Tahani Mohamad Alhazani, B. Aldahmash, D. M. El-Nagar, K. E. Ibrahim, Saheed O. Anifowose, A. Rady
The beet root as dietary supplement hepatoprotective ability has gained interest in recent days. The present study was designed to determine the potential hepatoprotective effect of beet root juice as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent to eliminate the hepatotoxic effect of diclofenac as wide spread analgesic agent. Male albino mice were divided randomly into 4 groups, the 1st group served as control group, the 2nd group received 8 mL/kg of freshly prepared beet root juice, the 3rd group received oral administration 20 mg/kg of diclofenac and the 4th group pre-treated with beet root before one-hour diclofenac administration for 30 days. Biochemical results revealed sharp significant raised levels of liver enzymes level (AST, ALT, ALP and GGT) in the 3rd group that received diclofenac, besides to marked pathological changes manifested by high pathological scoring system such as hepatocytes degeneration, ballooning, infiltration and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis elucidated massive incidence of MDA as an indicator of oxidative stress, moreover great number of neutrophils were seen as main component of inflammation. Whereas, pre-treatment of beet root juice one hour before diclofenac resulted in significant decrease of liver enzymes, clear attenuation of pathological features, decrease of pathological score. A great reduction of MDA in liver tissue and number of neutrophils stained histochemically. It was concluded that beet root juice possessed beneficial hepatoprotective role against diclofenac, as significant anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
{"title":"Detraction of Diclofenac-Associated Hepatotoxicity by Fresh Beet Root Juice in Male Albino Mice","authors":"Tahani Mohamad Alhazani, B. Aldahmash, D. M. El-Nagar, K. E. Ibrahim, Saheed O. Anifowose, A. Rady","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.2.8416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.2.8416","url":null,"abstract":"The beet root as dietary supplement hepatoprotective ability has gained interest in recent days. The present study was designed to determine the potential hepatoprotective effect of beet root juice as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent to eliminate the hepatotoxic effect of diclofenac as wide spread analgesic agent. Male albino mice were divided randomly into 4 groups, the 1st group served as control group, the 2nd group received 8 mL/kg of freshly prepared beet root juice, the 3rd group received oral administration 20 mg/kg of diclofenac and the 4th group pre-treated with beet root before one-hour diclofenac administration for 30 days. Biochemical results revealed sharp significant raised levels of liver enzymes level (AST, ALT, ALP and GGT) in the 3rd group that received diclofenac, besides to marked pathological changes manifested by high pathological scoring system such as hepatocytes degeneration, ballooning, infiltration and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis elucidated massive incidence of MDA as an indicator of oxidative stress, moreover great number of neutrophils were seen as main component of inflammation. Whereas, pre-treatment of beet root juice one hour before diclofenac resulted in significant decrease of liver enzymes, clear attenuation of pathological features, decrease of pathological score. A great reduction of MDA in liver tissue and number of neutrophils stained histochemically. It was concluded that beet root juice possessed beneficial hepatoprotective role against diclofenac, as significant anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"17 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79241272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is necessary to know the effect of excessive salinity in the soil on the growth of the African palm crop. The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of salinity caused by NaCl on the growth and absorption of nutrients in the oil palm crop in early growth stage. The research was carried out in the laboratories of the University of Córdoba, where the 16 kg experimental units were made up of a mixture of alluvium and rice husk in a ratio of 4: 1. A complete randomized design was used with six treatments and a control (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.6, and 6.1 cmolc kg Na) and four repetitions. The data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and regression. The results report that the salinity in the soil that originates with the application of 2.5 cmolc kg of Na produces in the soil an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.96 dS m. Consequently, a drastic reduction in the quantified biomass of dry mass of stem, leaf, roots, rachis and leaf area originates, and the models that express this trend were adjusted to decreasing linear regressions with their highly significant parameters. Salinity interferes with the absorption of nutritional elements, such as N, K and Mg, and foliar nitrogen is the nutrient with the highest sensitivity to variations in EC in the soil. Foliar phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) concentrations were not affected by salinity levels.
