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Assessment of the knowledge, attitude, and practice of childbearing mothers in the geographically coastal region of Bangladesh for cleanliness and food safety of food security. 评估孟加拉国沿海地区育龄妇女对清洁和食品安全的认识、态度和做法。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241264741
Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Ruhina Binta A Ghani, Lincon Chandra Shill, Farjana Afroz, Akibul Islam Chowdhury, Fouzia Akter, Effat Ara Jahan, Md Masud Rana, Jianfeng Li

Objectives: Household hygiene and food safety are essential parts of food security; better food safety and hygiene will help reduce the chances of illness for young children and family members rarely studied in the selected area of coastal Bangladesh. The study aimed to discover the knowledge, attitude, and practice levels for cleanliness, hygiene, and food safety in the household.

Methods: In this study, we employed a cross-sectional survey with simple random sampling to collect data from 384 childbearing mothers. The survey used the pretested, validated, and standardized (knowledge, attitude, and practice) questionnaire-model-based interview guide.

Results: According to our study analysis, the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores among mothers were inadequate for household cleanliness and hygiene management. In the area context, knowledge efficiency was related to family type (joint and nuclear). Family economic conditions strongly influenced mothers' attitudes and behavior toward knowledge, attitude, and practice score. Unemployed and illiterate mothers have lower knowledge, attitude, and practice scores. Educated mothers have better knowledge, attitude, and practice score compared to illiterate mothers (p < 0.014). Nuclear family knowledge, attitude, and practice attitude was much greater (p < 0.04) and wealthier families showed better practice (p < 0.001) toward cleanliness and food safety in the household level.

Conclusions: The study discovered the mothers' and household members' attention need to improve the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward proper hygiene and food safety at the household level of marginalized populations in coastal Bangladesh.

目标:家庭卫生和食品安全是食品安全的重要组成部分;改善食品安全和卫生状况将有助于降低幼儿和家庭成员患病的几率,但在孟加拉国沿海所选地区却鲜有研究。本研究旨在了解家庭对清洁、卫生和食品安全的认识、态度和实践水平:在这项研究中,我们采用了简单随机抽样的横断面调查方法,收集了 384 名育龄母亲的数据。调查采用了预先测试、验证和标准化(知识、态度和实践)的基于问卷模型的访谈指南:根据我们的研究分析,母亲们在家庭清洁卫生管理方面的知识、态度和实践得分不足。在地区背景下,知识效率与家庭类型(联合家庭和核心家庭)有关。家庭经济条件强烈影响着母亲们对知识、态度和实践得分的态度和行为。失业和文盲母亲的知识、态度和实践得分较低。与文盲母亲相比,受过教育的母亲在知识、态度和实践方面的得分更高(p p p p 结论):这项研究发现,在孟加拉国沿海地区,母亲和家庭成员需要关注如何在家庭层面提高对正确卫生和食品安全的认识、态度和做法。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of circulating microRNA-126-3p as a new biomarker for coronary artery calcification. 将循环 microRNA-126-3p 鉴定为冠状动脉钙化的新生物标记物。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241272646
Xia Zhang, Mengmeng Zhu, Peng Zeng, Mingxiu Guan, Hongyu Zhang, Shaohua Duan, Heli Huang, Yulian Liu, Hongliang Cong, Yuanli Chen

Objective: Several circulating microRNAs, including microRNA-126-3p, have been identified as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of cardiovascular disease. However, whether microRNA-126-3p is an independent risk predictor for coronary artery calcification is unclear.

Methods: In this prospective single-center study, we collected blood samples from coronary artery atherosclerosis patients (n = 54), patients with coronary artery calcification (n = 33) and controls (n = 56). Total RNA was extracted from plasma and blood cells with TRIzol reagents. The microRNA-126-3p level was determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results: MicroRNA-126-3p levels were significantly increased in patients with coronary artery calcification than in coronary artery atherosclerosis patients or controls. The highest expression of microRNA-126-3p was observed in patients with moderate calcification who were diagnosed with Grade 2 calcification by coronary angiography. Age, microRNA-126-3p expression in veins, hypertension and diabetes significantly influence the occurrence of coronary artery calcification, among which diabetes and venous microRNA-126-3p expression were found to be independent risk factors for coronary artery calcification.

Conclusions: Taken together, the data in this study suggest that circulating microRNA-126-3p may be a novel noninvasive biomarker for coronary artery calcification. Regulating microRNA-126-3p expression may be an effective and promising strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary artery calcification.

