Scientific Reports最新文献

Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DOX-IC) is a significant and common complication in patients undergoing chemotherapy, leading to cardiac remodeling and reduced heart function. We hypothesized that the intrapericardial injection of hydrogels derived from the cardiac decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) loaded with adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASC) and their secretome dampens or reverses the progression of DOX-IC. DOX-IC was induced in Wistar male rats through ten weekly intra-peritoneal injections of doxorubicin (cumulative dose: 18 mg/kg). We performed intrapericardial treatment in week five with dECM hydrogel loaded with ASC and their conditioned medium (CMed). The volume of intrapericardial injection was 2 ml/kg, the ASC density was 20 million/mL, while the hydrogel contained 100-fold concentrated CMed. Interstitial myocardial fibrosis was assessed by PicroSirius Red staining and hemodynamics parameters in pressure-volume loops. Compared to saline controls, interstitial myocardial fibrosis was reduced in ASC/CMed-loaded hydrogels treated animals (p = 0.0139). Ejection fraction and cardiac work efficiency improved in the ASC/CMed-treated rats compared to saline treatment (p = 0.0151 and p = 0.0655, respectively). The intrapericardial injection of dECM hydrogels loaded with ASC and their secretome warrants a novel therapeutic modality to improve ventricular hemodynamics and reduce cardiac remodeling in DOX-IC.

Highly variable response shown by individuals against mosquito-borne infections suggests that host genetic factors play an important role in determining mosquito-borne disease onset. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the genetic risk of these diseases in specific populations. The current study aimed to determine the percentage of individuals in the general population carrying mosquito-borne disease susceptibility and protection-related variants. This study initially aggregated mosquito-borne disease susceptibility and protection-related variants from all publically available data and literature. Afterward, the allele frequency was calculated 1009 genetic variants of 366 genes associated with susceptibility and protection to estimate the global prevalence in multiple ethnicities (Middle Eastern, Ashkenazi Jewish, European (Non-Finnish), Latino/Admixed American, South Asian, East Asian, European (Finnish), North Asian, Southeast Asian, African American, and Swedish population). Furthermore, the cumulative allele frequency of all susceptibility and protection-related variants was calculated in diverse ethnic groups and the relationship with mosquito-borne disease-associated morbidity and mortality was examined to determine whether results are consistent with founder effect in these populations. Two prioritized genetic variants of IL-10 (rs1800871) and FcγRIIA (rs1801274) were examined in the Tehsil Haripur population to assess the genetic risks linked to susceptibility and protection against mosquito-borne diseases. The findings of this study revealed overlapping genes most implicated in mosquito-borne disease linked with susceptibility and protection across different ethnic ancestries. In the available sample size, the percentage of TC and TT genotypes in IL-10 genetic variant (rs1800871) was 12% and 88%, respectively and GA and GG genotypes in FcγRIIA(rs1801274) genetic variant were 6% and 94% respectively. Based on statistical analysis, the percentage allele frequency of IL-10 (rs1800871) variant was 0.2112% and the FcγRIIA (rs1801274) variant is 0.1128% in the current study. Additionally, this study reflects that screening of genetic variants associated with susceptibility and protection in a population gives better insights into organizing public health awareness campaigns to control diseases.

²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K levels in various foods frequently consumed by Egyptians were determined using a gamma-ray spectrometer based on the germanium detector (HPGe). Activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K were in the range of < 0.10 to 0.79 ± 0.07, < 0.09 to 0.42 ± 0.04, and < 1.96 to 89.73 ± 2.96 Bq/kg, respectively. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model was employed to estimate the effective doses received by the different parts of the adult's gastrointestinal tract, i.e., stomach (ST), small intestine (SI), upper large intestine (ULI), and lower large intestine (LLI), due to the ingestion of the analyzed foods. This estimation was based on mathematical calculations of the energy absorbed by organs due to transformations of ingested radionuclides. The effective doses (μSv/y) received by each compartment were 8.86 (ST), 8.76 (SI), 66.90 (ULI), and 176.76 (LLI). The results do not exceed the safe thresholds set by global organizations UNSCEAR and WHO, 290 and 250-400 μSv/y, respectively. Therefore, radionuclide intakes due to investigated food consumption do not pose any significant radiological impact.