有必要了解土壤中盐分过高对非洲棕榈作物生长的影响。本研究旨在探讨NaCl对油棕作物生长和营养吸收的影响。这项研究是在Córdoba大学的实验室里进行的，在那里，16公斤的实验单位是由冲积物和稻壳以4:1的比例混合而成的。采用完全随机设计，6个处理和1个对照(0.0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.5、3.6和6.1 cmolc kg Na)， 4个重复。采用方差分析和回归分析对数据进行统计学分析。结果表明，施用2.5 cmolc kg的钠导致土壤盐度升高，土壤电导率(EC)为1.96 dS m。因此，茎、叶、根、轴和叶面积的干质量量化生物量急剧减少，表达这一趋势的模型被调整为线性递减，其参数非常显著。盐度会干扰氮、钾、镁等营养元素的吸收，而叶面氮是对土壤EC变化最敏感的养分。叶片磷(P)和钙(Ca)浓度不受盐度水平的影响。
{"title":"Effect of Salinization by NaCl on the Growth of African Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)","authors":"L. Alemán, E. Combatt, A. Arrieta","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.2.8422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.2.8422","url":null,"abstract":"It is necessary to know the effect of excessive salinity in the soil on the growth of the African palm crop. The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of salinity caused by NaCl on the growth and absorption of nutrients in the oil palm crop in early growth stage. The research was carried out in the laboratories of the University of Córdoba, where the 16 kg experimental units were made up of a mixture of alluvium and rice husk in a ratio of 4: 1. A complete randomized design was used with six treatments and a control (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.6, and 6.1 cmolc kg Na) and four repetitions. The data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and regression. The results report that the salinity in the soil that originates with the application of 2.5 cmolc kg of Na produces in the soil an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.96 dS m. Consequently, a drastic reduction in the quantified biomass of dry mass of stem, leaf, roots, rachis and leaf area originates, and the models that express this trend were adjusted to decreasing linear regressions with their highly significant parameters. Salinity interferes with the absorption of nutritional elements, such as N, K and Mg, and foliar nitrogen is the nutrient with the highest sensitivity to variations in EC in the soil. Foliar phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) concentrations were not affected by salinity levels.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"4 1","pages":"83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86395038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effectiveness of Air entraining agent (AEA) in concrete under low air pressure in the plateau area decreased. A type of new AEA, named MRE was synthesized to increase bubbles' stability in fresh concrete under low air pressure. The performance of MRE solution and concrete with MRE were tested under 60 kPa and 100 kPa compared with commercially gemini AEA (DCC). The test results showed that the foam volume of MRE and DCC solution under 60 kPa was reduced by 3% and 9% than under 100 kPa. The bubble liquid film strength of MRE is 63% higher than that of DCC. For concrete with MRE and DCC under 60 kPa, the air content was 2% and 16% lower, the relative dynamic modulus of concrete reduced by 6% and 15%, and the bubble spacing factor under 60 kPa increased by 17% and 39% respectively compared with that under 100 kPa. MRE can increase the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete under low air pressure without affecting concrete strength and is suitable for high altitude concrete.
{"title":"Maleic Rosin-based Gemini Surfactant as Air Entraining Agent for Concrete under Low Air Pressure","authors":"Yang Li, Zhendi Wang, Ling Wang","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.2.8417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.2.8417","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of Air entraining agent (AEA) in concrete under low air pressure in the plateau area decreased. A type of new AEA, named MRE was synthesized to increase bubbles' stability in fresh concrete under low air pressure. The performance of MRE solution and concrete with MRE were tested under 60 kPa and 100 kPa compared with commercially gemini AEA (DCC). The test results showed that the foam volume of MRE and DCC solution under 60 kPa was reduced by 3% and 9% than under 100 kPa. The bubble liquid film strength of MRE is 63% higher than that of DCC. For concrete with MRE and DCC under 60 kPa, the air content was 2% and 16% lower, the relative dynamic modulus of concrete reduced by 6% and 15%, and the bubble spacing factor under 60 kPa increased by 17% and 39% respectively compared with that under 100 kPa. MRE can increase the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete under low air pressure without affecting concrete strength and is suitable for high altitude concrete.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"1 1","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86677428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Bashir, K. Ahmad, Z. Khan, Sonaina Nazar, S. Mahpara, M. Sohail, Jawaher Alkahtani, Latifah Alhumaid, Manal M. Al Shaqhaa, M. S. Elshikh
The effect of spatio-temporal variations in proximate composition of the forages and fodder species grazed by the ruminants in different sites of district Bhakkar, Pakistan was evaluated. Samples were collected from different sites of the selected region during four seasons. There was significant effect of site on all proximate parameters except ether extract. Season of collection significantly affected moisture content, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, NFES and net energy while ash content was non-significantly affected. Site x season also has significant effect on all proximate parameters. The study unveils the composition of diet of ruminants, providing information about the need of supplementation for these animals to increase their productivity.
