Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230048
ABST RACT - Reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) and rainfall are basic variables for estimating the net irrigation depth (NID). The objective of this study was to estimate the NID for designing irrigation systems in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, using ET 0 and rainfall probability distributions. A 30-year ET 0 and rainfall dataset (1990–2019) was obtained from the ESALQ/USP weather station. The water balance between ET 0 and rainfall indicated July, August, and September as months of higher water de fi cit. Based on the fi rst-order Markov chain, August presented the highest water de fi cit. Rainfall and ET 0 were estimated on 19 probability levels, and four probability distributions such as normal, log-normal, beta, and mixed gamma were evaluated. The analysis of historical August series using accumulated values in periods of fi ve, ten, or 15 days is recommended for sizing irrigation designs in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The log-normal and mixed gamma probability distributions presented the best fi t for ET 0 and rainfall data, respectively. To reach a crop coe ffi cient K c = 1 in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil in August, the irrigation system should be designed for an NID of 4.1 mm day − 1 . The use of mean monthly rainfall and ET 0 values for designing irrigation systems underestimates the NID by a mean of 26.6% compared to estimates made at a probability of 75% at fi ve-, ten, and 15-day intervals because the mean rainfall values occurred with exceedance probabilities of < 36%, and mean ET 0 values occurred with non-exceedance
{"title":"Evaluation of irrigation requirement for the design of an irrigation system using a probabilistic approach for the estimation of evapotranspiration and rainfall","authors":"","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230048","url":null,"abstract":"ABST RACT - Reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) and rainfall are basic variables for estimating the net irrigation depth (NID). The objective of this study was to estimate the NID for designing irrigation systems in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, using ET 0 and rainfall probability distributions. A 30-year ET 0 and rainfall dataset (1990–2019) was obtained from the ESALQ/USP weather station. The water balance between ET 0 and rainfall indicated July, August, and September as months of higher water de fi cit. Based on the fi rst-order Markov chain, August presented the highest water de fi cit. Rainfall and ET 0 were estimated on 19 probability levels, and four probability distributions such as normal, log-normal, beta, and mixed gamma were evaluated. The analysis of historical August series using accumulated values in periods of fi ve, ten, or 15 days is recommended for sizing irrigation designs in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The log-normal and mixed gamma probability distributions presented the best fi t for ET 0 and rainfall data, respectively. To reach a crop coe ffi cient K c = 1 in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil in August, the irrigation system should be designed for an NID of 4.1 mm day − 1 . The use of mean monthly rainfall and ET 0 values for designing irrigation systems underestimates the NID by a mean of 26.6% compared to estimates made at a probability of 75% at fi ve-, ten, and 15-day intervals because the mean rainfall values occurred with exceedance probabilities of < 36%, and mean ET 0 values occurred with non-exceedance","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230049
- The e ff ects of machinery tra ffi c and cover crops on soil physical properties have been underexplored under no-till agricultural production in subtropical environments. The objective of this study was to quantify the soil water in fi ltration rate and related soil physical properties in response to tractor tra ffi c levels (0, 2, 5, and 20 passes) and the presence or absence of cover crops in a Xanthic Hapludox soil over two growing seasons under no-till conditions. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design arranged in a factorial scheme with four replications. The tra ffi c factor was constituted by the number of passes with a 6 Mg weight tractor. The winter crop management practices factor consisted of the cover crops (i) black oat ( Avena strigosa ) in 2017 and turnip ( Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus ) in 2018 compared with (ii) fallow with spontaneous vegetation. The soil water in fi ltration rate increased with cover crops when compared to fallow. Regarding tractor tra ffi c levels, shortly after soil compaction, there was a lower water in fi ltration rate at 20 passes, 45 mm h -1 lower than the absence of tractor tra ffi c. The soil water in fi ltration rate was positively correlated with macroporosity and negatively correlated with soil bulk density. After 14 months of soil compaction caused by tractor tra ffi c, an improvement in the soil physical properties and the water in fi ltration rate was found, which were enhanced by the inclusion of cover crops.
