Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230021
T. S. Telles, G. M. Barbosa, G. Merten, T. Pellini, E. J. Didoné, M. F. Guimarães
- This study is a historical overview of land governance initiatives implemented in Parana state, Brazil, since the 1970s, ranging from the work carried out by research institutes to government-sponsored programs. These initiatives encouraged the development of technologies and farmers’ widespread adoption of conservation practices. Furthermore, they highlight the factors that brought soil and water conservation to the forefront in discussions on agriculture. This bibliographic review was based on information in research papers and programs developed in Parana. We show that extensive work on management planning and natural resource conservation was undertaken in Parana to strengthen soil governance. The initiatives implemented in watersheds and the development of the no-tillage system represent considerable achievements. However, it was not always that straightforward. As time progressed, the false perception – mainly among farmers – that the erosion problem had been solved led many farmers to neglect soil conservation practices, and in some cases, to abandon agricultural terracing, contour farming, and crop rotation. This resulted in a resurgence of problems related to environmental degradation, aggravating erosion and causing losses of soil and water, with the concomitant environmental damage. In this regard, we describe the means deployed in a new strategy to stimulate a resurgence of effective soil governance based on public policies and public-private partnerships to promote soil and water conservation.
{"title":"Soil governance as a requirement for agricultural land conservation: a historical overview","authors":"T. S. Telles, G. M. Barbosa, G. Merten, T. Pellini, E. J. Didoné, M. F. Guimarães","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230021","url":null,"abstract":"- This study is a historical overview of land governance initiatives implemented in Parana state, Brazil, since the 1970s, ranging from the work carried out by research institutes to government-sponsored programs. These initiatives encouraged the development of technologies and farmers’ widespread adoption of conservation practices. Furthermore, they highlight the factors that brought soil and water conservation to the forefront in discussions on agriculture. This bibliographic review was based on information in research papers and programs developed in Parana. We show that extensive work on management planning and natural resource conservation was undertaken in Parana to strengthen soil governance. The initiatives implemented in watersheds and the development of the no-tillage system represent considerable achievements. However, it was not always that straightforward. As time progressed, the false perception – mainly among farmers – that the erosion problem had been solved led many farmers to neglect soil conservation practices, and in some cases, to abandon agricultural terracing, contour farming, and crop rotation. This resulted in a resurgence of problems related to environmental degradation, aggravating erosion and causing losses of soil and water, with the concomitant environmental damage. In this regard, we describe the means deployed in a new strategy to stimulate a resurgence of effective soil governance based on public policies and public-private partnerships to promote soil and water conservation.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230019
José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque, Hamurábi Anizio Lins, Manoel Galdino dos Santos, M. Freitas, Fernando Sarmento de Oliveira, Almir Rogério Evangelista de Souza, L. M. Silveira, G. H. S. Nunes, Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior, P. F. D. M. J. Vieira
- The objective of the present work was to evaluate the in fl uence of environmental variables on the interaction between genotypes and environments and to identify adapted and stable genotypes for grain seed yield. Twenty-one cultivars were evaluated in randomized blocks with four replications in the years 2016, 2017, and 2018 in the northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil, for seed yield and oil content. Factor regression methodologies and principal component analysis were used with predictions of the sum of the genotypic effects and the interaction to quantify the role of fi ve environmental covariates in the genotype x environment interaction; the Harmonic Mean Method of Relative Performance of Genotypic Values was used for identifying adapted and stable genotypes. The covariance biplot model is useful for relating important environmental factors and indicating their relative effect on seed yield and oil content. Rainfall, relative humidity and maximum temperature contribute positively to increasing oil content while minimum temperature and solar radiation reduce it. Within the limits of the work, the maximum temperature positively in fl uences grain production while the minimum reduces it. The most stable genotypes and those adapted for grain seed yield and oil content are BMX OPUS IPRO, P 98Y70 RR, BRS 333 RR, BRS 9280 RR, M 8644 IPRO, M 8372 IPRO, and ST 920 RR.
