Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-pba-14482
Z. Sadeeva, I. Novikova, Anna V. Lazareva, N. M. Alyabyeva, O. Karaseva, Olga G. Yanushkina, Marina G. Verschinina, A. Fisenko
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most significant and life-threatening pathogen of nosocomial infections. This opportunistic microorganism can cause infections of the bloodstream, respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, inflammation of meninges of the brain and spinal cord, leading to elevated hospital mortality. The purpose of our study was a retrospective analysis of molecular genetic characteristics of K. pneumoniae isolated from blood and liquor samples as well as to describe clinical features in bacteremia and CNS infections. According to the results of assessed clinical data, K. pneumoniae isolates were selected from 64 children suffered from surgical pathology (congenital heart defects — 30%, abdominal pathology — 39%, severe combined trauma — 12%) and somatic diseases accompanied by antibacterial and/or glucocorticosteroid therapy — 14%. The minimum suppressive concentrations of antibiotics were determined by the broth micro-dilution method. Carbapenemases were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Virulence genes and capsule serotypes K1/K2 were assessed by multiplex PCR. Biofilms were grown using flat-bottomed polystyrene plates, followed by coloring, fixation, elution and data detection. The population diversity was assessed by multilocus sequence typing. Bacteremia and CNS infections associated with K. pneumoniae were fatal in 25% of cases. A substantial portion of the isolates demonstrated the phenotype of extremely drug resistance (XDR) — 43%, the phenotype of multidrug resistance (MDR) was shown in 16% of the isolates. The blaCTX-M cephalosporinase gene was found in 85% of the strains. The main determinant of resistance to carbapenems was the blaOXA-48 gene (33%); the blaNDM gene was detected in 9% of strains. The combination of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM was found in 7% of isolates. The study of biofilm production showed that moderate ability to form biofilms was shown in 61%, strong — 21%, and weak — 15% isolates. Two isolates (3%) did not form biofilms. The virulence genes entB and mrkD were detected in 100% of isolates, ybtS — in 78%. The iutA gene was found in 18% of the strains. Two isolates showed the presence of the kfu gene. Seven isolates belonged to the K2 serotype. 27 different genotypes were found in K. pneumoniae isolates examined. The most common were: ST307 — 21%, ST395 — 12%, ST48 — 7%, ST39 — 6% and ST29 — 6%. Infections of the bloodstream and central nervous system associated with K. pneumoniae have great importance in clinical practice. This microorganism is able to long persist on biotic and abiotic surfaces, has a wide natural and acquired resistance to antibiotics.
{"title":"Pediatric bacteremia and CNS infections associated with klebsiella pneumoniae: molecular genetic characteristics and clinical features","authors":"Z. Sadeeva, I. Novikova, Anna V. Lazareva, N. M. Alyabyeva, O. Karaseva, Olga G. Yanushkina, Marina G. Verschinina, A. Fisenko","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-pba-14482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-pba-14482","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most significant and life-threatening pathogen of nosocomial infections. This opportunistic microorganism can cause infections of the bloodstream, respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, inflammation of meninges of the brain and spinal cord, leading to elevated hospital mortality. The purpose of our study was a retrospective analysis of molecular genetic characteristics of K. pneumoniae isolated from blood and liquor samples as well as to describe clinical features in bacteremia and CNS infections. According to the results of assessed clinical data, K. pneumoniae isolates were selected from 64 children suffered from surgical pathology (congenital heart defects — 30%, abdominal pathology — 39%, severe combined trauma — 12%) and somatic diseases accompanied by antibacterial and/or glucocorticosteroid therapy — 14%. The minimum suppressive concentrations of antibiotics were determined by the broth micro-dilution method. Carbapenemases were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Virulence genes and capsule serotypes K1/K2 were assessed by multiplex PCR. Biofilms were grown using flat-bottomed polystyrene plates, followed by coloring, fixation, elution and data detection. The population diversity was assessed by multilocus sequence typing. Bacteremia and CNS infections associated with K. pneumoniae were fatal in 25% of cases. A substantial portion of the isolates demonstrated the phenotype of extremely drug resistance (XDR) — 43%, the phenotype of multidrug resistance (MDR) was shown in 16% of the isolates. The blaCTX-M cephalosporinase gene was found in 85% of the strains. The main determinant of resistance to carbapenems was the blaOXA-48 gene (33%); the blaNDM gene was detected in 9% of strains. The combination of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM was found in 7% of isolates. The study of biofilm production showed that moderate ability to form biofilms was shown in 61%, strong — 21%, and weak — 15% isolates. Two isolates (3%) did not form biofilms. The virulence genes entB and mrkD were detected in 100% of isolates, ybtS — in 78%. The iutA gene was found in 18% of the strains. Two isolates showed the presence of the kfu gene. Seven isolates belonged to the K2 serotype. 27 different genotypes were found in K. pneumoniae isolates examined. The most common were: ST307 — 21%, ST395 — 12%, ST48 — 7%, ST39 — 6% and ST29 — 6%. Infections of the bloodstream and central nervous system associated with K. pneumoniae have great importance in clinical practice. This microorganism is able to long persist on biotic and abiotic surfaces, has a wide natural and acquired resistance to antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139870485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-pba-14482
Z. Sadeeva, I. Novikova, Anna V. Lazareva, N. M. Alyabyeva, O. Karaseva, Olga G. Yanushkina, Marina G. Verschinina, A. Fisenko
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most significant and life-threatening pathogen of nosocomial infections. This opportunistic microorganism can cause infections of the bloodstream, respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, inflammation of meninges of the brain and spinal cord, leading to elevated hospital mortality. The purpose of our study was a retrospective analysis of molecular genetic characteristics of K. pneumoniae isolated from blood and liquor samples as well as to describe clinical features in bacteremia and CNS infections. According to the results of assessed clinical data, K. pneumoniae isolates were selected from 64 children suffered from surgical pathology (congenital heart defects — 30%, abdominal pathology — 39%, severe combined trauma — 12%) and somatic diseases accompanied by antibacterial and/or glucocorticosteroid therapy — 14%. The minimum suppressive concentrations of antibiotics were determined by the broth micro-dilution method. Carbapenemases were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Virulence genes and capsule serotypes K1/K2 were assessed by