Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.2.9
H. Ghaleh, M. Farzanehpour, Morteza Mirzaei, S. Y. Sehri, Taleb Badri, Ali Razei
"A rare zoonotic disease, monkeypox is brought on by the Monkeypox virus, which is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Poxviridae family. Smallpox-like symptoms are brought on by the monkeypox disease, which is closely linked to the variola virus (smallpox virus). In the past, it has been demonstrated that smallpox vaccination with the vaccinia virus (another orthopoxvirus) is 85% protective against monkeypox. The two most likely forms of monkeypox transmission are animal-human transmission and human-human transmission. Transmission between people has been connected to respiratory droplets, coming into contact with bodily fluids, contaminated patient things or surroundings, and skin lesions on infected people. Numerous strategies or tactics have been developed by monkeypox to subvert or exacerbate the host's immune reaction to infection. A crucial element of innate immunity, natural killer [NK] cells employ cytokines to kill virus-infected cells and interfere with the operation of other cell types like T cells and dendritic cells. Studies have shown that the smallpox vaccine provides cross-protection against other Orthopoxvirus species, including monkeypox. This study was out to provide a thorough overview of the pathogenesis, prevention, risks, immune response problems, and analysis of possible concerns associated with the monkeypox virus."
{"title":"Monkeypox: Pathogenesis, Prevention, Threats, Challenges and Immune Response Against It","authors":"H. Ghaleh, M. Farzanehpour, Morteza Mirzaei, S. Y. Sehri, Taleb Badri, Ali Razei","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"\"A rare zoonotic disease, monkeypox is brought on by the Monkeypox virus, which is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Poxviridae family. Smallpox-like symptoms are brought on by the monkeypox disease, which is closely linked to the variola virus (smallpox virus). In the past, it has been demonstrated that smallpox vaccination with the vaccinia virus (another orthopoxvirus) is 85% protective against monkeypox. The two most likely forms of monkeypox transmission are animal-human transmission and human-human transmission. Transmission between people has been connected to respiratory droplets, coming into contact with bodily fluids, contaminated patient things or surroundings, and skin lesions on infected people. Numerous strategies or tactics have been developed by monkeypox to subvert or exacerbate the host's immune reaction to infection. A crucial element of innate immunity, natural killer [NK] cells employ cytokines to kill virus-infected cells and interfere with the operation of other cell types like T cells and dendritic cells. Studies have shown that the smallpox vaccine provides cross-protection against other Orthopoxvirus species, including monkeypox. This study was out to provide a thorough overview of the pathogenesis, prevention, risks, immune response problems, and analysis of possible concerns associated with the monkeypox virus.\"","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140083810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.3
T. F. Langroudi, Sajedeh Kouchaki, Maryam Heydari, Kiomars Omidi
Background: Lung tissue changes following COVID-19 may persist for a long time after discharge and recovery, but not enough information is available about these chronic pulmonary sequels. We addressed to evaluation of chronic pulmonary sequels on CT scans of patients with COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 94 patients with COVID-19 who were evaluated by CT scan at the time of discharge and also underwent continuous evaluation by CT scan of the lungs for at least three months. Through reviewing the hospital archive files, patients' backgrounds and three-month follow-up information were collected. Results: Chronic pulmonary involvement during the follow-up of patients was found in 83%. Peripheral and diffuse involvements were revealed in 79.8% and 3.2% respectively. Also, single-lobar and multi-lobar involvements were found in 69.1%% and 13.8% respectively. In terms of abnormal lung findings on CT scan, ground-glass opacity was found in 20.2%, Crazy paving pattern in 2.1%, reticulation in 3.2%, parenchymal band in 12.8%, consolidation in 1.1% and bronchiectasis in 3.2%. The mean CT score was also 4.21 ± 3.45. The appearance of findings in CT patients was strongly influenced by the patients 'age, body mass index, underlying comorbidities, and also, the severity of initial COVID-19. Conclusion: Within at least three months of disease recovery in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, evidence of pulmonary involvement in 83% in the form of chronic pulmonary sequels can be expected. The most common findings related to pulmonary involvement included GOO in 20.2% and parenchymal band in 12.8% of cases.