{"title":"Variáveis ambientais na interação G x A em soja no semiárido","authors":"José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque, Hamurábi Anizio Lins, Manoel Galdino dos Santos, M. Freitas, Fernando Sarmento de Oliveira, Almir Rogério Evangelista de Souza, L. M. Silveira, G. H. S. Nunes, Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior, P. F. D. M. J. Vieira","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230019","url":null,"abstract":"- The objective of the present work was to evaluate the in fl uence of environmental variables on the interaction between genotypes and environments and to identify adapted and stable genotypes for grain seed yield. Twenty-one cultivars were evaluated in randomized blocks with four replications in the years 2016, 2017, and 2018 in the northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil, for seed yield and oil content. Factor regression methodologies and principal component analysis were used with predictions of the sum of the genotypic effects and the interaction to quantify the role of fi ve environmental covariates in the genotype x environment interaction; the Harmonic Mean Method of Relative Performance of Genotypic Values was used for identifying adapted and stable genotypes. The covariance biplot model is useful for relating important environmental factors and indicating their relative effect on seed yield and oil content. Rainfall, relative humidity and maximum temperature contribute positively to increasing oil content while minimum temperature and solar radiation reduce it. Within the limits of the work, the maximum temperature positively in fl uences grain production while the minimum reduces it. The most stable genotypes and those adapted for grain seed yield and oil content are BMX OPUS IPRO, P 98Y70 RR, BRS 333 RR, BRS 9280 RR, M 8644 IPRO, M 8372 IPRO, and ST 920 RR.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230025
Henrique Felipetto, E. Mercante, Octavio Henrique Vianna, Daniel Carvalho Granemann, Adão Robson Elias
- The main objective of this study was to carry out a bibliometric search in the literature on the use of UAVs in the wheat crop. For this purpose, a search of all scientific articles published until 2021 was carried out in the Web of Science database. Subsequently, bibliometric literature analysis techniques were applied using the software VOSviewer, which allowed evaluating the co-authorships between countries and institutions and the co-occurrences of words between studies. The journals and authors that publish the most on this topic were verified. The results indicate a growing trend of publications on UAV applications in the last 7 years, with China, the United States, and the United Kingdom being the main researchers on this topic. However, China stands out with approximately 40% of the publications. This analysis reveals the main current issues and the most influential institutions around the world that have carried out relevant research in scientific publications, showing the journals that include more publications and the collaborative patterns related to the use of UAVs in the wheat crop. Multi-rotor platforms with embedded multispectral cameras are the most used for this purpose. About 27.8% of the publications are from the topic related to the monitoring of productivity/phenotyping. Therefore, this application is in evidence, but further studies on the use of drones in regions with high wheat production, such as South American countries, are needed.
{"title":"UAV applications in wheat crop: a bibliometric approach to the literature1","authors":"Henrique Felipetto, E. Mercante, Octavio Henrique Vianna, Daniel Carvalho Granemann, Adão Robson Elias","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230025","url":null,"abstract":"- The main objective of this study was to carry out a bibliometric search in the literature on the use of UAVs in the wheat crop. For this purpose, a search of all scientific articles published until 2021 was carried out in the Web of Science database. Subsequently, bibliometric literature analysis techniques were applied using the software VOSviewer, which allowed evaluating the co-authorships between countries and institutions and the co-occurrences of words between studies. The journals and authors that publish the most on this topic were verified. The results indicate a growing trend of publications on UAV applications in the last 7 years, with China, the United States, and the United Kingdom being the main researchers on this topic. However, China stands out with approximately 40% of the publications. This analysis reveals the main current issues and the most influential institutions around the world that have carried out relevant research in scientific publications, showing the journals that include more publications and the collaborative patterns related to the use of UAVs in the wheat crop. Multi-rotor platforms with embedded multispectral cameras are the most used for this purpose. About 27.8% of the publications are from the topic related to the monitoring of productivity/phenotyping. Therefore, this application is in evidence, but further studies on the use of drones in regions with high wheat production, such as South American countries, are needed.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230016
Luis Campos, P. S. Cabral, F. H. L. Silva, G. Castoldi, R. P. Marques
- In a breeding program, the estimation of genetic progress over the years provides a broad view of the program as well as grounds for optimal decision-making. In this respect, the present study proposes to estimate the genetic progress of 54 soybean cultivars released to the Brazilian Midwest between the years 2000 and 2017. Two experiments were conducted during the 2017/18 crop year. Grain yield (GY), maturity group (MG), 100-seed weight (100SW), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of seeds per pod (NSP) and plant height (PH) were evaluated. Genetic progress was estimated by the direct methodology and by linear regression. According to the direct method, the average annual genetic progress was positive for GY (1.92%), 100SW (2.69%), NPP (2.31%), NSP (1.10%) and PH (0.32%), but negative for MG (-0.44%). The results obtained using both methodologies agree on the obtained increases for GY and 100SW and the decreases for MG .