multiplex PCR. Biofilms were grown using flat-bottomed polystyrene plates, followed by coloring, fixation, elution and data detection. The population diversity was assessed by multilocus sequence typing. Bacteremia and CNS infections associated with K. pneumoniae were fatal in 25% of cases. A substantial portion of the isolates demonstrated the phenotype of extremely drug resistance (XDR) — 43%, the phenotype of multidrug resistance (MDR) was shown in 16% of the isolates. The blaCTX-M cephalosporinase gene was found in 85% of the strains. The main determinant of resistance to carbapenems was the blaOXA-48 gene (33%); the blaNDM gene was detected in 9% of strains. The combination of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM was found in 7% of isolates. The study of biofilm production showed that moderate ability to form biofilms was shown in 61%, strong — 21%, and weak — 15% isolates. Two isolates (3%) did not form biofilms. The virulence genes entB and mrkD were detected in 100% of isolates, ybtS — in 78%. The iutA gene was found in 18% of the strains. Two isolates showed the presence of the kfu gene. Seven isolates belonged to the K2 serotype. 27 different genotypes were found in K. pneumoniae isolates examined. The most common were: ST307 — 21%, ST395 — 12%, ST48 — 7%, ST39 — 6% and ST29 — 6%. Infections of the bloodstream and central nervous system associated with K. pneumoniae have great importance in clinical practice. This microorganism is able to long persist on biotic and abiotic surfaces, has a wide natural and acquired resistance to antibiotics.
{"title":"Pediatric bacteremia and CNS infections associated with klebsiella pneumoniae: molecular genetic characteristics and clinical features","authors":"Z. Sadeeva, I. Novikova, Anna V. Lazareva, N. M. Alyabyeva, O. Karaseva, Olga G. Yanushkina, Marina G. Verschinina, A. Fisenko","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-pba-14482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-pba-14482","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most significant and life-threatening pathogen of nosocomial infections. This opportunistic microorganism can cause infections of the bloodstream, respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues, inflammation of meninges of the brain and spinal cord, leading to elevated hospital mortality. The purpose of our study was a retrospective analysis of molecular genetic characteristics of K. pneumoniae isolated from blood and liquor samples as well as to describe clinical features in bacteremia and CNS infections. According to the results of assessed clinical data, K. pneumoniae isolates were selected from 64 children suffered from surgical pathology (congenital heart defects — 30%, abdominal pathology — 39%, severe combined trauma — 12%) and somatic diseases accompanied by antibacterial and/or glucocorticosteroid therapy — 14%. The minimum suppressive concentrations of antibiotics were determined by the broth micro-dilution method. Carbapenemases were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Virulence genes and capsule serotypes K1/K2 were assessed by multiplex PCR. Biofilms were grown using flat-bottomed polystyrene plates, followed by coloring, fixation, elution and data detection. The population diversity was assessed by multilocus sequence typing. Bacteremia and CNS infections associated with K. pneumoniae were fatal in 25% of cases. A substantial portion of the isolates demonstrated the phenotype of extremely drug resistance (XDR) — 43%, the phenotype of multidrug resistance (MDR) was shown in 16% of the isolates. The blaCTX-M cephalosporinase gene was found in 85% of the strains. The main determinant of resistance to carbapenems was the blaOXA-48 gene (33%); the blaNDM gene was detected in 9% of strains. The combination of blaOXA-48 and blaNDM was found in 7% of isolates. The study of biofilm production showed that moderate ability to form biofilms was shown in 61%, strong — 21%, and weak — 15% isolates. Two isolates (3%) did not form biofilms. The virulence genes entB and mrkD were detected in 100% of isolates, ybtS — in 78%. The iutA gene was found in 18% of the strains. Two isolates showed the presence of the kfu gene. Seven isolates belonged to the K2 serotype. 27 different genotypes were found in K. pneumoniae isolates examined. The most common were: ST307 — 21%, ST395 — 12%, ST48 — 7%, ST39 — 6% and ST29 — 6%. Infections of the bloodstream and central nervous system associated with K. pneumoniae have great importance in clinical practice. This microorganism is able to long persist on biotic and abiotic surfaces, has a wide natural and acquired resistance to antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"81 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139810278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-fob-17538
E. Ilyinskikh, O. V. Voronkova, R. Hasanova, K. Samoylov, A. V. Semenova, I. Esimova, E. Motlokhova, O. Yampolskaya, A. Yampolskaya
Introduction. Features of cytokine production in mononuclear cell cultures from Lyme borreliosis patients based on clinical data remained poorly studied. The study aim was to estimate the patterns of baseline and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine-secretory activity of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from patients with erythema migrans form of acute Lyme borreliosis based on clinical parameters. Materials and methods. Groups of 22 and 12 patients with the diagnoses of mild or moderate severity of monoinfection and co-infection with tick-borne encephalitis of Lyme borreliosis with erythema migrans were examined twice: on week 1 after disease onset and day 14. The control group included 17 healthy donors. Basal and lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα secretion levels were assessed in mononuclear leukocyte culture supernatants applying enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results. The group of moderate severity patients was clinically distinguished by severer fever and intoxication manifestations. At the disease onset, the basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the moderate severity patient cultures were significantly higher than in those of the other groups. After antibiotics treatment, the baseline TNFα and IL-10 levels tended to decrease. At the onset, lipopolysaccharide-induced cultures from the moderate severity patients showed significantly suppressed TNFα production and increased IL-10 secretion as compared to the other groups. Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 secretion in the moderate vs. mild severity group supernatants was significantly lower. In dynamics, the induced TNFα levels in the moderate severity patients were increased to the magnitude exceeding that in the controls. Positive correlations between the IL-6 and TNFα basal levels and maximum body temperature or the C-reactive protein serum concentrations were revealed in the patients. Induced TNFα levels showed negative correlations with fever levels or with IL-10 secretion. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the mononuclear cell cultures of acute Lyme borreliosis patients increased with the increasing disease severity. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNFα production in the moderate severity patient cultures was presumably associated with the regulatory cytokine IL-10 effects.
