have used GPR to investigate coastal overwash deposits. Here we present GPR profiles collected from a swale near the west coast of Phra Thong Island, Thailand, a key site where the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami and three earlier tsunamis deposited 5 to 20 cm thick, sandy deposits that are easily distinguished by intervening organic mud layers. We utilised 100, 500 and 1000 MHz antennas to image the spatial continuity of the sand-mud interface. The 100 MHz antennas demarcate the contact between the swale and underlying beach ridge stratigraphy, whereas the 1000 MHz antennas were poor at resolving the swale's internal stratigraphy. The 500 MHz antennas resolved the tsunami sand-organic mud contacts as evidenced from auger cores collected along the profiles. The 500 MHz profiles show where the 2004 tsunami partially scoured the back of the beach ridge and deposited sands over the back-beach environment. Our results confirm the utility of GPR to characterise sandy overwash deposits in muddy environments, which has applications for a range of coastal and fluvial settings around the globe.
{"title":"Thin-bed Ground-penetrating radar analysis of preserved modern and palaeotsunami deposits from Phra Thong Island, Thailand","authors":"C. Gouramanis, A. Switzer, D. T. Pham, C. Rubin, Y. S. Lee, Charles S Bristow, K. Jankaew","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970580","url":null,"abstract":"Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-established technique for investigating the sub-surface stratigraphy in sandy coastal environments. GPR is most commonly applied in sandy coastal settings to determine the environmental evolution of an area. Several studies have used GPR to investigate the impact of storms through the identification of erosional scarps and very few have used GPR to investigate coastal overwash deposits. Here we present GPR profiles collected from a swale near the west coast of Phra Thong Island, Thailand, a key site where the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami and three earlier tsunamis deposited 5 to 20 cm thick, sandy deposits that are easily distinguished by intervening organic mud layers. We utilised 100, 500 and 1000 MHz antennas to image the spatial continuity of the sand-mud interface. The 100 MHz antennas demarcate the contact between the swale and underlying beach ridge stratigraphy, whereas the 1000 MHz antennas were poor at resolving the swale's internal stratigraphy. The 500 MHz antennas resolved the tsunami sand-organic mud contacts as evidenced from auger cores collected along the profiles. The 500 MHz profiles show where the 2004 tsunami partially scoured the back of the beach ridge and deposited sands over the back-beach environment. Our results confirm the utility of GPR to characterise sandy overwash deposits in muddy environments, which has applications for a range of coastal and fluvial settings around the globe.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121197263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970382
R. Evans, R. Morrow, J. Nash
Many cemeteries have limited space and can often contain unmarked and undocumented graves. Encountering unmarked burials, or establishing locations free from burials, can be a problem. This case study reports an investigation of the area around a family burial plot in the cemetery of a church in rural Derbyshire, England, where a number of burials have taken place but where detailed records of the locations and numbers of graves were uncertain. The cemetery investigated is associated with a church which has existed since at least the 1200's, and the burial plot investigated has had a number of known burials from the 1800's onwards. The age of the cemetery and the lack of records meant that the exact details of the locations, depths and size of graves in the plot were unknown. The investigation used a GSSI SIR-2000 system with 900MHz and 400MHz antennas to successfully identify and confirm the location of a number of buried graves in the plot, at depths up to approximately 1.5m. This paper describes the challenges faced during the investigation, providing recommendations on appropriate site methodology and conclusions on appropriate data processing and presentation techniques.
