Oily sludge (OS) is a kind of solid waste with precious oil resources in the petroleum industry. Because OS poses a severe threat to the environment, the treatment of OS has been widely studied. In this work, OS was used to prepare porous sludge coke a through microwave pyrolysis and one-step ZnCl2 activation technique. The response surface methodology was designed to optimize the parameters of the preparation process of porous sludge coke, and the interaction between the parameters was further analyzed. The experimental result showed that the model could fit the experimental results well. The optimal iodine adsorption value of porous sludge coke, 785.23 mg/g, was obtained by using the response surface methodology when the microwave power was 797 W, the ZnCl2 addition ratio was 0.5, and the pyrolysis time was 25 min. The experimental result showed that the model could fit the experimental results well. The influence of ZnCl2 on the pyrolysis of OS was investigated through TG-FTIR. The results showed that the presence of ZnCl2 could prevent the fracture of C-H bond, reduce the rate of carbon source loss caused by the fracture of long-chain hydrocarbons to produce short-chain hydrocarbons in OS, and enrich the carbon source of sludge coke. On the other hand, the molten ZnCl2 occupied the tiny pores when the oil components in the OS volatilized, which can enrich the pore volume of the sludge coke.
{"title":"Preparation of Porous Coke by Microwave Pyrolysis of Oily Sludge: Optimization Through Response Surface Methodology and TG-FTIR Analysis","authors":"Wenxuan Li, Xiupeng Ma, Xiaoyan Leng, Yingfei Hou","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.2.8522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.2.8522","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Oily sludge (OS) is a kind of solid waste with precious oil resources in the petroleum industry. Because OS poses a severe threat to the environment, the treatment of OS has been widely studied. In this work, OS was used to prepare porous sludge coke a through microwave pyrolysis and one-step ZnCl2 activation technique. The response surface methodology was designed to optimize the parameters of the preparation process of porous sludge coke, and the interaction between the parameters was further analyzed. The experimental result showed that the model could fit the experimental results well. The optimal iodine adsorption value of porous sludge coke, 785.23 mg/g, was obtained by using the response surface methodology when the microwave power was 797 W, the ZnCl2 addition ratio was 0.5, and the pyrolysis time was 25 min. The experimental result showed that the model could fit the experimental results well. The influence of ZnCl2 on the pyrolysis of OS was investigated through TG-FTIR. The results showed that the presence of ZnCl2 could prevent the fracture of C-H bond, reduce the rate of carbon source loss caused by the fracture of long-chain hydrocarbons to produce short-chain hydrocarbons in OS, and enrich the carbon source of sludge coke. On the other hand, the molten ZnCl2 occupied the tiny pores when the oil components in the OS volatilized, which can enrich the pore volume of the sludge coke.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89637437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Significant research focus has recently been directed toward energy-saving and emission-reduction practices, as well as the unique benefits of an integrated working fluid in the oilfield industry. Surfactants cannot be widely used in engineering practice due to cost constraints. At the same time, there is no proper solution to the flowback liquid problem. SY-JS, a multifunctional surfactant, was developed to broaden the application of surfactants in the oilfield industry. It still meets the field operation requirements of a good fracturing fluid thickener with a shear rate of 170 s-1 at 140�C and salinity (NaCl or KCl) of 12-13%. When the fracturing fluid has finished its job and returns to the ground, the molecular structure of the surfactant in the flowback fluid was found to be complete after laboratory evaluation of the fracturing and oil displacement integrated working fluid systems. Surfactants with an intact molecular structure should retain their distinct lipophilic and hydrophilic properties. When groundwater and produced water are compounded and re-injected into the reservoir for oil displacement, 0.2 percent anionic surfactant B1-12 is used to balance the charge and reduce interfacial tension. The rock`s contact angle can be reduced by 56.95 percent, and the recovery rate can be increased by 6%. Based on these findings, the surfactant`s dynamic self-healing mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, the capillary force, interfacial tension, and wettability were combined to propose wettability determines capillary force direction and interfacial tension determines capillary force magnitude. Furthermore, it provides favorable evidence that interfacial tension does not always reach ultralow levels during reservoir exploitation.
