Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-119-124
E. A. Latypova, A. S. Zagidullina, T. Mukhamadeev, M. A. Gizatullina, A. G. Yamlikhanov, G. F. Khairullina
The outcomes and complications of the coronavirus infection are of interest to specialists in many fields of medicine, including ophthalmologists.Purpose: to analyze the clinical features of ophthalmic complications in patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19.Materials and methods. Four patients aged 37 to 70 years with ophthalmic inflammatory complications with coronavirus infection were examined and treated.Results. In 2 cases, eye damage was observed in the acute phase of COVID infection. It included deep keratitis, iridocyclitis, and exacerbation of rhinosinusitis complicated by osteomyelitis, orbital phlegmon with loss of vision. In the remaining 2 cases, in the post-COVID period (2 and 5 months after the disease, respectively), acute dacryoadenitis with the dry eye syndrome and subacute episcleritis was observed. In addition to anti-COVID therapy, all patients underwent specific ophthalmic therapy, which in 1 case included surgical intervention.Conclusion. The cases presented demonstrate eye damage against the background of coronavirus infection with the involvement of various eye structures into the inflammatory process. The ophthalmological manifestations were severe, with complications in the acute phase of COVID and in the early post-COVID period. Clinical observations indicate the need for additional specific therapy of coronavirus infection complications, along with the basic anti-COVID treatment.
{"title":"Ophthalmological complications of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Clinical cases","authors":"E. A. Latypova, A. S. Zagidullina, T. Mukhamadeev, M. A. Gizatullina, A. G. Yamlikhanov, G. F. Khairullina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-119-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-119-124","url":null,"abstract":"The outcomes and complications of the coronavirus infection are of interest to specialists in many fields of medicine, including ophthalmologists.Purpose: to analyze the clinical features of ophthalmic complications in patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19.Materials and methods. Four patients aged 37 to 70 years with ophthalmic inflammatory complications with coronavirus infection were examined and treated.Results. In 2 cases, eye damage was observed in the acute phase of COVID infection. It included deep keratitis, iridocyclitis, and exacerbation of rhinosinusitis complicated by osteomyelitis, orbital phlegmon with loss of vision. In the remaining 2 cases, in the post-COVID period (2 and 5 months after the disease, respectively), acute dacryoadenitis with the dry eye syndrome and subacute episcleritis was observed. In addition to anti-COVID therapy, all patients underwent specific ophthalmic therapy, which in 1 case included surgical intervention.Conclusion. The cases presented demonstrate eye damage against the background of coronavirus infection with the involvement of various eye structures into the inflammatory process. The ophthalmological manifestations were severe, with complications in the acute phase of COVID and in the early post-COVID period. Clinical observations indicate the need for additional specific therapy of coronavirus infection complications, along with the basic anti-COVID treatment.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"120 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-149-155
R. Fayzrakhmanov, M. M. Shishkin, V. S. Klev, O. L. Sekhina, E. E. Vaganova, D. M. Mamadaliev
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the leading causes of primary vision disability, while the majority of RRD patients with RRD are people of active working age. Over the past 50 years, retinal detachment surgery has been progressing rapidly, the rate of success increasing up to 90% or higher. However, the reduction of reoperation risks of reoperations, improvement of functional outcomes and increase of postoperative visual acuity remain topical issues. The main reason for repeated surgical interventions is the proliferative vitreoretinopathy progression, which can lead to epiretinal fibrosis, macular oedema, or retinal detachment recurrence. The review is focused on current literature studies that report the results of internal limiting membrane peeling in cases of RRD surgeries and other optional techniques aimed at reducing the risk of the above mentioned postoperative complications.
