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Experience and expression of postnatal mothers practicing kangaroo mother care: A qualitative study. 实施袋鼠妈妈护理的产后母亲的经验和表达:定性研究。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241266493
Pary Mohammad Aziz

Introduction: Kangaroo Mother Care is a valuable technique recognized for its impact on bonding, breastfeeding, and thermoregulation in newborn infants, transcending considerations of weight, gestational age, or clinical condition.

Objective: This study aimed to assess mothers' feelings and perceptions regarding the implementation of the Kangaroo Mother Care procedure.

Method: In this qualitative investigation, individual interviews were conducted with 25 postnatal mothers who had experienced Kangaroo Mother Care with their infants. While, 12 unique responses were acquired. These interviews served as a means to explore and document the mothers' perspectives on Kangaroo Mother Care. The analysis of field notes identified four themes and one subtheme, which were coded into categorical distinctions.

Results: A total of 25 postnatal mothers, along with their newborns participated in this study. The majority of postnatal mothers fall within the age range of 20-30 years (48%), followed by 30-40 years (40%), Regarding newborn, majority were full-term (64%), followed by premature (28%) The findings revealed several significant outcomes. Mothers reported a marked improvement in their perception of Kangaroo Mother Care, describing reduced pain, enhanced comfort, and an overall positive sentiment. Many expressed that practicing KMC was a novel and delightful experience, marking their first engagement in this procedure. Moreover, a majority expressed a willingness to continue Kangaroo Mother Care in the future, hoping for its continued implementation within hospital settings. This enthusiasm aligns with recognizing Kangaroo Mother Care as a priority in nursing mother care.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the study underscores the potential benefits and positive impact of Kangaroo Mother Care on mother's experience. The findings advocate for the broad implementation of Kangaroo Mother Care as a valuable strategy in neonatal care, offering a holistic approach to improving the well-being of both mothers and newborns. These insights emphasize the importance of promoting and integrating Kangaroo Mother Care into neonatal care protocols, contributing to enhanced neonatal health and maternal satisfaction.

简介:袋鼠式母婴护理是一项公认的重要技术,它对新生儿的亲子关系、母乳喂养和体温调节都有影响,且不受体重、胎龄或临床状况的影响:本研究旨在评估母亲对实施袋鼠式母亲护理程序的感受和看法:在这项定性调查中,我们对 25 位曾与婴儿一起体验过袋鼠妈妈护理的产后母亲进行了个别访谈。共收到 12 份独特的回复。这些访谈是探索和记录母亲们对袋鼠妈妈护理的看法的一种手段。对现场记录的分析确定了四个主题和一个次主题,并对其进行了分类编码:共有 25 位产后母亲和她们的新生儿参与了这项研究。大多数产后母亲的年龄在 20-30 岁之间(48%),其次是 30-40 岁(40%);新生儿方面,大多数是足月儿(64%),其次是早产儿(28%)。母亲们表示,她们对袋鼠式母婴护理的看法有了明显改善,认为疼痛减轻了,舒适度提高了,总体感觉良好。许多人表示,第一次使用袋鼠式护理是一次新奇而愉快的体验。此外,大多数人表示愿意在未来继续开展袋鼠妈妈护理,希望在医院环境中继续实施。这种热情与将 "袋鼠妈妈 "护理作为护理母亲的优先事项是一致的:总之,本研究强调了袋鼠妈妈护理对母亲体验的潜在益处和积极影响。研究结果主张广泛实施袋鼠妈妈护理,将其作为新生儿护理的一项重要策略,提供一种全面的方法来改善母亲和新生儿的福祉。这些见解强调了推广袋鼠妈妈护理并将其纳入新生儿护理规程的重要性,有助于提高新生儿健康和产妇满意度。
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引用次数: 0
Femoral bone mineral density as a tool of personalized medicine for rheumatoid arthritis: Interleukin-6 inhibitors for patients with low density whereas tumor necrosis factor inhibitor for patients with preserved density? 股骨骨矿物质密度是治疗类风湿性关节炎的个性化医疗工具:白细胞介素-6抑制剂适用于低密度患者,而肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂适用于高密度患者?
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241277498
Hirokazu Takaoka, Tomohiro Miyamura, Kota Shimada

Objectives: There is a lack of indicators to distinguish between interleukin-6 inhibitors responders and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors responders in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoporosis is a complication of rheumatoid arthritis and is closely related to inflammatory pathology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether bone mineral density can distinguish interleukin-6 inhibitors responders from tumor necrosis factor inhibitors responders in rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: Either interleukin-6 inhibitors or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors was introduced as the first biologics to patients naïve to both corticosteroid and osteoporosis treatment. Correlations between baseline bone mineral density and Clinical Disease Activity Index after 3 months were analyzed.