{"title":"Chronic Pulmonary Sequels on CT Scans of Patients with Covid-19","authors":"T. F. Langroudi, Sajedeh Kouchaki, Maryam Heydari, Kiomars Omidi","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung tissue changes following COVID-19 may persist for a long time after discharge and recovery, but not \u0000enough information is available about these chronic pulmonary sequels. We addressed to evaluation of chronic pulmonary \u0000sequels on CT scans of patients with COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 94 patients with COVID-19\u0000who were evaluated by CT scan at the time of discharge and also underwent continuous evaluation by CT scan of the lungs for at \u0000least three months. Through reviewing the hospital archive files, patients' backgrounds and three-month follow-up information \u0000were collected. Results: Chronic pulmonary involvement during the follow-up of patients was found in 83%. Peripheral and diffuse \u0000involvements were revealed in 79.8% and 3.2% respectively. Also, single-lobar and multi-lobar involvements were found in \u000069.1%% and 13.8% respectively. In terms of abnormal lung findings on CT scan, ground-glass opacity was found in 20.2%, Crazy paving pattern in 2.1%, reticulation in 3.2%, parenchymal band in 12.8%, consolidation in 1.1% and bronchiectasis in 3.2%. The \u0000mean CT score was also 4.21 ± 3.45. The appearance of findings in CT patients was strongly influenced by the patients 'age, body \u0000mass index, underlying comorbidities, and also, the severity of initial COVID-19. Conclusion: Within at least three months of \u0000disease recovery in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, evidence of pulmonary involvement in 83% in the form of chronic \u0000pulmonary sequels can be expected. The most common findings related to pulmonary involvement included GOO in 20.2% and \u0000parenchymal band in 12.8% of cases.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.10
Richa Sharma, G. Sharma, Richa Saxena, E. Rajni, Mohammed Shoaib
The most common problem of modern medicine is the development of increasing antifungal drug resistance nowadays including fungal infections of the skin and its appendages caused by dermatomycetes, yeast-like fungi, and molds so, there will be a need for alternative antifungal treatment. Natural substances with high antifungal properties like essential oils and their components show potential in this regard. Citrus lemon and Citrus sinensis essential oils were screened against Malassezia furfur by disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration was determined by Modified Microdilution method. Citrus lemon (lemon) and Citrus sinensis (orange) show excellent inhibitory effects on the lipophilic, yeast-like fungus Malassezia furfur which causes Pityriasis versicolor, a chronic superficial fungal disease of the skin. The diameter of the inhibition zone was found to be 70 mm and 60 mm respectively. Malassezia furfur was found to be resistant against Clotrimazole & Ketoconazole. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of lemon and orange oil against Malassezia furfur was found to be 0.6 µl/ml and 0.8 µl/ml. These findings concluded that the use of Citrus lemon (lemon) and Citrus sinensis (orange) oil showed remarkable and excellent antifungal activity, and can be used as a traditional herbal medicine for the control of Pityriasis versicolor infection of the skin after undergoing clinical trials.