{"title":"Assessment of Proximate Composition of Wild Forages Under the Influence of Seasonal and Spatial Variations in Semi-arid Region","authors":"H. Bashir, K. Ahmad, Z. Khan, Sonaina Nazar, S. Mahpara, M. Sohail, Jawaher Alkahtani, Latifah Alhumaid, Manal M. Al Shaqhaa, M. S. Elshikh","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.2.8426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.2.8426","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of spatio-temporal variations in proximate composition of the forages and fodder species grazed by the ruminants in different sites of district Bhakkar, Pakistan was evaluated. Samples were collected from different sites of the selected region during four seasons. There was significant effect of site on all proximate parameters except ether extract. Season of collection significantly affected moisture content, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, NFES and net energy while ash content was non-significantly affected. Site x season also has significant effect on all proximate parameters. The study unveils the composition of diet of ruminants, providing information about the need of supplementation for these animals to increase their productivity.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"119 1","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84894179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valuable pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized efficiently from the easily available 7-Chloro-4-hydrazinoquinoline through electrochemical synthesis under moderate and scalable electrolytic conditions afforded linear hydrazones (3a-g) then the cyclized one (4a-g). The conduct of the reactions was performed in a simple undivided cell under constant current without oxidizing reagents or transition metal catalysts. The synthesized products of the cyclization reaction have been characterized via UV/Vis spectrophotometry, 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, the understanding of the mechanism of the reaction, the importance of reactant structure to control the rate of the reaction and equilibria in the process is substantial. The applying of this protocol to the effective synthesis of key intermediates for antidiabetic compounds was done.
{"title":"Simple Electrochemical Synthesis of Pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline Derivatives","authors":"S. Alajmi, Tamer E Youssef","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.2.8419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.2.8419","url":null,"abstract":"Valuable pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized efficiently from the easily available 7-Chloro-4-hydrazinoquinoline through electrochemical synthesis under moderate and scalable electrolytic conditions afforded linear hydrazones (3a-g) then the cyclized one (4a-g). The conduct of the reactions was performed in a simple undivided cell under constant current without oxidizing reagents or transition metal catalysts. The synthesized products of the cyclization reaction have been characterized via UV/Vis spectrophotometry, 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, the understanding of the mechanism of the reaction, the importance of reactant structure to control the rate of the reaction and equilibria in the process is substantial. The applying of this protocol to the effective synthesis of key intermediates for antidiabetic compounds was done.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"127 1","pages":"50-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85399065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amr M. Yehia, M. Eldeib, A. Mohamadin, Mohammed M. El-Zahab
Owing to a lack of appropriate therapeutic regimens, prostate cancer (PC) is a global health concern with a high incidence and mortality rate in elderly men. Combination treatment seems to have the highest clinical benefit and avoids unwanted side effects. The current study focused on the chemotherapeutic efficacy of Zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or Flutamide on prostate cancer cells, as well as its effect on apoptosis. The MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of Zoledronic acid (ZA), 5-FU, and flutamide on PC-3 and DU-145 cells, as well as the combined therapy of ZA with 5-FU or flutamide. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining analysis was used to assess changes in Bcl-2 and p53 expression. Furthermore, the western blotting method was extensively used to evaluate Bax, caspase 3, and cyclin D1. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to determine the relative expression of miRNA-382 (miR-382) and miRNA-18a (miR-18a). Instead of (13.47, 8.23, and 9.42 μM) for PC-3 or (38.77, 17.6, and 8.47 μM) for DU145 cells, the combination therapy improved cytotoxicity with doses approximately half of IC50 (6.74, 4.12, and 7.07 μM) in PC-3 and (19.38, 8.8, and 6.33 μM) in DU145 cells for ZA, 5-FU, and flutamide, respectively. When compared to a single therapy, the combination therapy significantly up-regulated the pro-apoptotic Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and p53 levels while down-regulated the cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 expression. In addition, the combination therapy was linked to changes in miR-382 and miR-18a expression. Our findings suggest that combining ZA with 5FU or flutamide improves chemotherapeutic efficacy against prostate cancer cells, at least in part by encouraging apoptosis and modulating miRNA expression, especially miR-382 and miR-18a.