Results: The subjects were 26 rheumatoid arthritis patients with a median age of 60 years old, disease duration of 1.4 years, Clinical Disease Activity Index of 13.7, and C-reactive protein of 1.69 mg/dL. The subjects were divided into two groups (high (H) and low (L)) according to their femoral bone mineral density with a cutoff of young adult mean of 80%. Six in group H and 11 in group L received interleukin-6 inhibitors, and nine in group H received tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Clinical Disease Activity Index remission rate by interleukin-6 inhibitors was significantly greater in group L (8/11 (72.7%)) than in group H (1/6 (16.7%); p < 0.05). In the whole group H, significantly more patients obtained Clinical Disease Activity Index remission by tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (7/9, 77.8%) than by interleukin-6 inhibitors (1/6 (16.7%); p = 0.04).

Conclusions: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, interleukin-6 inhibitors may be more beneficial for patients with low femoral bone mineral density, whereas tumor necrosis factor inhibitors may be advantageous for those with preserved bone mineral density.

目的:在类风湿性关节炎的治疗中,缺乏区分白细胞介素-6 抑制剂应答者和肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂应答者的指标。骨质疏松症是类风湿关节炎的并发症之一,与炎症病理密切相关。本研究的目的是评估骨矿密度能否区分类风湿性关节炎患者中的白细胞介素-6抑制剂应答者和肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂应答者:方法:白细胞介素-6抑制剂或肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂作为第一种生物制剂,被初次接受皮质类固醇和骨质疏松症治疗的患者使用。分析了基线骨矿密度与 3 个月后临床疾病活动指数之间的相关性:受试者为 26 名类风湿性关节炎患者,中位年龄为 60 岁,病程为 1.4 年,临床疾病活动指数为 13.7,C 反应蛋白为 1.69 mg/dL。受试者根据股骨骨质密度分为两组(高(H)组和低(L)组),以年轻人平均骨质密度为 80% 为分界线。H组中的6人和L组中的11人接受了白细胞介素-6抑制剂治疗,H组中的9人接受了肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂治疗。白细胞介素-6抑制剂的临床疾病活动指数缓解率在L组(8/11(72.7%))明显高于H组(1/6(16.7%);P P = 0.04):在类风湿性关节炎患者中,白细胞介素-6抑制剂可能对股骨骨质密度低的患者更有益,而肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂可能对骨质密度有保留的患者更有利。
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引用次数: 0
Status of quality indicators in a mycobacteriology culture laboratory, Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚西达马省哈瓦萨分枝杆菌培养实验室的质量指标状况。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241274716
Wolde Abreham Geda, Tariku Lambiyo Anticho, Moges Desta Ormago

Objective: We aimed to assess performance parameters in a Hawassa Tuberculosis Culture Laboratory, in the Sidama Regional Public Health Institute.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 27 October 2020 and 31 May 2021, on 439 clinical specimens. The specimens were processed using standard procedures, and the final suspension was inoculated into a Microbial Growth Indicator Tube and Lowenstein-Jensen media slant. Ziehl-Neelsen staining and the Bioline test kit were used to identify and confirm Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The data were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 26).

Results: Out of a total of 439 specimens that were processed, the recovery rates for smear-positive specimens were 61% (25 out of 41) and 58.5% (24 out of 41) for the Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube, and the Lowenstein-Jensen methods, respectively. For smear-negative samples, the recovery rates were 4.5% (18 out of 398) for both methods. Only 4 (0.9%) specimens were rejected. The mean turnaround times to detect mycobacteria from smear-positive samples were 14 and 32 days for the Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube and Lowenstein-Jensen methods, respectively. The standard deviations were ±6.3 days and ±9.7 days, respectively. For smear-negative samples, the mean turnaround times were 17.7 and 31 days for the Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube and Lowenstein-Jensen methods, respectively. The standard deviations were ±9.2 days and ±9.6 days, respectively. The contamination rates for the Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube and Lowenstein-Jensen methods were 9.8% (43 out of 439) and 9.6% (42 out of 439), respectively. The detection rate of nontuberculosis mycobacteria was 1.4% (6 out of 439).