{"title":"Internal limiting membrane peeling in vitreoretinal surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: clinical results, surgical options, and future prospects","authors":"R. Fayzrakhmanov, M. M. Shishkin, V. S. Klev, O. L. Sekhina, E. E. Vaganova, D. M. Mamadaliev","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-149-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-149-155","url":null,"abstract":"Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the leading causes of primary vision disability, while the majority of RRD patients with RRD are people of active working age. Over the past 50 years, retinal detachment surgery has been progressing rapidly, the rate of success increasing up to 90% or higher. However, the reduction of reoperation risks of reoperations, improvement of functional outcomes and increase of postoperative visual acuity remain topical issues. The main reason for repeated surgical interventions is the proliferative vitreoretinopathy progression, which can lead to epiretinal fibrosis, macular oedema, or retinal detachment recurrence. The review is focused on current literature studies that report the results of internal limiting membrane peeling in cases of RRD surgeries and other optional techniques aimed at reducing the risk of the above mentioned postoperative complications.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"65 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-136-143
S. Petrov, L. V. Yakubova, O. I. Markelova
In nearly all Russian regions, glaucoma ranks first among the causes of disability due to ophthalmic pathology, which is in line with global trends of glaucoma incidence growth and its leading position among the causes of irreversible blindness. Treatment of glaucoma is aimed at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). This review presents the main current trends in the treatment of glaucoma: drug therapy, laser surgery, fistulizing, drainage and non-penetrating surgery, as well as the latest micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).Currently, the pharmaceutical market offers many antihypertensive drops. Fixed-dose combinations of drugs have been proposed to increase treatment adherence, and effective drug delivery methods are being developed, which lower IOP with minimal side effects. Further development of laser surgery makes it both a method of choice for the initial treatment (selective laser trabeculoplasty) and expands its capabilities for various stages of glaucoma (micropulse cyclophotocoagulation). All this significantly reduces the frequency of classical macroinvasive antiglaucoma operations. The previously existing gap between conservative medical therapy and antiglaucoma surgery is filled by the newest MIHG procedures. In recent years, at all stages of primary open-angle glaucoma therapy, the emergence of new pharmaceuticals, methods and implants has been noted. These constitute the purpose of this publication.
{"title":"Modern trends in the treatment of glaucoma","authors":"S. Petrov, L. V. Yakubova, O. I. Markelova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-136-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-136-143","url":null,"abstract":"In nearly all Russian regions, glaucoma ranks first among the causes of disability due to ophthalmic pathology, which is in line with global trends of glaucoma incidence growth and its leading position among the causes of irreversible blindness. Treatment of glaucoma is aimed at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). This review presents the main current trends in the treatment of glaucoma: drug therapy, laser surgery, fistulizing, drainage and non-penetrating surgery, as well as the latest micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).Currently, the pharmaceutical market offers many antihypertensive drops. Fixed-dose combinations of drugs have been proposed to increase treatment adherence, and effective drug delivery methods are being developed, which lower IOP with minimal side effects. Further development of laser surgery makes it both a method of choice for the initial treatment (selective laser trabeculoplasty) and expands its capabilities for various stages of glaucoma (micropulse cyclophotocoagulation). All this significantly reduces the frequency of classical macroinvasive antiglaucoma operations. The previously existing gap between conservative medical therapy and antiglaucoma surgery is filled by the newest MIHG procedures. In recent years, at all stages of primary open-angle glaucoma therapy, the emergence of new pharmaceuticals, methods and implants has been noted. These constitute the purpose of this publication.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"43 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-113-118
G. Israfilova, A. Babushkin, R. R. Khismatullin
We present a case of carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) in a 52-year-old female patient who was urgently referred for surgical treatment of a left-sided orbital phlegmon. On the 62nd day after a traumatic brain injury, the patient revealed a visual impairment of the left eye, which was noticeably red and showed a moderate protrusion. The patient’s left orbit was urgently opened and drained.She was undergoing an anti-inflammatory therapy and showed a positive dynamic of the disease, whilst on the 5th day after the procedure, the patient started feeling pain in the left eye and noise in the head. The data of ultrasound examination of the orbit and duplex scanning were largely consistent with a severe massive inflammatory infiltration of the retrobulbar tissue with hypervascularization (the orbital phlegmon could not be excluded). Only a selective computed tomography with angiography helped establish the final diagnosis: arteriovenous malformation in the projection of the supra-sphenoid section of the left internal carotid artery, with post-traumatic CCF on the left. After surgery (endovascular embolization of the CCF), a positive result was observed: with a positive result — no injection or pain in the left eye, exophthalmos gradually regressed. Yet the visual acuity of the left eye was 0.03 due to an atrophy of the optic nerve.Conclusion. The ophthalmologists must be on the alert in cases of unilateral exophthalmos with a history of blunt head trauma, since neuro-ophthalmic symptoms are crucial in clarifying the indications for a prompt implementation of the only surgical treatment effective for this pathology, i.e. endovascular embolization.