{"title":"Multifunctional Surfactant: Integration of Fracturing Fluid Flooding","authors":"Meng Cun, Jincheng Mao, Jizhen Tian, Mingjin Cai, Xiaojiang Yang, Chon Lin, Zigao Huang","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8500","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Significant research focus has recently been directed toward energy-saving and emission-reduction practices, as well as the unique benefits of an integrated working fluid in the oilfield industry. Surfactants cannot be widely used in engineering practice due to cost constraints. At the same time, there is no proper solution to the flowback liquid problem. SY-JS, a multifunctional surfactant, was developed to broaden the application of surfactants in the oilfield industry. It still meets the field operation requirements of a good fracturing fluid thickener with a shear rate of 170 s-1 at 140�C and salinity (NaCl or KCl) of 12-13%. When the fracturing fluid has finished its job and returns to the ground, the molecular structure of the surfactant in the flowback fluid was found to be complete after laboratory evaluation of the fracturing and oil displacement integrated working fluid systems. Surfactants with an intact molecular structure should retain their distinct lipophilic and hydrophilic properties. When groundwater and produced water are compounded and re-injected into the reservoir for oil displacement, 0.2 percent anionic surfactant B1-12 is used to balance the charge and reduce interfacial tension. The rock`s contact angle can be reduced by 56.95 percent, and the recovery rate can be increased by 6%. Based on these findings, the surfactant`s dynamic self-healing mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, the capillary force, interfacial tension, and wettability were combined to propose wettability determines capillary force direction and interfacial tension determines capillary force magnitude. Furthermore, it provides favorable evidence that interfacial tension does not always reach ultralow levels during reservoir exploitation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74874605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Krishnan, M. S. Kavitha, Prakash Veerasamy Radhakrishnan, Murugesan Gurusamy
COVID 19, the virus which originated from a wet market in Wuhan, China. Since its exposure in December, 2019, the virus has spread to almost all the countries in the world, thus turning an epidemic into a pandemic. Although COVID 19 has taken a massive toll on the Human health and global economy, its outbreak has shown positive impacts on the environmental air quality. As the majority of the world is under lock down, the global air pollution has reduced by 40 percent during April 2020. This was identified with the assistance of the data collected from European and American Atmospheric monitoring sites. This article thus summarizes the positive effects of lock down and reduced human mobility, towards the improvement of environmental air quality.
{"title":"Short communication\u0000\u0000The Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Healing Effects on the Environment","authors":"M. Krishnan, M. S. Kavitha, Prakash Veerasamy Radhakrishnan, Murugesan Gurusamy","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8509","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000COVID 19, the virus which originated from a wet market in Wuhan, China. Since its exposure in December, 2019, the virus has spread to almost all the countries in the world, thus turning an epidemic into a pandemic. Although COVID 19 has taken a massive toll on the Human health and global economy, its outbreak has shown positive impacts on the environmental air quality. As the majority of the world is under lock down, the global air pollution has reduced by 40 percent during April 2020. This was identified with the assistance of the data collected from European and American Atmospheric monitoring sites. This article thus summarizes the positive effects of lock down and reduced human mobility, towards the improvement of environmental air quality.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84136452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The carbon dots were prepared by the microwave method, and then the TiO2 doped with carbon dots was successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Its structure was investigated using TEM, XRD and XPS. The catalyst was applied to the degradation of lignin base solution (50 mg of lignin in 30 mL of sodium hydroxide solution pH = 12) under ultraviolet light. It was found that when the mass ratio of carbon point to TiO2 was 1.5:1, the dosage of catalyst was 0.75 g/L, and the degradation time was 6 h, the degradation rate could reach more than 45%. The degradation rate of more than 40% could be maintained after seven cycles, indicating that the catalyst had good photocatalytic cycle stability. The degradation products were analyzed by GC-MS, and the main products were n-butyl acetate, butyl phthalate and alkanes with long carbon chains.
{"title":"Study on Degradation of Lignin by TiO2-based Photocatalyst Doped with Carbon Dots","authors":"Yu Tan, Mingyu He, Ying Li, M. Yimit","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8507","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The carbon dots were prepared by the microwave method, and then the TiO2 doped with carbon dots was successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Its structure was investigated using TEM, XRD and XPS. The catalyst was applied to the degradation of lignin base solution (50 mg of lignin in 30 mL of sodium hydroxide solution pH = 12) under ultraviolet light. It was found that when the mass ratio of carbon point to TiO2 was 1.5:1, the dosage of catalyst was 0.75 g/L, and the degradation time was 6 h, the degradation rate could reach more than 45%. The degradation rate of more than 40% could be maintained after seven cycles, indicating that the catalyst had good photocatalytic cycle stability. The degradation products were analyzed by GC-MS, and the main products were n-butyl acetate, butyl phthalate and alkanes with long carbon chains.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86467877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of heating temperature on the quality parameters of avocado and peanut oils subjected to heating. Vegetable oils were heated at varying temperatures (110, 140, 170, 200 and 230�C for 30 min) to follow quality alterations. Levels of peroxide value, iodine value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total polar compounds, refractive index, free acidity, and fatty acids composition were determined to measure the extent of lipid oxidation. Peroxide value was significantly (p [ 0.001) influenced by heating temperature in the case of peanut oil. Iodine value decreased significantly (p [ 0.01) in both oils with the increase in heating temperature due to the decrease of the unsaturation degree. Avocado oil showed the smallest increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and total polar compounds during heat treatment. The fatty acids profile of peanut oil was rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids with a level of 42%, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids with about 36%. The heat treatment of oils has produced changes in unsaturated fatty acids, these have undergone isomerization from cis to trans form. The increases of heating temperature up to 230�C significantly deteriorated the quality of peanut oil, but to a lesser extent the one of avocado oil.