{"title":"Machinery traffi c and cover crop eff ects on water infi ltration rate in a Xanthic Hapludox","authors":"","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230049","url":null,"abstract":"- The e ff ects of machinery tra ffi c and cover crops on soil physical properties have been underexplored under no-till agricultural production in subtropical environments. The objective of this study was to quantify the soil water in fi ltration rate and related soil physical properties in response to tractor tra ffi c levels (0, 2, 5, and 20 passes) and the presence or absence of cover crops in a Xanthic Hapludox soil over two growing seasons under no-till conditions. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design arranged in a factorial scheme with four replications. The tra ffi c factor was constituted by the number of passes with a 6 Mg weight tractor. The winter crop management practices factor consisted of the cover crops (i) black oat ( Avena strigosa ) in 2017 and turnip ( Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus ) in 2018 compared with (ii) fallow with spontaneous vegetation. The soil water in fi ltration rate increased with cover crops when compared to fallow. Regarding tractor tra ffi c levels, shortly after soil compaction, there was a lower water in fi ltration rate at 20 passes, 45 mm h -1 lower than the absence of tractor tra ffi c. The soil water in fi ltration rate was positively correlated with macroporosity and negatively correlated with soil bulk density. After 14 months of soil compaction caused by tractor tra ffi c, an improvement in the soil physical properties and the water in fi ltration rate was found, which were enhanced by the inclusion of cover crops.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230050
- Nutri-priming is a low-cost and highly e ff ective way of supplying seeds with micronutrients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of the Pérola cultivar of the common bean under nutrient solutions containing molybdenum, cobalt and zinc for di ff erent imbibition times. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory and greenhouse of the State University of Goiás UEG – UnU Ipameri, using a completely randomised experimental design, with eight micronutrient treatments (T1. Control; T2. Mo; T3. Zn; T4. Co; T5. Mo + Co; T6. Mo + Zn; T7. Zn + Co; T8. Mo + Co + Zn) and six imbibition times (6, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours). The variables under analysis were seed imbibition, germination test, fi rst germination count, accelerated ageing, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, shoot length, root length, total length, fresh weight, dry weight, and shoot and root biomass. The micronutrients a ff orded an increase in germination in the seed batches under evaluation; on the other hand, imbibition times of greater than four hours reduced the germination capacity of the seeds. It can be concluded that nutri-priming in the common bean is only bene fi cial for an imbibition time of up to four hours.
{"title":"Physiological quality in seeds of the common bean is aff ected by the period of nutri-priming","authors":"","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230050","url":null,"abstract":"- Nutri-priming is a low-cost and highly e ff ective way of supplying seeds with micronutrients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of the Pérola cultivar of the common bean under nutrient solutions containing molybdenum, cobalt and zinc for di ff erent imbibition times. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory and greenhouse of the State University of Goiás UEG – UnU Ipameri, using a completely randomised experimental design, with eight micronutrient treatments (T1. Control; T2. Mo; T3. Zn; T4. Co; T5. Mo + Co; T6. Mo + Zn; T7. Zn + Co; T8. Mo + Co + Zn) and six imbibition times (6, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours). The variables under analysis were seed imbibition, germination test, fi rst germination count, accelerated ageing, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, shoot length, root length, total length, fresh weight, dry weight, and shoot and root biomass. The micronutrients a ff orded an increase in germination in the seed batches under evaluation; on the other hand, imbibition times of greater than four hours reduced the germination capacity of the seeds. It can be concluded that nutri-priming in the common bean is only bene fi cial for an imbibition time of up to four hours.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230046
I. Neu, A. Cargnelutti Filho, D. L. Silveira, R. Pezzini, C. T. Bandeira
- Multicollinearity must be diagnosed in multivariate analyses. Among the indicators, the condition number can be used to quantify the degree of multicollinearity. Hence, this study sought to determine the number of measurements (trials) necessary to estimate the number of condition in linear correlation matrices between rye traits. Five uniformity trials were carried out with ‘BRS Progresso’ rye, and eight morphological traits and eight productive traits were evaluated, forming two groups. In each group of traits, six cases (combinations of traits) were planned and the multicollinearity diagnosis was performed. Repeatability analyses were performed using the following methods: analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and structural analysis, and the number of measurements (trials) was determined for di ff erent levels of precision. A higher condition number of repeatability coe ffi cients was obtained by the principal component methods (based on correlation and variance and covariance matrices) and structural analysis based on the variance and covariance matrix. A greater number of measurements (trials) is necessary to estimate the number of conditions in productive traits compared to morphological ones. One trial is enough to e ffi ciently estimate the condition number with a minimum accuracy of 80% in morphological and productive traits of rye, whereas at least three trials are required for 95% accuracy.