Conclusion: It demands attention to improve the low recovery rate among smear-negative cultures and culture contamination rates.

目的:我们旨在评估西达马地区公共卫生研究所哈瓦萨结核病培养实验室的性能参数:我们旨在评估西达马地区公共卫生研究所哈瓦萨结核病培养实验室的性能参数:在 2020 年 10 月 27 日至 2021 年 5 月 31 日期间对 439 份临床标本进行了横断面调查。标本采用标准程序处理,最后将悬浮液接种到微生物生长指示管和洛恩斯坦-詹森培养基斜面上。采用齐氏-奈尔森染色法和 Bioline 检测试剂盒来鉴定和确认结核分枝杆菌。数据使用 IBM 社会科学统计软件包(SPSS,26 版)进行分析:在总共处理的 439 份标本中,涂片阳性标本的分枝杆菌生长指示管法回收率为 61%(41 份中有 25 份),洛文斯丹-詹森法回收率为 58.5%(41 份中有 24 份)。对于涂片阴性样本,两种方法的回收率均为 4.5%(398 份样本中的 18 份)。只有 4 份样本(0.9%)被拒收。从涂片阳性样本中检测分枝杆菌的平均周转时间分别为 14 天和 32 天。标准偏差分别为±6.3 天和±9.7 天。对于涂片阴性样本,霉菌生长指示管法和洛文斯丹-简森法的平均周转时间分别为 17.7 天和 31 天。标准偏差分别为±9.2 天和±9.6 天。分枝杆菌生长指示管法和洛文斯丹-简森法的污染率分别为 9.8%(439 人中有 43 人)和 9.6%(439 人中有 42 人)。非结核分枝杆菌的检出率为 1.4%(439 人中有 6 人):结论:涂片阴性培养回收率低和培养污染率高的问题需要引起重视。
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引用次数: 0
Obstacles to using the safe surgery checklist: Perspectives of first-line personnel. 使用安全手术清单的障碍:一线人员的观点。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241278229
Marianne Palm, Geir Sverre Braut

Objectives: The safe surgery checklist, presented by the World Health Organization in 2008, is an aid to performing surgical interventions safely. Research indicates that the use of checklists in clinical activities leads to a reduced number of adverse events. However, research suggests that the use of checklists differs between different institutions and even between units in the same organisation. The intention of this study is to identify factors regarded by the health personnel in 'the sharp end' as obstacles to using the checklist.

Methods: The study has a qualitative, case-based design. It is performed by the Hazard Identification method, which is a method for revealing safety hazards based on workers' experiences.

Results: Obstacles were identified related to the content of the list, areas of use, distribution of responsibilities connected with the use of the list, and finally the organisation and management of safety efforts related to clinical activities. The use of checklists must be part of a system's perspective, and deviations from checklists must be discussed in the organisation. The informants also claimed that checklists should be implemented for interventions located outside the operating theatres and for emergency treatments.

Conclusions: Even though the majority of employees believe that checklists are necessary, many surrounding factors are perceived as obstacles to their use. Not least, site-specific factors may be revealed by use of the Hazard Identification method.