目的:包括microRNA-126-3p在内的几种循环microRNA已被确定为心血管疾病的诊断和预后生物标志物。然而,microRNA-126-3p 是否是冠状动脉钙化的独立风险预测因子尚不清楚:在这项前瞻性单中心研究中,我们收集了冠状动脉粥样硬化患者(54 人)、冠状动脉钙化患者(33 人)和对照组(56 人)的血液样本。用 TRIzol 试剂从血浆和血细胞中提取总 RNA。微RNA-126-3p水平通过实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)测定:结果:与冠状动脉粥样硬化患者或对照组相比,冠状动脉钙化患者的 microRNA-126-3p 水平明显升高。经冠状动脉造影诊断为 2 级钙化的中度钙化患者的 microRNA-126-3p 表达量最高。年龄、静脉中microRNA-126-3p的表达、高血压和糖尿病对冠状动脉钙化的发生有显著影响,其中糖尿病和静脉中microRNA-126-3p的表达是冠状动脉钙化的独立危险因素:综上所述,本研究的数据表明,循环 microRNA-126-3p 可能是冠状动脉钙化的一种新型无创生物标志物。调节microRNA-126-3p的表达可能是诊断和治疗心血管疾病,尤其是冠状动脉钙化的有效且有前景的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring patient's perspective of barriers to diabetic medication adherence in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, using the social determinants of health model. 利用健康的社会决定因素模型,从患者的角度探讨沙特阿拉伯贾赞地区糖尿病患者坚持服药的障碍。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241271820
Amani Khardali, Alanood Aladwani, Fahad Alzahrani, Osama A Madkhali, Saad Al Qahtani, Marwa Qadri, Morghma Deffeallah Adawi, Mohammed Hakamy

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is usually associated with long-term macrovascular and microvascular complications that negatively impact the patient's quality of life and add economic burden to the healthcare system. Understanding patients' perspectives on medication nonadherence is essential for planning the appropriate methods and strategies to improve medication adherence among patients with uncontrolled diabetes.

Aim: Therefore, this study aims to explore patients' perceptions of the barriers to medication adherence through the Social Health determinants framework.

Method: After obtaining ethical approval, qualitative face-to-face interviews with a sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (uncontrolled diabetes) were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded, and then the data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify essential themes related to the patient's views.

Results: Fifteen patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were interviewed. Potential barriers to antidiabetic medications were identified and categorized based on the Social Determinants of Health domains. The patient's health perceptions and behaviors were found to positively or negatively impact medication adherence. Beliefs toward antidiabetic medications, polypharmacy, medication-related problems, and the relationship between patients and their healthcare providers that related to healthcare access and quality domains were also reported as potential barriers to medications. Financial constraints, social stigma, and family support were other social health determinants factors that were found to have either positive or negative impacts on adherence. Nevertheless, using mobile health applications was suggested to facilitate medication adherence.

Conclusion: Social Determinants of Health, such as education about type 2 diabetes mellitus, quality and access to healthcare, and social stigma and support, might significantly affect medication adherence among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study's findings can aid the development of suitable patient-specific tools and strategies to enhance medication adherence.

背景:2 型糖尿病通常伴有长期的大血管和微血管并发症,这些并发症会对患者的生活质量造成负面影响,并加重医疗系统的经济负担。因此,本研究旨在通过社会健康决定因素框架探讨患者对坚持服药障碍的看法:在获得伦理批准后,对 2 型糖尿病(未控制的糖尿病)患者样本进行了面对面的定性访谈。对访谈进行录音,然后使用主题分析法对数据进行分析,以确定与患者观点相关的基本主题:结果:15 位 2 型糖尿病患者接受了访谈。根据 "健康的社会决定因素"(Social Determinants of Health)领域对患者使用抗糖尿病药物的潜在障碍进行了识别和分类。研究发现,患者的健康观念和行为会对坚持服药产生积极或消极影响。据报告,对抗抑郁药物的看法、多重用药、与药物相关的问题以及患者与医疗服务提供者之间与医疗服务获取和质量相关的关系也是潜在的用药障碍。经济拮据、社会耻辱感和家庭支持等其他社会健康决定因素也对坚持用药产生了积极或消极的影响。不过,有研究建议使用移动医疗应用程序来促进坚持用药:结论:健康的社会决定因素,如有关 2 型糖尿病的教育、医疗保健的质量和可及性、社会耻辱感和支持,可能会严重影响 2 型糖尿病患者的服药依从性。本研究的发现有助于开发适合患者的工具和策略,以提高患者的服药依从性。
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引用次数: 0
Obesity and its related factors among university medical students in Syria: A cross-sectional study. 叙利亚医科大学生的肥胖症及其相关因素:一项横断面研究。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241267224
Ahmad Naeem, Yazen AlJaber, Ameer Kakaje, Amjad Ghareeb, Bayan Al Said