{"title":"Features of baseline and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion in mononuclear leukocyte cultures from patients with the erythema migrans form of acute lyme borreliosis based on clinical parameters","authors":"E. Ilyinskikh, O. V. Voronkova, R. Hasanova, K. Samoylov, A. V. Semenova, I. Esimova, E. Motlokhova, O. Yampolskaya, A. Yampolskaya","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-fob-17538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-fob-17538","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Features of cytokine production in mononuclear cell cultures from Lyme borreliosis patients based on clinical data remained poorly studied. The study aim was to estimate the patterns of baseline and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine-secretory activity of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from patients with erythema migrans form of acute Lyme borreliosis based on clinical parameters. Materials and methods. Groups of 22 and 12 patients with the diagnoses of mild or moderate severity of monoinfection and co-infection with tick-borne encephalitis of Lyme borreliosis with erythema migrans were examined twice: on week 1 after disease onset and day 14. The control group included 17 healthy donors. Basal and lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα secretion levels were assessed in mononuclear leukocyte culture supernatants applying enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results. The group of moderate severity patients was clinically distinguished by severer fever and intoxication manifestations. At the disease onset, the basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the moderate severity patient cultures were significantly higher than in those of the other groups. After antibiotics treatment, the baseline TNFα and IL-10 levels tended to decrease. At the onset, lipopolysaccharide-induced cultures from the moderate severity patients showed significantly suppressed TNFα production and increased IL-10 secretion as compared to the other groups. Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 secretion in the moderate vs. mild severity group supernatants was significantly lower. In dynamics, the induced TNFα levels in the moderate severity patients were increased to the magnitude exceeding that in the controls. Positive correlations between the IL-6 and TNFα basal levels and maximum body temperature or the C-reactive protein serum concentrations were revealed in the patients. Induced TNFα levels showed negative correlations with fever levels or with IL-10 secretion. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the mononuclear cell cultures of acute Lyme borreliosis patients increased with the increasing disease severity. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNFα production in the moderate severity patient cultures was presumably associated with the regulatory cytokine IL-10 effects.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139810284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-fob-17538
E. Ilyinskikh, O. V. Voronkova, R. Hasanova, K. Samoylov, A. V. Semenova, I. Esimova, E. Motlokhova, O. Yampolskaya, A. Yampolskaya
Introduction. Features of cytokine production in mononuclear cell cultures from Lyme borreliosis patients based on clinical data remained poorly studied. The study aim was to estimate the patterns of baseline and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine-secretory activity of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from patients with erythema migrans form of acute Lyme borreliosis based on clinical parameters. Materials and methods. Groups of 22 and 12 patients with the diagnoses of mild or moderate severity of monoinfection and co-infection with tick-borne encephalitis of Lyme borreliosis with erythema migrans were examined twice: on week 1 after disease onset and day 14. The control group included 17 healthy donors. Basal and lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα secretion levels were assessed in mononuclear leukocyte culture supernatants applying enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results. The group of moderate severity patients was clinically distinguished by severer fever and intoxication manifestations. At the disease onset, the basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the moderate severity patient cultures were significantly higher than in those of the other groups. After antibiotics treatment, the baseline TNFα and IL-10 levels tended to decrease. At the onset, lipopolysaccharide-induced cultures from the moderate severity patients showed significantly suppressed TNFα production and increased IL-10 secretion as compared to the other groups. Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 secretion in the moderate vs. mild severity group supernatants was significantly lower. In dynamics, the induced TNFα levels in the moderate severity patients were increased to the magnitude exceeding that in the controls. Positive correlations between the IL-6 and TNFα basal levels and maximum body temperature or the C-reactive protein serum concentrations were revealed in the patients. Induced TNFα levels showed negative correlations with fever levels or with IL-10 secretion. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the mononuclear cell cultures of acute Lyme borreliosis patients increased with the increasing disease severity. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNFα production in the moderate severity patient cultures was presumably associated with the regulatory cytokine IL-10 effects.