{"title":"Genetic progress of 18 years of a soybean breeding program for the Brazilian Central-West","authors":"Luis Campos, P. S. Cabral, F. H. L. Silva, G. Castoldi, R. P. Marques","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230016","url":null,"abstract":"- In a breeding program, the estimation of genetic progress over the years provides a broad view of the program as well as grounds for optimal decision-making. In this respect, the present study proposes to estimate the genetic progress of 54 soybean cultivars released to the Brazilian Midwest between the years 2000 and 2017. Two experiments were conducted during the 2017/18 crop year. Grain yield (GY), maturity group (MG), 100-seed weight (100SW), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of seeds per pod (NSP) and plant height (PH) were evaluated. Genetic progress was estimated by the direct methodology and by linear regression. According to the direct method, the average annual genetic progress was positive for GY (1.92%), 100SW (2.69%), NPP (2.31%), NSP (1.10%) and PH (0.32%), but negative for MG (-0.44%). The results obtained using both methodologies agree on the obtained increases for GY and 100SW and the decreases for MG .","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230017
José Normand Vieira Fernandes, M. S. M. Dantas, B. M. D. Azevedo, C. N. V. Fernandes, D. V. Vasconcelos, I. D. S. Araújo
- The agri cultural use of alternative water sources of inferior quality, such as reusing the water from domestic sewage, is seen as one way of increasing water availability, in addition to allowing the reuse of nutrients and organic matter, thereby helping to maintain the fertility and productivity of the soil. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate growth, productivity and nutrition in elephant grass irrigated with different combinations of treated domestic ef fl uent and well water. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with six treatments and four replications, containing 10 plants in each plot. The treatments comprised fi ve combinations of treated domestic ef fl uent (TDE) and well water (WW): T1 (100% WW), T2 (25% TDE + 75% WW), T3 (50% TDE + 50% WW), T4 (75% TDE + 25% WW), T5 (100% TDE), and an additional treatment (T6) of 100% well water + a mineral fertiliser (NPK) recommended for elephant grass. The following variables were analysed: number of leaves, stem diameter, number of tillers, plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of the leaves and stems, fresh and dry weight production, and the macronutrient content of the aerial part of the plant. The treatments applying the greatest levels of TDE had the closest mean values to those obtained under the conventional treatment, while the treatments applying 50% or more TDE were statistically equal by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) to the conventional treatment.
{"title":"Development of elephant grass in response to irrigation with different levels of domestic sewage","authors":"José Normand Vieira Fernandes, M. S. M. Dantas, B. M. D. Azevedo, C. N. V. Fernandes, D. V. Vasconcelos, I. D. S. Araújo","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230017","url":null,"abstract":"- The agri cultural use of alternative water sources of inferior quality, such as reusing the water from domestic sewage, is seen as one way of increasing water availability, in addition to allowing the reuse of nutrients and organic matter, thereby helping to maintain the fertility and productivity of the soil. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate growth, productivity and nutrition in elephant grass irrigated with different combinations of treated domestic ef fl uent and well water. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with six treatments and four replications, containing 10 plants in each plot. The treatments comprised fi ve combinations of treated domestic ef fl uent (TDE) and well water (WW): T1 (100% WW), T2 (25% TDE + 75% WW), T3 (50% TDE + 50% WW), T4 (75% TDE + 25% WW), T5 (100% TDE), and an additional treatment (T6) of 100% well water + a mineral fertiliser (NPK) recommended for elephant grass. The following variables were analysed: number of leaves, stem diameter, number of tillers, plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of the leaves and stems, fresh and dry weight production, and the macronutrient content of the aerial part of the plant. The treatments applying the greatest levels of TDE had the closest mean values to those obtained under the conventional treatment, while the treatments applying 50% or more TDE were statistically equal by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) to the conventional treatment.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230009
Vitor Renan da Silva, T. B. H. Dantas, Daisy Moitinho, F. C. S. Usberti
- The consumer market has expanded its search for foods combining sensory, nutritional, and bioactive attributes, which puts edible mushrooms in evidence. However, their production chain still has deficiencies to prevent mechanical damage, microbiological contamination, perishability, and weight loss during storage, factors closely associated with unsuitable packaging of the product. This study aimed to evaluate whether different packaging configurations, associated with the application of edible Aloe vera gel coating, preserve shelf life and safety of fresh shiitake mushrooms throughout their storage, especially as a replacement for standard packaging. The experiment was conducted with fresh shiitake mushrooms, with a completely randomized design in a 3 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with three packaging con fi gurations (EPS PVC, EPS PVC perforated, Xtend®), 2 coating conditions (with and without Aloe vera gel coating), four storage times (0, 3, 7 and 10 days), with four repetitions. For each storage time, weight loss, visual aspect, CO 2 concentration in the package, and microbiological evaluations were assessed. In conclusion, use of Aloe vera coating on shiitake mushrooms preserves their quality attributes and promotes food safety through antimicrobial action, extending their shelf life. Xtend® packaging is potentially suitable to replace EPS PVC packaging in the sale of fresh mushrooms, reducing weight loss and preserving food quality and safety.