{"title":"Zoledronic Acid Enhances the Chemotherapeutic Efficiency of 5-fluorouracil or Flutamide in Prostate Cancer Cells with Modulation of miR-382 and miR-18a Expression","authors":"Amr M. Yehia, M. Eldeib, A. Mohamadin, Mohammed M. El-Zahab","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.2.8424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.2.8424","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to a lack of appropriate therapeutic regimens, prostate cancer (PC) is a global health concern with a high incidence and mortality rate in elderly men. Combination treatment seems to have the highest clinical benefit and avoids unwanted side effects. The current study focused on the chemotherapeutic efficacy of Zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or Flutamide on prostate cancer cells, as well as its effect on apoptosis. The MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of Zoledronic acid (ZA), 5-FU, and flutamide on PC-3 and DU-145 cells, as well as the combined therapy of ZA with 5-FU or flutamide. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining analysis was used to assess changes in Bcl-2 and p53 expression. Furthermore, the western blotting method was extensively used to evaluate Bax, caspase 3, and cyclin D1. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to determine the relative expression of miRNA-382 (miR-382) and miRNA-18a (miR-18a). Instead of (13.47, 8.23, and 9.42 μM) for PC-3 or (38.77, 17.6, and 8.47 μM) for DU145 cells, the combination therapy improved cytotoxicity with doses approximately half of IC50 (6.74, 4.12, and 7.07 μM) in PC-3 and (19.38, 8.8, and 6.33 μM) in DU145 cells for ZA, 5-FU, and flutamide, respectively. When compared to a single therapy, the combination therapy significantly up-regulated the pro-apoptotic Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and p53 levels while down-regulated the cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 expression. In addition, the combination therapy was linked to changes in miR-382 and miR-18a expression. Our findings suggest that combining ZA with 5FU or flutamide improves chemotherapeutic efficacy against prostate cancer cells, at least in part by encouraging apoptosis and modulating miRNA expression, especially miR-382 and miR-18a.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"13 1","pages":"102-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73788019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Capparis spinosa leaf extract acting as a capping and reducing agent. The characterization of AgNPs was confirmed using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Visible), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The plant extract used reduces Ag+ into AgNPs within a few minutes as indicated by the changed color, from yellow to reddish-brown. The UV-vis spectrum of AgNPs appeared a characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 400-450 nm. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the role of plant extract as a reducing and capping agent of silver ions. The spectra of FTIR revealed a broad transmission peaks from 3412 to 617 cm-1. An EDX analysis signal at 3 keV and weight 65.38% showed the peak to be in the silver region, a fact which was confirmed by the presence of elemental silver. Under TEM, the nanoparticles were seen to be spherical, with an average particle size of 13 nm. AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against S.epidermidis, S. aureus, MRSA and E. coli. The inhibition zones for S.epidermidis and S. aureus were 8 to 10 mm, while MRSA is 7 to 10 mm. The inhibition zone of E. coli was higher at 10 to 13 mm.