{"title":"Features of baseline and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion in mononuclear leukocyte cultures from patients with the erythema migrans form of acute lyme borreliosis based on clinical parameters","authors":"E. Ilyinskikh, O. V. Voronkova, R. Hasanova, K. Samoylov, A. V. Semenova, I. Esimova, E. Motlokhova, O. Yampolskaya, A. Yampolskaya","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-fob-17538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-fob-17538","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Features of cytokine production in mononuclear cell cultures from Lyme borreliosis patients based on clinical data remained poorly studied. The study aim was to estimate the patterns of baseline and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine-secretory activity of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from patients with erythema migrans form of acute Lyme borreliosis based on clinical parameters. Materials and methods. Groups of 22 and 12 patients with the diagnoses of mild or moderate severity of monoinfection and co-infection with tick-borne encephalitis of Lyme borreliosis with erythema migrans were examined twice: on week 1 after disease onset and day 14. The control group included 17 healthy donors. Basal and lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα secretion levels were assessed in mononuclear leukocyte culture supernatants applying enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results. The group of moderate severity patients was clinically distinguished by severer fever and intoxication manifestations. At the disease onset, the basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the moderate severity patient cultures were significantly higher than in those of the other groups. After antibiotics treatment, the baseline TNFα and IL-10 levels tended to decrease. At the onset, lipopolysaccharide-induced cultures from the moderate severity patients showed significantly suppressed TNFα production and increased IL-10 secretion as compared to the other groups. Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 secretion in the moderate vs. mild severity group supernatants was significantly lower. In dynamics, the induced TNFα levels in the moderate severity patients were increased to the magnitude exceeding that in the controls. Positive correlations between the IL-6 and TNFα basal levels and maximum body temperature or the C-reactive protein serum concentrations were revealed in the patients. Induced TNFα levels showed negative correlations with fever levels or with IL-10 secretion. Conclusions. It was demonstrated that basal TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 secretion levels in the mononuclear cell cultures of acute Lyme borreliosis patients increased with the increasing disease severity. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNFα production in the moderate severity patient cultures was presumably associated with the regulatory cytokine IL-10 effects.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"33 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139870248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-maf-17541
O. N. Kolotova, L. V. Kataeva, A. A. Vakarina, T. F. Stepanova, K. B. Stepanova
Introduction. Bacterial coinfection and secondary bacterial infection are considered critical risk factors for the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2-caused pneumonia. The aim of the study was to analyze a pattern of microbial associations between K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii isolated from the lower respiratory tract discharge and sectional material (lung tissue) of patients diagnosed with pneumonia, and to compare resistance level in monoculture and associations during new coronavirus infection pandemic. Materials and methods. A bacteriological study of 2689 sputum and bronchial washing samples from patients at infectious diseases hospitals, and 1411 lung pathological material samples was carried out. Bacterial isolates were identified by mass spectrometry. Antibiotic sensitivity for isolates was determined by the disk diffusion method. Genetic determinants of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics were detected by PCR. Statistical data processing was performed using SPSS version 22 software. Results. K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii isolates were predominantly found in two- and three-pathogen associations. It was established that the resistance level of K. pneumoniae isolates in association with A. baumannii is significantly higher compared to that in monoculture for all antimicrobial drugs studied. At the same time, K. pneumoniae in combination with Candida spp. vs monoculture showed significantly lower level of resistance to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. K. pneumoniae isolates carried resistance determinants to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: OXA-48 — (22.5%), OXA-51 — (5.6%), OXA-23 — (4.2%), KPC — 70.9%, NDM — 7%. Of these, 14.1% of strains had the ability to co-produce serine carbapenemases OXA-48 and KPC. Sputum and lung tissue A. baumannii isolates exhibited extremely high multiple resistance regardless of their associations with other microorganisms. Microbiome species similarity in the lower respiratory tract and lung tissue discharge was revealed. The proportion of lung tissue vs sputum resistant strains of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii was significantly higher. Conclusion. The detection of of multiple drug resistant K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii isolates as well as their associations may indicate aggravated pneumonia severity.
