Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2279990
Rahma A. Kotby, Hashem M. Mohamed, Hala H. Gomah, Adel R.A. Usman
ABSTRACTThis study was conducted in a greenhouse pot experiment to assess the effects of biochar (BC) or activated carbon (AC) alone or in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus mosseae or acid-producing bacteria (BA) Bacillus polymyxa on plant growth, EDTA-extractable Cd and Pb, and contents of heavy metals (Cd and Pb) and nutrients (Ca, Mg, K, and P) in maize (Zea mays L.) grown on sewage wastewater contaminated soil. The results showed that most treatments with BC, AC, or its co-application with microbial inoculation led significantly to greater nutrient uptake and promoted growth of maize than non-treated plants. Additionally, the soil additives used decreased the amounts of EDTA-extractable Cd (by 28.7%-100%) and Pb (by 22.8%-94.3%). The applied treatments caused significant decreases in Cd concentrations and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Zea mays. The highest shoot Cd reduction was observed for AC (53%), followed by AC+BA (36.9%) > AMF (34.5%) > AC+AMF (28.5) > BA (28.3%) > BC+BA (26.1%) > BC (22.7%). However, more Cd was accumulated in the roots of plants treated with AMF by 63.7% with a lower value of translocation factor (TF) compared to control soil. In contrast, the treatments increased the levels of Pb in the maize plants, and BC coupled with AMF showed the greatest Pb accumulation. It could be concluded that the investigated additives can be applied as immobilizing agents for Cd in the soil but maize plants as phytoextractants for both metals in sewage-contaminated soil are not feasible, as indicated by insufficient phytoextraction efficiency.KEYWORDS: Phytoremediationaccumulatorphytotoxicitytrace metalscontamination Data availability statementAll data used or analyzed during this study are included in this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Author contributionsAll authors contributed to the design of the research. The experiment was performed by Rahma Kotby. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Rahma Kotby, Hashem Mohamed and Hala Gomah. Statistical analysis was conducted by Adel Usman. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Adel Usman and all authors reviewed and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2279990Additional informationFundingThe authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.
{"title":"Combined Effects of Microbial Inoculation and Activated Carbon/Biochar on the Accumulation and Transfer of Nutrients and Potentially Toxic Metals in Maize Plants Grown on a Contaminated Soil","authors":"Rahma A. Kotby, Hashem M. Mohamed, Hala H. Gomah, Adel R.A. Usman","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2279990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2279990","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study was conducted in a greenhouse pot experiment to assess the effects of biochar (BC) or activated carbon (AC) alone or in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus mosseae or acid-producing bacteria (BA) Bacillus polymyxa on plant growth, EDTA-extractable Cd and Pb, and contents of heavy metals (Cd and Pb) and nutrients (Ca, Mg, K, and P) in maize (Zea mays L.) grown on sewage wastewater contaminated soil. The results showed that most treatments with BC, AC, or its co-application with microbial inoculation led significantly to greater nutrient uptake and promoted growth of maize than non-treated plants. Additionally, the soil additives used decreased the amounts of EDTA-extractable Cd (by 28.7%-100%) and Pb (by 22.8%-94.3%). The applied treatments caused significant decreases in Cd concentrations and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Zea mays. The highest shoot Cd reduction was observed for AC (53%), followed by AC+BA (36.9%) > AMF (34.5%) > AC+AMF (28.5) > BA (28.3%) > BC+BA (26.1%) > BC (22.7%). However, more Cd was accumulated in the roots of plants treated with AMF by 63.7% with a lower value of translocation factor (TF) compared to control soil. In contrast, the treatments increased the levels of Pb in the maize plants, and BC coupled with AMF showed the greatest Pb accumulation. It could be concluded that the investigated additives can be applied as immobilizing agents for Cd in the soil but maize plants as phytoextractants for both metals in sewage-contaminated soil are not feasible, as indicated by insufficient phytoextraction efficiency.KEYWORDS: Phytoremediationaccumulatorphytotoxicitytrace metalscontamination Data availability statementAll data used or analyzed during this study are included in this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Author contributionsAll authors contributed to the design of the research. The experiment was performed by Rahma Kotby. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Rahma Kotby, Hashem Mohamed and Hala Gomah. Statistical analysis was conducted by Adel Usman. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Adel Usman and all authors reviewed and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2279990Additional informationFundingThe authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"116 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2276178
Wenwu Zhou, Zeng Dan, Dean Meng, Jiachen Guo, Peng Zhou, Guanyi Chen