Introduction: Obesity is a worldwide pandemic that has many contributing factors. There is very scarce data available on this issue for the population in Syria. We aim to evaluate the body mass index and related obesity rates of medical students as they are the role model for the general population. We aim to explore the breadth of potential associated factors including psychological, physical activity, dietary, and a broad array of lifestyle and socio-demographic factors.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted at a major university in Damascus. Paper-based questionnaires were distributed that included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale.

Results: The mean body mass index was 23.5 (±4.2) kg/m2 with 540 participants enrolled in this study. Males had significantly higher body mass index than females by 2.5 kg/m2 (p < 0.001, χ2 = 47.9, V = 0.3). In our sample, 304 (60.68%) had normal body mass index (18.5-24.99), 40 (7.98%) were considered underweight (body mass index ⩽ 18.5), 120 (23.95%) were considered overweight (body mass index = 25-29.99) and 37 (7.39%) were considered obese. While many factors were found to be significantly associated with body mass index and obesity, only physical activity, depression, having a first-degree family history with obesity and poor dietary habits were associated in regression analyses evaluating all predictors concurrently.

Conclusion: The findings reflect an ongoing epidemic of obesity. Our findings can guide targeted intervention for this young population who will become doctors and health role models in the future. More studies should be conducted to find the best possible ways to tackle this issue in the future.

引言肥胖症是一种世界性流行病,有许多诱因。有关叙利亚人口肥胖问题的数据非常少。我们旨在评估医学生的体重指数和相关肥胖率,因为他们是普通人群的榜样。我们旨在探索潜在的相关因素,包括心理、体育锻炼、饮食以及一系列生活方式和社会人口因素:这是一项横断面研究,在大马士革的一所重点大学进行。研究发放了纸质问卷,其中包括国际体力活动问卷简版和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表:540 名参与者的平均体重指数为 23.5 (±4.2) kg/m2。男性的体重指数明显比女性高出 2.5 kg/m2(p 2 = 47.9,V = 0.3)。在我们的样本中,304 人(60.68%)体重指数正常(18.5-24.99),40 人(7.98%)体重不足(体重指数 ⩽18.5),120 人(23.95%)超重(体重指数 = 25-29.99),37 人(7.39%)肥胖。虽然发现许多因素与体重指数和肥胖有明显关联,但在同时评估所有预测因素的回归分析中,只有体育锻炼、抑郁症、一级家族史中有肥胖症和不良饮食习惯与肥胖有关联:结论:研究结果反映出肥胖症正在流行。我们的研究结果可以指导对这些未来将成为医生和健康榜样的年轻人进行有针对性的干预。今后应开展更多研究,找到解决这一问题的最佳方法。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacy professionals' understanding, attitude and practice toward pharmaceutical care in Motta town, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. 埃塞俄比亚西北部莫塔镇药学专业人员对药品护理的理解、态度和实践:横断面研究。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241267239
Mekdes Kiflu, Sintayehu Simie Tsega, Tilaye Arega Moges, Helen Abebaw Alem, Melese Getachew

Objective: Although pharmaceutical care provision is the primary goal of the pharmacy profession, its actual implementation has been lacking in developing nations. Therefore, this study investigated pharmacy professional's understanding, attitudes, and practice toward pharmaceutical care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 30 July 2022 to 30 August 2022, at all community and hospital pharmacies in Motta town, Northwest Ethiopia. Data were gathered using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. A logistic regression model with a p-value of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval was applied to identify factors associated with understanding, attitude, and practice.