{"title":"Microbial associations for pneumonia causative agents and level of their resistance to antimicrobial drugs during a new coronavirus infection pandemic","authors":"O. N. Kolotova, L. V. Kataeva, A. A. Vakarina, T. F. Stepanova, K. B. Stepanova","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-maf-17541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-maf-17541","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Bacterial coinfection and secondary bacterial infection are considered critical risk factors for the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2-caused pneumonia. The aim of the study was to analyze a pattern of microbial associations between K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii isolated from the lower respiratory tract discharge and sectional material (lung tissue) of patients diagnosed with pneumonia, and to compare resistance level in monoculture and associations during new coronavirus infection pandemic. Materials and methods. A bacteriological study of 2689 sputum and bronchial washing samples from patients at infectious diseases hospitals, and 1411 lung pathological material samples was carried out. Bacterial isolates were identified by mass spectrometry. Antibiotic sensitivity for isolates was determined by the disk diffusion method. Genetic determinants of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics were detected by PCR. Statistical data processing was performed using SPSS version 22 software. Results. K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii isolates were predominantly found in two- and three-pathogen associations. It was established that the resistance level of K. pneumoniae isolates in association with A. baumannii is significantly higher compared to that in monoculture for all antimicrobial drugs studied. At the same time, K. pneumoniae in combination with Candida spp. vs monoculture showed significantly lower level of resistance to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. K. pneumoniae isolates carried resistance determinants to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: OXA-48 — (22.5%), OXA-51 — (5.6%), OXA-23 — (4.2%), KPC — 70.9%, NDM — 7%. Of these, 14.1% of strains had the ability to co-produce serine carbapenemases OXA-48 and KPC. Sputum and lung tissue A. baumannii isolates exhibited extremely high multiple resistance regardless of their associations with other microorganisms. Microbiome species similarity in the lower respiratory tract and lung tissue discharge was revealed. The proportion of lung tissue vs sputum resistant strains of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii was significantly higher. Conclusion. The detection of of multiple drug resistant K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii isolates as well as their associations may indicate aggravated pneumonia severity.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-eoc-10360
M. V. Rozhkova, V. I. Sergevnin, K. V. Ovchinnikov, Elena Zhernoldovna Kuzovnikova
Abstract. The data on etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remain contradictory, which is often assessed only according to bacteriological studies coming to a conclusion about the low frequency of major main pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniaе isolation. At the same time, there are very few observations of parallel examination of patients with CAP simultaneously by bacteriological and molecular genetic methods. There are no observations on the etiology of CAP in the long-term dynamics. The aim of the work is to analyze the etiology of CAP in children and adults based on 2015-2022 bacteriological and molecular genetic studies. The etiology of pneumonia was assessed using the data on posterior pharyngeal wall washes from 418 children and 483 adults hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of CAP at two large Perm medical organizations in 2015-2022. The samples were examined by the bacteriological method and polymerase chain reaction using commercial test systems with the amplifier "CFX96" "Bio-Rad", USA. The results showed that Streptococcus pneumoniaе, despite implementing decreed vaccinations against pneumococcal infection, it remains the leading causative agent of CAP in both children and adults. The 2015-2022 frequency of pneumococcal discharge according to bacteriological studies was 9.7 per 100 examined, according to molecular genetic studies - 48.5 per 100 examined among children and adults in the study area. According to 2021-2022 vs. 2015-2017 bacteriological studies, the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus excretion among children increased significantly, and Streptococcus pneumoniaе increased among adults. According to the results of molecular genetic studies among children and adults, no significant changes in the etiology of CAP were found. In 2021-2022, SARS-CoV-2-positive vs. SARS-CoV-2-negative patients with CAP infected had higher rate of isolated Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella rheimopiae and Hemophilus influenzae, i.e., those pathogens whose number increased in the long-term follow-up observations.
摘要 关于社区获得性肺炎（CAP）病因的数据仍然相互矛盾，通常仅根据细菌学研究得出主要病原体肺炎链球菌分离频率低的结论。同时，通过细菌学和分子遗传学方法同时对 CAP 患者进行检查的情况也很少见。目前还没有关于 CAP 病因的长期动态观察结果。这项工作的目的是根据 2015-2022 年细菌学和分子遗传学研究分析儿童和成人 CAP 的病因。利用 2015-2022 年在两家大型彼尔姆医疗机构住院并初诊为 CAP 的 418 名儿童和 483 名成人的咽后壁洗液数据，对肺炎的病原学进行了评估。样本通过细菌学方法和聚合酶链反应进行检测，使用的是带有放大器 "CFX96 "的商用检测系统，"Bio-Rad"，美国。结果表明，尽管实施了预防肺炎球菌感染的疫苗接种法令，但肺炎链球菌仍然是儿童和成人 CAP 的主要致病菌。根据细菌学研究，2015-2022 年肺炎球菌出院频率为每 100 名受检者中 9.7 例，而根据分子遗传学研究，在研究地区的儿童和成人中，每 100 名受检者中 48.5 例。根据 2021-2022 年与 2015-2017 年的细菌学研究，儿童中金黄色葡萄球菌排泄物的频率显著增加，成人中肺炎链球菌е增加。根据对儿童和成人的分子遗传学研究结果，未发现 CAP 的病因有明显变化。2021-2022 年，SARS-CoV-2 阳性与 SARS-CoV-2 阴性 CAP 感染者相比，金黄色葡萄球菌、克雷伯氏菌和流感嗜血杆菌的分离率较高，即在长期随访观察中数量增加的病原体。
{"title":"ETIOLOGY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS BASED ON 2015-2022 BACTERIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDIES","authors":"M. V. Rozhkova, V. I. Sergevnin, K. V. Ovchinnikov, Elena Zhernoldovna Kuzovnikova","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-eoc-10360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-eoc-10360","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The data on etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remain contradictory, which is often assessed only according to bacteriological studies coming to a conclusion about the low frequency of major main pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniaе isolation. At the same time, there are very few observations of parallel examination of patients with CAP simultaneously by bacteriological and molecular genetic methods. There are no observations on the etiology of CAP in the long-term dynamics. The aim of the work is to analyze the etiology of CAP in children and adults based on 2015-2022 bacteriological and molecular genetic studies. The etiology of pneumonia was assessed using the data on posterior pharyngeal wall washes from 418 children and 483 adults hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of CAP at two large Perm medical organizations in 2015-2022. The samples were examined by the bacteriological method and polymerase chain reaction using commercial test systems with the amplifier \"CFX96\" \"Bio-Rad\", USA. The results showed that Streptococcus pneumoniaе, despite implementing decreed vaccinations against pneumococcal infection, it remains the leading causative agent of CAP in both children and adults. The 2015-2022 frequency of pneumococcal discharge according to bacteriological studies was 9.7 per 100 examined, according to molecular genetic studies - 48.5 per 100 examined among children and adults in the study area. According to 2021-2022 vs. 2015-2017 bacteriological studies, the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus excretion among children increased significantly, and Streptococcus pneumoniaе increased among adults. According to the results of molecular genetic studies among children and adults, no significant changes in the etiology of CAP were found. In 2021-2022, SARS-CoV-2-positive vs. SARS-CoV-2-negative patients with CAP infected had higher rate of isolated Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella rheimopiae and Hemophilus influenzae, i.e., those pathogens whose number increased in the long-term follow-up observations.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-fct-15641