ABSTRACTTo understand the source, distribution and degree of pollution of heavy metals in the soil around a plateau municipal solid waste incineration plant, a municipal solid waste incineration plant in Lhasa was taken as the research object in this study. The soil surrounding the facility was sampled, and the contents of heavy metals, including Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg, in the soil were analyzed. Then, heavy metal pollution and risk assessments were conducted using the geoaccumulation index method, Nemerow index method, and potential ecological risk index method. Additionally, correlation and principal component analysis were used to determine the correlation between heavy metals in the soil and their sources of pollution. The results showed that based on the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, the soil surrounding the incineration plant generally had a low level of pollution. Through the analysis of individual potential ecological risk indices, it was found that only the heavy metal Cd presented moderate potential risks, while the other seven heavy metals had mild potential risks. The average value of the total potential risk coefficient was 107.31, which was less than 150, indicating that there was a slight potential risk associated with the soil around the incineration plant. There was significant correlation between six heavy metals, namely, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Cd, in the soil around the incineration plant. Their pollution sources were similar, and their levels tended to be affected by the incineration plant. However, there was no significant correlation between the heavy metals As and Hg and the other six heavy metals. These two heavy metals had independent sources of pollution but were also influenced by human activities.KEYWORDS: Heavy metalSpatial distribution characteristicsGeoaccumulation indexPotential ecological risk indexPrincipal component analysis Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Author contributionsZeng Dan and Guanyi Chen provided the research ideas and experimental equipment. Wenwu Zhou, Dean Meng, Jiachen Guo, Peng Zhou completed the experimental operation and the arrangement and processing of experimental data.Consent to participateAll authors were participated in this work.Consent to publishAll authors agree to publish.Data availability statementAll relevant data are within the manuscript and available from the corresponding author upon request.Ethical approvalThis paper mainly studies the heavy metals in landfill soil, not involving human and animal research.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2276178Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project [52160026]; High-level Talent Training Program of Tibet University [2020-GSP-B010]; Academic development support project for young doctors of Tibet University [zdbs2
{"title":"Analysis and Assessment of the Soil Environment Around a Plateau Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant","authors":"Wenwu Zhou, Zeng Dan, Dean Meng, Jiachen Guo, Peng Zhou, Guanyi Chen","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2276178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2276178","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTTo understand the source, distribution and degree of pollution of heavy metals in the soil around a plateau municipal solid waste incineration plant, a municipal solid waste incineration plant in Lhasa was taken as the research object in this study. The soil surrounding the facility was sampled, and the contents of heavy metals, including Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg, in the soil were analyzed. Then, heavy metal pollution and risk assessments were conducted using the geoaccumulation index method, Nemerow index method, and potential ecological risk index method. Additionally, correlation and principal component analysis were used to determine the correlation between heavy metals in the soil and their sources of pollution. The results showed that based on the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, the soil surrounding the incineration plant generally had a low level of pollution. Through the analysis of individual potential ecological risk indices, it was found that only the heavy metal Cd presented moderate potential risks, while the other seven heavy metals had mild potential risks. The average value of the total potential risk coefficient was 107.31, which was less than 150, indicating that there was a slight potential risk associated with the soil around the incineration plant. There was significant correlation between six heavy metals, namely, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Cd, in the soil around the incineration plant. Their pollution sources were similar, and their levels tended to be affected by the incineration plant. However, there was no significant correlation between the heavy metals As and Hg and the other six heavy metals. These two heavy metals had independent sources of pollution but were also influenced by human activities.KEYWORDS: Heavy metalSpatial distribution characteristicsGeoaccumulation indexPotential ecological risk indexPrincipal component analysis Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Author contributionsZeng Dan and Guanyi Chen provided the research ideas and experimental equipment. Wenwu Zhou, Dean Meng, Jiachen Guo, Peng Zhou completed the experimental operation and the arrangement and processing of experimental data.Consent to participateAll authors were participated in this work.Consent to publishAll authors agree to publish.Data availability statementAll relevant data are within the manuscript and available from the corresponding author upon request.Ethical approvalThis paper mainly studies the heavy metals in landfill soil, not involving human and animal research.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2276178Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project [52160026]; High-level Talent Training Program of Tibet University [2020-GSP-B010]; Academic development support project for young doctors of Tibet University [zdbs2","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"238 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2273348