Result: The study had a 97.7% response rate. Of the 130 participants, 71 (54.6%) were females. Slightly more than half (56.2%) of the participants were aware of the aim (56.2%) of pharmaceutical care and responsibilities (56.9%) of pharmacy professionals in the pharmaceutical care process. However, most participants lack awareness of the similarities and differences between clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care. Concerning their attitude, most participants (66.9%) believed that pharmaceutical care provision should be the primary responsibility of pharmacy professionals, and it will benefit patients (61.6%) and the healthcare system (60.8%). Pharmacy professionals frequently evaluate their patients and identify health or drug therapy-related problems and potentially available therapeutic alternatives. However, they rarely engaged in any health screening activities or provided feedback to the doctor on the patient's progress. Training status, sex, and years of practice/understanding were significantly related to pharmacy professionals' level of understanding, attitudes, and practice toward pharmaceutical care, as both years of practice and understanding are related to practice.

Conclusion: Our study revealed a deficit in pharmacy professionals' understanding, attitude, and practice toward pharmaceutical care in Motta town, Northwest Ethiopia. Policymakers, health authorities, and educational institutions should work together to develop strategies and instructional initiatives that optimize pharmaceutical care provision and thus achieve optimal patient outcomes and lower healthcare costs.

目的:尽管提供药物护理是药学专业的首要目标,但在发展中国家,药物护理的实际实施却很欠缺。因此,本研究调查了药学专业人员对药物护理的理解、态度和实践:这项横断面研究于 2022 年 7 月 30 日至 2022 年 8 月 30 日在埃塞俄比亚西北部莫塔镇的所有社区和医院药房进行。采用自填式问卷收集数据,并使用 SPSS 26.0 版进行分析。采用 P 值为 0.05、置信区间为 95% 的逻辑回归模型来确定与理解、态度和实践相关的因素:研究的回复率为 97.7%。在 130 名参与者中,71 人(54.6%)为女性。略多于半数(56.2%)的参与者了解药物护理的目的(56.2%)和药学专业人员在药物护理过程中的责任(56.9%)。然而,大多数参与者对临床药学和药物护理之间的异同缺乏认识。在态度方面,大多数参与者(66.9%)认为提供药物护理应是药学专业人员的主要责任,这将使患者(61.6%)和医疗系统(60.8%)受益。药学专业人员经常对患者进行评估,找出与健康或药物治疗相关的问题以及潜在的替代治疗方法。然而,他们很少参与任何健康检查活动,也很少向医生反馈病人的进展情况。培训状况、性别和从业年限/了解程度与药学专业人员对药物护理的了解程度、态度和实践有显著关系,因为从业年限和了解程度都与实践有关:我们的研究表明,在埃塞俄比亚西北部的莫塔镇,药学专业人员对药物护理的理解、态度和实践都存在不足。政策制定者、卫生部门和教育机构应携手合作,共同制定战略和教学计划,优化药物护理的提供,从而实现最佳的患者治疗效果并降低医疗成本。
{"title":"Pharmacy professionals' understanding, attitude and practice toward pharmaceutical care in Motta town, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mekdes Kiflu, Sintayehu Simie Tsega, Tilaye Arega Moges, Helen Abebaw Alem, Melese Getachew","doi":"10.1177/20503121241267239","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20503121241267239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although pharmaceutical care provision is the primary goal of the pharmacy profession, its actual implementation has been lacking in developing nations. Therefore, this study investigated pharmacy professional's understanding, attitudes, and practice toward pharmaceutical care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from 30 July 2022 to 30 August 2022, at all community and hospital pharmacies in Motta town, Northwest Ethiopia. Data were gathered using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. A logistic regression model with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval was applied to identify factors associated with understanding, attitude, and practice.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The study had a 97.7% response rate. Of the 130 participants, 71 (54.6%) were females. Slightly more than half (56.2%) of the participants were aware of the aim (56.2%) of pharmaceutical care and responsibilities (56.9%) of pharmacy professionals in the pharmaceutical care process. However, most participants lack awareness of the similarities and differences between clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care. Concerning their attitude, most participants (66.9%) believed that pharmaceutical care provision should be the primary responsibility of pharmacy professionals, and it will benefit patients (61.6%) and the healthcare system (60.8%). Pharmacy professionals frequently evaluate their patients and identify health or drug therapy-related problems and potentially available therapeutic alternatives. However, they rarely engaged in any health screening activities or provided feedback to the doctor on the patient's progress. Training status, sex, and years of practice/understanding were significantly related to pharmacy professionals' level of understanding, attitudes, and practice toward pharmaceutical care, as both years of practice and understanding are related to practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed a deficit in pharmacy professionals' understanding, attitude, and practice toward pharmaceutical care in Motta town, Northwest Ethiopia. Policymakers, health authorities, and educational institutions should work together to develop strategies and instructional initiatives that optimize pharmaceutical care provision and thus achieve optimal patient outcomes and lower healthcare costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21398,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A refined ICD-10 diagnoses-based approach for retrospective analysis of potential palliative care need and coverage in claims data of deceased. 基于 ICD-10 诊断的改进方法,用于回顾性分析死者理赔数据中潜在的姑息关怀需求和覆盖范围。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-13 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241269599
Ekaterina Slotina, Bianka Ditscheid, Franziska Meissner, Ursula Marschall, Ulrich Wedding, Antje Freytag