Irina V. Kiseleva, T. Musaeva
The official history of the discovery of human coronaviruses dates back to 1965, when the first coronavirus B814, which has now been lost, was isolated on the organ culture of the trachea of a human embryo from the nasal swabs of a patient with acute respiratory disease. However, this date can only be an intermediate stage on its the long evolutionary path. Paleovirological studies have shown that coronaviruses could have appeared as early as the Stone Age - in the Upper Paleolithic era, and East Asia is called their place of origin a region that is well known to virologists as the source of many highly pathogenic influenza viruses and new coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. This makes us take a different look at the seeming innocence of seasonal coronaviruses that circulated before 2002, when a human pathogenic virus appeared that caused SARS. This also fits well into the assumption about the coronavirus nature of the 1889 Russian flu pandemic. Today, four seasonal coronaviruses and three new, pathogenic for humans are known. Two seasonal coronaviruses (229E and NL63) belong to the genus Alphacoronavirus, 2 others (OC43 and HKU1) and three new coronaviruses (SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2) belong to the genus Betacoronavirus. In this review, we have focused on the extreme points seasonal coronaviruses and pandemic SARS-CoV-2. We tried to draw an analogy between them and identify the main features that distinguish them. From the point of view of epidemiology and clinic, they have in common only the airborne transmission route, characteristic of all respiratory viruses, and the ubiquitous distribution, the nature and intensity of which were not significantly affected by the influenza epidemics/pandemics. Seasonal coronaviruses continued to circulate even during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the majority of the other respiratory viruses had largely disappeared. Significant differences between seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 can be traced in the symptoms, severity and pathogenesis of the diseases they cause. At the structural level, they have a lot in common. These are taxonomic proximity, morphology, structure, physicochemical properties of virions, organization of the genome, the main stages of virus replication, etc. What made SARS-CoV-2 such aggressive? The few differences in the size of viral particles and viral genome that have been identified to date, the use or not of hemagglutinin esterase to penetrate the virus into a sensitive cell, attachment to different cell receptors cannot explain the significant difference in the severity of the infection caused by seasonal or pandemic coronavirus. Most likely, they are based on delicate molecular mechanisms that have yet to be discovered.
{"title":"FROM CORONAVIRUSES TO CORONAVIRUSES","authors":"Irina V. Kiseleva, T. Musaeva","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-fct-15641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-fct-15641","url":null,"abstract":"The official history of the discovery of human coronaviruses dates back to 1965, when the first coronavirus B814, which has now been lost, was isolated on the organ culture of the trachea of a human embryo from the nasal swabs of a patient with acute respiratory disease. However, this date can only be an intermediate stage on its the long evolutionary path. Paleovirological studies have shown that coronaviruses could have appeared as early as the Stone Age - in the Upper Paleolithic era, and East Asia is called their place of origin a region that is well known to virologists as the source of many highly pathogenic influenza viruses and new coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. This makes us take a different look at the seeming innocence of seasonal coronaviruses that circulated before 2002, when a human pathogenic virus appeared that caused SARS. This also fits well into the assumption about the coronavirus nature of the 1889 Russian flu pandemic. Today, four seasonal coronaviruses and three new, pathogenic for humans are known. Two seasonal coronaviruses (229E and NL63) belong to the genus Alphacoronavirus, 2 others (OC43 and HKU1) and three new coronaviruses (SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2) belong to the genus Betacoronavirus. In this review, we have focused on the extreme points seasonal coronaviruses and pandemic SARS-CoV-2. We tried to draw an analogy between them and identify the main features that distinguish them. From the point of view of epidemiology and clinic, they have in common only the airborne transmission route, characteristic of all respiratory viruses, and the ubiquitous distribution, the nature and intensity of which were not significantly affected by the influenza epidemics/pandemics. Seasonal coronaviruses continued to circulate even during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the majority of the other respiratory viruses had largely disappeared. Significant differences between seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 can be traced in the symptoms, severity and pathogenesis of the diseases they cause. At the structural level, they have a lot in common. These are taxonomic proximity, morphology, structure, physicochemical properties of virions, organization of the genome, the main stages of virus replication, etc. What made SARS-CoV-2 such aggressive? The few differences in the size of viral particles and viral genome that have been identified to date, the use or not of hemagglutinin esterase to penetrate the virus into a sensitive cell, attachment to different cell receptors cannot explain the significant difference in the severity of the infection caused by seasonal or pandemic coronavirus. Most likely, they are based on delicate molecular mechanisms that have yet to be discovered.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-sef-15628
Vera Dabanovic
Abstract Introduction: In Montenegro, vaccination against COVID infection began with the use of Gam-COVID-Vac, which was not approved for emergency use before the end of clinical trials, by the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the adverse effects. Methods: For the purpose of this study, we collected data from national adverse events reporting form for Gam-COVID Vac were obtained from the Health Institution Pharmacy of Montenegro - Montefarm, as the holder of permits for these vaccines. Results: For the period March 1, 2021 to February 13, 2022, after administration of 16,756 doses of vaccine Gam - COVID, a total of 220 case reports, or 716 adverse effects. The mean age of vaccinated individuals who reported adverse effects was 40.79 11.35. Totally 79,55% of females versus 20,45% of males reported side effects after vaccination. The most common adverse reaction was raised temperature [79.55%]. Other very common adverse effects were: injection site pain [38.18%], headache [33.18%], myalgia [32.27%], malaise [31.82%], fever [30.45%], arthralgia [22.73%] and swelling and redness at the site of application [15.91%]. Less common adverse effects were nausea, pain in extremity, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, sore throat and herpes simplex. Serious adverse effects were recorded in 8 cases including tinnitus, thrombophlebitis, hypotension, chest pain, palpitations and peripheral cyanosis. Conclusions: After the administration of Gam - Covid vaccine, the population in Montenegro experienced mild to moderate adverse effects, with rare serious adverse effects of a transient nature, as indicated by the statistic that there were no hospitalizations or deaths.