Glory Borah, Hemen Deka
ABSTRACTThe vermiremediation potential of Eudrilus eugeniae was assessed in heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil in a microcosm experiment. In detail, efficacy of E. eugeniae was investigated in terms of reduction in HMs content, enhancement in the soil enzyme activities, synergistic correlation between the HMs and enzyme activities and bioaccumulation of HMs in the earthworm’s biomass. Moreover, a seed germination assay was also conducted to assess the HMs toxicity in soil after remediation. The results showed that Eudrilus eugeniae was capable of decreasing the Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni contents in the soil by 17.56–26.30% after 90 days of experimental trial. Introduction of E. eugeniae increased cellulase, amylase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, urease, dehydrogenase, and catalase activities by 30.3–80.95% compared to controls. Earthworm addition led to a 12.98% increase in G-Mean and 2.89% increase in T-QSI values, indicating significant soil health improvement. PCA revealed the negative impact of HMs on synergistic enzyme activities during vermiremediation. HMs content in earthworm biomass increased 13-fold. Seed germination assay confirmed HMs reduction by the end of the experiment. Thus, this study demonstrated the interconnected changes in the soil enzyme activities during vermiremediation of HMs from crude oil polluted soil.KEYWORDS: Crude oilsoil enzymesabiotic stressbioaccumulationEudrilus eugeniaesoil remediation AcknowledgmentsThe authors are thankful to the Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Assam, India, for providing the basic laboratory facilities to carry out the work smoothly.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe data reported in the current study have been obtained in original upon experimentation. The datasets generated or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Ethical approvalThis article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.Author’s contributionHD provided laboratory facilities and guided GB for PhD. GB carried out the experimental works, analysis and statistical work, and wrote the M.S. under direct supervision of HD.Additional informationFundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
{"title":"Synergistic Interactions in Enzyme Activities During Vermiremediation of Heavy Metals (HMs) Polluted Soil: Elucidating the Impact of <i>Eudrilus eugeniae</i>","authors":"Glory Borah, Hemen Deka","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2273348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2273348","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe vermiremediation potential of Eudrilus eugeniae was assessed in heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil in a microcosm experiment. In detail, efficacy of E. eugeniae was investigated in terms of reduction in HMs content, enhancement in the soil enzyme activities, synergistic correlation between the HMs and enzyme activities and bioaccumulation of HMs in the earthworm’s biomass. Moreover, a seed germination assay was also conducted to assess the HMs toxicity in soil after remediation. The results showed that Eudrilus eugeniae was capable of decreasing the Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni contents in the soil by 17.56–26.30% after 90 days of experimental trial. Introduction of E. eugeniae increased cellulase, amylase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, urease, dehydrogenase, and catalase activities by 30.3–80.95% compared to controls. Earthworm addition led to a 12.98% increase in G-Mean and 2.89% increase in T-QSI values, indicating significant soil health improvement. PCA revealed the negative impact of HMs on synergistic enzyme activities during vermiremediation. HMs content in earthworm biomass increased 13-fold. Seed germination assay confirmed HMs reduction by the end of the experiment. Thus, this study demonstrated the interconnected changes in the soil enzyme activities during vermiremediation of HMs from crude oil polluted soil.KEYWORDS: Crude oilsoil enzymesabiotic stressbioaccumulationEudrilus eugeniaesoil remediation AcknowledgmentsThe authors are thankful to the Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Assam, India, for providing the basic laboratory facilities to carry out the work smoothly.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe data reported in the current study have been obtained in original upon experimentation. The datasets generated or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Ethical approvalThis article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.Author’s contributionHD provided laboratory facilities and guided GB for PhD. GB carried out the experimental works, analysis and statistical work, and wrote the M.S. under direct supervision of HD.Additional informationFundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135273597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2271987
Sonia Dhaouadi, Samir Ghannem, Sabri Kanzari, Imed Ben slimene, Samia Khadhar, Amor Ben moussa