{"title":"Number of trials to estimate the condition number in rye traits","authors":"I. Neu, A. Cargnelutti Filho, D. L. Silveira, R. Pezzini, C. T. Bandeira","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230046","url":null,"abstract":"- Multicollinearity must be diagnosed in multivariate analyses. Among the indicators, the condition number can be used to quantify the degree of multicollinearity. Hence, this study sought to determine the number of measurements (trials) necessary to estimate the number of condition in linear correlation matrices between rye traits. Five uniformity trials were carried out with ‘BRS Progresso’ rye, and eight morphological traits and eight productive traits were evaluated, forming two groups. In each group of traits, six cases (combinations of traits) were planned and the multicollinearity diagnosis was performed. Repeatability analyses were performed using the following methods: analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and structural analysis, and the number of measurements (trials) was determined for di ff erent levels of precision. A higher condition number of repeatability coe ffi cients was obtained by the principal component methods (based on correlation and variance and covariance matrices) and structural analysis based on the variance and covariance matrix. A greater number of measurements (trials) is necessary to estimate the number of conditions in productive traits compared to morphological ones. One trial is enough to e ffi ciently estimate the condition number with a minimum accuracy of 80% in morphological and productive traits of rye, whereas at least three trials are required for 95% accuracy.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230039
Daniele Cristina de Brito Lima Soares, H. Lima, S. R. Araújo, Robson José Carrera Ramos, A. J. S. Rocha
- The fl oodplain forests of the Amazon estuary have undergone constant change over recent years, where management techniques, especially intensive management, have had an impact on the dynamics of the vegetation and land use. These changes can be monitored using satellite data. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of ground vegetation on the islands of Jarimbu, Mamangal, Itaboca, Mutirão and Buçu in the district of Igarapé-Miri, Pará, using images from the RapidEye and Planet satellites. The unsupervised ISODATA classi fi cation method was used, generating distinct classes of vegetation between each island. To evaluate the e ffi ciency of the classi fi cation, an average of 200 random points were used, with another 30 points relating to the type of usage for each class. The Kappa index and overall precision were also analysed, in addition to calculating errors of omission and commission. Monitoring on a seven-year time scale using high-resolution satellites, a more than 50% increase in the Exposed Soil class was seen for the islands of Jarimbu, Mutirão and Itaboca, the latter responsible for an increase of more than 50% in the Urban Area class. On each of the fi ve islands, the Alluvial class, representing the areas of açaí groves, has emerged over the last seven years, increasing in area at the expense of a reduction in the Arboreal class. In this respect, the confusion matrix showed a mean accuracy for the islands of ‘very good’, with a mean overall precision of 77.74%, and a mean Kappa index of 0.73, indicating strong agreement with the reference data and the classi fi cation
{"title":"Occurrence and spatial distribution of native acai groves in high-production areas of the Amazon region","authors":"Daniele Cristina de Brito Lima Soares, H. Lima, S. R. Araújo, Robson José Carrera Ramos, A. J. S. Rocha","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230039","url":null,"abstract":"- The fl oodplain forests of the Amazon estuary have undergone constant change over recent years, where management techniques, especially intensive management, have had an impact on the dynamics of the vegetation and land use. These changes can be monitored using satellite data. