Spektrum der Augenheilkunde最新文献

{"title":"Choroidal vascularity index in pseudoexfoliation syndrome: a review of the literature","authors":"D. Kalogeropoulos, G. Vartsakis, Giannis A Moustafa, C. Kalogeropoulos, S. Ch'ng, Chrysavgi Pappa, Kerolos Bassilious, V. Sung","doi":"10.1007/s00717-022-00529-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-022-00529-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"37 1","pages":"114 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42861842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entzündliche Augenerkrankungen","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00717-022-00527-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-022-00527-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"36 1","pages":"110 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42536435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical biometric measurements in patients with previous COVID-19 treatment.","authors":"Tugba Çetinkaya, Muhammed Mustafa Kurt","doi":"10.1007/s00717-022-00526-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00717-022-00526-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to compare optical biometric measurements using optical biometry in patients with previously received COVID-19 treatment and a control group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, patients with previously received COVID-19 treatment formed the COVID-19 group and age- and sex-matched healthy participants formed the control group. Optical biometric measurements including keratometry, corneal astigmatism, astigmatic axis, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and axial length were made using a Nidek optical biometer (AL-Scan; Nidek Co., Ltd., Japan).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Measurements of keratometry (<i>p</i> = 0.79), corneal astigmatism (<i>p</i> = 0.41), axial length (<i>p</i> = 0.96), anterior chamber depth (<i>p</i> = 0.59), and central corneal thickness (<i>p</i> = 0.37) were similar between the COVID-19 and control groups. The astigmatic axis type taken from 2.4 mm of the cornea showed significant difference between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.02, χ²), while the measurements taken from 3.3 mm of the cornea were similar (<i>p</i> = 0.10, χ²). In the subgroup analysis, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and central corneal thickness measurements were found to be statistically significantly higher in male patients of the COVID-19 group (<i>p</i> = 0.02; <i>p</i> = 0.001; <i>p</i> = 0.02, <i>t</i> test).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The changes in optical biometric measurements found in our study were due to the fact that COVID-19 is more frequent and severe in males, SARS-CoV‑2 can attach to the cornea via ACE‑2 receptors, and favipiravir can reach the aqueous humor. To our knowledge, there is no study on this subject to date, and therefore more research is needed to shed light on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9315324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10309714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nichtinvasive Keratographen-Tränenfilmaufreißzeit im Vergleich zur Fluoreszein-Tränenfilmaufreißzeit","authors":"Bujar Berisha, J. Nepp, D. Rabensteiner, G. Wagner, I. Boldin, Haleh Aminfar, J. Horwath-Winter","doi":"10.1007/s00717-022-00525-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-022-00525-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"36 1","pages":"139 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47130506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foveal-sparing ILM peeling with ILM flap transposition in a case with idiopathic full-thickness macular hole","authors":"C. Leisser, O. Findl","doi":"10.1007/s00717-022-00524-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-022-00524-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"37 1","pages":"124 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46862313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERAN JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) PASCA BENCANA ALAM 2018 DI SULAWESI TENGAH","authors":"Sulfitri Husain","doi":"10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6660","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract.The locus in this study is the disaster-affected area in middle Sulawesi. Palu, Sigi, and Donggala were some of the areas that were badly damaged as a result of the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction that occurred in September 2018. In addition to the loss of life, the disaster caused several public facilities to be seriously damaged (broken electricity and telecommunications networks). School buildings, hotels, hospitals, offices, malls and several roads were badly damaged. Various national and international aids, both government and non-government, have contributed. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is one of the international agencies involved from emergency response to recovery with a build back better concept in the Palu, Sigi, and Donggala (PASIGALA) areas. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method which will analyze the extent to which JICA's role as one of Japan's International Cooperation agencies is involved in providing post-disaster assistance. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is one of the international agencies involved from emergency response to recovery with a build back better concept in the Palu, Sigi, and Donggala (PASIGALA) areas. In this study, in addition to primary data, secondary data in the form of books, documents, news, and journals are also complementary to the analysis. Descriptive qualitative method is used in analyzing the extent to which JICA's role as one of Japan's International Cooperation agencies is involved in providing post-disaster assistance. The results of this study explain that JICA is one of the donor agencies that has a role and several programs in reorganizing middle Sulawesi after the disaster.Keywords: Disaster Relief, International Agenc, JICA Abstrak.Lokus dalam penelitian ini adalah wilayah yang terdampak bencana di Sulawesi Tengah. Palu, Sigi, dan Donggala merupakan beberapa daerah  yang rusak parah akibat dari gempa, tsunami, dan likuifaksi yang terjadi pada September 2018 lalu. Selain korban jiwa, bencana tersebut menyebabkan beberapa fasilitas umum rusak parah (putusnya jaringan listrik dan telekomunikasi). Gedung sekolah, perhotelan, rumah sakit, perkantoran, mall dan beberapa jalan mengalami rusak parah. Berbagai bantuan nasional, internasional baik yang pemerintah dan non pemerintah berpartisipasi memberikan sumbangsihnya. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) merupakan salah satu dari lembaga internasional yang terlibat mulai tanggap darurat hingga recovery dengan konsep build back better di wilayah Palu, Sigi, dan Donggala (PASIGALA). Dalam penelitian ini, selain data primer, data sekunder berupa buku, dokumen, berita, dan jurnal juga sebagai pelengkap analisis.  Metode kualitatif deskriptif yang digunakan dalam menganalisis sejauh mana peran JICA sebagai salah satu badan Kerja Sama Internasional Jepang  untuk terlibat dalam pemberian bantuan  pasca bencana. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan JICA merupakan sebagai salah satu lemb","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88578112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA BANJIR (STUDI KASUS BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH / BPBD KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2020)","authors":"S. Suharto, Andre Setiawan","doi":"10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6656","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe city of Semarang can be said to be a disaster-prone area city when viewed from its geographical, demographic, topographic, and climatic conditions. This can be proven from the historical records of the Semarang City disaster. Disasters that have been recorded are floods, flash floods, landslides and extreme weather (DIBI, 2009-2016). The same thing happened in the Beringin watershed. Therefore, the Semarang City Government together with the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) carried out the preparation of a Disaster Risk Study (KRB) for the period 2017 to 2021 in Semarang City, especially in the Beringin Watershed. So in this study, we will examine, How is the implementation of the Disaster Management Policy in the Beringin Watershed (DAS) BPBD Semarang City? This is a qualitative descriptive study that seeks to describe and describe a situation based on the facts that actually happened. The data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Implementation of flood disaster management policies in the Beringin River Basin (DAS) with the implementation of the Early Warning System Technology Tool so that it can be more touching on efforts to reduce the impact of disasters, especially for people affected by floods in the Beringin Watershed, Semarang City. The description of areas that are potentially affected by disasters can be used as a basis for reference as the implementation of disaster management policies with the application of the Early Warning System (E.W.S) technology tool in the Banyan River Basin in Semarang City for risk reduction efforts for communities affected by floods.Keywords: Policy Implementation, Flood Disaster Management, Early Warning System (E.W.S).AbstrakKota Semarang dapat dikatakan sebagai kota daerah rawan bencana kalau dilihat dari kondisi geografis, demografi, topografi, dan iklim. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari catatan sejarah kejadian bencana Kota Semarang. Bencana pernah tercatat adalah banjir, banjir bandang, longsor dan cuaca ekstrim (DIBI, 2009-2016). Demikian pula terjadi di daerah DAS Beringin. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah Kota Semarang bersama dengan Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) melakukan penyusunan Kajian Risiko Bencana (KRB) untuk periode tahun 2017 sampai 2021 di Kota Semarang khususnya di DAS Beringin. Maka dalam penelitian ini akan mengkaji, bagaimana implementasi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Bencana di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Beringin BPBD Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif yang berusaha menggambarkan dan melukiskan suatu keadaan atas fakta-fakta yang ada, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara yang mendalam dan dokumentasi, dan analisa data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Implementasi Kebijakan penanggulangan bencana banjir di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Beringin dengan diterapka","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80040531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FAKTOR PENDORONG BHUTAN MEMBUKA HUBUNGAN DIPLOMATIK DENGAN ISRAEL TAHUN 2020","authors":"Andi Purwono, Niswatul Harisa","doi":"10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6658","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research  aims to find out the reasons that prompted Bhutan to open diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020. This study was written using a qualitative approach, through library