ABSTRACTSebkhat Soliman included in the Ramsar Convention is a wetland of international importance. This area is of great ecological interest considering the quality and the richness of the flora and the diversity of the avifauna. This site receives a large amount of water through the EL Bey River. In order to assess the levels of contamination, concentrations of six heavy metals, including Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Mn, and Zn, were examined in 25 surface sediment samples from El Bey Wadi. These concentrations, which were expressed in mg/kg of dry weight, showed that Pb ranged from 5.52 to 41.66, Zn from 26.94 to 1471.89, Cu from 91.97 to 260.05, Ni from 9.35 to 140.45, Cr from 25. It’s important to note that the highest metal concentrations have been found in site 5 which is frequently exposed to local industrial pollutant sources and in sites that are frequently inundated by river water that is carrying away industrial waste from the cities of Grombalia and Bou-Argoub. The mean EF values for Cu, Mn and Ni were between 3 and 5 in the sediments of the El Bey River, suggesting moderate enrichment, while the mean EF values for Pb, Zn and Cr indicating respectively moderate to severe enrichment and very severe enrichment. CF values for Cr, Cu and Zn were > 6 in sediments taken from the fifth site, which denotes a very high contamination by these metals. At site 5, PLI value (4.09), reflecting that its sediment is heavily polluted. Hierarchical cluster analysis-based complementary statistical methods have demonstrated that Mn is lithogenic and other analyzed metals are anthropogenic.KEYWORDS: Trace metalsSedimentContamination indicesEl Bey Wadi AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Prof. Nayua Abdelkefi for the correction of the language.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
【摘要】列入拉姆萨尔公约的塞卜哈特索利曼湿地是具有国际重要性的湿地。考虑到植物的质量和丰富程度以及鸟类的多样性，该地区具有重要的生态价值。这个地点通过EL Bey河接收大量的水。为了评估污染水平，在El Bey Wadi的25个表层沉积物样本中检测了六种重金属的浓度，包括Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、Mn和Zn。Pb含量为5.52 ~ 41.66,Zn含量为26.94 ~ 1471.89,Cu含量为91.97 ~ 260.05,Ni含量为9.35 ~ 140.45,Cr含量为25。值得注意的是，金属浓度最高的地点是经常接触当地工业污染源的5号地点，以及经常被河水淹没的地点，河水从格隆巴利亚和布阿尔戈布等城市带走工业废物。El Bey河沉积物中Cu、Mn和Ni的平均EF值在3 ~ 5之间，为中等富集，Pb、Zn和Cr的平均EF值分别为中~重度富集和极重度富集。5点沉积物中Cr、Cu和Zn的CF值均> 6，表明该沉积物中Cr、Cu和Zn的污染程度很高。在站点5,PLI值为4.09，反映其沉积物污染严重。基于层次聚类分析的互补统计方法表明，锰为岩石成因，其他分析金属为人为因素。关键词:微量金属沉积物污染指数el Bey Wadi致谢我们要感谢Nayua Abdelkefi教授对语言的更正。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。
{"title":"Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination and Potential Ecological Risk in Surface Sediments of the El Bey Wadi, Tunisia","authors":"Sonia Dhaouadi, Samir Ghannem, Sabri Kanzari, Imed Ben slimene, Samia Khadhar, Amor Ben moussa","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2271987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2271987","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSebkhat Soliman included in the Ramsar Convention is a wetland of international importance. This area is of great ecological interest considering the quality and the richness of the flora and the diversity of the avifauna. This site receives a large amount of water through the EL Bey River. In order to assess the levels of contamination, concentrations of six heavy metals, including Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Mn, and Zn, were examined in 25 surface sediment samples from El Bey Wadi. These concentrations, which were expressed in mg/kg of dry weight, showed that Pb ranged from 5.52 to 41.66, Zn from 26.94 to 1471.89, Cu from 91.97 to 260.05, Ni from 9.35 to 140.45, Cr from 25. It’s important to note that the highest metal concentrations have been found in site 5 which is frequently exposed to local industrial pollutant sources and in sites that are frequently inundated by river water that is carrying away industrial waste from the cities of Grombalia and Bou-Argoub. The mean EF values for Cu, Mn and Ni were between 3 and 5 in the sediments of the El Bey River, suggesting moderate enrichment, while the mean EF values for Pb, Zn and Cr indicating respectively moderate to severe enrichment and very severe enrichment. CF values for Cr, Cu and Zn were > 6 in sediments taken from the fifth site, which denotes a very high contamination by these metals. At site 5, PLI value (4.09), reflecting that its sediment is heavily polluted. Hierarchical cluster analysis-based complementary statistical methods have demonstrated that Mn is lithogenic and other analyzed metals are anthropogenic.KEYWORDS: Trace metalsSedimentContamination indicesEl Bey Wadi AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Prof. Nayua Abdelkefi for the correction of the language.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135779565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2260897
Akua Osaa Awuah, Boateng Kyereh
ABSTRACTThis study was conducted in five randomly selected small-scale mining communities in the Amansie West District of Ashanti Region, Ghana to assess the impacts of small-scale mining activities on heavy metal presence in three different land use types (mined site, farmland and forest area). Using a random sampling design, a total of 60 soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm depth and analyzed for soil heavy metals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and copper (Cu) using Two-way ANOVA. Heavy metal concentrations for As (5.571 mg/kg), Cd (0.002 mg/kg), Cu (1.158 mg/kg), Pb (0.076 mg/kg) in the communities did not exceed the FAO/WHO permissible limits with the exception of Hg concentrations for the respective communities (0.68 mg/kg, 1.07 mg/kg, 1.26 mg/kg, 1.28 mg/kg, 17.03 mg/kg) whose levels were 2.3 to 56.8 times higher than FAO/WHO permissible limits (0.3 mg/kg). The distribution of heavy metals in the soil was not uniform across the different land use types in the mining landscape. Differences in heavy metal concentrations were significant (p < .05) at the community, land use and their interaction (community*land use) levels with the exception of As concentration at the land use level (p > .05). The study concludes that soils of the major land use types in the study area (mined sites, farmlands and forest area) are all contaminated by Hg accumulation. Therefore, effective rehabilitation of mined sites in mining-plagued-communities should include measures for removing mercury from the soil.KEYWORDS: Miningsoilland use typesheavy metalsmercuryrehabilitation AcknowledgmentsThis study forms part of a larger study, “Securing Food and Ecosystem services in Mining plagued regions of Ghana” (NORAD SEFEM Project) which examines how land use can be diversified and harmonized in mining communities in Ghana. The authors are grateful to the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) for funding this research. We also express our appreciation to Tropenbos Ghana for their cooperation and support in making this research possible.Data availability statementData will be made available upon request.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Author’s contributionAll authors contributed to the conception of the study, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting and revising of manuscript for publication.Additional informationFundingThis research work was funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) under the Grant number (RAF-3058, GHA18/0002).