{"title":"A clinical case of carotid-cavernous fistula","authors":"G. Israfilova, A. Babushkin, R. R. Khismatullin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-113-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-113-118","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) in a 52-year-old female patient who was urgently referred for surgical treatment of a left-sided orbital phlegmon. On the 62nd day after a traumatic brain injury, the patient revealed a visual impairment of the left eye, which was noticeably red and showed a moderate protrusion. The patient’s left orbit was urgently opened and drained.She was undergoing an anti-inflammatory therapy and showed a positive dynamic of the disease, whilst on the 5th day after the procedure, the patient started feeling pain in the left eye and noise in the head. The data of ultrasound examination of the orbit and duplex scanning were largely consistent with a severe massive inflammatory infiltration of the retrobulbar tissue with hypervascularization (the orbital phlegmon could not be excluded). Only a selective computed tomography with angiography helped establish the final diagnosis: arteriovenous malformation in the projection of the supra-sphenoid section of the left internal carotid artery, with post-traumatic CCF on the left. After surgery (endovascular embolization of the CCF), a positive result was observed: with a positive result — no injection or pain in the left eye, exophthalmos gradually regressed. Yet the visual acuity of the left eye was 0.03 due to an atrophy of the optic nerve.Conclusion. The ophthalmologists must be on the alert in cases of unilateral exophthalmos with a history of blunt head trauma, since neuro-ophthalmic symptoms are crucial in clarifying the indications for a prompt implementation of the only surgical treatment effective for this pathology, i.e. endovascular embolization.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"122 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-125-129
S. Svetozarskiy, G. S. Igonin
Chorioretinal folds are a wave-like change of the form of the choroid and outer retinal layers resulting from changes in the surface area ratio of the sclera, the choroid, and the retina. The range of etiological factors for this condition includes eyeball hypotonia, posterior scleritis, intracranial hypertension, tumor and inflammatory diseases of the orbit. The pathogenesis of chorioretinal folds is determined by mechanical displacement or thickening of the vasculature, sclera thickening and changes in its contour, as well as edema of the optic nerve coats. We present a clinical case of a 45-year-old female patient with acute hyperopia and chorioretinal folds, focusing on the clinical and instrumental algorithm of differential diagnostics of the causes of this condition.
{"title":"Chorioretinal folds as a symptom of orbital neoplasia. A case report","authors":"S. Svetozarskiy, G. S. Igonin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-125-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-125-129","url":null,"abstract":"Chorioretinal folds are a wave-like change of the form of the choroid and outer retinal layers resulting from changes in the surface area ratio of the sclera, the choroid, and the retina. The range of etiological factors for this condition includes eyeball hypotonia, posterior scleritis, intracranial hypertension, tumor and inflammatory diseases of the orbit. The pathogenesis of chorioretinal folds is determined by mechanical displacement or thickening of the vasculature, sclera thickening and changes in its contour, as well as edema of the optic nerve coats. We present a clinical case of a 45-year-old female patient with acute hyperopia and chorioretinal folds, focusing on the clinical and instrumental algorithm of differential diagnostics of the causes of this condition.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"122 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-130-135
T. N. Kiseleva, A. V. Baeva, E. K. Eliseeva, K. V. Lugovkina
The review presents literature data about the anatomical structure, morphology and structural features of the optic nerve (ON). Four ON regions are detailed: intraocular, intraorbital, intracanalicular and intracranial. Specifically, the features of the intraocular region are outlined. It is divided into three zones: the surface nerve fiber layer, the prelaminar part and the lamina cribrosa of the sclera, which differ in histological structure and blood supply. The data on the coats of the intraorbital part include the details of the hard (dura mater), arachnoid and the soft (pia mater) coats. Other data represent the morphological structures of the intracanalicular and the intracranial parts of the ON. The distinctive features of blood supply in different ON regions are discussed.The information about the anatomical characteristics and structural features of the ON is important for studying the pathogenesis of the optic nerve´s damage.