Objectives: ICD-10-based approaches often provide the basis for retrospective estimation of potential palliative care need. Applying the ICD-10-based Murtagh et al. classification from 2014 (Murtagh classification), developed using mortality data, to administrative claims data leads to inconsistencies in estimating palliative care need. The aim of the study was to refine the classification for palliative care need estimation in deceased individuals with cancer and non-cancer diagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective population-based study comparing Murtagh classification to a new ICD-10-based classification (revised by expert opinion) was conducted using outpatient and inpatient claims data, including billing codes for palliative care. Palliative care need was estimated for diagnoses groups and was contrasted with palliative care utilization rates in the last year of life. Our dataset included records of 417,405 individuals who deceased in 2016-2019.

Results: Out of individuals deceased in 2019 (n = 117,436), 81.4% had at least one diagnosis from the new classification, while 97.0% had at least one diagnosis from the Murtagh classification. Classification revision thus identified fewer individuals as potentially in need of palliative care. Among individuals with cancer, 70.7% (vs. 55.7% via Murtagh classification) received palliative care. In non-cancer subgroups, the utilization rate was considerably lower, with a maximum of 36.7% (vs. 33.7% via Murtagh classification) in 2019. Similar results were observed for the other years.

Conclusion: Compared to the ICD10-based Murtagh classification, the revised ICD-10-based classification enables more realistic estimations if the cause of death is unavailable and reveals higher rates of palliative care coverage and differences especially in cancer versus non-cancer diseases. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00024133).

目的:基于ICD-10的方法通常是对潜在姑息关怀需求进行回顾性估算的基础。将基于 ICD-10 的 Murtagh 等人 2014 年的分类法(Murtagh 分类法)应用于行政报销数据,会导致姑息关怀需求估算的不一致性。本研究旨在完善该分类,以估算已故癌症和非癌症患者的姑息关怀需求:一项基于人群的回顾性研究利用门诊和住院病人的报销数据,包括姑息关怀的计费代码,比较了 Murtagh 分类法和基于 ICD-10 的新分类法(根据专家意见修订)。对各诊断组的姑息关怀需求进行了估算,并与生命最后一年的姑息关怀使用率进行了对比。我们的数据集包括2016-2019年死亡的417405人的记录:在2019年去世的患者中(n = 117,436),81.4%的患者至少有一项诊断来自新分类,而97.0%的患者至少有一项诊断来自穆塔格分类。因此,分类修订后发现可能需要姑息关怀的人数减少了。在癌症患者中,70.7%的人接受了姑息治疗(与穆塔格分类中的 55.7%相比)。在非癌症亚组中,使用率要低得多,2019 年的最高使用率为 36.7%(根据 Murtagh 分类法为 33.7%)。其他年份也观察到类似的结果:与基于 ICD10 的 Murtagh 分类法相比,基于 ICD-10 的修订版分类法在无法获得死因的情况下能够进行更真实的估算,并揭示出更高的姑息治疗覆盖率,特别是在癌症与非癌症疾病中的差异。德国临床试验登记(DRKS00024133)。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of combination skin substitutes and skin grafts versus skin grafts only for treating wounds measured by Vancouver Scar Scale: A comprehensive meta-analysis. 在治疗以温哥华疤痕量表测量的伤口方面,比较皮肤替代品和植皮的组合与仅植皮的组合:综合荟萃分析。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241266342
Indri Lakhsmi Putri, Florencia Christina Sindhu, Imaniar Fitri Aisyah, Rachmaniar Pramanasari, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu

Background: Skin is the largest organ in the body and has multiple significant functions. A malformation or injury that compromises its integrity can lead to major issues or even mortality. Wound healing is a vital physiological process of the human skin which facilitates the repair of any damage and the preservation of homeostasis. Possible complications or infections that are fatal may ensue if the patient does not recover within the specified time. Therefore, it is essential to develop biomaterials which facilitate tissue regeneration and exhibit robust biological properties. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare combinations of skin replacements and skin grafts to skin grafts alone for wound treatment, as measured by the Vancouver Scar Scale.