{"title":"Essential Oils and their Components in Combating Fungal Pathogens of Human Skin-lipophilic Yeast Malassezia furfur","authors":"Richa Sharma, G. Sharma, Richa Saxena, E. Rajni, Mohammed Shoaib","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The most common problem of modern medicine is the development of increasing antifungal drug resistance nowadays\u0000including fungal infections of the skin and its appendages caused by dermatomycetes, yeast-like fungi, and molds so, there will \u0000be a need for alternative antifungal treatment. Natural substances with high antifungal properties like essential oils and their \u0000components show potential in this regard. Citrus lemon and Citrus sinensis essential oils were screened against Malassezia furfur \u0000by disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration was determined by Modified Microdilution method. Citrus lemon \u0000(lemon) and Citrus sinensis (orange) show excellent inhibitory effects on the lipophilic, yeast-like fungus Malassezia furfur which \u0000causes Pityriasis versicolor, a chronic superficial fungal disease of the skin. The diameter of the inhibition zone was found to be \u000070 mm and 60 mm respectively. Malassezia furfur was found to be resistant against Clotrimazole & Ketoconazole. The minimum\u0000inhibitory concentration (MIC) of lemon and orange oil against Malassezia furfur was found to be 0.6 µl/ml and 0.8 µl/ml. These \u0000findings concluded that the use of Citrus lemon (lemon) and Citrus sinensis (orange) oil showed remarkable and excellent \u0000antifungal activity, and can be used as a traditional herbal medicine for the control of Pityriasis versicolor infection of the skin \u0000after undergoing clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.6
Octavian Vasiliu, A. Mangalagiu, B. Petrescu, C. Cândea, Cristina F. Pleșa, Roxana E. Bratu-Bizic, A. F. Făinărea, Mihaela C. Pătrașcu, Cristian Năstase, C. A. Sirbu
The assessment of coping mechanisms in patients diagnosed with oncological diseases is essential for mental health specialists, who have to design the most appropriate case management strategy for comorbid mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, and other psychiatric conditions that may be detected in this vulnerable population. The adequate treatment of these disorders is important for the preservation of mental health status, quality of life, and overall functionality in patients diagnosed with cancer. Coping mechanisms modulate the vulnerability toward psychiatric disorders, but they also have an impact on treatment adherence, which is an important factor correlating with prognosis. Appraisal-focused, problem-focused, emotion-focused, and occupation-focused coping represent the most well-defined strategies patients use when confronted with a stressful life situation, like a diagnosis with potentially vital consequences. Maladaptive coping strategies may also be identified in these patients, e.g., withdrawal from reality, including complete or partial denial of the disease, substance abuse, behavioral addictions, refusal of the recommended treatment, etc. The psychotherapeutic approach in patients with oncological diseases should include an initial evaluation of the coping strategies used either currently or in the past stressful conditions, an assessment of all the psychosocial resources the patients have (e.,g., support group, professional insertion, hobbies), and screening for mood and anxiety disorders that may have been triggered by the cancer diagnosis. Consequently, within the psychotherapeutic framework, a trained specialist can enhance the role of adaptive coping strategies and highlight the disadvantages of dysfunctional ones. This process may possess a favorable impact on treatment adherence, mental health status, and quality of life in patients with cancer.
{"title":"Functional and Dysfunctional Coping Strategies in Patients Diagnosed with Cancer – From Initial Assessment to Therapeutic Interventions","authors":"Octavian Vasiliu, A. Mangalagiu, B. Petrescu, C. Cândea, Cristina F. Pleșa, Roxana E. Bratu-Bizic, A. F. Făinărea, Mihaela C. Pătrașcu, Cristian Năstase, C. A. Sirbu","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of coping mechanisms in patients diagnosed with oncological diseases is essential for mental health \u0000specialists, who have to design the most appropriate case management strategy for comorbid mood disorders, anxiety disorders, \u0000adjustment disorders, and other psychiatric conditions that may be detected in this vulnerable population. The adequate \u0000treatment of these disorders is important for the preservation of mental health status, quality of life, and overall functionality in \u0000patients diagnosed with cancer. Coping mechanisms modulate the vulnerability toward psychiatric disorders, but they also have\u0000an impact on treatment adherence, which is an important factor correlating with prognosis. Appraisal-focused, problem-focused, \u0000emotion-focused, and occupation-focused coping represent the most well-defined strategies patients use when confronted with \u0000a stressful life situation, like a diagnosis with potentially vital consequences. Maladaptive coping strategies may also be identified \u0000in these patients, e.g., withdrawal from reality, including complete or