目的:安全手术核对表由世界卫生组织于 2008 年提出,是安全实施手术干预的辅助工具。研究表明,在临床活动中使用核对表可减少不良事件的发生。然而,研究表明,不同机构之间,甚至同一机构的不同单位之间,使用核对表的情况也不尽相同。本研究的目的是找出 "最前沿 "医务人员认为阻碍使用核对表的因素:方法:本研究采用定性和个案设计。研究采用了 "危险识别法",这是一种根据工人经验揭示安全隐患的方法:结果:发现了与清单内容、使用领域、与清单使用相关的责任分配以及与临床活动相关的安全工作的组织和管理有关的障碍。核对表的使用必须是系统观点的一部分,偏离核对表的情况必须在组织内进行讨论。信息提供者还称,应在手术室外的干预措施和紧急治疗中使用核对表:尽管大多数员工认为核对表是必要的,但许多周边因素被认为是使用核对表的障碍。尤其是,通过使用危险识别方法,可以发现特定场所的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Breaking barriers: Navigating the path to successful scientific research publication among faculty members in Egypt. 打破障碍:埃及教职员工成功发表科研成果的导航之路。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241274710
Abdelaziz Hendy, Sahar M Soliman, Samira Salman, Fadia Ahmed Abdelkader Reshia, Salwa Sayed, Ahmed Hendy, Khalid Al-Mugheed, Amany Anwar Saeed Alabdullah, Sally Mohammed Farghaly Abdelaliem, Ahmed Zaher

Background: In the realm of academia, the publication of scientific research is not merely an act of dissemination; it serves as a pivotal milestone that signifies the culmination of rigorous investigation, critical analysis, and intellectual contribution.

Aim: To examine the challenges and barriers encountered by faculty members in the process of publishing their work.

Methods: The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted from 1 March to 1 May 2022. A convenience sample of 358 faculty members from eight universities in Egypt, representing a diverse range of faculties. These faculties comprised five practical disciplines, namely, Nursing, Medicine, Science, Pharmacy, and Engineering, as well as three theoretical faculties including Al-Alsun (Languages), Arts, and Commerce. The universities involved in the study included Ain Shams, Cairo, Mansoura, Benha, Assiut, 6th of October, British University in Egypt (BUE), among others. Data were collected through an online questionnaire that included staff characteristics and barriers to scientific research and publishing. Hypothesis testing was conducted using appropriate statistical analysis methods (e.g., Chi-square test) to assess the relationships between faculty members' characteristics and barriers to publishing.

Results: The faculty staff in our study reported the highest barriers to publishing scientific research in the domains of the reviewing process (74%), institutional support (67%), and scientific publishing process (60.9%). Conversely, the lowest barriers were found in the domains of frustration after rejection (55.1%), scientific writing barriers (46.1%), and loss of passion and causation of publishing barriers (41.3%).

Conclusions: The results highlighted the need for increased support and resources to overcome these barriers and foster a positive culture of research and publishing in Egyptian universities.

背景:在学术领域,科研成果的发表不仅仅是一种传播行为,它还是一个关键的里程碑,标志着严谨调查、批判性分析和智力贡献的顶峰:研究采用描述性横断面设计,于 2022 年 3 月 1 日至 5 月 1 日进行。方便抽样调查了来自埃及八所大学的 358 名教职员工,他们代表了不同的院系。这些院系包括五个实用学科,即护理、医学、理学、药学和工程学,以及三个理论院系,包括 Al-Alsun(语言)、艺术和商业。参与研究的大学包括艾因夏姆斯大学、开罗大学、曼苏拉大学、本哈大学、阿苏特大学、十月六日大学、英国驻埃及大学(BUE)等。数据是通过在线问卷收集的,其中包括工作人员的特点以及科学研究和出版的障碍。使用适当的统计分析方法(如卡方检验)进行了假设检验,以评估教职员工特征与发表论文障碍之间的关系:在我们的研究中,教职员工在评审过程(74%)、机构支持(67%)和科学出版过程(60.9%)方面报告了发表科研成果的最高障碍。相反,在被拒绝后的挫败感(55.1%)、科学写作障碍(46.1%)以及失去激情和发表障碍的因果关系(41.3%)等领域,教职员工遇到的障碍最少:研究结果表明,埃及大学需要更多的支持和资源来克服这些障碍,并培养积极的研究和出版文化。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of fish oil in controlling inflammation in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 鱼油对接受血液透析的成年患者控制炎症的效果:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241275467
Kaneez Fatima, Aysal Mahmood, Faiza Zafar Sayeed, Maryam Raza, Rahima Azam, Nazish Waris, Muttia Abdul Sattar, Teesha Rani, Zainab Wahaj, Danisha Kumar, Simra Nadeem Siddiqui

Objective: Hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease often exhibit inflammation characterized by elevated levels of C-reactive protein, Interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and they are shown to be associated with cardiovascular impairment and enhanced renal failure. This study aims to assess the impact of fish oil intake on inflammation indicators in adult hemodialysis patients.