{"title":"Green Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles from Capparis Spinosa Leaf Extract","authors":"S. Salmen, E. Damra, T. Alahmadi, S. Alharbi","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.1.8411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.1.8411","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The current study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Capparis spinosa leaf extract acting as a capping and reducing agent. The characterization of AgNPs was confirmed using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Visible), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The plant extract used reduces Ag+ into AgNPs within a few minutes as indicated by the changed color, from yellow to reddish-brown. The UV-vis spectrum of AgNPs appeared a characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 400-450 nm. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the role of plant extract as a reducing and capping agent of silver ions. The spectra of FTIR revealed a broad transmission peaks from 3412 to 617 cm-1. An EDX analysis signal at 3 keV and weight 65.38% showed the peak to be in the silver region, a fact which was confirmed by the presence of elemental silver. Under TEM, the nanoparticles were seen to be spherical, with an average particle size of 13 nm. AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against S.epidermidis, S. aureus, MRSA and E. coli. The inhibition zones for S.epidermidis and S. aureus were 8 to 10 mm, while MRSA is 7 to 10 mm. The inhibition zone of E. coli was higher at 10 to 13 mm.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74811842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sidhardhan Susaiappan, Adishkumar Somanathan, M. T. Sulthan, Immanuvel Palies Masilamani
The quality of water around a municipal dumpsite is greatly affected by the leaching chemicals from the landfill. The aim of this study is to assess the groundwater quality and to develop and compare the performance of Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) regression and Artificial Neural Network models around municipal dumpsite in Tamil Nadu, India. The groundwater samples were collected every month from the 16 sampling points during the study period from January 2013 to December 2017. The physico chemical parameters of the samples such as pH, acidity, alkalinity, Hardness, Chloride, Sulphate and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were analysed and Water Quality Index (WQI) was arrived. From this data, the highest and the lowest polluted points S14 and S5 respectively, among the 16 sampling points was found. Correlation analysis showed that TDS exhibited a high positive correlation with chloride and hardness. Two models using SPSS regression and one model using ANN modeling were developed to predict the TDS in the sampling points. The prediction capabilities of the ANN were compared with the SPSS regression models. The maximum percentage of error obtained from ANN and SPSS were 7.5% and 15.6% at S5 sampling point. ANN models were more accurate than the SPSS multi nonlinear regression models having the same inputs and output.
{"title":"Groundwater Quality Variation and Regression Analysis � a Case Study Around Municipal Dumpsite in India","authors":"Sidhardhan Susaiappan, Adishkumar Somanathan, M. T. Sulthan, Immanuvel Palies Masilamani","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.1.8410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.1.8410","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of water around a municipal dumpsite is greatly affected by the leaching chemicals from the landfill. The aim of this study is to assess the groundwater quality and to develop and compare the performance of Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) regression and Artificial Neural Network models around municipal dumpsite in Tamil Nadu, India. The groundwater samples were collected every month from the 16 sampling points during the study period from January 2013 to December 2017. The physico chemical parameters of the samples such as pH, acidity, alkalinity, Hardness, Chloride, Sulphate and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were analysed and Water Quality Index (WQI) was arrived. From this data, the highest and the lowest polluted points S14 and S5 respectively, among the 16 sampling points was found. Correlation analysis showed that TDS exhibited a high positive correlation with chloride and hardness. Two models using SPSS regression and one model using ANN modeling were developed to predict the TDS in the sampling points. The prediction capabilities of the ANN were compared with the SPSS regression models. The maximum percentage of error obtained from ANN and SPSS were 7.5% and 15.6% at S5 sampling point. ANN models were more accurate than the SPSS multi nonlinear regression models having the same inputs and output.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"40 1","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72813594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Performance, emission and combustion studies were carried out on the ceramic coated diesel engine (YSZ) fed with biodiesel obtained from the oil derived from the mango seeds (MSBD) and MSBD blended with turpentine oil (MSBTO). The performance study showed that the MSBD and MSBTO blends showed 3.6% and 7.1% more BSFC value compared to that of DF in ceramic coated engine due to higher density and viscosity. The maximum brake thermal efficiency was observed 28% for DF in coated engine compared to other fuels due to less fuel consumption of DF because of lower density. The emission characteristics displayed that the MSBTO fuel showed 12%, 15.2% and 29.1% reduction in the smoke density, NOx and CO respectively compared to that of DF in coated engine. However, the MSBD and MSBTO showed 17 and 21% more release of UBHC at full conditions compared to that of DF in ceramic coated engine due to lesser calorific values of MSBD and MSBTO compared to the calorific value of DF. Combustion study revealed that the MSBD and MSBTO displayed less cylinder pressure compared to that of DF in coated engine and the MSBTO fuel showed the 5.3% decrease in the cylinder pressure compared to that of DF in coated engine owing to less heat liberation and lower cetane value. HRR followed the similar trend of variation of cylinder pressure and the MSBTO displayed 7.4% lower HRR compared to that of DF in coated engine.