Chilli, a globally cultivated and consumed crop is significantly impacted by Thrips parvispinus. The reliance on pesticides could result in residue contamination, adversely affecting quality, leading to export rejections and health risks to consumers. This study evaluated the bioefficacy and persistent toxicity of fipronil and tolfenpyrad against thrips in chilli, and persistence of their residues. Tolfenpyrad demonstrated higher field efficacy (60.94 to 78.53%) against thrips compared to fipronil (37.61 to 58.07%). Residue analysis was performed in leaves and green chilli fruits using LC-MS/MS. Fipronil's efficacy decreased after 5 to 7 days of application, but both fipronil and tolfenpyrad residues remained for 20 and 30 days, respectively. In contrast, the residues in leaves caused persistent toxicity to thrips, causing about 50% mortality until 10 to 15 days in tolfenpyrad treatment. In green chilli, residues of tolfenpyrad and fipronil persisted for up to 40 and 25 days, necessitating pre-harvest intervals of 3.17 and 19.39 to 30.65 days, respectively, but with no dietary risk to consumers. Tolfenpyrad exhibited superior efficacy against T. parvispinus compared to fipronil, with a longer duration of effectiveness in leaves and quicker residue dissipation in chilli fruits and a short pre-harvest interval, supporting its use in Integrated Pest Management.

This study aimed to elucidate the potential causal relationship between 4,907 plasma proteins and the risk of gastric cancer using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach. We utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to perform two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, treating the 4,907 plasma proteins as exposure factors and gastric cancer as the outcome. Instrumental variables for plasma proteins were selected based on strongly correlated SNPs identified through data processing and screening of the GWAS data provided by the deCode database. We employed a set of statistical methods centered on inverse variance weighting (IVW) for Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the effects of these plasma proteins on gastric cancer susceptibility. According to the IVW method, 14 plasma proteins were associated with gastric cancer (p < 0.005). Specifically, CHST15 (OR = 0.7553, 95% CI = 0.6346 - 0.8988), L1CAM (OR = 0.7230, 95% CI = 0.5876 - 0.8896), FTMT (OR = 0.8246, 95% CI = 0.7241 - 0.9391), and PMM2 (OR = 0.5767, 95% CI = 0.3943 - 0.8433) were negatively correlated with GASTRIC CANCER, whereas ABO (OR = 1.1868, 95% CI = 1.0638 - 1.3240), FAM3D (OR = 1.2109, 95% CI = 1.0850 - 1.3515), FAM3B (OR = 1.2988, 95% CI = 1.0953 - 1.5402), ADH7 (OR = 1.3568, 95% CI = 1.1044 - 1.6670), MAP1LC3A (OR = 1.3704, 95% CI = 1.1194 - 1.6778), PGLYRP1 (OR = 1.4071, 95% CI = 1.1235 - 1.7623), PDE5A (OR = 1.7446, 95% CI = 1.2693 - 2.3978), GLUL (OR = 3.1203, 95% CI = 1.5017 - 6.4839), NFE2L1 (OR = 3.1759, 95% CI = 1.6163 - 6.2402), and MAFG (OR = 3.1945, 95% CI = 1.5329 - 6.6575) were positively correlated. Convergent results from Weighted Median and MR-Egger analyses confirmed these associations. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that gastric cancer does not significantly alter the levels of these 14 plasma proteins (p > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses, including assessments of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, confirmed the robustness and reliability of our findings without significant bias. Pathway enrichment analysis of gene expression associated with these 14 plasma proteins, using GO and KEGG pathways, revealed that CHST15, L1CAM, FTMT, and PMM2 may serve as protective factors against gastric cancer, while ABO, FAM3D, FAM3B, ADH7, MAP1LC3A, PGLYRP1, PDE5A, GLUL, NFE2L1, and MAFG may contribute to gastric cancer pathogenesis. These results highlight the complex biological interactions between plasma proteins and tumorigenesis, providing valuable insights for preventive and therapeutic strategies in gastric malignancy management.