Methods: From the inception to December 2023, the datasets Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Embase, and Pubmed were examined. Two authors independently searched, selected, and screened the literature. The pooled results are represented by weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals. To investigate the causes of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was done. Sensitivity analysis was then used to evaluate the validity of the combined findings.

Results: Thirteen randomized control trials studies were included. The pooled results showed that fish oil supplementation caused a significant reduction of the C-reactive protein level (WMD, -2.92 mg/L; 95% Confidence interval, -5.23, to -0.61; p = 0.01; I 2 = 99%), especially in patients with baseline C-reactive protein ⩾5 mg/L (WMD, -4.39 mg/L; 95% Confidence interval, -5.93 to 2.85; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 33%). Subgroup analyses showed that C-reactive protein baseline level (C-reactive protein <5 mg/L) was the main source of heterogeneity. Fish oil intake may not reduce the level of Interleukin 6 (WMD, -2.26; 95% Confidence interval: -19.61 to 15.09; p = 0.80; I 2 = 93%), nor will it reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (random model: WMD, -2.51; 95% Confidence interval: 6.08 to 1.06; p = 0.17; I 2 = 98%).

Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients, especially those with C-reactive protein > 5 mg/L, responded to fish oil supplementation to reduce their C-reactive protein level; however, Interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels did not appear to be affected.

目的:慢性肾脏病血液透析患者通常表现出以 C 反应蛋白、白细胞介素 6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α 水平升高为特征的炎症,并被证明与心血管损伤和肾功能衰竭加剧有关。本研究旨在评估鱼油摄入量对成年血液透析患者炎症指标的影响:方法:研究人员查阅了从开始到 2023 年 12 月的 Cochrane Central、Google Scholar、Science Direct、Embase 和 Pubmed 数据集。两位作者独立检索、筛选文献。汇总结果以加权平均差(WMD)和 95% 置信区间表示。为研究异质性的原因,进行了亚组分析。然后使用敏感性分析来评估综合结果的有效性:结果:共纳入 13 项随机对照试验研究。汇总结果显示,补充鱼油可显著降低 C 反应蛋白水平(WMD,-2.92 mg/L;95% 置信区间,-5.23 至 -0.61;p = 0.01;I 2 = 99%),尤其是基线 C 反应蛋白 ⩾5 mg/L 的患者(WMD,-4.39 mg/L;95% 置信区间,-5.93 至 2.85;p I 2 = 33%)。亚组分析显示,C 反应蛋白基线水平(C 反应蛋白 p = 0.80;I 2 = 93%),也不会降低肿瘤坏死因子-α 的水平(随机模型:结论:结论:血液透析患者,尤其是C反应蛋白大于5毫克/升的患者,补充鱼油可降低其C反应蛋白水平;但白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平似乎并未受到影响。
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引用次数: 0
Perception, experience, and practice of Iraqi community pharmacists towards customers with substance use disorder. 伊拉克社区药剂师对药物使用障碍患者的看法、经验和做法。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241275472
Ehab Mudher Mikhael, Nisreen Jumaah Jebur, Mohammed Yawuz Jamal, Tabarak Arkan Hameed

Background: Pharmacists are healthcare professionals who frequently encounter individuals struggling with addiction in their day-to-day practice. Studies critique pharmacists' competence in the detection, prevention, and management of substance use disorder.

Objective: This study aimed to get in-depth information about the perception, experience, and practice of Iraqi pharmacists towards substance use disorder.

Methods: A qualitative-study was performed through face-to-face individual-based interviews with community pharmacists in Baghdad/Iraq. Interviews were conducted from July 2023 till the saturation point (September 2023). Data analyzed by thematic-analysis approach.

Results: Interviews were conducted with 21 pharmacists. Most participants reported that substance use disorder is common among young males. Pregabalin is the most commonly requested drug. Availability, euphoric-effect, and low cost are the main reasons for favoring a drug by persons with substance use disorder. Moreover, poverty and social problems are the main reasons for substance use disorder. Drug intoxication signs are the main clues in recognizing substance use disorder. Most participants refuse dispensing drugs without prescription and reported that the barriers for implementing regulations on drugs with high potential for dependence are related to the limited follow-up to pharmacists, presence of outsiders, and fear from reactions of persons with substance use disorder. Pharmaceutical services to persons with substance use disorder were performed by few pharmacists and limited to patient education about the risks of misusing drugs. Most participants reported that enhancing pharmacists' competence in substance use disorder is necessary.