{"title":"Heavy Metal Contamination in Topsoil in Mining-Plagued Communities in the Amansie West District, Ghana","authors":"Akua Osaa Awuah, Boateng Kyereh","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2260897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2260897","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study was conducted in five randomly selected small-scale mining communities in the Amansie West District of Ashanti Region, Ghana to assess the impacts of small-scale mining activities on heavy metal presence in three different land use types (mined site, farmland and forest area). Using a random sampling design, a total of 60 soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm depth and analyzed for soil heavy metals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and copper (Cu) using Two-way ANOVA. Heavy metal concentrations for As (5.571 mg/kg), Cd (0.002 mg/kg), Cu (1.158 mg/kg), Pb (0.076 mg/kg) in the communities did not exceed the FAO/WHO permissible limits with the exception of Hg concentrations for the respective communities (0.68 mg/kg, 1.07 mg/kg, 1.26 mg/kg, 1.28 mg/kg, 17.03 mg/kg) whose levels were 2.3 to 56.8 times higher than FAO/WHO permissible limits (0.3 mg/kg). The distribution of heavy metals in the soil was not uniform across the different land use types in the mining landscape. Differences in heavy metal concentrations were significant (p < .05) at the community, land use and their interaction (community*land use) levels with the exception of As concentration at the land use level (p > .05). The study concludes that soils of the major land use types in the study area (mined sites, farmlands and forest area) are all contaminated by Hg accumulation. Therefore, effective rehabilitation of mined sites in mining-plagued-communities should include measures for removing mercury from the soil.KEYWORDS: Miningsoilland use typesheavy metalsmercuryrehabilitation AcknowledgmentsThis study forms part of a larger study, “Securing Food and Ecosystem services in Mining plagued regions of Ghana” (NORAD SEFEM Project) which examines how land use can be diversified and harmonized in mining communities in Ghana. The authors are grateful to the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) for funding this research. We also express our appreciation to Tropenbos Ghana for their cooperation and support in making this research possible.Data availability statementData will be made available upon request.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Author’s contributionAll authors contributed to the conception of the study, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting and revising of manuscript for publication.Additional informationFundingThis research work was funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) under the Grant number (RAF-3058, GHA18/0002).","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTPollution in the Noyyal river is a well-known and documented issue and recently, heavy metal contamination has become a serious issue requiring immediate attention. So, to understand the severity of heavy metal contamination in the surface water and sediments of the Noyyal river, a comprehensive study was conducted. About 27 surface water samples and 25 sediment samples were collected at different sites along the Noyyal river. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The Noyyal river’s surface water showed significant variations with nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) concentrations exceeding acceptable limits for irrigation and aquatic life. Lead (Pb) concentrations were within acceptable limits for irrigation but potentially harmful to aquatic organisms. Noyyal river sediments also contained varying concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and gallium (Ga). Various assessment indices were employed to assess the eco-biological and human health risks associated with heavy metal contamination. The results highlighted alarming ecological and biological risks due to the accumulation of trace metals. Sediments exhibited high ecological risk (ERI values ranging from 43.81 to 371.43), while surface water samples intended for irrigation and aquatic purposes displayed extreme risks (ERI values exceeding 1200) to agricultural crops and aquatic organisms. The probability of toxicity to aquatic organisms, particularly benthic communities, was over 76% according to the biological risk assessment. The study also identified potential non-carcinogenic risks associated with metals like chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in the sediments. Moreover, elevated levels of Cr, Ni, and Cu in both sediments and surface water were likely to pose significant carcinogenic risks to exposed adults. Additionally, the heavy metal toxicity load in both surface water and sediments exceeded permissible limits, highlighting the urgent need for efficient removal strategies.KEYWORDS: Heavy metalecological riskbiological riskhealth risktoxicity loadNoyyal river AcknowledgmentsThe authors sincerely thank DRDO-BU CLS for instrumentation facilities provided. All the data reported in this article are generated at DRDO-BU CLS, Coimbatore dated 18 February 2022. Authors thank Dr P. Arulpriya (Women Scientist-B-DST) for her support and help throughout the study. Abirami expresses gratitude to the Indira Gandhi National Open University in New Delhi for funding the research through a fellowship.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2258234