{"title":"Oxidative Stability of Avocado and Peanut Oils Under Different Heating Temperatures","authors":"F. Pop, C. Semeniuc","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8468","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of heating temperature on the quality parameters of avocado and peanut oils subjected to heating. Vegetable oils were heated at varying temperatures (110, 140, 170, 200 and 230�C for 30 min) to follow quality alterations. Levels of peroxide value, iodine value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total polar compounds, refractive index, free acidity, and fatty acids composition were determined to measure the extent of lipid oxidation. Peroxide value was significantly (p [ 0.001) influenced by heating temperature in the case of peanut oil. Iodine value decreased significantly (p [ 0.01) in both oils with the increase in heating temperature due to the decrease of the unsaturation degree. Avocado oil showed the smallest increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and total polar compounds during heat treatment. The fatty acids profile of peanut oil was rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids with a level of 42%, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids with about 36%. The heat treatment of oils has produced changes in unsaturated fatty acids, these have undergone isomerization from cis to trans form. The increases of heating temperature up to 230�C significantly deteriorated the quality of peanut oil, but to a lesser extent the one of avocado oil.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86079434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong-jiu Zuo, Y. Qian, Haonan Zhang, Jianbo Liu, Lei Gong, Jun Zhou, Xiaoqi Yang
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most widely used processes to stabilize waste sewage sludge and produce biogas as renewable energy. This study investigated the effects of Fe3O4 NPs at different concentrations (0,100 and 300 mg/L) on AD. 100mg/L Fe3O4 NPs could increase gas production by 21.9% and reach the highest methane content of 66.75%. In addition, 100 mg/L Fe3O4 kept pH at an appropriate level. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the changes in surface morphology in sludge. The dynamics of cumulative biogas production and daily biogas production were studied by using the Logistic model and modified Gompertz model respectively. Other indices also had changed in the whole process, which in the end lead to the variation of biogas production. These results suggested that Fe3O4 NPs could increase microbial activity and relevant enzyme activities, caused changes and transitions between different phases in the system.
{"title":"Impact of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles on Methane Production from Anaerobic Digestion and Kinetic Analysis","authors":"Tong-jiu Zuo, Y. Qian, Haonan Zhang, Jianbo Liu, Lei Gong, Jun Zhou, Xiaoqi Yang","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8505","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most widely used processes to stabilize waste sewage sludge and produce biogas as renewable energy. This study investigated the effects of Fe3O4 NPs at different concentrations (0,100 and 300 mg/L) on AD. 100mg/L Fe3O4 NPs could increase gas production by 21.9% and reach the highest methane content of 66.75%. In addition, 100 mg/L Fe3O4 kept pH at an appropriate level. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the changes in surface morphology in sludge. The dynamics of cumulative biogas production and daily biogas production were studied by using the Logistic model and modified Gompertz model respectively. Other indices also had changed in the whole process, which in the end lead to the variation of biogas production. These results suggested that Fe3O4 NPs could increase microbial activity and relevant enzyme activities, caused changes and transitions between different phases in the system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76893656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinwei Jia, Jun Zhou, Haonan Zhang, Tong-jiu Zuo, Luyu Wang, Lei Gong, Feng Geng
In this study, the effect of inlet concentration of pollutants, empty bed residence time (EBRT) and liquid recycling velocity on the performance of the BTF was explored. The results showed the best operating characteristics of the biotrickling filter for this study were at an inlet concentration of 500 mg/m3�Cthe EBRT of 300s and liquid recycling velocity of 25.46 m h-1. At this condition, the total removal efficiency of pollutants can reach more than 90%. Among them, the removal efficiency of toluene and ethylbenzene was above 95%, and the xylene (m-xylene, o-xylene) could reach more than 70%, corresponding to elimination capacities (ECs) of 3.02 �} 0.33 g m-3 h-1, 1.81 �} 0.2 g m-3 h-1, 0.60 �} 0.07 g m-3 h-1. Through the fatty acid identification system and 16S rDNA identification, it could be found that the four dominant bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Belem Bacillus) had a significant effect on the removal of acrylic paint thinner. According to the detection of organic compounds by gas chromatography and the corresponding enzymes produced by four dominant bacteria, the pathways for microorganisms to degrade pollutants could be inferred. The absorption-biofilm theory and the adsorption-biofilm theory were used to simulate and verify the degradation process of exhaust gas at different concentrations respectively.