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of ground vegetation on the islands of Jarimbu, Mamangal, Itaboca, Mutirão and Buçu in the district of Igarapé-Miri, Pará, using images from the RapidEye and Planet satellites. The unsupervised ISODATA classi fi cation method was used, generating distinct classes of vegetation between each island. To evaluate the e ffi ciency of the classi fi cation, an average of 200 random points were used, with another 30 points relating to the type of usage for each class. The Kappa index and overall precision were also analysed, in addition to calculating errors of omission and commission. Monitoring on a seven-year time scale using high-resolution satellites, a more than 50% increase in the Exposed Soil class was seen for the islands of Jarimbu, Mutirão and Itaboca, the latter responsible for an increase of more than 50% in the Urban Area class. On each of the fi ve islands, the Alluvial class, representing the areas of açaí groves, has emerged over the last seven years, increasing in area at the expense of a reduction in the Arboreal class. In this respect, the confusion matrix showed a mean accuracy for the islands of ‘very good’, with a mean overall precision of 77.74%, and a mean Kappa index of 0.73, indicating strong agreement with the reference data and the classi fi cation","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230047
C. Salmito‐Vanderley, Pedro Emidio Leite Moraes Ferreira, M. B. Souza, Guilherme Melo Madeira, B. F. Brito, Lívia Correia Magalhães, Carlos Henrique Sousa de Melo, A. R. Montenegro
- The Brazilian bocachico is a rheophilic fi sh from the northeast region of Brazil that holds great economic and scienti fi c interest. The absence of evident sexual dimorphism and the invasive character of sexing methods and evaluation of gonadal maturation are obstacles to its arti fi cial reproduction. In this scenario, ultrasonography emerges as a non-invasive method for sexing. The objectives of this study were to establish an ultrasound sexing method for Brazilian bocachico and select equations to estimate the gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad weight (GW), and gonad volume (GV) of live bocachico. A total of 32 bocachico fi sh (18 females and 14 males) were analyzed ultrasonographically and morphologically. The association of morphometric and ultrasonographic parameters was investigated using Pearson Correlations. The following prediction equations were selected using multiple regression analysis: GSI = 16.22 × transvarea; GW = 30.3 × transvarea; and GV = 0.001260036 × pixels. A model capable of predicting the sex of the animals based on the ultrasonographic parameters was obtained using partial least-squares discriminant analysis with principal component analysis. The significance level adopted was P < 0.05. In conclusion, ultrasonography is a useful tool to perform sexing and evaluate the gonads during the breeding season, contributing to artificial reproduction in captivity.
{"title":"Use of B-mode ultrasonography for sex determination and maturation monitoring in Prochilodus brevis (Steindachner 1875)","authors":"C. Salmito‐Vanderley, Pedro Emidio Leite Moraes Ferreira, M. B. Souza, Guilherme Melo Madeira, B. F. Brito, Lívia Correia Magalhães, Carlos Henrique Sousa de Melo, A. R. Montenegro","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230047","url":null,"abstract":"- The Brazilian bocachico is a rheophilic fi sh from the northeast region of Brazil that holds great economic and scienti fi c interest. The absence of evident sexual dimorphism and the invasive character of sexing methods and evaluation of gonadal maturation are obstacles to its arti fi cial reproduction. In this scenario, ultrasonography emerges as a non-invasive method for sexing. The objectives of this study were to establish an ultrasound sexing method for Brazilian bocachico and select equations to estimate the gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad weight (GW), and gonad volume (GV) of live bocachico. A total of 32 bocachico fi sh (18 females and 14 males) were analyzed ultrasonographically and morphologically. The association of morphometric and ultrasonographic parameters was investigated using Pearson Correlations. The following prediction equations were selected using multiple regression analysis: GSI = 16.22 × transvarea; GW = 30.3 × transvarea; and GV = 0.001260036 × pixels. A model capable of predicting the sex of the animals based on the ultrasonographic parameters was obtained using partial least-squares discriminant analysis with principal component analysis. The significance level adopted was P < 0.05. In conclusion, ultrasonography is a useful tool to perform sexing and evaluate the gonads during the breeding season, contributing to artificial reproduction in captivity.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230038
Bruno Henrique Tondato Arantes, V. Moraes, Alaerson Maia Geraldine, T. M. Alves, Alice Maria Albert, Gabriel Jesus da Silva, Gustavo Castoldi