The goaf formed by mining and other activities is prone to safety hazards. Preparing high-quality and low-cost solidified iron tailings powder (SITP) is an important way to ensure backfill quality and eliminate safety hazards. Using iron tailings powder near the goaf of in Shanxi, comparative experiments were conducted to evaluate the the flowability, stone rate, strength, and water stability of newly mixed SITP under different types and dosages of curing agent, and mixing methods. The results show that under the premise of keeping the fluidity constant, the strength of the ITP slurry increases with the increase of the curing agent content; At the same strength, the water consumption significantly affects the fluidity; When using 8%~16% different curing agent dosage, the expansion degree is 280 mm ~ 600 mm, the wet density is 1.9 g/cm³ ~ 2.1 g/cm³, the 28d strength after curing is 1.4 MPa ~ 3.7 MPa, and the stone rate is greater than 92%; The ITP slurry prepared by vibration mixing with a mixing time of 120 s and the amount of curing agent at 8% meets the engineering application requirements of 7d strength of 0.6 MPa and expansion of 250 mm. The research shows that the iron tailings powder slurry prepared by vibration mixing has high strength after solidification, and it is a new way of resource utilization of iron tailings powder with large consumption and good economy to be used for goaf backfilling.

We present a nonlinear model of thermal field emission in resonant tunneling nanostructures with multiple barriers and potential wells, based on an accurate determination of the quantum potential shape and a rigorous solution of the Schrödinger equation, while considering thermal balance. The model applies to vacuum and semiconductor resonant tunnel diode and triode structures with two and three electrodes and to the general case of two-way tunneling with electrode heating. The complete balance of heat release and transfer is accounted for, with heat transport considered ballistic. This approach can also be extended to the non-stationary case, incorporating the influence of space charge. The short flight time of electrons in such structures makes them promising for the fabrication of THz devices.

The inhibitory potential of an alcoholic extract derived from Canarium strictum leaves (CSL) was evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel (MS) in 15% HCl solution. Furthermore, to enhance its inhibition effectiveness, the influence of potassium iodide (KI) was also examined. The corrosion inhibition and adsorption characteristics of CSL were comprehensively analysed through weight loss measurement, electrochemical impedance measurement (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PP), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The effect of temperature and immersion time on corrosion inhibition was also investigated. The studied CSL extract exhibited maximum inhibition efficiency of 92.2% at 700 ppm alone, while adding 5 ppm KI 96.8% inhibition efficiency was observed. Moreover, with KI, an efficiency of 98% was observed at extended immersion of 48 h. The PP results showed that CSL and CSL + KI were good mixed-type inhibitor system. Adsorption data was best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model, and thermodynamic, kinetic, and surface analyses shed light on the inhibitory mechanism.

Cognitive dysfunction is frequently reported in individuals with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), possibly resulting from reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF). We used brain SPECT, an accessible imaging modality that has not been systematically evaluated in this patient group. Retrospective review of participants from our registry was undertaken to identify those who had a brain SPECT performed for investigation of cognitive dysfunction. Abnormal CBF was taken as z-score > 2 standard deviations of healthy control reference values. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as autonomic, gastric and quality of life symptom scores were analyzed. From a total of 56 participants (mean 34.8 ± 10.7 years, 88% females), PROMs indicate: moderate to severe autonomic dysfunction in 75%; at least mild to moderate gastroparesis in 23%; low global health rating and utility scores. Abnormal CBF was seen in 61% but did not differ by POTS triggers. The regions with the lowest mean z-scores were the lateral prefrontal and sensorimotor cortices. Hierarchal regression analyses found number of brain regions with abnormal CBF, autonomic and gastric symptoms to account for 51% of variances in health utility. Cerebral hypoperfusion is prevalent in those with POTS and cognitive dysfunction even whilst supine, contributing to reduced quality of life.