{"title":"Trace Metal Based Eco-Biological and Health Risk Status of Surface Water and Sediments of Noyyal River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Subramanian Abirami, Krishna Kadirvelu, Sushmitha Baskar","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2258234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2258234","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTPollution in the Noyyal river is a well-known and documented issue and recently, heavy metal contamination has become a serious issue requiring immediate attention. So, to understand the severity of heavy metal contamination in the surface water and sediments of the Noyyal river, a comprehensive study was conducted. About 27 surface water samples and 25 sediment samples were collected at different sites along the Noyyal river. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The Noyyal river’s surface water showed significant variations with nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) concentrations exceeding acceptable limits for irrigation and aquatic life. Lead (Pb) concentrations were within acceptable limits for irrigation but potentially harmful to aquatic organisms. Noyyal river sediments also contained varying concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and gallium (Ga). Various assessment indices were employed to assess the eco-biological and human health risks associated with heavy metal contamination. The results highlighted alarming ecological and biological risks due to the accumulation of trace metals. Sediments exhibited high ecological risk (ERI values ranging from 43.81 to 371.43), while surface water samples intended for irrigation and aquatic purposes displayed extreme risks (ERI values exceeding 1200) to agricultural crops and aquatic organisms. The probability of toxicity to aquatic organisms, particularly benthic communities, was over 76% according to the biological risk assessment. The study also identified potential non-carcinogenic risks associated with metals like chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in the sediments. Moreover, elevated levels of Cr, Ni, and Cu in both sediments and surface water were likely to pose significant carcinogenic risks to exposed adults. Additionally, the heavy metal toxicity load in both surface water and sediments exceeded permissible limits, highlighting the urgent need for efficient removal strategies.KEYWORDS: Heavy metalecological riskbiological riskhealth risktoxicity loadNoyyal river AcknowledgmentsThe authors sincerely thank DRDO-BU CLS for instrumentation facilities provided. All the data reported in this article are generated at DRDO-BU CLS, Coimbatore dated 18 February 2022. Authors thank Dr P. Arulpriya (Women Scientist-B-DST) for her support and help throughout the study. Abirami expresses gratitude to the Indira Gandhi National Open University in New Delhi for funding the research through a fellowship.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2258234","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2258413
Farzad Rassaei
ABSTRACTFucoxanthin (FX) is a natural pigment that is found in brown seaweeds, diatoms, and other marine organisms. FX helps to improve the soil’s physical and chemical properties. FX has been shown to have a positive impact on plant growth. The widespread usage and production of microplastics (MPs) products has resulted in a surge of plastic waste in the natural environment, posing a growing threat to plant growth. This study investigated the effects of Polystyrene MPs (PS) and FX on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter ;(OM), and available nutrients and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in a calcareous soil. Results showed PS led to a decline in soil pH, which negatively impacted maize growth. Higher levels of PS led to lower root and shoot dry weight, chlorophyll content, leaf area, and plant height. Increasing FX levels in the soil led to an increase in available nutrients, while decreasing EC and had a positive effect on maize growth factors, particularly under non-stress conditions. The positive effects of FX may be due to its antioxidant properties, ability to enhance photosynthesis, aid in nutrient absorption, and activate growth-related genes. FX mitigated the negative effects of PS on plant growth. The study highlights the potential of FX as a soil amendment to promote plant growth and mitigate the effects of environmental stressors on agriculture.KEYWORDS: Microplasticspolystyrenefucoxanthinsoil propertiesmaize growth Highlights PS contamination has negative effects on soil pH, while FX amendments increase soil pH and mitigate the decline caused by PS.Increasing FX doses lead to greater pH increases and have a positive effect on soil OM and nutrient availability.FX amendments have a significant positive effect on maize growth factors, particularly under non-stress conditions.The combined effect of FX and PS on plant growth was significant, with FX amendments mitigating the negative effects of PS contamination.The study suggests that adding FX to the soil can counteract the acidification caused by PS MPs, and the effectiveness of FX on soil pH is dose-dependent.The findings have important implications for the management of contaminated soils, particularly in areas with high levels of MPs pollution, and highlight the potential of FX as a soil amendment to promote plant growth and mitigate the effects of environmental stressors on agriculture.Authors’ contributionsFarzad Rassaei: design of the work, the acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data, writing the manuscript.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Availability of data and materialsThe datasets during and/or analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Additional informationFundingThere is no funding regarding this manuscript.