Conclusion: Substance use disorder is common among young Iraqi males. Pregabalin is a commonly requested drug. The current Iraqi regulations are not sufficient to prevent substance use disorder. Pharmaceutical services to persons with substance use disorder are weak and limited to patient education. Enhancing pharmacists' knowledge through educational courses is necessary to improve their role in facing substance use disorder.

背景:药剂师是医疗保健专业人员,在日常工作中经常会遇到与成瘾作斗争的人。研究对药剂师在检测、预防和管理药物使用障碍方面的能力进行了批判:本研究旨在深入了解伊拉克药剂师对药物使用障碍的认识、经验和做法:通过与伊拉克巴格达的社区药剂师进行面对面的个别访谈,开展了一项定性研究。访谈从 2023 年 7 月开始,直至达到饱和点(2023 年 9 月)。数据采用主题分析法进行分析:对 21 名药剂师进行了访谈。大多数参与者表示,药物使用障碍在年轻男性中很常见。普瑞巴林是最常申请的药物。药物滥用障碍患者选择药物的主要原因是药物的可获得性、兴奋效果和低成本。此外,贫穷和社会问题也是导致药物使用障碍的主要原因。药物中毒征兆是识别药物使用障碍的主要线索。大多数参与者拒绝在没有处方的情况下配发药物,并报告说,在执行关于极易产生依赖性的药物的规定时遇到的障碍与药剂师的跟踪有限、外来人员的存在以及对药物滥用失调患者反应的恐惧有关。只有少数药剂师为药物滥用失调患者提供药学服务,而且仅限于对患者进行有关滥用药物风险的教育。大多数参与者表示,有必要提高药剂师在药物使用障碍方面的能力:结论:药物使用障碍在伊拉克年轻男性中很常见。普瑞巴林是一种常用药物。伊拉克现行法规不足以预防药物使用失调。为药物滥用障碍患者提供的药学服务十分薄弱,仅限于患者教育。有必要通过教育课程提高药剂师的知识水平,以改善他们在应对药物使用障碍方面的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Disparities between objectively measured hearing loss and subjectively perceived aided hearing loss: A scoping review. 客观测量的听力损失与主观感知的辅助听力损失之间的差异:范围审查。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241279230
Anette Lykke Hindhede, Natascha Sofie Soendergaard, Eva Juul Toldam, Niels-Henrik Møller Hansen

Objectives: This scoping review aims to summarize and synthesize research findings on the disparities between audiometrically diagnosed and aided hearing loss versus the individual's own experience of hearing loss.

Methods: A systematic search strategy was employed across multiple databases to identify studies published between 1990 and October 2023 focusing on the experiences of hearing problems among individuals with aided hearing loss. The selected studies underwent screening based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. These criteria revolved around including papers featuring a population of adult (+18) individuals with audiometrically measured hearing loss who had undergone technological rehabilitation. Data charting was employed to provide an overview of the studies and was additionally utilized to identify key themes. Narrative analysis was used to identify subthemes within the data set.

Results: A total of 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The analysis identified five themes: "disability experience and discrepancy between measured and self-perceived hearing loss"; "listening effort"; "mental burden/psychological consequences"; "factors that alleviate the consequences of HL"; and "sociodemographic factors."

Conclusions: The scoping review shows that, despite the proliferation of technological options, there is a pressing need for a more concentrated effort to identify and scrutinize the supplementary facets of hearing loss that remain inadequately addressed by current hearing technology. This includes subjective experiences associated with hearing loss that may not be effectively treated solely with hearing aids.