partial denial of the disease, substance abuse, behavioral \u0000addictions, refusal of the recommended treatment, etc. The psychotherapeutic approach in patients with oncological diseases \u0000should include an initial evaluation of the coping strategies used either currently or in the past stressful conditions, an assessment \u0000of all the psychosocial resources the patients have (e.,g., support group, professional insertion, hobbies), and screening for mood \u0000and anxiety disorders that may have been triggered by the cancer diagnosis. Consequently, within the psychotherapeutic \u0000framework, a trained specialist can enhance the role of adaptive coping strategies and highlight the disadvantages of \u0000dysfunctional ones. This process may possess a favorable impact on treatment adherence, mental health status, and quality of \u0000life in patients with cancer.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.7
M. Paveliu, C. P. Radu, Bogdan C. Pana
Background and Aim: Health technology assessment for drugs is a necessary step in developing health policies that are focused on patients and getting the best value for scarce resources. One important feature of health technology assessment is transparency. In many countries, health technology assessment is followed by negotiations between pharmaceutical companies and health authorities to determine whether a drug will be publicly funded. These negotiations often result in Managed Entry Agreements, which typically include confidentiality clauses covering the final price of the drug. Methods: We reviewed Romanian legislation starting in 2014 to assess the level of confidentiality and transparency in drug pricing and reimbursement. Results: We found that for drugs with Managed Entry Agreements, the level of discounts is confidential, the public does not know how much the government is paying for each of these drugs, the volumes (units) of drugs are not transparently published by the payer, the outcomes, in terms of patients treated by therapeutic area, therapeutic success, and resource utilization, are confidential. Conclusions: We consider that too much confidentiality can prevent the public from knowing if the government is getting good value for money, but too little confidentiality can lead to higher drug prices or a lack of drugs from the market.
{"title":"Confidentiality in the Pharmaceutical Managed Entry Agreements in Romania","authors":"M. Paveliu, C. P. Radu, Bogdan C. Pana","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Health technology assessment for drugs is a necessary step in developing health policies that are \u0000focused on patients and getting the best value for scarce resources. One important feature of health technology assessment is \u0000transparency. In many countries, health technology assessment is followed by negotiations between pharmaceutical companies \u0000and health authorities to determine whether a drug will be publicly funded. These negotiations often result in Managed Entry \u0000Agreements, which typically include confidentiality clauses covering the final price of the drug. Methods: We reviewed Romanian \u0000legislation starting in 2014 to assess the level of confidentiality and transparency in drug pricing and reimbursement. Results: We \u0000found that for drugs with Managed Entry Agreements, the level of discounts is confidential, the public does not know how much \u0000the government is paying for each of these drugs, the volumes (units) of drugs are not transparently published by the payer, the \u0000outcomes, in terms of patients treated by therapeutic area, therapeutic success, and resource utilization, are confidential. \u0000Conclusions: We consider that too much confidentiality can prevent the public from knowing if the government is getting good \u0000value for money, but too little confidentiality can lead to higher drug prices or a lack of drugs from the market.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.5
Á. Bustamante-Sánchez, V. Clemente-Suárez
Body composition has been associated with better performance in military populations. However, there is no consensus about the most suitable body composition values for army paratroopers. To analyze body composition differences among the type of specialty, age group, and gender of army paratroopers, for a better improvement of their operability. 104 paratroopers of the Spanish Army were analyzed. Anthropometric and morphological data were analysed throw an In-Body720. There was a significant effect of age on intracellular water. Older soldiers had lower values of intracellular water, protein, and skeletal muscle mass than middle-aged soldiers. No significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for the effect of the kind of work and age together or taken separately. Men had significantly higher values than women for height, weight, extracellular water, protein, fat-free mass, and skeletal muscle mass, and significantly lower values for the percentage of body fat, while no differences were found for body fat mass and body mass index. We conclude that paratroopers’ body composition depends on age in skeletal muscle mass, intracellular water, and protein. For better unit readiness, soldiers must be monitored to analyze the effect of training and nutrition habits on their body composition.