Methods: This meta-analysis utilized various databases, including as PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and ClinicalTrials.gov, to conduct a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials that compared the effectiveness of combined skin substitutes and skin grafts to skin grafts alone in the treatment of wounds. The results primarily consisted of scar features assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale.

Results: Meta-analysis was conducted on a sample of 216 participants from 7 randomized controlled trials. The trials were conducted from 2002 to 2015. The study demonstrated that the use of skin substitutes resulted in a statistically significant improvement in Vancouver Scar Scales ratings compared to skin grafts alone. The mean change was 1.38 (95% CI: 0.13-2.63; p = 0.03).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that the use of skin replacements provides substantial advantages and effectively aids in the closure of wounds. There is no inherent superiority among different skin substitutes. Instead, their suitability for specific patient wound circumstances is the determining factor. A comprehensive and advantageous skin substitute of significant magnitude is needed, rather than relying solely on grafts.

背景:皮肤是人体最大的器官,具有多种重要功能。畸形或损伤损害其完整性可导致重大问题甚至死亡。伤口愈合是人体皮肤的一个重要生理过程,有助于修复任何损伤并保持平衡。如果患者不能在规定时间内恢复,可能会出现致命的并发症或感染。因此,开发有助于组织再生并具有强大生物特性的生物材料至关重要。我们对随机对照试验进行了一项荟萃分析,以温哥华疤痕量表为衡量标准,比较皮肤替代物和皮肤移植的组合与单独使用皮肤移植治疗伤口的效果:这项荟萃分析利用了各种数据库,包括 PubMed、ProQuest、Web of Science、Science Direct、Scopus、EBSCOhost 和 ClinicalTrials.gov,对比较皮肤替代物和植皮联合治疗伤口的效果与单独植皮治疗伤口的效果的随机对照试验进行了全面搜索。结果主要包括使用温哥华疤痕量表评估的疤痕特征:对 7 项随机对照试验的 216 名参与者样本进行了 Meta 分析。这些试验的时间跨度为 2002 年至 2015 年。研究表明,与单纯植皮相比,使用皮肤替代品能显著改善温哥华疤痕量表的评分。平均变化为 1.38(95% CI:0.13-2.63;P = 0.03):这项荟萃分析表明,使用皮肤替代物具有很大的优势,能有效帮助伤口闭合。不同的皮肤替代物之间并不存在固有的优劣之分。相反,它们是否适合患者伤口的具体情况才是决定性因素。我们需要一种综合性的、优势显著的皮肤替代品,而不是仅仅依赖于移植物。
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引用次数: 0
Eclampsia or epilepsy? The intriguing experiences of pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia and eclampsia: A descriptive exploratory study. 子痫还是癫痫?被诊断为子痫前期和子痫的孕妇的有趣经历:一项描述性探索研究。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241271768
Dorothy Serwaa Boakye, Vida Maame Kissiwaa Amoah, Christian Amoah, Agartha Afful Boateng, Charles Owusu Aduomi-Botchwey, Florence Bamfo, Jennifer Boampong

Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of pregnant women who suffer the stressful effects of preeclampsia and eclampsia through pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum.

Methods: A descriptive exploratory approach was adopted to gather in-depth data from women diagnosed with preeclampsia and eclampsia during pregnancy from February to March 2022. Purposive sampling was used to enlist 12 participants from a Municipal Hospital in the Ahafo region of Ghana. Data were analyzed thematically following Braun and Clark approach.

Results: The study found that women had strong negative emotional reactions after being diagnosed with preeclampsia or eclampsia. They frequently felt guilty, angry, scared, in denial, or disbelief about their condition. Many women held mistaken beliefs about the diseases (they misconstrued eclampsia to be epilepsy) and isolated themselves, mainly because of false perceptions and stigma around their illness in the community. Participants expressed unfulfilled needs for informational and emotional support. The information they received about their condition was insufficient, contradictory, and confusing. Some women also felt pressured into having cesarean deliveries without enough discussion or say in the decision-making process.