research techniques such as books, official state documents, news and other mass media. This study uses the theory of national interest to determine the goals and interests of Bhutan. In this study, two reasons were found that pushed Bhutan to open diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020, namely the existence of Bhutan's national interests in the economic and military security fields.Keywords : Diplomatic Relations, Economic Interest, Military Security, National Interest AbstrakRiset ini bertujuan untuk mengetauhi alasan yang mendorong Bhutan dalam melakukan pembukaan hubungan diplomatic dengan Israel tahun 2020. Penelitian ini ditulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang diperoleh melalui studi pustaka seperti buku, dokumen resmi negara, berita dan media massa lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kepentingan nasional yang bersifat materiil. Penelitian ini menemukan dua alasan yang mendorong mendorong Bhutan dalam melakukan pembukaan hubungan diplomatik dengan Israel tahun 2020 yaitu adanya kepentingan nasional negara Bhutan dalam bidang ekonomi dan keamanan militer.Kata kunci : Hubungan Diplomatik, Kepentingan Ekonomi, Kepentingan Militer, Keamanan Nasional","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83325274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEJARAH LAHIRNYA GERAKAN PEMUDA ANSOR PADA ORGANISASI MASYARAKAT NAHDLATUL ULAMA","authors":"Zudi Setiawan","doi":"10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6657","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe history of the birth of the Ansor Youth Movement (GP Ansor) cannot be separated from the long history of the birth and movement of the community organization Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). The birth of GP Ansor was also driven by conditions in the Dutch East Indies at that time, where regional youth organizations had emerged such as Jong Java, Jong Ambon, Jong Sumatra, Jong Minahasa, Jong Celebes, and others. The birth of GP Ansor was colored by the spirit of the nationalism movement to fight for the nation's independence. GP Ansor was born in an atmosphere of integration between the pioneering youth after the Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda), the spirit of nationalism, democracy, and at the same time the religious spirit of Islam.Keywords: History, Community Organization, Ansor Youth Movement, Nahdlatul UlamaAbstrakSejarah lahirnya Gerakan Pemuda Ansor (GP Ansor) tidak bisa dilepaskan dari sejarah panjang kelahiran dan gerakan organisasi masyarakat (ormas) Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Kelahiran GP Ansor juga didorong oleh kondisi di Hindia Belanda pada saat itu, di mana-mana telah muncul organisasi pemuda yang bersifat kedaerahan seperti Jong Java, Jong Ambon, Jong Sumatera, Jong Minahasa, Jong Celebes, dan lain-lain. Kelahiran GP Ansor diwarnai oleh semangat pergerakan nasionalisme untuk memperjuangkan kemerdekaan bangsa. GP Ansor terlahir dalam suasana keterpaduan antara kepeloporan pemuda pasca-Sumpah Pemuda, semangat kebangsaan, kerakyatan, dan sekaligus spirit keagamaan Islam.Kata Kunci: Sejarah, Organisasi Masyarakat, Gerakan Pemuda Ansor, Nahdlatul Ulama","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"428 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79568345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLITIK ENERGI RUSIA TERHADAP UNI EROPA MELALUI GAZPROM PADA TAHUN 2013-2015","authors":"I. Ismiyatun, Ely Cintia","doi":"10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6659","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTFrom a political point of view, energy is used as a tool in foreign policy in achieving domestic interests and becomes a top priority in the policy agenda. The European Union is a region that is highly dependent on Russian energy, especially natural gas. Gazprom sees the EU as a great opportunity to dominate the EU market and is a leading exporter in the European and world gas markets. This study aims to analyze how Gazprom runs its business by following the energy policy of Russia. This research data was collected through library research techniques. The theory used by the author is energy security and foreign policy in accordance with the current situation in Russia and the European Union. This study finds that the EU's dependence on Gazprom's natural gas is very large, Gazprom's abundant gas ownership and sanctions have made Gazprom diversify its export routes with other potential buyers- China.Keywords: Energy policy, dependency,  Energy security ABSTRAKArtikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi politik energi Rusia atas Uni Eropa melalaui Gazprom, sebagai salah satu perusahaan miliknya. memperlihatkan kekuatan energinya khususnya energi minyak dan gas alam. Dalam sudut pandang politik, energi dijadikan sebagai alat dalam kebijakan luar negeri dalam mencapai kepentingan dalam negeri suatu negara dan menjadi prioritas utama dalam agenda kebijakan. Teori yang digunakan penulis adalah energy security dan kebijakan luar negeri sesuai dengan keadaan yang sedang terjadi oleh Rusia dan Uni Eropa. Dalam penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketergantungan Uni Eropa pada gas alam Gazprom sangat besar, kepemilikan gas yang melimpah oleh Gazprom serta adanya sanksi membuat Gazprom mendiversifikasi rute ekspornya dengan pembeli potensial lainnya, yaitu Tingkok.  Kata kunci: Politik Energi, Ketergantungan,  Keamanan Energi","PeriodicalId":21826,"journal":{"name":"Spektrum der Augenheilkunde","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80954818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}