{"title":"Body Composition Differences in Army Paratroopers: Effect of Speciality, Age, and Gender","authors":"Á. Bustamante-Sánchez, V. Clemente-Suárez","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Body composition has been associated with better performance in military populations. However, there is no consensus \u0000about the most suitable body composition values for army paratroopers. To analyze body composition differences among the \u0000type of specialty, age group, and gender of army paratroopers, for a better improvement of their operability. 104 paratroopers \u0000of the Spanish Army were analyzed. Anthropometric and morphological data were analysed throw an In-Body720. There was a \u0000significant effect of age on intracellular water. Older soldiers had lower values of intracellular water, protein, and skeletal muscle \u0000mass than middle-aged soldiers. No significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for the effect of the kind of work and age together or taken \u0000separately. Men had significantly higher values than women for height, weight, extracellular water, protein, fat-free mass, and \u0000skeletal muscle mass, and significantly lower values for the percentage of body fat, while no differences were found for body fat \u0000mass and body mass index. We conclude that paratroopers’ body composition depends on age in skeletal muscle mass, \u0000intracellular water, and protein. For better unit readiness, soldiers must be monitored to analyze the effect of training and \u0000nutrition habits on their body composition.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.4
Mohammad A. Esfahani, Maryam Eslami, Omeed Memarsadeghi, Niusha Samadaeian, S. Savad
Background: Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS) and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) are two syndromes that are poorly diagnosed in many affected people due to mild and subtle symptoms, genetic complexity, and lack of familiarity with the hallmarks. Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining mutations in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes in Iranian children suspected of SRS and BWS by the MS-MLPA method. Methods: In this case series study, which was conducted in 2022 in Pars Genome Laboratory, Karaj, Iran, 10 children suspected of SRS or BWS syndrome were included. These 10 Iranian children were referred by pediatric endocrinologists. 5 ml of peripheral blood was taken per patient for DNA extraction. MS-MLPA method was undertaken for possible mutations (methylation and deletion) in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes. Results: The interpretation of MS-MLPA results showed that out of 10 children (4 boys and 6 girls) suspected of having SRS or BWS syndrome (based on the pediatric endocrinologist’s diagnosis), only 3 children were definitively diagnosed with SRS or BWS syndrome. Based on this, methylation changes in the promoter of ICR1 and ICR2, which are related to the genes H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1, lead to the development of SRS or BWS syndrome. Conclusion: The present findings showed that methylation changes in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes are associated with the occurrence of SRS or BWS syndrome. In this study, we show that MS-MLPA can serve as a rapid, inexpensive, and reliable method for the molecular diagnosis of these syndromes.
{"title":"Investigation of Mutations in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 Genes in Iranian Children Suspected of Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS) and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) with MS-MLPA","authors":"Mohammad A. Esfahani, Maryam Eslami, Omeed Memarsadeghi, Niusha Samadaeian, S. Savad","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS) and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) are two syndromes that are \u0000poorly diagnosed in many affected people due to mild and subtle symptoms, genetic complexity, and lack of familiarity with the \u0000hallmarks. Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining mutations in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, \u0000and NSD1 genes in Iranian children suspected of SRS and BWS by the MS-MLPA method. Methods: In this case series study, which \u0000was conducted in 2022 in Pars Genome Laboratory, Karaj, Iran, 10 children suspected of SRS or BWS syndrome were included. \u0000These 10 Iranian children were referred by pediatric endocrinologists. 5 ml of peripheral blood was taken per patient for DNA \u0000extraction. MS-MLPA method was undertaken for possible mutations (methylation and deletion) in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, \u0000and NSD1 genes. Results: The interpretation of MS-MLPA results showed that out of 10 children (4 boys and 6 girls) suspected of \u0000having SRS or BWS syndrome (based on the pediatric endocrinologist’s diagnosis), only 3 children were definitively diagnosed \u0000with SRS or BWS syndrome. Based on this, methylation changes in the promoter of ICR1 and ICR2, which are related to the genes\u0000H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1, lead to the development of SRS or BWS syndrome. Conclusion: The present findings \u0000showed that methylation changes in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes are associated with the occurrence of SRS or \u0000BWS syndrome. In this study, we show that MS-MLPA can serve as a rapid, inexpensive, and reliable method for the molecular \u0000diagnosis of these syndromes.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.2
Camelia G. Lipan, D. Mischianu, Vlad I. Voda, Radu A. Amza, C. A. Sirbu, F. Antochi, Adina M. Roceanu
Besides the motor and sensory dysfunction that characterizes multiple sclerosis, during the disease evolution and with the accumulation of new demyelinating lesions in specific areas of the central nervous system, autonomic dysfunction be-comes more prevalent among patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. Although not usually addressed, the complex spectrum of autonomic dysfunction manifestations has the potential of a negative impact on the daily activities of multiple sclerosis patients, needing specific investigations and therapeutic measures destined to alleviate symptoms and increase the quality of life. Since urinary dysfunction is evident from the early stages of multiple sclerosis on urodynamic studies even in patients without urinary complaints, it is indicated to thoroughly screen for urinary tract dysfunction as well as other autonomic dysfunctions in all the multiple sclerosis patients.