{"title":"The use of ground penetrating radar to investigate a Churchyard Burial Plot","authors":"R. Evans, R. Morrow, J. Nash","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970382","url":null,"abstract":"Many cemeteries have limited space and can often contain unmarked and undocumented graves. Encountering unmarked burials, or establishing locations free from burials, can be a problem. This case study reports an investigation of the area around a family burial plot in the cemetery of a church in rural Derbyshire, England, where a number of burials have taken place but where detailed records of the locations and numbers of graves were uncertain. The cemetery investigated is associated with a church which has existed since at least the 1200's, and the burial plot investigated has had a number of known burials from the 1800's onwards. The age of the cemetery and the lack of records meant that the exact details of the locations, depths and size of graves in the plot were unknown. The investigation used a GSSI SIR-2000 system with 900MHz and 400MHz antennas to successfully identify and confirm the location of a number of buried graves in the plot, at depths up to approximately 1.5m. This paper describes the challenges faced during the investigation, providing recommendations on appropriate site methodology and conclusions on appropriate data processing and presentation techniques.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114211068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970569
Zhenghua Xia, G. Fang, S. Ye, Qunying Zhang, Hejun Yin, Peng Zhang, Jingrong Yang, Deyuan Fan
In life detection with ultrawideband (UWB) radar, the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is very important for good performance. In this paper, the m-sequence with a carrier is applied to life detection, and SNR can be improved by pulse compression and linear average. The hybrid sampling technique is used to improve the sampling resolution and reduce the cost. The peak-to-sidelobel ratio after pulse compression would be degraded when the delay resolution of the delay line drifts in different temperature, thus the actual delay resolution of the delay line should be measured before hybrid sampling. Experiments show that the proposed modulated m-sequence UWB radar has good detection performance.
{"title":"Design of modulated m-sequence ultrawideband radar for life detection","authors":"Zhenghua Xia, G. Fang, S. Ye, Qunying Zhang, Hejun Yin, Peng Zhang, Jingrong Yang, Deyuan Fan","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970569","url":null,"abstract":"In life detection with ultrawideband (UWB) radar, the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is very important for good performance. In this paper, the m-sequence with a carrier is applied to life detection, and SNR can be improved by pulse compression and linear average. The hybrid sampling technique is used to improve the sampling resolution and reduce the cost. The peak-to-sidelobel ratio after pulse compression would be degraded when the delay resolution of the delay line drifts in different temperature, thus the actual delay resolution of the delay line should be measured before hybrid sampling. Experiments show that the proposed modulated m-sequence UWB radar has good detection performance.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124311235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970377
L. Matera, M. Ciminale, V. Desantis, R. Persico, M. Giannotta, A. Alessio
A prototype of reconfigurable stepped frequency GPR system has been implemented in the framework of the research project AITECH, financed by the Puglia Region (http://www.aitechnet.com/home.html). The prototype has been realized in collaboration between the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage (IBAM-CNR), the IDS Corporation and the University of Florence, and is now part of the equipment of the Laboratory of applied geophysics to archaeology and monumental heritage (http://www.ibam.cnr.it/pdf/Persico%20in.pdf). The reconfigurability is a theoretically appealing possibility, under study thanks to the availability of this prototypal system. In particular, several case histories have been studied and other ones will be studied in the next years in order to test the reconfigurable system in several situations and under different conditions. The general aim of this work in progress is not only to assess the possibilities of the instrument but also to identify its main limits in order to plan, possibly, the implementation of suitable modifications for the enhancement of its performances. In this papers, some results in sites of cultural interests will be shown, in comparison with the results achieved from a commercial pulsed GPR system. The emphasis is on the benefits of gathering three bands at the same time, related to the kind of anomaly and environment met in the case history at hand.
