Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1430589
K. Pyrzyńska, K. Kilian, Mateusz Pęgier
Scandium and its compounds are used in many modern industrial fields due to its unique chemical and physical properties. It is mainly recovered from residues and wastes in the production of other metals. The exploitation of the ores and wastes could contaminate water and soil creating environmental problems. This paper discusses recent developments and tendencies in scandium separation, purification and preconcentration from different wastes, residues, environmental samples as well as in the production of radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear medicine, both in the laboratory and on the industrial scale. The period reviewed here mainly includes publications that have appeared, since 2010.
{"title":"Separation and purification of scandium: From industry to medicine","authors":"K. Pyrzyńska, K. Kilian, Mateusz Pęgier","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2018.1430589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1430589","url":null,"abstract":"Scandium and its compounds are used in many modern industrial fields due to its unique chemical and physical properties. It is mainly recovered from residues and wastes in the production of other metals. The exploitation of the ores and wastes could contaminate water and soil creating environmental problems. This paper discusses recent developments and tendencies in scandium separation, purification and preconcentration from different wastes, residues, environmental samples as well as in the production of radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear medicine, both in the laboratory and on the industrial scale. The period reviewed here mainly includes publications that have appeared, since 2010.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87675969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1406860
M. Vakili, S. Deng, Lulu Shen, Danna Shan, Dengchao Liu, Gang Yu
Chitosan and its derivatives are effective for adsorbing dye molecules from aqueous solutions. However, their use can be limited by environmental concerns on their fate after adsorbent saturation. Desorbing dye molecules and regenerating adsorbents are alternatives to disposing spent adsorbent. In this review, most research topics related to regenerating chitosan-based adsorbents for dye removal are summarized and discussed. Numerous desorption agents, such as acids, alkalis, salts, and organic solvents, have been applied to regenerate chitosan-based adsorbents and recover the adsorbed dye molecules. In addition, the mechanism of desorbing dye molecules from these adsorbents is examined to provide information on selecting methods for recovering chitosan-based adsorbents.
{"title":"Regeneration of Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Eliminating Dyes from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"M. Vakili, S. Deng, Lulu Shen, Danna Shan, Dengchao Liu, Gang Yu","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2017.1406860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2017.1406860","url":null,"abstract":"Chitosan and its derivatives are effective for adsorbing dye molecules from aqueous solutions. However, their use can be limited by environmental concerns on their fate after adsorbent saturation. Desorbing dye molecules and regenerating adsorbents are alternatives to disposing spent adsorbent. In this review, most research topics related to regenerating chitosan-based adsorbents for dye removal are summarized and discussed. Numerous desorption agents, such as acids, alkalis, salts, and organic solvents, have been applied to regenerate chitosan-based adsorbents and recover the adsorbed dye molecules. In addition, the mechanism of desorbing dye molecules from these adsorbents is examined to provide information on selecting methods for recovering chitosan-based adsorbents.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86311001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1560331
Lili Zhang, Yanyan Jiang, Ning Li, Yiqiong Pu, Tong Zhang, B. Wang
Research on artemisinin and its derivatives (ARTDs) were initiated due to their outstanding anti-malarial effects. In the past few decades, considerable efforts have been made to extend the clinical applications of ARTDs. However, some ARTDs have a low aqueous solubility, short half-life in vivo and instability due to an endoperoxide bridge in their structures that also contributes to a poor bioavailability. The development of efficient quantitative analysis methods is needed for many branches of research, such as the chemical compound determination in plants, drug quality control and drug metabolism studies. The analysis methods used to detect ARTDs include spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and immunoassays. However, a systematic quantitative analysis of these compounds as the very first step in many studies has not been always conducted. Thus, this review presents a comprehensive overview of available analytical methods for in vivo and in vitro quantitation of ARTDs. It generalizes and compares the various methods focusing on sample preparation.