{"title":"Management of Urinary Dysfunction in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Camelia G. Lipan, D. Mischianu, Vlad I. Voda, Radu A. Amza, C. A. Sirbu, F. Antochi, Adina M. Roceanu","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Besides the motor and sensory dysfunction that characterizes multiple sclerosis, during the disease evolution and with \u0000the accumulation of new demyelinating lesions in specific areas of the central nervous system, autonomic dysfunction be-comes \u0000more prevalent among patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. Although not usually addressed, the complex spectrum of \u0000autonomic dysfunction manifestations has the potential of a negative impact on the daily activities of multiple sclerosis patients, \u0000needing specific investigations and therapeutic measures destined to alleviate symptoms and increase the quality of life. Since \u0000urinary dysfunction is evident from the early stages of multiple sclerosis on urodynamic studies even in patients without urinary \u0000complaints, it is indicated to thoroughly screen for urinary tract dysfunction as well as other autonomic dysfunctions in all the \u0000multiple sclerosis patients.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.1
Octavian Vasiliu, A. Mangalagiu, B. Petrescu, C. Cândea, Cristina F. Pleșa, Daniela Ungureanu, Monica Dobre, Diana G. Vasiliu, Cristian Năstase, C. A. Sirbu
Erectile dysfunction (ED) has an intricate pathogenesis, with organic and psychosocial factors contributing to the shaping of its clinical manifestations and functional impairment. ED disrupts not only an individual’s sexual life but may also contribute to impairments of self-esteem, social functioning, quality of life, overall well-being, mood, etc. The assessment process and therapeutic interventions should be adequate to the specific profile of each patient, therefore an interdisciplinary approach is usually recommended, in order to find the vulnerability factors, recent triggers, psychiatric and organic comorbidities or causes, and elements that contribute to maintaining the sexual dysfunction, such as lifestyle factors, interpersonal conflicts, or inadequate sexual education. This narrative review explores the evidence-based approaches to structured psychiatric, psychological, and therapeutical assessment in patients with ED, and the most validated psychosocial treatments available. The results support the use of recognized diagnostic criteria within DSM-5TR and ICD-11, together with structured instruments (scales, questionnaires, and inventories), in a multidisciplinary approach. The cognitive model and cognitive-emotional model of ED support the initiation of cognitive-behavioral therapy in these patients. Other interventions, like the PLISSIT model, sexual therapy, couple therapy, and sexual-focused psychoeducation are also supported by evidence. In conclusion, ED requires a combined, psychiatric, psychologic, psychotherapeutic, and organic-oriented assessment, with the purpose of tailoring the treatment to the patient’s particularities.