- Global consumption of oilseeds has been growing progressively in the last fi ve growing seasons, in which soybean represents 60% of this sector. Thus, in order to maintain a high production in the region of Rio Verde, State of Goiás, against the phytopathological problems, this study aimed to de fi ne the best spectral range for the detection of H. glycines and P. brachyurus by linear regressions in soybean at R3 stage, as well as the elaboration of mathematical models through multiple linear regressions. For this, soil and root were sampled in the experimental area, as well as a fl ight was performed with the Sentera sensor. Data were used for the elaboration of regressions and for the validation of 2 mathematical models. Signi fi cant values were observed in simple linear regression only for cysts, in the visible range, with a good R² value for the Green, Red and 568 nm bands, to nonviable cysts. When working with the stepwise statistics, better results are found for H. glycines , which now has an R²(aj) of 0.7430 and P. brachyurus is then detected. From the mathematical model obtained with the multiple linear regression for non-viable cysts with an R²(aj) of 0.7430, it is possible to detect the spatial distribution of nematodes across the soybean fi eld, in order to perform a localized management, optimizing the applications. Good results are also possible using the mathematical model obtained by simple linear regression.
{"title":"Detection of nematodes in soybean crop by drone","authors":"Bruno Henrique Tondato Arantes, V. Moraes, Alaerson Maia Geraldine, T. M. Alves, Alice Maria Albert, Gabriel Jesus da Silva, Gustavo Castoldi","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230038","url":null,"abstract":"- Global consumption of oilseeds has been growing progressively in the last fi ve growing seasons, in which soybean represents 60% of this sector. Thus, in order to maintain a high production in the region of Rio Verde, State of Goiás, against the phytopathological problems, this study aimed to de fi ne the best spectral range for the detection of H. glycines and P. brachyurus by linear regressions in soybean at R3 stage, as well as the elaboration of mathematical models through multiple linear regressions. For this, soil and root were sampled in the experimental area, as well as a fl ight was performed with the Sentera sensor. Data were used for the elaboration of regressions and for the validation of 2 mathematical models. Signi fi cant values were observed in simple linear regression only for cysts, in the visible range, with a good R² value for the Green, Red and 568 nm bands, to nonviable cysts. When working with the stepwise statistics, better results are found for H. glycines , which now has an R²(aj) of 0.7430 and P. brachyurus is then detected. From the mathematical model obtained with the multiple linear regression for non-viable cysts with an R²(aj) of 0.7430, it is possible to detect the spatial distribution of nematodes across the soybean fi eld, in order to perform a localized management, optimizing the applications. Good results are also possible using the mathematical model obtained by simple linear regression.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230043
H. C. Sousa, T. V. D. A. Viana, G. G. Sousa, B. M. Azevedo, C. Lessa, M. Freire, Geovana F. Goes, Bubabar Baldé
- Peanut cultivation in the northeast of Brazil has been badly a ff ected by salts accumulating in the irrigation water; in this respect, the use of plant mulch is one way of mitigating salt stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the e ff ect of irrigation using brackish water under di ff erent mulching strategies on productivity and water use e ffi ciency in the peanut. The experiment was carried out under fi eld conditions in Redenção, in the state of Ceará, in a randomised block design of split-plots with fi ve replications, in which the plots corresponded to two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.8 and 4.0 dS m -1 ), and the subplots to six mulching strategies based on the phenology of the crop (MS1: mulch throughout the cycle; MS2: fl owering stage; MS3: appearance of the gynophore; MS4: pod formation; MS5: fi nal fl owering stage; MS6: no mulch). The following were determined at the end of the experimental cycle: commercial, non-commercial and total number of pods, number of grains per pod, pod length and diameter, productivity and water use e ffi ciency. Irrigation with lower-salinity water, together with mulching during the phenological stages of the peanut, a ff ords better productive performance and greater water use e ffi ciency. Salt stress reduced the length and diameter of the pods and had a negative e ff ect on productivity and water use e ffi ciency, both with and without the use of plant mulch during the phenological stages.