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Artemisinin Derivatives: Applications and Techniques","authors":"Lili Zhang, Yanyan Jiang, Ning Li, Yiqiong Pu, Tong Zhang, B. Wang","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2018.1560331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1560331","url":null,"abstract":"Research on artemisinin and its derivatives (ARTDs) were initiated due to their outstanding anti-malarial effects. In the past few decades, considerable efforts have been made to extend the clinical applications of ARTDs. However, some ARTDs have a low aqueous solubility, short half-life in vivo and instability due to an endoperoxide bridge in their structures that also contributes to a poor bioavailability. The development of efficient quantitative analysis methods is needed for many branches of research, such as the chemical compound determination in plants, drug quality control and drug metabolism studies. The analysis methods used to detect ARTDs include spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and immunoassays. However, a systematic quantitative analysis of these compounds as the very first step in many studies has not been always conducted. Thus, this review presents a comprehensive overview of available analytical methods for in vivo and in vitro quantitation of ARTDs. It generalizes and compares the various methods focusing on sample preparation.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81590481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1524386
E. Peris-García, N. Pankajkumar-Patel, M. Ruiz-Ángel, S. Carda‐Broch, M. C. García-Alvarez-Coque
Oil-in-water microemulsions (O/W MEs) are obtained spontaneously by mixing two immiscible liquids (water and oil) in the presence of a surfactant. A co-surfactant is also often needed for ME stabilization. The surfactant provides a microstructure with a definite boundary between oil and water phases. O/W MEs are used as mobile phases in a chromatographic mode known as microemulsion liquid chromatography (MELC). One of the main appeals of O/W MEs is the ability to solubilize compounds in a wide range of polarities, from polar to hydrophobic. The solubilizing effect on sample matrices is also noteworthy. The dual behavior of O/W MEs offers unique selectivity and reduced retention times, with equivalent or superior efficiency compared to conventional reversed-phase liquid chromatography, giving rise to successful isocratic separations. The complex nature of MELC mobile phases allows numerous composition options (type and concentration of surfactant, oil and co-surfactant) that lead to good separation performance, when compared to other chromatographic modes. A thorough revision of the main topics concerning MELC, such as nature and properties of O/W MEs, mechanism of retention, selectivity and diverse aspects related to the experimental practice for the determination of drugs in clinical and pharmaceutical samples, is presented.
{"title":"Oil-In-Water Microemulsion Liquid Chromatography","authors":"E. Peris-García, N. Pankajkumar-Patel, M. Ruiz-Ángel, S. Carda‐Broch, M. C. García-Alvarez-Coque","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2018.1524386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1524386","url":null,"abstract":"Oil-in-water microemulsions (O/W MEs) are obtained spontaneously by mixing two immiscible liquids (water and oil) in the presence of a surfactant. A co-surfactant is also often needed for ME stabilization. The surfactant provides a microstructure with a definite boundary between oil and water phases. O/W MEs are used as mobile phases in a chromatographic mode known as microemulsion liquid chromatography (MELC). One of the main appeals of O/W MEs is the ability to solubilize compounds in a wide range of polarities, from polar to hydrophobic. The solubilizing effect on sample matrices is also noteworthy. The dual behavior of O/W MEs offers unique selectivity and reduced retention times, with equivalent or superior efficiency compared to conventional reversed-phase liquid chromatography, giving rise to successful isocratic separations. The complex nature of MELC mobile phases allows numerous composition options (type and concentration of surfactant, oil and co-surfactant) that lead to good separation performance, when compared to other chromatographic modes. A thorough revision of the main topics concerning MELC, such as nature and properties of O/W MEs, mechanism of retention, selectivity and diverse aspects related to the experimental practice for the determination of drugs in clinical and pharmaceutical samples, is presented.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81671810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-25DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1528278
Bingtao Zhao, Dongshen Wang, Yaxin Su, Hua-lin Wang
As a stationary intensification processing technology, cyclonic separation has been widely used for multiphase gas-particle separation in the fields of fluidized processing, energy utilization, material synthesis and aerosol classification. The mathematical characterization of gas-particle dynamics inside a cyclone separator is vital in implementing performance prediction, structural design, parameter optimization, and/or techno-economic assessment. In past decades, significant efforts have been made to develop modeling approaches to gas-particle separation processing and dynamics inside cyclone separators. However, these modeling approaches are derived from different fundamentals of theory and method. Hence, their applicability and effectiveness have not been comprehensively validated or verified, particularly for those cyclones with varied geometrical dimensions, operating conditions, and multiphase properties. In the current review paper, various types of modeling approaches from the 1940s to the present are summarized, compared, and evaluated for gas-particle cyclonic separation dynamics, focusing on the modeling of gas flow pattern, pressure drop, and gas-particle separation behaviors including the particle cut-size and grade efficiency. The modeling for dense medium cyclones was also involved. Finally, the future outlook is highlighted to advance the modeling of gas-particle separation dynamics in cyclone separators.