{"title":"SIDE EFFECTS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF THE GAM-COVID-VAC IN MONTENEGRO","authors":"Vera Dabanovic","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-sef-15628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-sef-15628","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: In Montenegro, vaccination against COVID infection began with the use of Gam-COVID-Vac, which was not approved for emergency use before the end of clinical trials, by the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the adverse effects. Methods: For the purpose of this study, we collected data from national adverse events reporting form for Gam-COVID Vac were obtained from the Health Institution Pharmacy of Montenegro - Montefarm, as the holder of permits for these vaccines. Results: For the period March 1, 2021 to February 13, 2022, after administration of 16,756 doses of vaccine Gam - COVID, a total of 220 case reports, or 716 adverse effects. The mean age of vaccinated individuals who reported adverse effects was 40.79 11.35. Totally 79,55% of females versus 20,45% of males reported side effects after vaccination. The most common adverse reaction was raised temperature [79.55%]. Other very common adverse effects were: injection site pain [38.18%], headache [33.18%], myalgia [32.27%], malaise [31.82%], fever [30.45%], arthralgia [22.73%] and swelling and redness at the site of application [15.91%]. Less common adverse effects were nausea, pain in extremity, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, sore throat and herpes simplex. Serious adverse effects were recorded in 8 cases including tinnitus, thrombophlebitis, hypotension, chest pain, palpitations and peripheral cyanosis. Conclusions: After the administration of Gam - Covid vaccine, the population in Montenegro experienced mild to moderate adverse effects, with rare serious adverse effects of a transient nature, as indicated by the statistic that there were no hospitalizations or deaths.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"296 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-dos-15081
E. I. Krivosheina, M. Kartashov, N. Ushkalenko, K. A. Svirin, I. Nourdine, S. Boumbaly, V. Ternovoy
Abstract. Introduction. Genus Flavivirus (family Flaviviridae) viruses profoundly contribute to the spread of arbovirus infections. In the territory of the Republic of Guinea, the circulation of flaviviruses such as yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV) and dengue fever virus (DENV) has been confirmed. The aim of the study was to determine the level of IgG antibodies specific to YFV, DENV and WNV in the indigenous population in various landscape and geographical zones of the Republic of Guinea. Materials and methods. For the study, a panel of 1559 human blood sera were compiled, which were collected in all landscape and geographical zones. The detection of IgG antibodies against DENV and WNV was carried out by commercial test systems, YFV by an experimental ELISA test system based on an analog of the third domain of protein E. Results. While testing 1559 blood serum samples, 28.48% (95% CI: 26.3-30.7) of cases were found to have IgG antibodies against YFV, DENV in 11,8%, (95% CI: 10,3-13,5) and WNV in 27% (95% CI: 24,8-29,3). simultaneously, antibodies against the three viruses (YFV, DENV and WNV) were detected in 30 cases, YFV and DENV in 14, YFV and WNV in 44, DENV and WNV in 56 cases. Conclusions. The detection of antibodies to WNV and DENV confirms the continued circulation of these pathogens in the territory of the Republic of Guinea, which poses a risk to the health of the indigenous population. The level of IgG class antibodies against YFV is insufficient for formation of yellow fever herd immunity, because. according to the WHO, it should reach at least 80% of the total indigenous population.