{"title":"Xtend® packaging and Aloe vera coating benefit shelf life and safety maintenance of fresh shiitake mushrooms","authors":"Vitor Renan da Silva, T. B. H. Dantas, Daisy Moitinho, F. C. S. Usberti","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230009","url":null,"abstract":"- The consumer market has expanded its search for foods combining sensory, nutritional, and bioactive attributes, which puts edible mushrooms in evidence. However, their production chain still has deficiencies to prevent mechanical damage, microbiological contamination, perishability, and weight loss during storage, factors closely associated with unsuitable packaging of the product. This study aimed to evaluate whether different packaging configurations, associated with the application of edible Aloe vera gel coating, preserve shelf life and safety of fresh shiitake mushrooms throughout their storage, especially as a replacement for standard packaging. The experiment was conducted with fresh shiitake mushrooms, with a completely randomized design in a 3 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with three packaging con fi gurations (EPS PVC, EPS PVC perforated, Xtend®), 2 coating conditions (with and without Aloe vera gel coating), four storage times (0, 3, 7 and 10 days), with four repetitions. For each storage time, weight loss, visual aspect, CO 2 concentration in the package, and microbiological evaluations were assessed. In conclusion, use of Aloe vera coating on shiitake mushrooms preserves their quality attributes and promotes food safety through antimicrobial action, extending their shelf life. Xtend® packaging is potentially suitable to replace EPS PVC packaging in the sale of fresh mushrooms, reducing weight loss and preserving food quality and safety.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230011
Américo Ferraz Dias Neto, D. Albiero, R. Rossetto, J. D. Biagi
- The activity of agricultural experimentation may require high budget and long periods of time for obtaining data. Due to production features, decision-making processes within agro-industrial mills that use sugarcane as raw material must be optimized. In this scenario, modeling operating systems that use embedded technology as agricultural automation enables the optimization of decision-making and in fl uences operational performance and costs. This article presents a model for receiving and processing sugarcane based on its harvesting capacity, considering the harvestability index and the nominal capacity of the harvester. Sensitivity analysis enables the assessment of potential offenders and the reallocation of assets, thus optimizing resources and ensuring plant operation. This analysis also enables new possibilities, such as harvesting under different row spacings and harvesting simultaneously different rows.
{"title":"Management of mechanized harvesting through operational modeling","authors":"Américo Ferraz Dias Neto, D. Albiero, R. Rossetto, J. D. Biagi","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230011","url":null,"abstract":"- The activity of agricultural experimentation may require high budget and long periods of time for obtaining data. Due to production features, decision-making processes within agro-industrial mills that use sugarcane as raw material must be optimized. In this scenario, modeling operating systems that use embedded technology as agricultural automation enables the optimization of decision-making and in fl uences operational performance and costs. This article presents a model for receiving and processing sugarcane based on its harvesting capacity, considering the harvestability index and the nominal capacity of the harvester. Sensitivity analysis enables the assessment of potential offenders and the reallocation of assets, thus optimizing resources and ensuring plant operation. This analysis also enables new possibilities, such as harvesting under different row spacings and harvesting simultaneously different rows.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230013
Moisés Bento Tavares, A. M. Negreiros, Allinny Luzia Alves Cavalcante, Sara Hellen Fernandes de Oliveira, J. Armengol, Rui Sales Júnior
- With the recent discovery of five new species of the Monosporascus genus, a fungal genus involved in “ Monosporascus root rot and vine decline,” pathogenicity studies have become important to understand the impact of these new species on cultivated plants, mainly on plant species used as an alternative for crop rotation. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of Monosporascus spp. in non-cucurbitaceous cultures. The tests were carried out in duplicate in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with the treatments: One isolate of each species of Monosporascus ( M. brasiliensis , M. caatinguensis , M. cannonballus , M. mossoroensis , M. nordestinus, and M. semiaridus ) and the absolute control, and fi ve cultures (cowpea, jack bean, corn, sorghum, and bell pepper). Seeds of these cultures were sown in pots containing soil + Tropstrate HT ® (ratio 2:1, v / v), previously inoculated with wheat seeds colonized with the species of Monosporascus . After 50 days of sowing, plants were evaluated for incidence, disease severity, length of shoot and roots, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots. All inoculated Monosporascus species were able to induce damage in cowpea and bell pepper cultures, with M. cannonballus being the most aggressive. Corn, jack beans, and sorghum presented few or no symptoms of the disease and may be indicated as alternative cultures to be used in crop rotation with cucurbits. Studies with a greater number of isolates and cultivars for each culture tested in this study should be carried out to strengthen the data obtained.