本研究探讨了污染物进口浓度、空床停留时间(EBRT)和液体循环速度对BTF性能的影响。结果表明，该生物滴滤器在进口浓度为500 mg/m3, EBRT为300s，液体循环速度为25.46 m h-1时的最佳运行特性。在此条件下，对污染物的总去除率可达90%以上。其中，甲苯和乙苯的去除率在95%以上，对二甲苯(间二甲苯、邻二甲苯)的去除率可达70%以上，对应的去除率(ECs)分别为3.02 μ} 0.33 g m-3 h-1、1.81 μ} 0.2 g m-3 h-1、0.60 μ} 0.07 g m-3 h-1。通过脂肪酸鉴定系统和16S rDNA鉴定，可以发现4种优势菌(蜡样芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、钙酸不动杆菌、贝伦芽孢杆菌)对丙烯酸涂料稀释剂的去除效果显著。根据气相色谱法对有机化合物的检测以及四种优势菌产生的相应酶，可以推断出微生物降解污染物的途径。分别采用吸附-生物膜理论和吸附-生物膜理论对不同浓度废气的降解过程进行了模拟和验证。
{"title":"Microbial Degradation Pathways of Acrylic Paint Thinner Gas in Biotrickling Filter and Comparison of Kinetic Models Under Different Gas Concentrations","authors":"Qinwei Jia, Jun Zhou, Haonan Zhang, Tong-jiu Zuo, Luyu Wang, Lei Gong, Feng Geng","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8508","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this study, the effect of inlet concentration of pollutants, empty bed residence time (EBRT) and liquid recycling velocity on the performance of the BTF was explored. The results showed the best operating characteristics of the biotrickling filter for this study were at an inlet concentration of 500 mg/m3�Cthe EBRT of 300s and liquid recycling velocity of 25.46 m h-1. At this condition, the total removal efficiency of pollutants can reach more than 90%. Among them, the removal efficiency of toluene and ethylbenzene was above 95%, and the xylene (m-xylene, o-xylene) could reach more than 70%, corresponding to elimination capacities (ECs) of 3.02 �} 0.33 g m-3 h-1, 1.81 �} 0.2 g m-3 h-1, 0.60 �} 0.07 g m-3 h-1. Through the fatty acid identification system and 16S rDNA identification, it could be found that the four dominant bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Belem Bacillus) had a significant effect on the removal of acrylic paint thinner. According to the detection of organic compounds by gas chromatography and the corresponding enzymes produced by four dominant bacteria, the pathways for microorganisms to degrade pollutants could be inferred. The absorption-biofilm theory and the adsorption-biofilm theory were used to simulate and verify the degradation process of exhaust gas at different concentrations respectively.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89969957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanliang Zeng, Chunfa Liao, Zhengxin Xu, Fupeng Liu
The mechanism of selective separation of antimony from copper anode slime leachate is studied. Density functional theory is used to calculate the unit cell energy, band structure, density of states, number of charge distributions and overlap populations of the SbCl3 hydrolysates SbOCl, Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2, and these are studied by infrared spectroscopy. The pathways for formation of SbOCl, Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2 in water, ethanol and ethylene glycol systems are clarified. The results show that the energy of the SbOCl unit cell is the lowest, and the structure is more stable. SbOCl exhibits strong electronic localization, weak orbital expansion, and more stability; SbOCl has a wider pseudoenergy gap, and its covalent bonds are stronger than those of Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2. Hydrolysis of SbCl3 leads to preferential generation of more stable structures. The charge distribution, the sizes of overlap populations, and the infrared spectra indicate that SbCl3 has been hydrolysed. There are two basic paths for the process of alcoholysis: a water- or alcohol-ionized hydroxyl replaces one chlorine atom in SbCl3 to form an [Sb(OH)Cl2] monomer, and as the degree of hydrolysis increases, the H and Cl atoms are removed to form SbOCl. Conversely, Sb3O4Cl, Sb4O5Cl2 or Sb atoms may be formed an [Sb-OH] monomer generated directly by water- or alcohol-ionised hydroxyl groups, and Cl atoms replace the H atom in the hydroxyl group of the [Sb-OH] monomer to form SbOCl, Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2.