{"title":"Application of a reconfigurable stepped frequency system to cultural heritage prospecting","authors":"L. Matera, M. Ciminale, V. Desantis, R. Persico, M. Giannotta, A. Alessio","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970377","url":null,"abstract":"A prototype of reconfigurable stepped frequency GPR system has been implemented in the framework of the research project AITECH, financed by the Puglia Region (http://www.aitechnet.com/home.html). The prototype has been realized in collaboration between the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage (IBAM-CNR), the IDS Corporation and the University of Florence, and is now part of the equipment of the Laboratory of applied geophysics to archaeology and monumental heritage (http://www.ibam.cnr.it/pdf/Persico%20in.pdf). The reconfigurability is a theoretically appealing possibility, under study thanks to the availability of this prototypal system. In particular, several case histories have been studied and other ones will be studied in the next years in order to test the reconfigurable system in several situations and under different conditions. The general aim of this work in progress is not only to assess the possibilities of the instrument but also to identify its main limits in order to plan, possibly, the implementation of suitable modifications for the enhancement of its performances. In this papers, some results in sites of cultural interests will be shown, in comparison with the results achieved from a commercial pulsed GPR system. The emphasis is on the benefits of gathering three bands at the same time, related to the kind of anomaly and environment met in the case history at hand.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125843630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970448
C. Ékes, B. Neducza, P. Takács
Pipe Penetrating Radar (PPR) is the underground, in-pipe application of GPR, a non-destructive testing method that can detect defects and cavities within and outside mainline diameter (>18 in / 450mm) non-ferrous (concrete, PVC, HDPE, vitrified clay, etc.) underground pipes [1, 2]. The method uses two or more high frequency GPR antennae carried by a robot into underground pipes. The radar data are transmitted to the surface and are recorded together with the output from CCTV (and optionally sonar and laser). Proprietary software analyzes the data and pinpoints defects or cavities within and outside the pipe. Thus the testing can identify existing pipe and pipe bedding symptoms that can be addressed to prevent catastrophic failure due to sinkhole development and can provide useful information about the remaining service life of the pipe. This paper describes the Vancouver, WA, USA project where PPR was used to inspect two main line diameter (21 - 36 inch) pipes and was successful in quantitatively determine the amount of H2S corrosion in these critical interceptors.
管道穿透雷达(Pipe Penetrating Radar, PPR)是探地雷达在地下、管内的应用，是一种无损检测方法，可以检测地下管道主干直径(>18 in / 450mm)有色金属(混凝土、PVC、HDPE、玻璃化粘土等)内外的缺陷和空洞[1,2]。该方法使用由机器人携带的两个或多个高频GPR天线进入地下管道。雷达数据被传送到水面并且与CCTV输出一起被记录(和可选的声纳和激光)。专有软件分析数据并确定管道内外的缺陷或空洞。因此，测试可以识别现有管道和管道垫层症状，可以解决这些症状，以防止由于天坑发展而导致的灾难性故障，并可以提供有关管道剩余使用寿命的有用信息。本文介绍了美国华盛顿州温哥华的项目，该项目使用PPR检测了两条主要管道直径(21 - 36英寸)的管道，并成功地定量确定了这些关键拦截器中H2S腐蚀的程度。
{"title":"Pipe Penetrating Radar inspection of large diameter underground pipes","authors":"C. Ékes, B. Neducza, P. Takács","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970448","url":null,"abstract":"Pipe Penetrating Radar (PPR) is the underground, in-pipe application of GPR, a non-destructive testing method that can detect defects and cavities within and outside mainline diameter (>18 in / 450mm) non-ferrous (concrete, PVC, HDPE, vitrified clay, etc.) underground pipes [1, 2]. The method uses two or more high frequency GPR antennae carried by a robot into underground pipes. The radar data are transmitted to the surface and are recorded together with the output from CCTV (and optionally sonar and laser). Proprietary software analyzes the data and pinpoints defects or cavities within and outside the pipe. Thus the testing can identify existing pipe and pipe bedding symptoms that can be addressed to prevent catastrophic failure due to sinkhole development and can provide useful information about the remaining service life of the pipe. This paper describes the Vancouver, WA, USA project where PPR was used to inspect two main line diameter (21 - 36 inch) pipes and was successful in quantitatively determine the amount of H2S corrosion in these critical interceptors.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134232618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970416
M. Ardekani, X. Neyt, D. Benedetto, E. Slob, B. Wesemael, P. Bogaert, C. Craeye, S. Lambot
In this paper the effect of local variability of soil moisture within the antenna footprint on GPR data is studied. A combination of GprMax3D with GPR full-wave model of Lambot and André (2013) is used for an errorless set of measurements. The GprMax3D simulations are used as real GPR measurements regarding several physical-based configurations. The Greens functions of the simulated data are extracted using calibrations based on GPR full-wave models. The inversion results of horizontal local soil moisture variability focusing on the surface wavelet reflection are compared with the averaged soil moisture values within different antenna footprints which led to the antenna footprint of -9 dB as the best. Finally, the inversion results of the vertical soil moisture variability shows significant effect of shallow soil moisture layering on the GPR-retrieved soil moisture values, which is highly correlated to the antenna height from the ground surface.