{"title":"Anatomical characteristics and structural features of the optic nerve","authors":"T. N. Kiseleva, A. V. Baeva, E. K. Eliseeva, K. V. Lugovkina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-130-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-130-135","url":null,"abstract":"The review presents literature data about the anatomical structure, morphology and structural features of the optic nerve (ON). Four ON regions are detailed: intraocular, intraorbital, intracanalicular and intracranial. Specifically, the features of the intraocular region are outlined. It is divided into three zones: the surface nerve fiber layer, the prelaminar part and the lamina cribrosa of the sclera, which differ in histological structure and blood supply. The data on the coats of the intraorbital part include the details of the hard (dura mater), arachnoid and the soft (pia mater) coats. Other data represent the morphological structures of the intracanalicular and the intracranial parts of the ON. The distinctive features of blood supply in different ON regions are discussed.The information about the anatomical characteristics and structural features of the ON is important for studying the pathogenesis of the optic nerve´s damage.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"117 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-95-99
A. Babushkin, G. Israfilova, G. R. Saitova, R. I. Khikmatullin
During large-scale vaccination against coronavirus infection, studying possible side effects after the introduction of the vaccine is of great practical value. We present a rare clinical case of a complication of COVID-19 vaccine prophylaxis. A 40-year-old female patient was diagnosed with a bilateral adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis complicated by corneal erosion and iritis after a LASIK refractive intervention and a subsequent (after 5 days) immunoprophylaxis with the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine followed by a displacement of the corneal flap due to involuntary friction of the left eye. The corneal flap was urgently repositioned; its adhesion and stabilization were achieved usinga bandage soft contact lens. The timely local and systemic anti-inflammatory and antiviral therapy allowed achieving a successful visual result (1.0). Ophthalmologists need to remain vigilant about possible adverse effects after immunoprophylaxis on the part of the eye, specifically the conjunctiva and cornea. A timely diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications such as persistent corneal opacities that reduce visual acuity, especially in patients who have undergone refractive surgery aimed at achieving the highest possible vision. In our opinion, it is advisable to perform vaccination at least 1 month after the refractive surgery.
{"title":"Adenovirus keratoconjunctivitis after LASIK as a complication of COVID-19 vaccination: a clinical case","authors":"A. Babushkin, G. Israfilova, G. R. Saitova, R. I. Khikmatullin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-95-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-95-99","url":null,"abstract":"During large-scale vaccination against coronavirus infection, studying possible side effects after the introduction of the vaccine is of great practical value. We present a rare clinical case of a complication of COVID-19 vaccine prophylaxis. A 40-year-old female patient was diagnosed with a bilateral adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis complicated by corneal erosion and iritis after a LASIK refractive intervention and a subsequent (after 5 days) immunoprophylaxis with the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine followed by a displacement of the corneal flap due to involuntary friction of the left eye. The corneal flap was urgently repositioned; its adhesion and stabilization were achieved usinga bandage soft contact lens. The timely local and systemic anti-inflammatory and antiviral therapy allowed achieving a successful visual result (1.0). Ophthalmologists need to remain vigilant about possible adverse effects after immunoprophylaxis on the part of the eye, specifically the conjunctiva and cornea. A timely diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications such as persistent corneal opacities that reduce visual acuity, especially in patients who have undergone refractive surgery aimed at achieving the highest possible vision. In our opinion, it is advisable to perform vaccination at least 1 month after the refractive surgery.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":"8 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-47-54
S. Saakyan, I. V. Svirina, A. Y. Tsygankov, A. A. Zharov, N. S. Izmailova
Purpose. To analyze how the clinical and morphological features are associated with vital prognosis of iris melanoma patients.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis included 84 patients (54 women and 30 men) with iris melanoma treated between 2005 and 2019.The mean age at the time of treatment was 52.3 ± 14.5 years. All patients underwent standard and special ophthalmological examination, including ultrasound biomicroscopy, and followed up for 32 to 196 months (103.1 ± 44 months) after hospital discharge.Results. Pigmented tumors predominated (72.6% of patients), while others showed a slightly pigmented (15.4%) and nonpigmented forms (12.0%). Most of the patients (67.9%) received an organ preserving treatment, while others (32.1%) had to have a liquidating treatment (enucleation) due to anular tumor growth and secondary complications. Uveal melanoma was morphologically verified in all cases: spindle cell type A (14.3%), spindle cell type B (31.0%), mixed cell (42.8%), epithelioid cell (11.9%). The epithelioid cell type of tumor was more common when the tumor spread to the ciliary body rather than in iris melanoma (p = 0,046), but the spindle cell and mixed cell types were more common than the epithelioid cell type in both groups. An anular growth was typical for the epithelioid cell type of tumor (p = 0.006). The presence of vessels in tumor stroma was found to be more frequent in pigmented (p = 0.005) and non-pigmented forms (p = 0.0009). For pigmented tumors, spreading into the ciliary body was characteristic (p = 0.024).Conclusion. A retrospective analysis of clinical and morphological factors of iris melanoma patients with an iridociliary localization should that the specific survival was 98.8%, and overall survival was 87%. The data obtained indicated the importance of timely diagnosis of iris tumors for an organ preservation treatment.