研究目的本范围综述旨在总结和归纳有关听力诊断和辅助听力损失与个人自身听力损失经历之间差异的研究成果:在多个数据库中采用了系统性检索策略,以确定 1990 年至 2023 年 10 月间发表的、关注听力损失患者听力问题经历的研究。所选研究根据预先确定的纳入和排除标准进行筛选。这些标准主要是纳入以听力测定听力损失并接受过技术康复的成人(18 岁以上)为研究对象的论文。数据图表用于提供研究概况,还用于确定关键主题。叙事分析用于确定数据集中的次主题:共有 11 篇文章符合纳入标准。分析确定了五个主题:"残疾经历和测量听力损失与自我感觉听力损失之间的差异";"聆听的努力";"精神负担/心理后果";"减轻 HL 后果的因素";以及 "社会人口因素":范围界定审查表明,尽管技术选择层出不穷,但仍迫切需要更加集中地努力识别和审查听力损失的补充方面,因为目前的听力技术仍未充分解决这些问题。这包括与听力损失有关的主观感受,这些感受可能无法仅通过助听器得到有效治疗。
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引用次数: 0
High seroprevalence of IgM antibodies against chikungunya among patients with acute febrile illness seeking healthcare in a malaria-endemic area in the Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia. 在埃塞俄比亚东北部阿法尔地区疟疾流行区就医的急性发热性疾病患者中,基孔肯雅病毒 IgM 抗体血清阳性率较高。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241276557
Biruk Zerfu, Tesfu Kassa, Gezahegne Mamo, James W Larrick, Mengistu Legesse

Objective: Chikungunya is a disease caused by Aedes mosquito-borne chikungunya virus infection. This disease is becoming one of the emerging/re-emerging viral diseases in tropical and subtropical countries but is neglected by public health systems. This study assessed the seroprevalence of chikungunya virus infection among patients with acute febrile illness seeking healthcare in a malaria-endemic area in the Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed from September 2022 to March 2023 to assess the seroprevalence of chikungunya virus infection among malaria-suspected febrile patients attending health institutes in the Afar Region. Sociodemographic, clinical features, and venous blood were collected from each study participant. Blood films were prepared and examined for plasmodium infection using microscopy. Sera were separated and screened for anti-chikungunya virus IgM and IgG antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were entered into Epi Data 3.1 and analyzed using Stata/SE 14.2.

Results: In this study, 368 malaria-suspected febrile patients (55.4% female, aged 5-80 years old, mean ± SD = 27.28 ± 14.0) participated. The prevalence of anti-chikungunya virus IgM antibodies, indicating acute infection, was 47.8%, while the prevalence of IgG antibodies, indicating previous exposure, was 6.3%. Nonmarried participants were found to be more likely to have acute chikungunya virus infection (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.141-4.964), and back pain was associated with higher likelihood of acute infection (AOR = 1.785; 95% CI: 1.078-2.954). About 10.6% of the participants tested positive for Plasmodium parasite infection, with P. falciparum (84.6%) being the most common, followed by P. vivax (10.3%) and mixed (5.1%) infections.

Conclusion: The study revealed a high seroprevalence of acute chikungunya virus infection among febrile patients in the Afar Region, highlighting the importance of regular screening for arbovirus infection in febrile patients to control and mitigate chikungunya spread.

目的:基孔肯雅病是由伊蚊传播的基孔肯雅病毒感染引起的疾病。这种疾病正在成为热带和亚热带国家新发/再发的病毒性疾病之一,但却被公共卫生系统所忽视。本研究评估了在埃塞俄比亚东北部阿法尔地区疟疾流行区就医的急性发热性疾病患者中基孔肯雅病毒感染的血清流行率:在 2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 3 月期间开展了一项以医疗机构为基础的横断面研究,以评估在阿法尔地区医疗机构就诊的疟疾疑似发热病人中基孔肯雅病毒感染的血清流行率。研究人员收集了每位参与者的社会人口学特征、临床特征和静脉血。制备血片,用显微镜检查疟原虫感染情况。分离血清,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗基孔肯雅病毒 IgM 和 IgG 抗体。数据输入 Epi Data 3.1,并使用 Stata/SE 14.2 进行分析:本研究共有 368 名疑似疟疾发热患者(55.4% 为女性,年龄在 5-80 岁之间,平均值 ± SD = 27.28 ± 14.0)参加。抗基孔肯雅病毒 IgM 抗体的流行率为 47.8%,表示急性感染,而 IgG 抗体的流行率为 6.3%,表示以前接触过。研究发现,未婚参与者更有可能急性感染基孔肯雅病毒(AOR = 2.34,95% CI:1.141-4.964),背痛与急性感染的可能性较高(AOR = 1.785;95% CI:1.078-2.954)。约 10.6% 的参与者疟原虫感染检测呈阳性,其中最常见的是恶性疟原虫(84.6%),其次是间日疟原虫(10.3%)和混合感染(5.1%):研究显示,阿法尔地区发热病人中急性基孔肯雅病毒感染的血清流行率很高,这凸显了在发热病人中定期筛查虫媒病毒感染以控制和减少基孔肯雅病毒传播的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Inventory Management Performance for Tracer Medicines in Public Health Facilities of Southwest Shewa Zone Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A mixed study. 埃塞俄比亚西南谢瓦区奥罗莫地区公共卫生机构的示踪药品库存管理绩效:混合研究。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241274041
Alemayehu Gutesa, Tariku Jebena, Oliyad Kebede