Conclusion: These findings reveal important psychosocial impacts of preeclampsia/eclampsia and gaps in condition-specific education and empathetic, patient-centered communication. Improving provider knowledge and counseling skills along with community awareness may help address these unmet needs among Ghanaian women facing this threat to maternal health.

目的:本研究的目的是探讨那些遭受子痫前期和子痫压力影响的孕妇在怀孕、分娩和产后的经历:采用描述性探索方法,从 2022 年 2 月至 3 月期间被诊断为子痫前期和子痫的孕期妇女中收集深度数据。在加纳阿哈福地区的一家市立医院中,采用有目的的抽样调查方法招募了 12 名参与者。研究采用布劳恩和克拉克方法对数据进行了专题分析:研究发现,妇女在被诊断为子痫前期或子痫后会产生强烈的负面情绪反应。她们经常感到内疚、愤怒、恐惧、否认或不相信自己的病情。许多妇女对这些疾病持有错误的观念(她们将子痫误认为是癫痫),并将自己孤立起来,这主要是由于社区对她们的疾病持有错误的观念和偏见。参与者对信息和情感支持的需求没有得到满足。她们获得的有关其病情的信息不足、相互矛盾且令人困惑。一些妇女还感到被迫进行剖宫产,但在决策过程中没有充分的讨论和发言权:这些发现揭示了子痫前期/子痫对社会心理的重要影响,以及在针对具体病情的教育和以患者为中心的移情沟通方面存在的差距。提高医疗服务提供者的知识和咨询技能以及社区意识可能有助于解决加纳妇女在面临这一孕产妇健康威胁时尚未得到满足的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in three tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. 尼日利亚三家三级医院慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者肝纤维化的非侵入性评估。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241264313
Oguntoye Oluwatosin Oluwagbenga, Abdulkareem Lukman Olaitan, Umoru Benedict Ihiovi, Osasona Oluwadamilola Gideon, Ifeorah Ijeoma Maryjoy, Ariyo Olumuyiwa Elijah, Jegede Oluwatosin Samson, Oguntoye Oluwafunmilayo Adenike

Objective: This study aimed to assess hepatic fibrosis, using noninvasive tests, among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria.

Methods: The study was a retrospective cross-sectional, hospital-based, multicentered study. The data of adult Nigerians who were aged 18 years and above who had been diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B infection and were not on treatment were extracted from three tertiary health institutions across Nigeria. Sociodemographic and relevant clinical data were obtained from the case notes of the patients. Fibrosis-4 and aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index scores were calculated to determine the presence and severity of liver fibrosis in the patients. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 25.0). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: The data of a total of 234 patients were extracted for this study from across 3 tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. There were 132 (56.4%) males and 102 (43.6%) females in a ratio of 1.29:1 with a mean age of 37.92 ± 12.34 years. The fibrosis-4 score of the patients showed that 62.8% had "Normal/Mild Fibrosis," 25.6% had "Moderate Fibrosis," and 11.5% had "Severe Fibrosis/Cirrhosis." The aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index score of the patients showed that 64.1% had "No Fibrosis," 20.9% had "Mild Fibrosis," 6.4% had "Moderate Fibrosis," and 8.5% had "Severe Fibrosis/Cirrhosis." The median fibrosis-4 score of the patients was 1.18 (0.77-1.74), while the median aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index score was 0.40 (0.26-0.69). Liver ultrasonography detected cirrhosis in 8.5% of the patients. All the patients were not yet on treatment for hepatitis B infection.

Conclusion: The prevalence of hepatic fibrosis is high among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria and a large number of these patients were not yet on therapy. Noninvasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis should be considered as a critical part of the work-up of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.