{"title":"Productivity in the peanut under salt stress in soil with a cover of plant mulch","authors":"H. C. Sousa, T. V. D. A. Viana, G. G. Sousa, B. M. Azevedo, C. Lessa, M. Freire, Geovana F. Goes, Bubabar Baldé","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230043","url":null,"abstract":"- Peanut cultivation in the northeast of Brazil has been badly a ff ected by salts accumulating in the irrigation water; in this respect, the use of plant mulch is one way of mitigating salt stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the e ff ect of irrigation using brackish water under di ff erent mulching strategies on productivity and water use e ffi ciency in the peanut. The experiment was carried out under fi eld conditions in Redenção, in the state of Ceará, in a randomised block design of split-plots with fi ve replications, in which the plots corresponded to two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.8 and 4.0 dS m -1 ), and the subplots to six mulching strategies based on the phenology of the crop (MS1: mulch throughout the cycle; MS2: fl owering stage; MS3: appearance of the gynophore; MS4: pod formation; MS5: fi nal fl owering stage; MS6: no mulch). The following were determined at the end of the experimental cycle: commercial, non-commercial and total number of pods, number of grains per pod, pod length and diameter, productivity and water use e ffi ciency. Irrigation with lower-salinity water, together with mulching during the phenological stages of the peanut, a ff ords better productive performance and greater water use e ffi ciency. Salt stress reduced the length and diameter of the pods and had a negative e ff ect on productivity and water use e ffi ciency, both with and without the use of plant mulch during the phenological stages.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230041
M. E. O. Escobar, Esdras Rocha da Silva, T. S. Oliveira, F. F. F. Hernandez
- The long-term use of agrichemicals might add some heavy metals to soils and, there is little information about the dynamics of these elements in soils under saline conditions in semiarid regions. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of heavy metals in the di ff erent fractions of Fluvic Entisols with saline conditions under long term of coconut cultivation in a semiarid region. Composite soil samples were collected in fi ve agricultural areas and three areas under native vegetation. Physical, chemical, and heavy metal analyses were carried out in soil (semi total and fractionated contents). Quality of irrigation water and drainage water was also evaluated. Analytical results were normalized and subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared by Scott-Knott test (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis was also used to assure a minimum correlation of variables justifying its use in the matrix of a factorial analysis. Semi-total contents of Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn (except Cu in some areas) were lower than previous local assessment and national guiding values, indicating that they do not cause harmful alterations in soil quality. Analyses of waters showed high levels of HCO 3 , indicating moderate restriction to use (due to the high levels of EC, SAR, Na and Cl). Fractionation of heavy metals revealed low risk of environmental pollution since most metal contents were bound to the oxidic, organic and residual fractions. The water used in irrigation contributes to the contents of heavy metals and to the salinity condition of the evaluated soils.