勃起功能障碍（ED）的发病机制错综复杂，其临床表现和功能障碍的形成既有器质性因素，也有社会心理因素。勃起功能障碍不仅扰乱个人的性生活，还可能导致自尊、社交功能、生活质量、整体健康和情绪等方面的损害。评估过程和治疗干预措施应与每位患者的具体情况相适应，因此通常建议采用跨学科方法，以找出易感因素、近期诱发因素、精神和器质性合并症或病因，以及导致性功能障碍持续存在的因素，如生活方式因素、人际冲突或性教育不足等。这篇叙述性综述探讨了对 ED 患者进行结构化精神、心理和治疗评估的循证方法，以及最有效的心理社会治疗方法。研究结果支持在多学科方法中使用 DSM-5TR 和 ICD-11 中的公认诊断标准以及结构化工具（量表、问卷和清单）。认知模式和认知情感模式支持对这些患者启动认知行为疗法。其他干预措施，如 PLISSIT 模型、性治疗、夫妻治疗和以性为重点的心理教育也得到了证据支持。总之，ED 需要进行综合的精神、心理、心理治疗和器质性评估，目的是根据患者的具体情况进行治疗。
{"title":"The Psychiatric, Psychological, and Psychotherapeutic Approach to Erectile Dysfunction – Between Good Practices and Clinical Challenges","authors":"Octavian Vasiliu, A. Mangalagiu, B. Petrescu, C. Cândea, Cristina F. Pleșa, Daniela Ungureanu, Monica Dobre, Diana G. Vasiliu, Cristian Năstase, C. A. Sirbu","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Erectile dysfunction (ED) has an intricate pathogenesis, with organic and psychosocial factors contributing to the \u0000shaping of its clinical manifestations and functional impairment. ED disrupts not only an individual’s sexual life but may also \u0000contribute to impairments of self-esteem, social functioning, quality of life, overall well-being, mood, etc. The assessment process \u0000and therapeutic interventions should be adequate to the specific profile of each patient, therefore an interdisciplinary approach \u0000is usually recommended, in order to find the vulnerability factors, recent triggers, psychiatric and organic comorbidities or causes, \u0000and elements that contribute to maintaining the sexual dysfunction, such as lifestyle factors, interpersonal conflicts, or \u0000inadequate sexual education. This narrative review explores the evidence-based approaches to structured psychiatric, \u0000psychological, and therapeutical assessment in patients with ED, and the most validated psychosocial treatments available. The \u0000results support the use of recognized diagnostic criteria within DSM-5TR and ICD-11, together with structured instruments (scales, \u0000questionnaires, and inventories), in a multidisciplinary approach. The cognitive model and cognitive-emotional model of ED \u0000support the initiation of cognitive-behavioral therapy in these patients. Other interventions, like the PLISSIT model, sexual \u0000therapy, couple therapy, and sexual-focused psychoeducation are also supported by evidence. In conclusion, ED requires a \u0000combined, psychiatric, psychologic, psychotherapeutic, and organic-oriented assessment, with the purpose of tailoring the \u0000treatment to the patient’s particularities.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.8
Rahim al Moushaly, D. Păduraru, O. Andronic, Sorina Nechita, A. Bolocan, F. Șandru, M. Dumitrașcu, D. Ion
Breast cancer remains a significant health concern, with predictions indicating a rise in global incidence. While the primary focus is on oncological radicality, the aesthetic and psychological impacts of surgical interventions, such as radical mastectomy, cannot be ignored. This study, conducted over 8 years, aimed to identify factors that can prevent unnecessary lymphadenectomy. The research analyzed various parameters, including age, BMI, tumor size, and immunohistochemistry, to determine their correlation with axillary lymph node invasion. The results highlighted the importance of tumor size and estrogen receptor status in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis. The study underscores the value of sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer treatment, emphasizing its benefits over complete axillary lymph node dissection.
{"title":"Sentinel Node Biopsy Positivity: Is Axillary Dissection Always Necessary? – A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Rahim al Moushaly, D. Păduraru, O. Andronic, Sorina Nechita, A. Bolocan, F. Șandru, M. Dumitrașcu, D. Ion","doi":"10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer remains a significant health concern, with predictions indicating a rise in global incidence. While the \u0000primary focus is on oncological radicality, the aesthetic and psychological impacts of surgical interventions, such as radical \u0000mastectomy, cannot be ignored. This study, conducted over 8 years, aimed to identify factors that can prevent unnecessary \u0000lymphadenectomy. The research analyzed various parameters, including age, BMI, tumor size, and immunohistochemistry, to \u0000determine their correlation with axillary lymph node invasion. The results highlighted the importance of tumor size and estrogen \u0000receptor status in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis. The study underscores the value of sentinel lymph node biopsy in \u0000early breast cancer treatment, emphasizing its benefits over complete axillary lymph node dissection.","PeriodicalId":21298,"journal":{"name":"Romanian Journal of Military Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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