Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267894
Kwan-Ho Kim, Sung-Bae Cho, Youngjin Park, Han-Gyu Park
This paper presents an ultra wideband (UWB) planar stepped-fat dipole antenna. Comparing to conventional fat-dipole antennas, the novel antenna has stepped arms for impedance matching. The stepped arms make wideband impedance matching. A prototype antenna is designed for an ultra wideband ground penetrating radar (UWB-GPR). From EM simulations, dimensions of antennas are chosen for the better performance. For verification, the antenna is fabricated and measured. It is shown that return loss of the antenna between 0.5 GHz and 2.7 GHz is better than 10 dB.
{"title":"Novel planar ultra wideband stepped-fat dipole antenna","authors":"Kwan-Ho Kim, Sung-Bae Cho, Youngjin Park, Han-Gyu Park","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267894","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an ultra wideband (UWB) planar stepped-fat dipole antenna. Comparing to conventional fat-dipole antennas, the novel antenna has stepped arms for impedance matching. The stepped arms make wideband impedance matching. A prototype antenna is designed for an ultra wideband ground penetrating radar (UWB-GPR). From EM simulations, dimensions of antennas are chosen for the better performance. For verification, the antenna is fabricated and measured. It is shown that return loss of the antenna between 0.5 GHz and 2.7 GHz is better than 10 dB.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123716797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267849
T. Zasowski, F. Althaus, Mathias Sẗager, A. Wittneben, G. Tr̈oster
The paper presents UWB channel measurements from 3 to 6 GHz for a body area network (BAN) in an anechoic chamber and an office room. Both, transmit and receive antenna were placed directly on the body. Channel parameters as delay spread and path loss are extracted from the measurements and the influence of the body is highlighted. We show that in some situations there are significant echoes from the body (e.g. from the arms) and we observed deterministic echoes from the floor that could help to simplify a RAKE receiver structure. Finally, we consider the overall energy consumption of the BAN and give decision regions for singlehop and multihop links in relation to signal processing energy.
{"title":"UWB for noninvasive wireless body area networks: channel measurements and results","authors":"T. Zasowski, F. Althaus, Mathias Sẗager, A. Wittneben, G. Tr̈oster","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267849","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents UWB channel measurements from 3 to 6 GHz for a body area network (BAN) in an anechoic chamber and an office room. Both, transmit and receive antenna were placed directly on the body. Channel parameters as delay spread and path loss are extracted from the measurements and the influence of the body is highlighted. We show that in some situations there are significant echoes from the body (e.g. from the arms) and we observed deterministic echoes from the floor that could help to simplify a RAKE receiver structure. Finally, we consider the overall energy consumption of the BAN and give decision regions for singlehop and multihop links in relation to signal processing energy.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125304446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267835
Hans Gregoiy Schantz, F. schantz, Glenn Wolenec, Edward Mickel Myszka
This paper describes a method for creating frequency notches in an otherwise ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna element. By deliberately introducing a narrow band resonant structure, an antenna may be made insensitive to particular frequencies. This technique is useful for creating UWB antennas with narrow frequency notches, or for creating multi-band antennas.
{"title":"Frequency notched UWB antennas","authors":"Hans Gregoiy Schantz, F. schantz, Glenn Wolenec, Edward Mickel Myszka","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267835","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a method for creating frequency notches in an otherwise ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna element. By deliberately introducing a narrow band resonant structure, an antenna may be made insensitive to particular frequencies. This technique is useful for creating UWB antennas with narrow frequency notches, or for creating multi-band antennas.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121690709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267873
Liang Bin, E. Gunawan, L. Look
This paper studies the BER performance of the time-hopping with pulse position modulation (TH-PPM) UWB communication systems in AWGN channel with the pulses proposed by Parr [2003] conforming to the FCC spectral constraints. The orthogonality of the pulses gives us a new scheme in implementing TH-PPM and the BER performance is also investigated accordingly and compared with the traditional TH-PPM scheme using single pulse.