{"title":"Soil moisture variability effect on GPR data","authors":"M. Ardekani, X. Neyt, D. Benedetto, E. Slob, B. Wesemael, P. Bogaert, C. Craeye, S. Lambot","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970416","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the effect of local variability of soil moisture within the antenna footprint on GPR data is studied. A combination of GprMax3D with GPR full-wave model of Lambot and André (2013) is used for an errorless set of measurements. The GprMax3D simulations are used as real GPR measurements regarding several physical-based configurations. The Greens functions of the simulated data are extracted using calibrations based on GPR full-wave models. The inversion results of horizontal local soil moisture variability focusing on the surface wavelet reflection are compared with the averaged soil moisture values within different antenna footprints which led to the antenna footprint of -9 dB as the best. Finally, the inversion results of the vertical soil moisture variability shows significant effect of shallow soil moisture layering on the GPR-retrieved soil moisture values, which is highly correlated to the antenna height from the ground surface.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134555064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-04DOI: 10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970485
L. Crocco, L. Di Donato, G. Sorbello
Tomographic methods nowadays represent an assessed means to process GPR data, as they allow to obtain images that are more reliable and readable than those achieved using standard GPR data processing tools. However, tomographic approaches are based on a suitable modeling of the electromagnetic scattering phenomenon, which is required to cast the underlying inverse problem. In particular, the non-linearity of the inverse problem entails that solution methods are extremely sensitive to modeling errors and, even worse, are prone to the occurrence of false solutions, that is, estimates of the unknown function that match the data but are different from the ground truth. As such, most of the effective applications of tomographic GPR are so far concerned with linearized inversion approaches, which are based on simple models and are indeed free from false solutions. However, they can only provide information on the location of buried targets and not on their electromagnetic features. In this paper, we present a new tomographic approach that, being based on a “scenario specific” linearized model arising from a suitable preprocessing of the measured data, allows to both achieve information on the electromagnetic features and avoid occurrence of false solutions. The method is presented and numerically assessed for the case of cross-borehole GPR surveys.
{"title":"New tomographic imaging strategies for GPR surveys","authors":"L. Crocco, L. Di Donato, G. Sorbello","doi":"10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2014.6970485","url":null,"abstract":"Tomographic methods nowadays represent an assessed means to process GPR data, as they allow to obtain images that are more reliable and readable than those achieved using standard GPR data processing tools. However, tomographic approaches are based on a suitable modeling of the electromagnetic scattering phenomenon, which is required to cast the underlying inverse problem. In particular, the non-linearity of the inverse problem entails that solution methods are extremely sensitive to modeling errors and, even worse, are prone to the occurrence of false solutions, that is, estimates of the unknown function that match the data but are different from the ground truth. As such, most of the effective applications of tomographic GPR are so far concerned with linearized inversion approaches, which are based on simple models and are indeed free from false solutions. However, they can only provide information on the location of buried targets and not on their electromagnetic features. In this paper, we present a new tomographic approach that, being based on a “scenario specific” linearized model arising from a suitable preprocessing of the measured data, allows to both achieve information on the electromagnetic features and avoid occurrence of false solutions. The method is presented and numerically assessed for the case of cross-borehole GPR surveys.","PeriodicalId":212710,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131742374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：