Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003625
S. Nakai, K. Mima, H. Azechi, N. Miyanaga, A. Nishiguchi, T. Yamanaka, K. Nishihara, K. Tanaka, M. Nakai, R. Kodama, M. Katayama, M. Kado, M. Tsukamoto, Y. Kato, H. Takabe, H. Nishimura, H. Shiraga, T. Endo, M. Nakatsuka, Takuya Sasaki, T. Jitsuno, K. Yoshida, T. Kanabe, H. Nakano, M. Yamanaka, K. Naito, T. Norimatsu, M. Takagi, T. Chen, Y. Izawa, C. Yamanaka
High density compression of main fuel and stable formation of hot spark at the center of imploded core have been investigated to obtain the scaling and the requirements for fusion ignition and high gain. For this purpose, the experimental data of the high density compression up to 600 times solid density with hollow shell pellet have been analyzed and compared with simulations.
{"title":"LASER FUSION—High density compression experiment and ignition program with GEKKO XII","authors":"S. Nakai, K. Mima, H. Azechi, N. Miyanaga, A. Nishiguchi, T. Yamanaka, K. Nishihara, K. Tanaka, M. Nakai, R. Kodama, M. Katayama, M. Kado, M. Tsukamoto, Y. Kato, H. Takabe, H. Nishimura, H. Shiraga, T. Endo, M. Nakatsuka, Takuya Sasaki, T. Jitsuno, K. Yoshida, T. Kanabe, H. Nakano, M. Yamanaka, K. Naito, T. Norimatsu, M. Takagi, T. Chen, Y. Izawa, C. Yamanaka","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003625","url":null,"abstract":"High density compression of main fuel and stable formation of hot spark at the center of imploded core have been investigated to obtain the scaling and the requirements for fusion ignition and high gain. For this purpose, the experimental data of the high density compression up to 600 times solid density with hollow shell pellet have been analyzed and compared with simulations.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75167667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003642
T. Galstyan
A new approach for producing dynamic amplitude holograms in liquid crystals is proposed. A steady-state amplification of a probe wave should occur at gratings of the orientation of the molecules of a nematic liquid crystal when an orthogonally polarized pump is used. A threshold must be reached for this amplification to occur. A difference between the attenuation of the ordinary wave and that of the extraordinary wave plays a fundamental role in this process. The role played by heat evolution is determined. Under certain conditions, heat evolution can lower the amplification threshold.
{"title":"Dynamic amplitude gratings in liquid crystals","authors":"T. Galstyan","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003642","url":null,"abstract":"A new approach for producing dynamic amplitude holograms in liquid crystals is proposed. A steady-state amplification of a probe wave should occur at gratings of the orientation of the molecules of a nematic liquid crystal when an orthogonally polarized pump is used. A threshold must be reached for this amplification to occur. A difference between the attenuation of the ordinary wave and that of the extraordinary wave plays a fundamental role in this process. The role played by heat evolution is determined. Under certain conditions, heat evolution can lower the amplification threshold.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75740157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003628
A. Oraevskiǐ
We derive a system of equations that describes the dynamic operating regimes of a laser with an active layer whose thickness is considerably smaller than the wavelength radiated. We use these equations to find the steady-state oscillation regimes of the laser and to study their stability. Some of the operating regimes predicted have no counterparts among those of lasers with thicker active media.
{"title":"Toward a theory of thin-layer lasers","authors":"A. Oraevskiǐ","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003628","url":null,"abstract":"We derive a system of equations that describes the dynamic operating regimes of a laser with an active layer whose thickness is considerably smaller than the wavelength radiated. We use these equations to find the steady-state oscillation regimes of the laser and to study their stability. Some of the operating regimes predicted have no counterparts among those of lasers with thicker active media.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74219579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003638
A. N. Bulyuk
The electrooptic interaction in single-mode optical fibers with both linear and circular birefringe is analyzed. In most cases, a large interaction length imposes a limit on the modulation frequency. A circular birefringence in an optical fiber may lead to an effective coupling of polarization normal modes if a phase-matching condition is satisfied. Through an appropriate choice of polarization states of the light at the entrance and exit of the device, one can achieve a polarization modulation or a frequency shift of the light. There are possible applications in rf polarization modulators, devices for shifting the frequency of light, and detectors of electromagnetic fields.
{"title":"Radio-frequency electrooptic modulation in optical fibers","authors":"A. N. Bulyuk","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003638","url":null,"abstract":"The electrooptic interaction in single-mode optical fibers with both linear and circular birefringe is analyzed. In most cases, a large interaction length imposes a limit on the modulation frequency. A circular birefringence in an optical fiber may lead to an effective coupling of polarization normal modes if a phase-matching condition is satisfied. Through an appropriate choice of polarization states of the light at the entrance and exit of the device, one can achieve a polarization modulation or a frequency shift of the light. There are possible applications in rf polarization modulators, devices for shifting the frequency of light, and detectors of electromagnetic fields.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81361124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003643
V. Kotov
A five-channel splitter of a new type is discussed. In this splitter, normal optical modes of monochromatic light interact simultaneously with two acoustic waves. These two waves are orthogonal with respect to each other and differ in frequency. Experiments reveal a splitting at transverse sound frequencies of 20.1, 16, and 13.5 MHz at light wavelengths of 488, 514, and 633 nm, respectively, in a TeO2 single crystal.