{"title":"Heavy metal fractionation in Fluvic Entisols under saline conditions in Northeastern Brazil","authors":"M. E. O. Escobar, Esdras Rocha da Silva, T. S. Oliveira, F. F. F. Hernandez","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230041","url":null,"abstract":"- The long-term use of agrichemicals might add some heavy metals to soils and, there is little information about the dynamics of these elements in soils under saline conditions in semiarid regions. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of heavy metals in the di ff erent fractions of Fluvic Entisols with saline conditions under long term of coconut cultivation in a semiarid region. Composite soil samples were collected in fi ve agricultural areas and three areas under native vegetation. Physical, chemical, and heavy metal analyses were carried out in soil (semi total and fractionated contents). Quality of irrigation water and drainage water was also evaluated. Analytical results were normalized and subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared by Scott-Knott test (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis was also used to assure a minimum correlation of variables justifying its use in the matrix of a factorial analysis. Semi-total contents of Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn (except Cu in some areas) were lower than previous local assessment and national guiding values, indicating that they do not cause harmful alterations in soil quality. Analyses of waters showed high levels of HCO 3 , indicating moderate restriction to use (due to the high levels of EC, SAR, Na and Cl). Fractionation of heavy metals revealed low risk of environmental pollution since most metal contents were bound to the oxidic, organic and residual fractions. The water used in irrigation contributes to the contents of heavy metals and to the salinity condition of the evaluated soils.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230045
Rafaela Ribeiro de Souza, P. Paiva, R. Freitas, Diogo Pedrosa Corrêa da Silva, Michele Valquíria dos Reis, F. Nery, R. Paiva
- Genipa americana L. is a forest species of high socioeconomic potential. However, predatory extractivism actions threaten its existence, making it necessary to adopt conservationist practices. G. americana seeds show sensitivity to desiccation and cooling, making it unfeasible for conservation by conventional methods. Thus, cryopreservation is an promising alternative for the long-term conservation of species that produce unorthodox seeds, such as the genipap. In this sense, the objective was to cryopreservation of seeds of G. americana and to evaluate the effects of desiccation and freezing on germination and establishment of seedlings. Initially, seeds were dehydrated in silica gel 0, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 h, and then were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (LN) (-196 °C) during 24 h. After thawing, the viability and germination were analyzed. Dehydrated and non-cryopreserved seeds were also analyzed. The silica gel desiccation caused a reduction in viability and germination of the seeds of G. americana . The initial seed water content was so high (47%) that storage in LN (+LN) without prior dehydration treatment resulted in seed mortality. It was veri fi ed that, the dehydration in silica gel for the minimum time 20 h (corresponding to 14% water content) provides greater freezing tolerance, allowing the successful cryopreservation. Silica gel dehydration followed by immersion in LN was shown to be highly efficient for cryopreservation of seeds of G. americana , besides germinatio after thawing, high survival rates (100%) were obtained, with growth and normal establishment of the seedlings after acclimatization.
{"title":"Cryopreservation of Genipa americana seeds","authors":"Rafaela Ribeiro de Souza, P. Paiva, R. Freitas, Diogo Pedrosa Corrêa da Silva, Michele Valquíria dos Reis, F. Nery, R. Paiva","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230045","url":null,"abstract":"- Genipa americana L. is a forest species of high socioeconomic potential. However, predatory extractivism actions threaten its existence, making it necessary to adopt conservationist practices. G. americana seeds show sensitivity to desiccation and cooling, making it unfeasible for conservation by conventional methods. Thus, cryopreservation is an promising alternative for the long-term conservation of species that produce unorthodox seeds, such as the genipap. In this sense, the objective was to cryopreservation of seeds of G. americana and to evaluate the effects of desiccation and freezing on germination and establishment of seedlings. Initially, seeds were dehydrated in silica gel 0, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 h, and then were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (LN) (-196 °C) during 24 h. After thawing, the viability and germination were analyzed. Dehydrated and non-cryopreserved seeds were also analyzed. The silica gel desiccation caused a reduction in viability and germination of the seeds of G. americana . The initial seed water content was so high (47%) that storage in LN (+LN) without prior dehydration treatment resulted in seed mortality. It was veri fi ed that, the dehydration in silica gel for the minimum time 20 h (corresponding to 14% water content) provides greater freezing tolerance, allowing the successful cryopreservation. Silica gel dehydration followed by immersion in LN was shown to be highly efficient for cryopreservation of seeds of G. americana , besides germinatio after thawing, high survival rates (100%) were obtained, with growth and normal establishment of the seedlings after acclimatization.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71158789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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