Introduction: Tracer medicines are medicines that must be available in sufficient quantities at all times to satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. Inventory mismanagement of these medicines poses significant challenges to public health systems, especially in countries like Ethiopia, where access to healthcare services is already limited.

Objective: This study aims to assess inventory management performance for tracer medicines at public health facilities of the southwest Shewa zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia.

Method: Concurrent triangulation mixed-method study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2022. The quantitative data were collected using interviewer-administered semistructured questionnaires and observational checklists. The qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with key informants. The quantitative data were analyzed using the SPSS version 26 and Excel spreadsheet version 16. We calculated the stock-out rate, inventory accuracy rate, percentage of facilities that fulfill appropriate storage conditions, percentage of facilities that submitted reports on time, and received the exact quantity of drugs they ordered. Qualitative data were analyzed manually using the thematic content analysis technique.

Results: The inventory accuracy rate for tracer medicines was 76% for hospitals and 72.5% for health centers. The overall mean stock-out rate was 24.99%. Bin card updating practice was 93.3%, and only 25% health facilities met the acceptable storage conditions criteria. Among submitted reports, 88.8% were timely reported, 72.2% were accurate, and 75% were complete. Inventory management challenges include a shortage of supplies from the supplier and in the market, price inflation, inadequate training, lack of supportive supervision, insufficient IT and storage infrastructures, lack of communication, and budget constraints.

Conclusion: From this finding, we concluded that facilities' report quality, inventory record accuracy, storage conditions, and logistics management information system needs improvements. Therefore, Ministry of Health, assessed facilities and Ethiopian pharmaceuticals Supply Services should take measures to improve them.

导言:示踪药品是必须随时备有足够数量的药品,以满足民众的优先医疗保健需求。这些药品的库存管理不善给公共卫生系统带来了巨大挑战,尤其是在埃塞俄比亚这样医疗服务本来就有限的国家:本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚奥罗莫地区西南谢瓦区公共卫生机构的示踪药品库存管理绩效:方法:于 2022 年 6 月 1 日至 30 日开展了同步三角测量混合方法研究。定量数据通过访谈人员发放的半结构化问卷和观察核对表收集。定性数据通过与主要信息提供者的深入访谈收集。定量数据使用 SPSS 26 版和 Excel 电子表格 16 版进行分析。我们计算了缺货率、库存准确率、满足适当储存条件的设施百分比、按时提交报告的设施百分比以及收到的药品数量与订购数量相符的设施百分比。我们使用主题内容分析技术对定性数据进行了人工分析:医院的示踪药品库存准确率为 76%,医疗中心为 72.5%。总体平均缺货率为 24.99%。仓卡更新率为 93.3%,只有 25% 的医疗机构符合可接受的储存条件标准。在已提交的报告中,88.8%为及时报告,72.2%为准确报告,75%为完整报告。库存管理面临的挑战包括供应商和市场供应短缺、价格上涨、培训不足、缺乏支持性监督、信息技术和存储基础设施不足、缺乏沟通以及预算限制:从这一调查结果中,我们得出结论,医疗机构的报告质量、库存记录准确性、存储条件和物流管理信息系统需要改进。因此,卫生部、接受评估的医疗机构和埃塞俄比亚药品供应服务机构应采取措施加以改进。
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引用次数: 0
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SAGE Open Medicine
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