{"title":"FIVE-CHANNEL BRAGG SPLITTER","authors":"V. Kotov","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003643","url":null,"abstract":"A five-channel splitter of a new type is discussed. In this splitter, normal optical modes of monochromatic light interact simultaneously with two acoustic waves. These two waves are orthogonal with respect to each other and differ in frequency. Experiments reveal a splitting at transverse sound frequencies of 20.1, 16, and 13.5 MHz at light wavelengths of 488, 514, and 633 nm, respectively, in a TeO2 single crystal.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88739886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003641
M. Kirdyashkin, V. M. Murugov, G. P. Okutin, A. V. Senik
A photochronographic method for measuring the front profile of a laser pulse is described. The method exploits the saturation of an image converter. The dynamic range of these measurements reaches 105 at 1.315 μm, the wavelength of an iodine laser. The relative error of the power measurements is no greater than 20%. The time resolution is no worse than 25 ps per tenfold change in power.
{"title":"Measurement of the front profile of a subnanosecond laser pulse with a large dynamic range","authors":"M. Kirdyashkin, V. M. Murugov, G. P. Okutin, A. V. Senik","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003641","url":null,"abstract":"A photochronographic method for measuring the front profile of a laser pulse is described. The method exploits the saturation of an image converter. The dynamic range of these measurements reaches 105 at 1.315 μm, the wavelength of an iodine laser. The relative error of the power measurements is no greater than 20%. The time resolution is no worse than 25 ps per tenfold change in power.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73846867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003632
A. E. Poletimov, A. S. Shcheulin, I. L. Yanovskaya
We propose a new type of stable apodizing iris for lasers with peak intensities above 700 MW/cm2 in Q-switched operation (10–20 ns) and 10 W/cm2 in cw operation. Such irises can be used for suppressing the diffraction inhomogeneities in light beams, which cause self-focusing and destruction of laser elements. Because of their particular absorptive characteristics, these irises can be used over a wide spectral interval (0.6–3.5 μm).
{"title":"Apodizing apertures for visible and IR lasers","authors":"A. E. Poletimov, A. S. Shcheulin, I. L. Yanovskaya","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003632","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new type of stable apodizing iris for lasers with peak intensities above 700 MW/cm2 in Q-switched operation (10–20 ns) and 10 W/cm2 in cw operation. Such irises can be used for suppressing the diffraction inhomogeneities in light beams, which cause self-focusing and destruction of laser elements. Because of their particular absorptive characteristics, these irises can be used over a wide spectral interval (0.6–3.5 μm).","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78376771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003626
I. V. Golovnin, B. Zhdanov, A. Kovrigin, G. Laptev
We have investigated linear diode-pumped YAG lasers with matching optics provided by specially shaped gradient lenses for various choices of active-element length and output-mirror transmission coefficient. For these lasers we obtained single-frequency lasing on the lowest transverse mode at a power of 40 μW. The laser linewidth, which was measured by a heterodyne method was 10 kHz.
{"title":"Single-frequency diode-pumped Nd:YAG microlasers","authors":"I. V. Golovnin, B. Zhdanov, A. Kovrigin, G. Laptev","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003626","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated linear diode-pumped YAG lasers with matching optics provided by specially shaped gradient lenses for various choices of active-element length and output-mirror transmission coefficient. For these lasers we obtained single-frequency lasing on the lowest transverse mode at a power of 40 μW. The laser linewidth, which was measured by a heterodyne method was 10 kHz.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81280368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003624
W. Witteman, M. Ilieva, B. I. Ilyukhin, V. Kolesnikov, V. Ochkin, Y. Udalov
The electrical properties (the voltage, impedance, deposited power, and reflected power) of the plasma of a waveguide CO2 laser pumped by an rf discharge have been found experimentally and also by numerical simulation. The energy deposition in the active medium is optimized on the basis of the results. A record high combination of lasing power and efficiency for lasers of this type has been achieved: 36 W (about 1 W/cm) at 20.3%.
{"title":"LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Waveguide CO2 laser with a power per unit length of about 1 W/cm","authors":"W. Witteman, M. Ilieva, B. I. Ilyukhin, V. Kolesnikov, V. Ochkin, Y. Udalov","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003624","url":null,"abstract":"The electrical properties (the voltage, impedance, deposited power, and reflected power) of the plasma of a waveguide CO2 laser pumped by an rf discharge have been found experimentally and also by numerical simulation. The energy deposition in the active medium is optimized on the basis of the results. A record high combination of lasing power and efficiency for lasers of this type has been achieved: 36 W (about 1 W/cm) at 20.3%.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73270211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-10-31DOI: 10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003622
A. Kaminskiĭ, H. Verdún, W. Koechner, F. A. Kuznetsov, A. A. Pavlyuk
Efficient (~ 20%) single-mode, cw and quasi-cw laser action of Nd3+ ions (in the 4F3/2→4I11/2 channel) has been achieved with diode-laser pumping for the first time at room temperature in monoclinic KY(WO4)2, KGd(WO4)2, and KLu(WO4)2 crystals with an ordered structure.
{"title":"Efficient single-mode cw lasers based on monoclinic double potassium-(rare earth) tungstenate crystals containing Nd3+ ions with semiconductor-laser pumping","authors":"A. Kaminskiĭ, H. Verdún, W. Koechner, F. A. Kuznetsov, A. A. Pavlyuk","doi":"10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QE1992V022N10ABEH003622","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient (~ 20%) single-mode, cw and quasi-cw laser action of Nd3+ ions (in the 4F3/2→4I11/2 channel) has been achieved with diode-laser pumping for the first time at room temperature in monoclinic KY(WO4)2, KGd(WO4)2, and KLu(WO4)2 crystals with an ordered structure.","PeriodicalId":21878,"journal":{"name":"Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74769895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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