{"title":"Gas-Particle Cyclonic Separation Dynamics: Modeling and Characterization","authors":"Bingtao Zhao, Dongshen Wang, Yaxin Su, Hua-lin Wang","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2018.1528278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1528278","url":null,"abstract":"As a stationary intensification processing technology, cyclonic separation has been widely used for multiphase gas-particle separation in the fields of fluidized processing, energy utilization, material synthesis and aerosol classification. The mathematical characterization of gas-particle dynamics inside a cyclone separator is vital in implementing performance prediction, structural design, parameter optimization, and/or techno-economic assessment. In past decades, significant efforts have been made to develop modeling approaches to gas-particle separation processing and dynamics inside cyclone separators. However, these modeling approaches are derived from different fundamentals of theory and method. Hence, their applicability and effectiveness have not been comprehensively validated or verified, particularly for those cyclones with varied geometrical dimensions, operating conditions, and multiphase properties. In the current review paper, various types of modeling approaches from the 1940s to the present are summarized, compared, and evaluated for gas-particle cyclonic separation dynamics, focusing on the modeling of gas flow pattern, pressure drop, and gas-particle separation behaviors including the particle cut-size and grade efficiency. The modeling for dense medium cyclones was also involved. Finally, the future outlook is highlighted to advance the modeling of gas-particle separation dynamics in cyclone separators.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81927902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-25DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1532911
V. Martin-Gil, Mohd Zamidi Ahmad, Roberto Castro‐Muñoz, V. Fíla
Natural gas is one of the most highly used resources, not only as a fuel but also as a raw material for many industrial processes. In addition, it is an environmental friendly fuel due to its lower greenhouse gas emission than that of coal or oil. However, it is a nonrenewable energy source and the quality of the available resources is expected to deplete continuously. In this scenario, membrane technologies can play an important role in the purification of the reduced and contaminated resources, competing with the current technologies owing to their simpler adaptability to different feed compositions, lower energy consumption and investment costs. In this review, the current state of the natural gas sources, including nonconventional resources (tight/shale gas and biogas), is explored, along with the current market status of the conventional natural gas. A comparison between the conventional purification technologies and membrane processes is provided, together with the currently available commercial membranes as well as new materials. Furthermore, the latest materials in research stage are reviewed, pointing out their limitations to the current membranes technologies. Finally, future research trends to overcome the current membrane technology limitations are proposed, and the conclusions are addressed.
{"title":"Economic Framework of Membrane Technologies for Natural Gas Applications","authors":"V. Martin-Gil, Mohd Zamidi Ahmad, Roberto Castro‐Muñoz, V. Fíla","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2018.1532911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1532911","url":null,"abstract":"Natural gas is one of the most highly used resources, not only as a fuel but also as a raw material for many industrial processes. In addition, it is an environmental friendly fuel due to its lower greenhouse gas emission than that of coal or oil. However, it is a nonrenewable energy source and the quality of the available resources is expected to deplete continuously. In this scenario, membrane technologies can play an important role in the purification of the reduced and contaminated resources, competing with the current technologies owing to their simpler adaptability to different feed compositions, lower energy consumption and investment costs. In this review, the current state of the natural gas sources, including nonconventional resources (tight/shale gas and biogas), is explored, along with the current market status of the conventional natural gas. A comparison between the conventional purification technologies and membrane processes is provided, together with the currently available commercial membranes as well as new materials. Furthermore, the latest materials in research stage are reviewed, pointing out their limitations to the current membranes technologies. Finally, future research trends to overcome the current membrane technology limitations are proposed, and the conclusions are addressed.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87880903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-08DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1526805
Mohammad Hossein Davood Abadi Farahani, Dangchen Ma, Pegah Nazemizadeh Ardakani
Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) is a molecular separation method which offers a sustainable and reliable solution compared to the conventional energy-intensive separation processes. OSN can be successfully applied to several applications, such as food, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and fine-chemical industries. Current research on OSN membranes mainly focuses on polymeric materials due to the ease of processing, controlled formation of pores, lower fabrication costs and higher flexibility as compared with inorganic materials. However, there are some limitations for the polymeric membranes which can be partially surmounted by adding nanoscale fillers into the polymeric matrix to make nanocomposite membranes. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate and report the advances in nanocomposite membranes prepared by using either different nanoscale fillers or various fabrication methods for OSN applications. Nanoparticles that will be discussed include metal-organic framework, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, silica, titanium, gold, zeolite and other fillers. The incorporation of these nanoscale fillers into the polymeric membranes can positively influence the mechanical strength, chemical and thermal stability, hydrophilicity, solute selectivity and solvent permeance. This study may provide helpful insights to develop next-generation of OSN membranes for years to come.