{"title":"DETECTION OF CLASS IgG ANTIBODIES SPECIFIC TO SOME FLAVIVIRUSES IN THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA","authors":"E. I. Krivosheina, M. Kartashov, N. Ushkalenko, K. A. Svirin, I. Nourdine, S. Boumbaly, V. Ternovoy","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-dos-15081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-dos-15081","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. Genus Flavivirus (family Flaviviridae) viruses profoundly contribute to the spread of arbovirus infections. In the territory of the Republic of Guinea, the circulation of flaviviruses such as yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV) and dengue fever virus (DENV) has been confirmed. The aim of the study was to determine the level of IgG antibodies specific to YFV, DENV and WNV in the indigenous population in various landscape and geographical zones of the Republic of Guinea. Materials and methods. For the study, a panel of 1559 human blood sera were compiled, which were collected in all landscape and geographical zones. The detection of IgG antibodies against DENV and WNV was carried out by commercial test systems, YFV by an experimental ELISA test system based on an analog of the third domain of protein E. Results. While testing 1559 blood serum samples, 28.48% (95% CI: 26.3-30.7) of cases were found to have IgG antibodies against YFV, DENV in 11,8%, (95% CI: 10,3-13,5) and WNV in 27% (95% CI: 24,8-29,3). simultaneously, antibodies against the three viruses (YFV, DENV and WNV) were detected in 30 cases, YFV and DENV in 14, YFV and WNV in 44, DENV and WNV in 56 cases. Conclusions. The detection of antibodies to WNV and DENV confirms the continued circulation of these pathogens in the territory of the Republic of Guinea, which poses a risk to the health of the indigenous population. The level of IgG class antibodies against YFV is insufficient for formation of yellow fever herd immunity, because. according to the WHO, it should reach at least 80% of the total indigenous population.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"75 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-tes-12118
I. A. Karmokov, Ekaterina G. Riabiko, O. V. Blinova, Elena N. Kolosovskaya, Nikolay K. Tokarevich
Abstract The study objective was to reveal 2002-2021 trends in tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme disease (LD) epidemic processes in the North-Western Federal District of the Russian Federation (NWFD). In NWFD during the analyzed period more than 1.1 million patients sought medical help due to tick bites (14% of all cases registered nation-wide), and the long-term average tick bite incidence rate in NWFD exceeded the nation-wide range (409.5 and 280.7, respectively). In NWFD the highest long-term average tick bite incidence rates were recorded in Vologda Oblast, Pskov Oblast and Novgorod Oblast. The tick bite incidence rate tended to grow in NWFD, as well as nation-wide. The rise of tick bite incidence rate was statistically significant in the Komi Republic, Kaliningrad Oblast and Arkhangelsk Oblast. In 2002-2021 more than 6 thousand of TBE cases were registered in NWFD (11% of all cases registered nation-wide), and the long-term average incidence rate of TBE in NWFD exceeded that nation-wide (2.3 and 2.0, respectively). The Republic of Karelia, Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast were three NWFD subjects with high TBE epidemical hazards. The TBE incidence rate in the analyzed period tended to decrease both in NWFD and nation-wide. A statistically significant decrease in TBE incidence rate was revealed in St. Petersburg, the Republic of Karelia, Novgorod Oblast and Leningrad Oblast. About 22 thousand of LD cases were reported in NWFD during the period analyzed (15% of all LD cases in the Russian Federation), and the long-term average incidence rate of LD in NWFD exceeded that for nation-wide level (7.9 and 4.9, respectively). Vologda Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast and Pskov Oblast were the three NWFD subjects with high epidemical hazards in terms of LD incidence rate, which tended to decrease both in NWFD and nation-wide. The decrease in LD incidence rate was statistically significant in Vologda, Kaliningrad, Novgorod, Leningrad and Pskov Oblasts, as well as in St. Petersburg. In Vologda Oblast, Arkhangelsk Oblast, as well as the Komi Republic there were long-range undulations of TBE and LD incidence rates over the period analyzed. In the Komi Republic, in contrast to other NWFD subjects and nation-wide data there was an uptrend in incidence rates of both TBE and LD.
{"title":"THE 2002-2021 EPIDEMIC SITUATION FOR TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS AND LYME DISEASE IN THE NORTH-WESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION","authors":"I. A. Karmokov, Ekaterina G. Riabiko, O. V. Blinova, Elena N. Kolosovskaya, Nikolay K. Tokarevich","doi":"10.15789/2220-7619-tes-12118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-tes-12118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study objective was to reveal 2002-2021 trends in tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme disease (LD) epidemic processes in the North-Western Federal District of the Russian Federation (NWFD). In NWFD during the analyzed period more than 1.1 million patients sought medical help due to tick bites (14% of all cases registered nation-wide), and the long-term average tick bite incidence rate in NWFD exceeded the nation-wide range (409.5 and 280.7, respectively). In NWFD the highest long-term average tick bite incidence rates were recorded in Vologda Oblast, Pskov Oblast and Novgorod Oblast. The tick bite incidence rate tended to grow in NWFD, as well as nation-wide. The rise of tick bite incidence rate was statistically significant in the Komi Republic, Kaliningrad Oblast and Arkhangelsk Oblast. In 2002-2021 more than 6 thousand of TBE cases were registered in NWFD (11% of all cases registered nation-wide), and the long-term average incidence rate of TBE in NWFD exceeded that nation-wide (2.3 and 2.0, respectively). The Republic of Karelia, Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast were three NWFD subjects with high TBE epidemical hazards. The TBE incidence rate in the analyzed period tended to decrease both in NWFD and nation-wide. A statistically significant decrease in TBE incidence rate was revealed in St. Petersburg, the Republic of Karelia, Novgorod Oblast and Leningrad Oblast. About 22 thousand of LD cases were reported in NWFD during the period analyzed (15% of all LD cases in the Russian Federation), and the long-term average incidence rate of LD in NWFD exceeded that for nation-wide level (7.9 and 4.9, respectively). Vologda Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast and Pskov Oblast were the three NWFD subjects with high epidemical hazards in terms of LD incidence rate, which tended to decrease both in NWFD and nation-wide. The decrease in LD incidence rate was statistically significant in Vologda, Kaliningrad, Novgorod, Leningrad and Pskov Oblasts, as well as in St. Petersburg. In Vologda Oblast, Arkhangelsk Oblast, as well as the Komi Republic there were long-range undulations of TBE and LD incidence rates over the period analyzed. In the Komi Republic, in contrast to other NWFD subjects and nation-wide data there was an uptrend in incidence rates of both TBE and LD.","PeriodicalId":21412,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139281794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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