{"title":"On the BER performance of TH-PPM UWB using Parr's monocycle in the AWGN channel","authors":"Liang Bin, E. Gunawan, L. Look","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267873","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the BER performance of the time-hopping with pulse position modulation (TH-PPM) UWB communication systems in AWGN channel with the pulses proposed by Parr [2003] conforming to the FCC spectral constraints. The orthogonality of the pulses gives us a new scheme in implementing TH-PPM and the BER performance is also investigated accordingly and compared with the traditional TH-PPM scheme using single pulse.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124164868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267813
Ping Liu, Zhengyuan Xu, Jin Tang
The minimum variance (MV) technique minimizes output variance of a receiver subject to a constraint, which guarantees no cancellation of the desired signal while interference is mitigated. It has been successfully applied to multiuser detection for a direct sequence code-division multiple access (CDMA) system even when multipath channel is unknown. Its applicability in multiple access ultra-wideband (UWB) systems is investigated in this paper. First, similarities between a time-hopping (TH) UWB system using pulse position modulation (PPM) and a multirate CDMA system are explored where a code matrix for each user can be defined based on its unique TH sequence, similar to a spreading code matrix in a CDMA system. Meanwhile, modulation delays are transformed to amplitudes of pulses, yielding a virtually linear model. After following MV optimization procedures, the desired signal can be detected from outputs of a bank of receivers. Performance of the proposed detection criterion is analyzed and verified.
{"title":"Minimum variance multiuser detection for impulse radio UWB systems","authors":"Ping Liu, Zhengyuan Xu, Jin Tang","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267813","url":null,"abstract":"The minimum variance (MV) technique minimizes output variance of a receiver subject to a constraint, which guarantees no cancellation of the desired signal while interference is mitigated. It has been successfully applied to multiuser detection for a direct sequence code-division multiple access (CDMA) system even when multipath channel is unknown. Its applicability in multiple access ultra-wideband (UWB) systems is investigated in this paper. First, similarities between a time-hopping (TH) UWB system using pulse position modulation (PPM) and a multirate CDMA system are explored where a code matrix for each user can be defined based on its unique TH sequence, similar to a spreading code matrix in a CDMA system. Meanwhile, modulation delays are transformed to amplitudes of pulses, yielding a virtually linear model. After following MV optimization procedures, the desired signal can be detected from outputs of a bank of receivers. Performance of the proposed detection criterion is analyzed and verified.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125784957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267876
N. Askar, S. Lin, H.D. Pfister, G. E. Rogerson, D.S. Furuno
Spectral keying (SK) is a novel UWB modulation scheme that combines properties of both frequency shift keying and pulse position modulation. An SK symbol consists of a number of pulses where each pulse is from a different frequency band. It relies on dividing the available spectrum into multiple bands. The information is encoded by the sequence of the sent bands. It is found that the SK available symbol set scales factorially with the number of frequency bands in use. Theoretical analysis and simulations of a five band SK system are provided. Measurement results from an experimental SK system are also included.
{"title":"Spectral keying/spl trade/: a novel modulation scheme for UWB systems","authors":"N. Askar, S. Lin, H.D. Pfister, G. E. Rogerson, D.S. Furuno","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267876","url":null,"abstract":"Spectral keying (SK) is a novel UWB modulation scheme that combines properties of both frequency shift keying and pulse position modulation. An SK symbol consists of a number of pulses where each pulse is from a different frequency band. It relies on dividing the available spectrum into multiple bands. The information is encoded by the sequence of the sent bands. It is found that the SK available symbol set scales factorially with the number of frequency bands in use. Theoretical analysis and simulations of a five band SK system are provided. Measurement results from an experimental SK system are also included.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126701342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267857
G. Giancola, L. D. De Nardis, M. Di Benedetto
Validity of the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) for modeling multi user interference (MUI) in impulse radio ultra wide band (IR-UWB) systems which do not implement power control is investigated. Analysis focuses on the case of UWB systems adopting binary pulse position modulation (2PPM) with a time hopping (TH) code division multiple access scheme. Theoretical predictions are compared vs. simulation outputs in order to quantify limitations of the SGA hypothesis.