{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Fucoxanthin Treatment to Alleviate Microplastic Pollution Effects on Maize Growth","authors":"Farzad Rassaei","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2258413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2258413","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTFucoxanthin (FX) is a natural pigment that is found in brown seaweeds, diatoms, and other marine organisms. FX helps to improve the soil’s physical and chemical properties. FX has been shown to have a positive impact on plant growth. The widespread usage and production of microplastics (MPs) products has resulted in a surge of plastic waste in the natural environment, posing a growing threat to plant growth. This study investigated the effects of Polystyrene MPs (PS) and FX on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter ;(OM), and available nutrients and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in a calcareous soil. Results showed PS led to a decline in soil pH, which negatively impacted maize growth. Higher levels of PS led to lower root and shoot dry weight, chlorophyll content, leaf area, and plant height. Increasing FX levels in the soil led to an increase in available nutrients, while decreasing EC and had a positive effect on maize growth factors, particularly under non-stress conditions. The positive effects of FX may be due to its antioxidant properties, ability to enhance photosynthesis, aid in nutrient absorption, and activate growth-related genes. FX mitigated the negative effects of PS on plant growth. The study highlights the potential of FX as a soil amendment to promote plant growth and mitigate the effects of environmental stressors on agriculture.KEYWORDS: Microplasticspolystyrenefucoxanthinsoil propertiesmaize growth Highlights PS contamination has negative effects on soil pH, while FX amendments increase soil pH and mitigate the decline caused by PS.Increasing FX doses lead to greater pH increases and have a positive effect on soil OM and nutrient availability.FX amendments have a significant positive effect on maize growth factors, particularly under non-stress conditions.The combined effect of FX and PS on plant growth was significant, with FX amendments mitigating the negative effects of PS contamination.The study suggests that adding FX to the soil can counteract the acidification caused by PS MPs, and the effectiveness of FX on soil pH is dose-dependent.The findings have important implications for the management of contaminated soils, particularly in areas with high levels of MPs pollution, and highlight the potential of FX as a soil amendment to promote plant growth and mitigate the effects of environmental stressors on agriculture.Authors’ contributionsFarzad Rassaei: design of the work, the acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data, writing the manuscript.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Availability of data and materialsThe datasets during and/or analyzed during the current study available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Additional informationFundingThere is no funding regarding this manuscript.","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135110424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sediment fingerprinting is increasingly being used to provide information that can help guide management decisions at the watershed scale. The objectives of this study were to investigate the implications of different sediment fingerprinting sampling designs on characterizing sediment dynamics in the Beheshtabad Watershed in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province, western Iran. First, nitrogen, organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sodium, zinc, manganese, iron, and lime fingerprints were used to discriminate among four potential sediment sources including agricultural topsoil, rangeland, as well as rainfed and urban lands. Then, the suspended sediment was collected from drainage areas at five sites. Nested and local-location fingerprinting sampling designs were employed to evaluate the influence of geomorphic connectivity and land use on apportionment results by using the same source and sediment data set. By averaging all locations using the nested method, agricultural land with an average of 69% had the highest contribution to sedimentation followed by rainfed land with an average of 19.9%, rangeland with an average of 6.8%, and urban lands with an average of 5.99%. Compared to the mean of the total method samples, the local method showed greater soil loss from agricultural lands and lower soil loss from rangeland and rainfed lands. Generally, surface soil in sediments came from agricultural land use. According to the results, total nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, and calcium were the optimum tracers that correctly distinguished source samples. Overall, each of the two fingerprinting sampling designs provided the same information. Thus, the fingerprinting method can determine the sources of sediments. Given the importance of the fingerprinting method, future studies can focus on determining the appropriate combination of tracers and the effect of sediment sampling time.