{"title":"Investigating the Performance, Reduction of Emission and Combustion Characteristics of YSZ Coated D.I.Diesel Engine Powered by Binary Bio-fuels","authors":"Anandavelu Kothandapany, V. Krishnan","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.1.8403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.1.8403","url":null,"abstract":"Performance, emission and combustion studies were carried out on the ceramic coated diesel engine (YSZ) fed with biodiesel obtained from the oil derived from the mango seeds (MSBD) and MSBD blended with turpentine oil (MSBTO). The performance study showed that the MSBD and MSBTO blends showed 3.6% and 7.1% more BSFC value compared to that of DF in ceramic coated engine due to higher density and viscosity. The maximum brake thermal efficiency was observed 28% for DF in coated engine compared to other fuels due to less fuel consumption of DF because of lower density. The emission characteristics displayed that the MSBTO fuel showed 12%, 15.2% and 29.1% reduction in the smoke density, NOx and CO respectively compared to that of DF in coated engine. However, the MSBD and MSBTO showed 17 and 21% more release of UBHC at full conditions compared to that of DF in ceramic coated engine due to lesser calorific values of MSBD and MSBTO compared to the calorific value of DF. Combustion study revealed that the MSBD and MSBTO displayed less cylinder pressure compared to that of DF in coated engine and the MSBTO fuel showed the 5.3% decrease in the cylinder pressure compared to that of DF in coated engine owing to less heat liberation and lower cetane value. HRR followed the similar trend of variation of cylinder pressure and the MSBTO displayed 7.4% lower HRR compared to that of DF in coated engine.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"22 1","pages":"53-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91078561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Crini, C. Bradu, C. Cosentino, Jean-Noël Staelens, B. Martel, M. Fourmentin, S. Loiacono, Gilles Chanet, G. Torri, N. Morin-Crini
In this study, an adsorption process using hemp-based materials in felt form was applied to remove between 45 and 53 contaminants present in wastewater from the surface treatment industry. Several materials were compared using batch experiments, including a felt made of 100% hemp fiber (HEMP), the same felt cross-linked with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (HEMPBA), a felt coated with a maltodextrin-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic cross-linked polymer (HEMPM), and a felt coated with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic cross-linked polymer (HEMPCD). Chemical analysis showed that HEMPBA, HEMPM and HEMPCD materials had high adsorption capacities on metals in wastewater, confirming the role of carboxylic groups. Only HEMPCD was able to remove both metals and organics, resulting in the virtual elimination of organics such as chloroform, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and nonylphenol. This result demonstrated the important role of cyclodextrin molecules in adsorption mechanism. HEMPCD also resulted in an important decrease in residual chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon of more than 83% and 53%, respectively, while the treatment with HEMP lowered them by 12% and 12%, HEMPBA by 9% and 7%, and HEMPM by 45% and 26%. Chemical abatement and toxicity mitigation have demonstrated that adsorption onto a nonconventional material could be an interesting treatment step for the detoxification of wastewater.
{"title":"Simultaneous Removal of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants from Polycontaminated Wastewaters on Modified Hemp-Based Felts","authors":"G. Crini, C. Bradu, C. Cosentino, Jean-Noël Staelens, B. Martel, M. Fourmentin, S. Loiacono, Gilles Chanet, G. Torri, N. Morin-Crini","doi":"10.37358/RC.21.1.8401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.21.1.8401","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, an adsorption process using hemp-based materials in felt form was applied to remove between 45 and 53 contaminants present in wastewater from the surface treatment industry. Several materials were compared using batch experiments, including a felt made of 100% hemp fiber (HEMP), the same felt cross-linked with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (HEMPBA), a felt coated with a maltodextrin-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic cross-linked polymer (HEMPM), and a felt coated with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic cross-linked polymer (HEMPCD). Chemical analysis showed that HEMPBA, HEMPM and HEMPCD materials had high adsorption capacities on metals in wastewater, confirming the role of carboxylic groups. Only HEMPCD was able to remove both metals and organics, resulting in the virtual elimination of organics such as chloroform, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and nonylphenol. This result demonstrated the important role of cyclodextrin molecules in adsorption mechanism. HEMPCD also resulted in an important decrease in residual chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon of more than 83% and 53%, respectively, while the treatment with HEMP lowered them by 12% and 12%, HEMPBA by 9% and 7%, and HEMPM by 45% and 26%. Chemical abatement and toxicity mitigation have demonstrated that adsorption onto a nonconventional material could be an interesting treatment step for the detoxification of wastewater.","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"2013 1","pages":"25-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91316210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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