目的分析虹膜黑色素瘤患者的临床和形态特征与重要预后的关系。回顾性分析纳入了2005年至2019年期间接受治疗的84例虹膜黑色素瘤患者（54例女性，30例男性），治疗时的平均年龄为（52.3±14.5）岁。所有患者均接受了标准和特殊眼科检查，包括超声生物显微镜检查，出院后随访32至196个月（103.1 ± 44个月）。色素性肿瘤占多数（72.6%），其他肿瘤有轻微色素性（15.4%）和非色素性（12.0%）。大多数患者（67.9%）接受了保留器官的治疗，而其他患者（32.1%）则因瘤体增大和继发并发症而不得不接受清扫治疗（去核）。所有病例的葡萄膜黑色素瘤都经过形态学验证：纺锤形细胞 A 型（14.3%）、纺锤形细胞 B 型（31.0%）、混合细胞（42.8%）、上皮样细胞（11.9%）。当肿瘤扩散到睫状体而非虹膜黑色素瘤时，上皮细胞型肿瘤更常见（p = 0,046），但在两组肿瘤中，纺锤细胞型和混合细胞型都比上皮细胞型更常见。上皮样细胞型肿瘤的典型特征是无节增生（p = 0.006）。在色素性肿瘤（p = 0.005）和非色素性肿瘤（p = 0.0009）中，肿瘤基质中出现血管的频率更高。色素性肿瘤的特征是向睫状体扩散（p = 0.024）。对虹膜睫状体定位的虹膜黑色素瘤患者的临床和形态学因素进行的回顾性分析表明，特异性生存率为98.8%，总生存率为87%。所获数据表明，及时诊断虹膜肿瘤对于保留器官治疗非常重要。
{"title":"Clinical and morphological features and the assessment of survival in patients with iris melanoma","authors":"S. Saakyan, I. V. Svirina, A. Y. Tsygankov, A. A. Zharov, N. S. Izmailova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-47-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-47-54","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To analyze how the clinical and morphological features are associated with vital prognosis of iris melanoma patients.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis included 84 patients (54 women and 30 men) with iris melanoma treated between 2005 and 2019.The mean age at the time of treatment was 52.3 ± 14.5 years. All patients underwent standard and special ophthalmological examination, including ultrasound biomicroscopy, and followed up for 32 to 196 months (103.1 ± 44 months) after hospital discharge.Results. Pigmented tumors predominated (72.6% of patients), while others showed a slightly pigmented (15.4%) and nonpigmented forms (12.0%). Most of the patients (67.9%) received an organ preserving treatment, while others (32.1%) had to have a liquidating treatment (enucleation) due to anular tumor growth and secondary complications. Uveal melanoma was morphologically verified in all cases: spindle cell type A (14.3%), spindle cell type B (31.0%), mixed cell (42.8%), epithelioid cell (11.9%). The epithelioid cell type of tumor was more common when the tumor spread to the ciliary body rather than in iris melanoma (p = 0,046), but the spindle cell and mixed cell types were more common than the epithelioid cell type in both groups. An anular growth was typical for the epithelioid cell type of tumor (p = 0.006). The presence of vessels in tumor stroma was found to be more frequent in pigmented (p = 0.005) and non-pigmented forms (p = 0.0009). For pigmented tumors, spreading into the ciliary body was characteristic (p = 0.024).Conclusion. A retrospective analysis of clinical and morphological factors of iris melanoma patients with an iridociliary localization should that the specific survival was 98.8%, and overall survival was 87%. The data obtained indicated the importance of timely diagnosis of iris tumors for an organ preservation treatment.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":" 1175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-106-112
E. Ioyleva, E. Kabanova, S. I. Belyanina
Optic disc drusen (ODD) is a bilateral anomaly of the optic nerve, in which hyaline calcified intercellular inclusions appear in the optic disc head area in front of the cribriform plate. As a rule, in the early stages, ODD patients have no complaints, central vision does not suffer, while perimetry data may show an expansion of the blind spot and narrowed visual field. As complications are developing and the optic nerve atrophy is progressing, visual acuity may decrease. The visual functions are deteriorating gradually. In the clinical case discussed, a patient with optic disc drusen was examined for a second time after a prolonged interval (27 years).The ophthalmoscopic picture and functional parameters obtained during this examination clearly confirmed the unfavorable course of optic disc drusen and the need for such patents to be regularly examined for changes in visual functions (visual field), the state of the retina and the optic nerve.