{"title":"Reaction of non-cucurbitacea to Monosporascus spp.","authors":"Moisés Bento Tavares, A. M. Negreiros, Allinny Luzia Alves Cavalcante, Sara Hellen Fernandes de Oliveira, J. Armengol, Rui Sales Júnior","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230013","url":null,"abstract":"- With the recent discovery of five new species of the Monosporascus genus, a fungal genus involved in “ Monosporascus root rot and vine decline,” pathogenicity studies have become important to understand the impact of these new species on cultivated plants, mainly on plant species used as an alternative for crop rotation. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of Monosporascus spp. in non-cucurbitaceous cultures. The tests were carried out in duplicate in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with the treatments: One isolate of each species of Monosporascus ( M. brasiliensis , M. caatinguensis , M. cannonballus , M. mossoroensis , M. nordestinus, and M. semiaridus ) and the absolute control, and fi ve cultures (cowpea, jack bean, corn, sorghum, and bell pepper). Seeds of these cultures were sown in pots containing soil + Tropstrate HT ® (ratio 2:1, v / v), previously inoculated with wheat seeds colonized with the species of Monosporascus . After 50 days of sowing, plants were evaluated for incidence, disease severity, length of shoot and roots, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots. All inoculated Monosporascus species were able to induce damage in cowpea and bell pepper cultures, with M. cannonballus being the most aggressive. Corn, jack beans, and sorghum presented few or no symptoms of the disease and may be indicated as alternative cultures to be used in crop rotation with cucurbits. Studies with a greater number of isolates and cultivars for each culture tested in this study should be carried out to strengthen the data obtained.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230014
V. S. Moreira, L. Candido, Marcelo Crestani Mota, Geovane Webler, Elisangela do Prado Oliveira, D. Robérti
- Climate is a determining factor in agricultural production and climate change can affect this productivity. This, study aims to analyze the consequences of climatic change in the soil water dynamic and growth soybean in Southern Brazil. Scenarios were created for conditions of a 2 ºC temperature increase, a 20% reduction, and a 50% increase in precipitation rates, representing hot, dry and wet scenarios, respectively. The atmospheric forcing generated were used as input data for the agricultural version of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator model (Agro-IBIS) and simulations were carried out for a soybean growing season in the northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The following variables estimated by Agro-IBIS were analyzed: soil moisture, soybean leaf area index, evaporation, and transpiration. The results showed that the climatic changes projected by the simulations in fl uence soybean growth in the study area. By increasing the temperature in 2 °C, the Agro-IBIS model indicated the occurrence of shorter crop growth cycles and even more impactful results on the leaf area index, with a 70% reduction in the highest values. Furthermore, a 50% increase in precipitation rate showed positive effects on agriculture, indicated by increased LAI in the reproductive period. On the other hand, a 20% reduction in precipitation has a negative effect, as it exposes the crop to water de fi cit conditions, impacting soil moisture and decreasing LAI. The soil evaporation is also intensi fi ed with increased temperatures due to the higher evaporative demand of the atmosphere and a signi fi cant decline in LAI. The transpiration for the hot scenario is more strongly impacted during the vegetative growth stage and leaf senescence
{"title":"Impacts of climate change on water fluxes and soybean growth in southern Brazil","authors":"V. S. Moreira, L. Candido, Marcelo Crestani Mota, Geovane Webler, Elisangela do Prado Oliveira, D. Robérti","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230014","url":null,"abstract":"- Climate is a determining factor in agricultural production and climate change can affect this productivity. This, study aims to analyze the consequences of climatic change in the soil water dynamic and growth soybean in Southern Brazil. Scenarios were created for conditions of a 2 ºC temperature increase, a 20% reduction, and a 50% increase in precipitation rates, representing hot, dry and wet scenarios, respectively. The atmospheric forcing generated were used as input data for the agricultural version