{"title":"The Mechanism of Selective Separation of Antimony from Chloride Leachate of Copper Anode Slime","authors":"Yanliang Zeng, Chunfa Liao, Zhengxin Xu, Fupeng Liu","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8506","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The mechanism of selective separation of antimony from copper anode slime leachate is studied. Density functional theory is used to calculate the unit cell energy, band structure, density of states, number of charge distributions and overlap populations of the SbCl3 hydrolysates SbOCl, Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2, and these are studied by infrared spectroscopy. The pathways for formation of SbOCl, Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2 in water, ethanol and ethylene glycol systems are clarified. The results show that the energy of the SbOCl unit cell is the lowest, and the structure is more stable. SbOCl exhibits strong electronic localization, weak orbital expansion, and more stability; SbOCl has a wider pseudoenergy gap, and its covalent bonds are stronger than those of Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2. Hydrolysis of SbCl3 leads to preferential generation of more stable structures. The charge distribution, the sizes of overlap populations, and the infrared spectra indicate that SbCl3 has been hydrolysed. There are two basic paths for the process of alcoholysis: a water- or alcohol-ionized hydroxyl replaces one chlorine atom in SbCl3 to form an [Sb(OH)Cl2] monomer, and as the degree of hydrolysis increases, the H and Cl atoms are removed to form SbOCl. Conversely, Sb3O4Cl, Sb4O5Cl2 or Sb atoms may be formed an [Sb-OH] monomer generated directly by water- or alcohol-ionised hydroxyl groups, and Cl atoms replace the H atom in the hydroxyl group of the [Sb-OH] monomer to form SbOCl, Sb3O4Cl and Sb4O5Cl2.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73249748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Chaves-Bedoya, Edgar Joel Vera, Luz Yineth Ortíz-Rojas
Phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract of Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam (Family Rutaceae) collected in the La Garita district, Municipality of Los Patios in Norte de Santander, Colombia, is reported. Ethanolic extracts by simple maceration were concentrated at reduced pressure. Secondary metabolites found in preliminary identification demonstrated the presence of of alkaloids, tannins, carotenoids, anthocyanins, coumarins, cardiotonics, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, sesquiterpen-lactones, and triterpenoids. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis identified the presence of ten compounds, with a-trans-farnesene (33.5%) as the main constituent, followed by trans-a-caryophyllene (28.1%), S-cadinene (9.7%), caryophyllene oxide (8.3%) and a-muurolene (8.1%). Some of these compounds have been reported with biological properties such as antiparasitic, antimicrobial or cytotoxic, so Zanthoxylum caribaeum is a promising species in the Department of North Santander as a source of compounds chemicals with important biological activity.
{"title":"Phytochemical Characterization of Ethanolic Extracts of the Leaves of Zanthoxylum Caribaeum Lam and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity Against Burkholderia Glumae","authors":"G. Chaves-Bedoya, Edgar Joel Vera, Luz Yineth Ortíz-Rojas","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8502","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract of Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam (Family Rutaceae) collected in the La Garita district, Municipality of Los Patios in Norte de Santander, Colombia, is reported. Ethanolic extracts by simple maceration were concentrated at reduced pressure. Secondary metabolites found in preliminary identification demonstrated the presence of of alkaloids, tannins, carotenoids, anthocyanins, coumarins, cardiotonics, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, sesquiterpen-lactones, and triterpenoids. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis identified the presence of ten compounds, with a-trans-farnesene (33.5%) as the main constituent, followed by trans-a-caryophyllene (28.1%), S-cadinene (9.7%), caryophyllene oxide (8.3%) and a-muurolene (8.1%). Some of these compounds have been reported with biological properties such as antiparasitic, antimicrobial or cytotoxic, so Zanthoxylum caribaeum is a promising species in the Department of North Santander as a source of compounds chemicals with important biological activity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78129381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper tries to find out the working mechanism of birth of one of the nowadays most used scientometric indicators, the Hirsch-index. The effort spent deals with the human feeling called frustration. It is shown how the frustration of a physicist became the basis of an invention of an indicator considered worldwide the best for evaluating the scientific performance of individual researchers.
{"title":"Jorge Eduardo Hirsch and the Hirsch-index** a Personal Chronicle","authors":"Tibor Braun","doi":"10.37358/rc.22.1.8511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37358/rc.22.1.8511","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The paper tries to find out the working mechanism of birth of one of the nowadays most used scientometric indicators, the Hirsch-index. The effort spent deals with the human feeling called frustration. It is shown how the frustration of a physicist became the basis of an invention of an indicator considered worldwide the best for evaluating the scientific performance of individual researchers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21296,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Chimie","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90587566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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