{"title":"Multi user interference in power-unbalanced ultra wide band systems: analysis and verification","authors":"G. Giancola, L. D. De Nardis, M. Di Benedetto","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267857","url":null,"abstract":"Validity of the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) for modeling multi user interference (MUI) in impulse radio ultra wide band (IR-UWB) systems which do not implement power control is investigated. Analysis focuses on the case of UWB systems adopting binary pulse position modulation (2PPM) with a time hopping (TH) code division multiple access scheme. Theoretical predictions are compared vs. simulation outputs in order to quantify limitations of the SGA hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133174353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267794
J. Padgett
Expressions are developed for the power spectral density (PSD) of a pulsed ultra wide band (UWB) signal for which the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is directly modulated by a known time function. Parallels are drawn to the analog frequency-modulation (FM) case. An example for the swept-PRF case is provided. This work is part of a continuing effort to characterize UWB emissions, and was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under the NETEX program.
{"title":"The power spectral density of a UWB signal with pulse repetition frequency (PRF) modulation","authors":"J. Padgett","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267794","url":null,"abstract":"Expressions are developed for the power spectral density (PSD) of a pulsed ultra wide band (UWB) signal for which the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is directly modulated by a known time function. Parallels are drawn to the analog frequency-modulation (FM) case. An example for the swept-PRF case is provided. This work is part of a continuing effort to characterize UWB emissions, and was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under the NETEX program.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133301367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267818
Ismail Guvenc, Huseyin Arslan
In this paper, performances of different ultrawideband (UWB) modulation schemes in the presence of timing jitter are evaluated and compared. Static and Rayleigh fading channels are considered. For fading channels, flat and dispersive channels are assumed. First, bit error rate (BER) performances for each case are derived for a fixed value of timing jitter. Later, a uniform distribution of jitter is assumed to evaluate the performance of the system, and the theoretical results are verified by computer simulations. Finger estimation error is treated as timing jitter and an appropriate model is generated. Furthermore, a worst case distribution that provides an upper bound on the system performance is presented and compared with other distributions. Effects of timing jitter on systems employing different pulse shapes are analyzed to show the dependency of UWB performance on pulse shape. Although our analysis assumes uniform timing jitter, our framework can be used to evaluate the BER performance for any given probability distribution function of the jitter.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of UWB systems in the presence of timing jitter","authors":"Ismail Guvenc, Huseyin Arslan","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267818","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, performances of different ultrawideband (UWB) modulation schemes in the presence of timing jitter are evaluated and compared. Static and Rayleigh fading channels are considered. For fading channels, flat and dispersive channels are assumed. First, bit error rate (BER) performances for each case are derived for a fixed value of timing jitter. Later, a uniform distribution of jitter is assumed to evaluate the performance of the system, and the theoretical results are verified by computer simulations. Finger estimation error is treated as timing jitter and an appropriate model is generated. Furthermore, a worst case distribution that provides an upper bound on the system performance is presented and compared with other distributions. Effects of timing jitter on systems employing different pulse shapes are analyzed to show the dependency of UWB performance on pulse shape. Although our analysis assumes uniform timing jitter, our framework can be used to evaluate the BER performance for any given probability distribution function of the jitter.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131101596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267850
J. Kunisch, J. Pamp
We present a generic ultra-wideband (UWB) multipath radio channel model that has been designed for link-level simulations and is suited for indoor environments, e.g. for WPAN applications. It covers the FCC frequency band [FCC, Feb. 2002] and is capable of producing space-variant impulse responses (IR) and transfer functions. The model is of a hybrid type and combines a statistical approach to model dense multipath and a simple quasi-deterministic method to model strong individual echoes. These echoes are important to obtain a realistic spatial (Doppler) behavior. The architecture of the model facilitates the application to UWB MIMO analyses. For a few scenarios (e.g., intra-office and inter-office transmission), site-specific parameter profiles are given that have been derived from measured data.
{"title":"An ultra-wideband space-variant multipath indoor radio channel model","authors":"J. Kunisch, J. Pamp","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267850","url":null,"abstract":"We present a generic ultra-wideband (UWB) multipath radio channel model that has been designed for link-level simulations and is suited for indoor environments, e.g. for WPAN applications. It covers the FCC frequency band [FCC, Feb. 2002] and is capable of producing space-variant impulse responses (IR) and transfer functions. The model is of a hybrid type and combines a statistical approach to model dense multipath and a simple quasi-deterministic method to model strong individual echoes. These echoes are important to obtain a realistic spatial (Doppler) behavior. The architecture of the model facilitates the application to UWB MIMO analyses. For a few scenarios (e.g., intra-office and inter-office transmission), site-specific parameter profiles are given that have been derived from measured data.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115092146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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