of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator model (Agro-IBIS) and simulations were carried out for a soybean growing season in the northwestern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The following variables estimated by Agro-IBIS were analyzed: soil moisture, soybean leaf area index, evaporation, and transpiration. The results showed that the climatic changes projected by the simulations in fl uence soybean growth in the study area. By increasing the temperature in 2 °C, the Agro-IBIS model indicated the occurrence of shorter crop growth cycles and even more impactful results on the leaf area index, with a 70% reduction in the highest values. Furthermore, a 50% increase in precipitation rate showed positive effects on agriculture, indicated by increased LAI in the reproductive period. On the other hand, a 20% reduction in precipitation has a negative effect, as it exposes the crop to water de fi cit conditions, impacting soil moisture and decreasing LAI. The soil evaporation is also intensi fi ed with increased temperatures due to the higher evaporative demand of the atmosphere and a signi fi cant decline in LAI. The transpiration for the hot scenario is more strongly impacted during the vegetative growth stage and leaf senescence","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.5935/1806-6690.20230010
Katarina L. Grecco, C. F. Souza
- Water scarcity has become a concern for many countries; a proper irrigation system is essential for rational water use. Therefore, information on water dynamics within the wetted soil is necessary. Field investigations and laboratory analyses can measure wetted soil volume dimensions, but these are time-consuming and costly. Mathematical models can also be used to obtain such information based on soil physical-hydraulic properties, among the most used models in HYDRUS-2D. In this sense, we aimed to simulate water movement in a sandy soil profile using the HYDRUS-2D model for subsurface drippers at different spacings, depths, and flows rates. Initially, a greenhouse test was carried out to validate HYDRUS-2D for the soil Psamment (Ferralic Arenosol). After validation, simulations for drippers were arranged as follows: spacings of 0.30, 0.40, and 0.50 m; depths of 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 m; and flow rates of 1.0 and 1.6 Lh -1 . In all simulations, ten applications of 1 l of water were carried out. Simulations showed that the dripper spacing, depth, and flow rate of 0.40 m, 0.20 m, and 1.6 Lh -1 presented the best performance. In this configuration, wetted soil volume remained at an adequate depth in a scenario of sugarcane root and near the surface, avoiding economic and environmental costs due to water losses to deeper soil layers.
{"title":"Numerical simulations to estimate wetted soil volumes in subsurface drip irrigation","authors":"Katarina L. Grecco, C. F. Souza","doi":"10.5935/1806-6690.20230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230010","url":null,"abstract":"- Water scarcity has become a concern for many countries; a proper irrigation system is essential for rational water use. Therefore, information on water dynamics within the wetted soil is necessary. Field investigations and laboratory analyses can measure wetted soil volume dimensions, but these are time-consuming and costly. Mathematical models can also be used to obtain such information based on soil physical-hydraulic properties, among the most used models in HYDRUS-2D. In this sense, we aimed to simulate water movement in a sandy soil profile using the HYDRUS-2D model for subsurface drippers at different spacings, depths, and flows rates. Initially, a greenhouse test was carried out to validate HYDRUS-2D for the soil Psamment (Ferralic Arenosol). After validation, simulations for drippers were arranged as follows: spacings of 0.30, 0.40, and 0.50 m; depths of 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 m; and flow rates of 1.0 and 1.6 Lh -1 . In all simulations, ten applications of 1 l of water were carried out. Simulations showed that the dripper spacing, depth, and flow rate of 0.40 m, 0.20 m, and 1.6 Lh -1 presented the best performance. In this configuration, wetted soil volume remained at an adequate depth in a scenario of sugarcane root and near the surface, avoiding economic and environmental costs due to water losses to deeper soil layers.","PeriodicalId":21359,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ciencia Agronomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71157147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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