{"title":"Nanocomposite membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Davood Abadi Farahani, Dangchen Ma, Pegah Nazemizadeh Ardakani","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2018.1526805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2018.1526805","url":null,"abstract":"Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) is a molecular separation method which offers a sustainable and reliable solution compared to the conventional energy-intensive separation processes. OSN can be successfully applied to several applications, such as food, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and fine-chemical industries. Current research on OSN membranes mainly focuses on polymeric materials due to the ease of processing, controlled formation of pores, lower fabrication costs and higher flexibility as compared with inorganic materials. However, there are some limitations for the polymeric membranes which can be partially surmounted by adding nanoscale fillers into the polymeric matrix to make nanocomposite membranes. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate and report the advances in nanocomposite membranes prepared by using either different nanoscale fillers or various fabrication methods for OSN applications. Nanoparticles that will be discussed include metal-organic framework, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, silica, titanium, gold, zeolite and other fillers. The incorporation of these nanoscale fillers into the polymeric membranes can positively influence the mechanical strength, chemical and thermal stability, hydrophilicity, solute selectivity and solvent permeance. This study may provide helpful insights to develop next-generation of OSN membranes for years to come.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91074067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1392974
B. Figueiredo, Simão P. Cardoso, Inês Portugal, J. Rocha, Carlos M. Silva
Ion exchange is a proven process for radioactive wastewater decontamination, where inorganic sorbents are ideal due to their thermal, chemical and radiation stability. This review focuses on the removal of Cs+ by inorganic exchangers, viz. zeolites, titanosilicates, hexacyanoferrates metal oxides and hydrous metal oxides, bentonite/clays and the key family of ammonium phosphomolybdates (AMPs). The design of new selective composites is also addressed focusing on those based on AMPs, hexacyanoferrates and titanosilicates/zeolites. Future inorganic Cs+ exchangers will encompass promising solids, like lanthanide silicates, sodium titanates and metal sulfides. The sensing ability derived from the photoluminescence properties of lanthanide silicates and the efficiency of layered gallium-antimony-sulfide materials in acidic and basic solutions disclose considerable potential for real applications. The ion exchange systems are discussed in terms of sorbent capacity and selectivity (with competitors), pH, temperature and solution salinity. The microscopic features of the exchangers and the associated mechanisms (e.g., pore size, counterions radii, dehydration energy of the ions, coordination environments in the solid exchanger, and site accessibility) are always used for interpreting the ion exchange behavior. On the whole, more than 250 publications were reviewed and a large compilation of data is provided in Supplemental Material.
{"title":"Inorganic Ion Exchangers for Cesium Removal from Radioactive Wastewater","authors":"B. Figueiredo, Simão P. Cardoso, Inês Portugal, J. Rocha, Carlos M. Silva","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2017.1392974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2017.1392974","url":null,"abstract":"Ion exchange is a proven process for radioactive wastewater decontamination, where inorganic sorbents are ideal due to their thermal, chemical and radiation stability. This review focuses on the removal of Cs+ by inorganic exchangers, viz. zeolites, titanosilicates, hexacyanoferrates metal oxides and hydrous metal oxides, bentonite/clays and the key family of ammonium phosphomolybdates (AMPs). The design of new selective composites is also addressed focusing on those based on AMPs, hexacyanoferrates and titanosilicates/zeolites. Future inorganic Cs+ exchangers will encompass promising solids, like lanthanide silicates, sodium titanates and metal sulfides. The sensing ability derived from the photoluminescence properties of lanthanide silicates and the efficiency of layered gallium-antimony-sulfide materials in acidic and basic solutions disclose considerable potential for real applications. The ion exchange systems are discussed in terms of sorbent capacity and selectivity (with competitors), pH, temperature and solution salinity. The microscopic features of the exchangers and the associated mechanisms (e.g., pore size, counterions radii, dehydration energy of the ions, coordination environments in the solid exchanger, and site accessibility) are always used for interpreting the ion exchange behavior. On the whole, more than 250 publications were reviewed and a large compilation of data is provided in Supplemental Material.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78819461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1383918
M. I. Din, J. Najeeb, G. Ahmad
In recent times, leakage of the organic pollutants into water reserves because of the uncontrolled and ill-planned industrial development was regarded as one of the most fundamental worldwide concerns. The hazardous and deleterious effects associated with these pollutants demand the invention of effective degradation methodologies, which could be industrially employed prior to the discharge of industrial effluent into the aqueous environment. Various removal methods have been explored from the perspective of addressing this issue. The nanoparticles-(NPs) mediated photocatalytic degradation is one of such approaches which has attracted attention. Recently, the use of Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs as heterogeneous photocatalysts has been under much review due to the improvements that have been presented for enhancing its catalytic efficacy and inhibiting photo-corrosion problems. Hence, a critical analysis summarizing and discussing these recent advances on ZnO NPs modification is needed. In this study, the descriptions of (1) stabilization mediums for NPs into producing more suitable and appropriate supports, (2) the revision of the architecting routes for ZnO NPs, (3) the introduction of various sorts of metal doping for enhancing the electron transduction capabilities of ZnO NPs and (4) the development of bi/polymetallic assemblies for combining the most-suited features of different metals in a single catalytic system are discussed. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the latest modifications achieved for the nanoassemblies of ZnO NPs employed for the light-mediated decomposition of organic pollutants.