目的:本研究旨在通过无创检测评估尼日利亚慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者的肝纤维化情况:本研究旨在利用无创检测评估尼日利亚慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者的肝纤维化情况:本研究是一项以医院为基础的多中心回顾性横断面研究。研究人员从尼日利亚的三家三级医疗机构中提取了 18 岁及以上被诊断为慢性乙型肝炎感染且未接受治疗的尼日利亚成年人的数据。社会人口学和相关临床数据来自患者的病例记录。通过计算纤维化-4 和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶血小板比率指数得分,确定患者是否存在肝纤维化及其严重程度。获得的数据使用社会科学统计软件包(25.0 版)进行分析。P值小于0.05为具有统计学意义:本研究从尼日利亚 3 家三级医院共提取了 234 名患者的数据。其中男性 132 人(56.4%),女性 102 人(43.6%),男女比例为 1.29:1,平均年龄为 37.92 ± 12.34 岁。患者的纤维化-4评分显示,62.8%为 "正常/轻度纤维化",25.6%为 "中度纤维化",11.5%为 "重度纤维化/肝硬化"。患者的天冬氨酸氨基转移酶血小板比率指数得分显示,64.1%的患者 "无纤维化",20.9%的患者 "轻度纤维化",6.4%的患者 "中度纤维化",8.5%的患者 "重度纤维化/肝硬化"。患者的纤维化-4 评分中位数为 1.18(0.77-1.74),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶血小板比率指数评分中位数为 0.40(0.26-0.69)。8.5%的患者通过肝脏超声波检查发现肝硬化。所有患者均未接受过乙型肝炎感染治疗:结论:尼日利亚慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者的肝纤维化发病率很高,其中很多患者尚未接受治疗。肝纤维化的无创评估应被视为慢性乙型肝炎感染患者检查的重要组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution of waterborne diseases: A case study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 水传播疾病的演变:巴基斯坦开伯尔巴图克瓦省案例研究。
IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-07-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241263032
Muhammad Atif, Gohar Ayub, Fazal Shakoor, Muhammad Farooq, Muhammad Iqbal, Qamruz Zaman, Muhammad Ilyas

Objectives: In Pakistan, the degradation of drinking water quality is exacerbated by the increasing population size and rapid industrialization. Contaminated water serves as the predominant source of numerous diseases, including diarrhea, gastroenteritis, and typhoid. This article explores the evolution of waterborne diseases across 21 districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan by monitoring changes in the clustering solutions.

Methods: The data employed in this study were sourced from 21 districts of KP by the Director-General Health Services. Cluster analysis was utilized to uncover patterns in waterborne disease incidence, while principal component analysis was employed to reveal underlying patterns and reduce dimensionality. Additionally, the MONItoring Clusters (MONIC) framework was applied for change detection, facilitating the identification of significant shifts in disease patterns over time and aiding in the understanding of temporal dynamics.

Results: Our analysis indicates that two clusters survived consistently over time, while other clusters exhibited inconsistency. Profiling of the surviving clusters (C12 → C24 → C32 → C43) suggests a gradual increase in cases of bloody diarrhea in the Swat Valley, Hangu, Karak, and Lakki Marwat regions. Similarly, profiling of the surviving clusters (⊙→ C22 → C34 → C44) suggests an increase in the acute watery diarrhea (non-cholera) and typhoid fever in the regions of Peshawar, Nowshera, and Swabi.

Conclusion: The findings of this study hold significant importance as they pinpoint the most vulnerable regions for various waterborne diseases. These insights offer valuable guidance to policymakers and health officials, empowering them to implement effective measures for controlling waterborne diseases in the respective regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

目标:在巴基斯坦,由于人口增加和工业化进程加快,饮用水水质恶化的问题日益严重。受污染的水是包括腹泻、肠胃炎和伤寒在内的多种疾病的主要病源。本文通过监测聚类解决方案的变化,探讨了巴基斯坦开伯尔巴图克瓦省 21 个地区水传播疾病的演变情况:本研究采用的数据来自开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省 21 个县的卫生局局长。聚类分析用于揭示水传播疾病发病率的模式,主成分分析用于揭示潜在模式并降低维度。此外,还采用了 MONItoring Clusters(MONIC)框架来检测变化,从而有助于识别疾病模式随时间的显著变化,并帮助了解时间动态:结果:我们的分析表明,有两个群组随着时间的推移持续存在,而其他群组则表现出不一致性。对幸存群组(C12 → C24 → C32 → C43)的分析表明,斯瓦特河谷、汉古、卡拉克和拉克基马瓦特地区的血性腹泻病例逐渐增多。同样,对存活群组(⊙→C22→C34→C44)的特征分析表明,白沙瓦、诺谢拉和斯瓦比地区的急性水样腹泻(非霍乱)和伤寒病例有所增加:这项研究的结果具有重要意义,因为它们指出了最易感染各种水传播疾病的地区。这些见解为政策制定者和卫生官员提供了宝贵的指导,使他们有能力在巴基斯坦开伯尔巴图克瓦省的各个地区采取有效措施控制水传播疾病。
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引用次数: 0
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SAGE Open Medicine
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