沉积物指纹越来越多地被用于提供信息，可以帮助指导流域规模的管理决策。本研究的目的是研究不同沉积物指纹采样设计对伊朗西部Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari省Beheshtabad流域沉积物动态特征的影响。首先，利用氮、有机碳、磷、钾、钙、钠、锌、锰、铁和石灰指纹图谱对农业表土、牧场、雨养土地和城市土地等4种潜在沉积物来源进行区分。然后，从五个站点的排水区域收集悬浮沉积物。采用嵌套指纹和局部指纹采样设计，利用相同的源和沉积物数据集，评估地貌连通性和土地利用对分配结果的影响。利用巢式方法对所有地点进行平均，农业用地对沉积的贡献最高，平均为69%，其次是旱地，平均为19.9%，牧场平均为6.8%，城市土地平均为5.99%。与总方法样本的平均值相比，局部方法的农用地土壤流失量较大，而牧地和旱地土壤流失量较小。一般来说，沉积物中的表层土壤来自农业用地。结果表明，总氮、总磷、有机碳和总钙是正确区分源样品的最佳示踪剂。总的来说，两种指纹采样设计提供了相同的信息。因此，指纹识别方法可以确定沉积物的来源。鉴于指纹识别方法的重要性，未来的研究可以集中在确定示踪剂的适当组合以及沉积物采样时间的影响上。
{"title":"Comparison of Sampling Designs for Soil Sediment Source Fingerprinting","authors":"Nasrin Gharahi, Azita Gheibipor, Rafat Zare Bidaki, Rasool Zamani‑Ahmadmahmoodi","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2256403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2256403","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment fingerprinting is increasingly being used to provide information that can help guide management decisions at the watershed scale. The objectives of this study were to investigate the implications of different sediment fingerprinting sampling designs on characterizing sediment dynamics in the Beheshtabad Watershed in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province, western Iran. First, nitrogen, organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sodium, zinc, manganese, iron, and lime fingerprints were used to discriminate among four potential sediment sources including agricultural topsoil, rangeland, as well as rainfed and urban lands. Then, the suspended sediment was collected from drainage areas at five sites. Nested and local-location fingerprinting sampling designs were employed to evaluate the influence of geomorphic connectivity and land use on apportionment results by using the same source and sediment data set. By averaging all locations using the nested method, agricultural land with an average of 69% had the highest contribution to sedimentation followed by rainfed land with an average of 19.9%, rangeland with an average of 6.8%, and urban lands with an average of 5.99%. Compared to the mean of the total method samples, the local method showed greater soil loss from agricultural lands and lower soil loss from rangeland and rainfed lands. Generally, surface soil in sediments came from agricultural land use. According to the results, total nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, and calcium were the optimum tracers that correctly distinguished source samples. Overall, each of the two fingerprinting sampling designs provided the same information. Thus, the fingerprinting method can determine the sources of sediments. Given the importance of the fingerprinting method, future studies can focus on determining the appropriate combination of tracers and the effect of sediment sampling time.","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2255676
A. Zad, Michael Kazemzadeh
{"title":"Stabilization of Lead and Zinc Nitrate-Contaminated Low Plasticity Clayey Soil Using Metakaolin Geopolymer","authors":"A. Zad, Michael Kazemzadeh","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2255676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2255676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85047060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1080/15320383.2023.2249993
Prachi Palta, Prabhdeep Kaur
{"title":"Stubble Burning Effect On Soil’s Dielectric Behavior: An Exploration Of Machine Learning-Based Modelling Approaches","authors":"Prachi Palta, Prabhdeep Kaur","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2249993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2023.2249993","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86707276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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