{"title":"Recent Advancements in the Architecting Schemes of Zinc Oxide-Based Photocatalytic Assemblies","authors":"M. I. Din, J. Najeeb, G. Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2017.1383918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2017.1383918","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, leakage of the organic pollutants into water reserves because of the uncontrolled and ill-planned industrial development was regarded as one of the most fundamental worldwide concerns. The hazardous and deleterious effects associated with these pollutants demand the invention of effective degradation methodologies, which could be industrially employed prior to the discharge of industrial effluent into the aqueous environment. Various removal methods have been explored from the perspective of addressing this issue. The nanoparticles-(NPs) mediated photocatalytic degradation is one of such approaches which has attracted attention. Recently, the use of Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs as heterogeneous photocatalysts has been under much review due to the improvements that have been presented for enhancing its catalytic efficacy and inhibiting photo-corrosion problems. Hence, a critical analysis summarizing and discussing these recent advances on ZnO NPs modification is needed. In this study, the descriptions of (1) stabilization mediums for NPs into producing more suitable and appropriate supports, (2) the revision of the architecting routes for ZnO NPs, (3) the introduction of various sorts of metal doping for enhancing the electron transduction capabilities of ZnO NPs and (4) the development of bi/polymetallic assemblies for combining the most-suited features of different metals in a single catalytic system are discussed. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the latest modifications achieved for the nanoassemblies of ZnO NPs employed for the light-mediated decomposition of organic pollutants.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80456290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-02DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1386681
Sonia R. Lakhotia, M. Mukhopadhyay, P. Kumari
Access to enough clean and safe water requires improvement over the current state of filtration technology. Membrane technology is one of the best tools for removing dissolved matters and/or particulates during the cleaning process, but some unavoidable intrinsic properties, like flux decline and fouling, reduce the membrane life, stability and separation capacity. To improve membrane performances, researchers reported the significant role played by associating nanoparticles to membrane polymers. Nanoparticles create a path in the membrane for selective water permeation and pose a barrier for undesired matters. There are two different methods for incorporating nanoparticles in membranes: (i) adding nanoparticles to the polymeric matrix and (ii) depositing nanoparticles on the membrane surface. The deposition/coating of nanoparticles on the membrane surface allows opportunities for water/wastewater treatment. In this review, focus has been given to the development of different nanoparticle-deposited membranes and their possible applications to large-scale water purification processes, where antifouling, permeate quality and self-cleaning properties are required.
{"title":"Surface-Modified Nanocomposite Membranes","authors":"Sonia R. Lakhotia, M. Mukhopadhyay, P. Kumari","doi":"10.1080/15422119.2017.1386681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2017.1386681","url":null,"abstract":"Access to enough clean and safe water requires improvement over the current state of filtration technology. Membrane technology is one of the best tools for removing dissolved matters and/or particulates during the cleaning process, but some unavoidable intrinsic properties, like flux decline and fouling, reduce the membrane life, stability and separation capacity. To improve membrane performances, researchers reported the significant role played by associating nanoparticles to membrane polymers. Nanoparticles create a path in the membrane for selective water permeation and pose a barrier for undesired matters. There are two different methods for incorporating nanoparticles in membranes: (i) adding nanoparticles to the polymeric matrix and (ii) depositing nanoparticles on the membrane surface. The deposition/coating of nanoparticles on the membrane surface allows opportunities for water/wastewater treatment. In this review, focus has been given to the development of different nanoparticle-deposited membranes and their possible applications to large-scale water purification processes, where antifouling, permeate quality and self-cleaning properties are required.","PeriodicalId":21744,"journal":{"name":"Separation & Purification Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81292377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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