{"title":"Clinical and morpho-functional results of a second examination of a patient with optic nerve head drusen taken after a long-time interval (27 years)","authors":"E. Ioyleva, E. Kabanova, S. I. Belyanina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-106-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-106-112","url":null,"abstract":"Optic disc drusen (ODD) is a bilateral anomaly of the optic nerve, in which hyaline calcified intercellular inclusions appear in the optic disc head area in front of the cribriform plate. As a rule, in the early stages, ODD patients have no complaints, central vision does not suffer, while perimetry data may show an expansion of the blind spot and narrowed visual field. As complications are developing and the optic nerve atrophy is progressing, visual acuity may decrease. The visual functions are deteriorating gradually. In the clinical case discussed, a patient with optic disc drusen was examined for a second time after a prolonged interval (27 years).The ophthalmoscopic picture and functional parameters obtained during this examination clearly confirmed the unfavorable course of optic disc drusen and the need for such patents to be regularly examined for changes in visual functions (visual field), the state of the retina and the optic nerve.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-55-61
S. Sakhnov, S. Yanchenko, A. Malyshev, Sh. J. Teshaev, M. Y. Odilov, G. R. Odilova
Purpose: to evaluate the ocular surface changes (OSC) in seasonal and chronic allergic blepharoconjunctivitis (ABC) under dry eye (DE) conditions and to consider therapeutic possibilities.Materials and methods. 60 patients with seasonal ABC and mild DE syndrome (group 1) and 50 patients with chronic ABC and moderate DE syndrome (group 2) were tested for lipid deficiency (LD; negative lipid-interference test), aqua-deficiency (AD; inferior tear meniscus height < 250 fim), and mucose deficiency (Bijsterveld`s xerosis index > 3 scores; XI, scores), Ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear film break-up time (TBUT, seconds), meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) according to Korb, taking into account the proportion of MGD (%) and its severity (MGDS, scores), and the “lid-wiper” symptom (LWS, scores) Statistics: M ± s; Mann — Whitney U-test; differences were statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. LD was diagnosed in 65% of the 1st group patients (OSDI 32.3 ± 4.2, TBUT 6.5 ± 0.6, TMH 363.4 ± 43.96, XI 2.1 ± 0.4, MGDproportion — 41.02 %, LWS 1.1 ± 0.2). LD and MD were detected in 35 % of 1st group patients (OSDI 41.3 ± 5.7, TBUT 5.7 ± 0.5, TMH 332.9 ± 29.9, XI 4.2 ± 0.7, MGD proportion — 61.9 %, LWS 1.24 ± 0.4). The differences in OSDI, TBUT and XI values between DE patients with LD and DE patients with LD and MD were statistically significant. LD and AD were diagnosed in 48 % of 2nd group (OSDI 48.5 ± 6.4, TBUT 5.5 ± 0.6, TMH 192.3 ± 20.8, XI 2.5 ± 0.5, MGDS 1.8 ± 0.4, LWS 1.9 ± 0.3). LD, AD and MD were detected in 52 % of the 2nd group patients (OSDI 57.5 ± 5.8, TBUT 4.6 ± 0.6, TMH 177.7 ± 16.9, XI 5.5 ± 0.6, MGD-S 2.2 ± 0.4, LWS 2.3 ± 0.4). The differences in OSDI, TBUT and XI values between DE patients with LD-AD combination and DE patients with LD-AD-MD were statistically significant.Conclusion. OSC included lipid deficiency (65 %) and lipid-mucose deficiency (35 %) in S-ABC patients; OSC were represented by lipid-aqua-deficiency (48 %) and lipid-aqua-mucose-deficiency (52 %) in C-ABC patients. In our opinion, the diagnostics of these clinical variants of OSP diagnosis, opens up opportunities for differentiated tear replacement therapy. MGD was diagnosed in one half of S-ABC patients and in all C-ABC patients, which we believe determines another possible therapy direction — eyelid therapeutic hygiene aimed at MGD relieving and lipid deficiency compensation.
{"title":"Ocular surface changes in allergic blepharoconjunctivitis and dry eye syndrome: diagnosis and therapy possibilities","authors":"S. Sakhnov, S. Yanchenko, A. Malyshev, Sh. J. Teshaev, M. Y. Odilov, G. R. Odilova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-55-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2024-17-1-55-61","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to evaluate the ocular surface changes (OSC) in seasonal and chronic allergic blepharoconjunctivitis (ABC) under dry eye (DE) conditions and to consider therapeutic possibilities.Materials and methods. 60 patients with seasonal ABC and mild DE syndrome (group 1) and 50 patients with chronic ABC and moderate DE syndrome (group 2) were tested for lipid deficiency (LD; negative lipid-interference test), aqua-deficiency (AD; inferior tear meniscus height < 250 fim), and mucose deficiency (Bijsterveld`s xerosis index > 3 scores; XI, scores), Ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear film break-up time (TBUT, seconds), meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) according to Korb, taking into account the proportion of MGD (%) and its severity (MGDS, scores), and the “lid-wiper” symptom (LWS, scores) Statistics: M ± s; Mann — Whitney U-test; differences were statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. LD was diagnosed in 65% of the 1st group patients (OSDI 32.3 ± 4.2, TBUT 6.5 ± 0.6, TMH 363.4 ± 43.96, XI 2.1 ± 0.4, MGDproportion — 41.02 %, LWS 1.1 ± 0.2). LD and MD were detected in 35 % of 1st group patients (OSDI 41.3 ± 5.7, TBUT 5.7 ± 0.5, TMH 332.9 ± 29.9, XI 4.2 ± 0.7, MGD proportion — 61.9 %, LWS 1.24 ± 0.4). The differences in OSDI, TBUT and XI values between DE patients with LD and DE patients with LD and MD were statistically significant. LD and AD were diagnosed in 48 % of 2nd group (OSDI 48.5 ± 6.4, TBUT 5.5 ± 0.6, TMH 192.3 ± 20.8, XI 2.5 ± 0.5, MGDS 1.8 ± 0.4, LWS 1.9 ± 0.3). LD, AD and MD were detected in 52 % of the 2nd group patients (OSDI 57.5 ± 5.8, TBUT 4.6 ± 0.6, TMH 177.7 ± 16.9, XI 5.5 ± 0.6, MGD-S 2.2 ± 0.4, LWS 2.3 ± 0.4). The differences in OSDI, TBUT and XI values between DE patients with LD-AD combination and DE patients with LD-AD-MD were statistically significant.Conclusion. OSC included lipid deficiency (65 %) and lipid-mucose deficiency (35 %) in S-ABC patients; OSC were represented by lipid-aqua-deficiency (48 %) and lipid-aqua-mucose-deficiency (52 %) in C-ABC patients. In our opinion, the diagnostics of these clinical variants of OSP diagnosis, opens up opportunities for differentiated tear replacement therapy. MGD was diagnosed in one half of S-ABC patients and in all C-ABC patients, which we believe determines another possible therapy direction — eyelid therapeutic hygiene aimed at MGD relieving and lipid deficiency compensation.","PeriodicalId":21436,"journal":{"name":"Russian Ophthalmological Journal","volume":" 852","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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